Abba Lawan Bukar, Chee Wei Tan, Kwan Yiew Lau,

Optimal sizing of an autonomous photovoltaic/wind/battery/diesel generator

microgrid using grasshopper optimization algorithm,
Solar Energy,
Volume 188,
2019,
Pages 685-696,
ISSN 0038-092X,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.06.050.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X19306243)
Abstract: This article focuses on the application of a latest nature-inspired
metaheuristic optimization algorithm named Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA)
in the area of microgrid system sizing design problem. The proposed algorithm is
applied to an autonomous microgrid system in order to determine the optimal system
configuration that will supply energy demand reliably based on the deficiency of
power supply probability (DPSP) and cost of energy (COE). Firstly, a robust rule-
based energy management scheme (EMS) is proposed to coordinate the power flow among
the various system components that formed the microgrid. Then, the GOA is
integrated with the EMS to perform the optimal sizing for the hybrid autonomous
microgrid for five units of residential in an off-grid location in Yobe State,
Nigeria. The proposed microgrid comprises of photovoltaic modules, wind turbine,
battery storage system and a diesel generator. The effectiveness of the proposed
GOA in solving the optimization problem is examined and its performance is compared
with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search (CS) optimization
algorithm. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed on the COE to highlight
the impact of varying sensitive system inputs. The proposed optimization is
programmed using MATLAB simulation package. The simulation results confirm that GOA
is able to optimally size the system as compared to its counterparts, CS and PSO.
In which, a decrement of 14% and 19.3% is achieved in the system capital cost,
respectively.
Keywords: Grasshopper optimization algorithm; Energy management; Wind turbine;
Photovoltaic; Optimal sizing; Rule-based