IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer - Mathematics Class - IX

Integrated
Syllabus
l Simple, clear and systematic presentation
l Concept maps provided for every chapter
l Set of objective and subjective questions at the
end of each chapter
l Previous contest questions at the end of each
chapter

e) m
l Designed to fulfill the preparation needs for
international/national talent exams, olympiads
and all competitive exams FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD

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UNIQUE ATTRACTIONS

m t.
●
CLASS -
X
CLASS - IX

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● Cross word Puzzles

Sa le
● Graded Exercise
■ Basic Practice
Further Practice

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■
Rs. 85
■ Brain Works Detailed solutions
for all problems
● Multiple Answer Questions of IIT Foundation &

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are available in this book

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 e) m
FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD

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m t.n
MATHEMATICS
Sa le
e ta

CLASS - IX
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(F bm.
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www.bmatalent.com
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Brain Mapping Academy

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e) m
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© Brain Mapping Academy
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No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
Sa le
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without
the prior written permission of the publisher.
e ta

Publication Team
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Authors: Y.S. Srinivasu

Design & Typing: P.S.Chakravarthi
(F bm

ISBN: 978-81-907285-4-6

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.

Every care has been taken by the compilers and

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 Preface
Speed and accuracy play an important role in climbing the competitive ladder. Students
have to integrate the habit of being able to calculate and function quickly as well as efficiently

e) m
in order to excel in the learning culture. They need to think on their feet, understand basic
requirements, identify appropriate information sources and use that to their best advantage.

pl co
The preparation required for the tough competitive examinations is fundamentally different
from that of qualifying ones like the board examinations. A student can emerge successful in
a qualifying examination by merely scoring the minimum percentage of marks, whereas in a

m t.
competitive examination, he has to score high and perform better than the others taking the
examination.
n
Sa le
This book provides all types of questions that a student would be required to tackle at the
foundation level. It will also help the student in identifying the pattern of questions set for
e ta
various competitive examinations. Constant practice and familiarity with these questions
will not only make him/her conceptually sound, but will also give the student the confidence
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to face any entrance examination with ease.

(F bm

Students are advised to go through every question carefully and try to solve it on their own.
They should also attempt different methods and alternate processes in reaching the desired
solution and seek their teacher’s help if required.
.

Valuable suggestions as well as criticism from the teacher and student community are most
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welcome and will be incorporated in the ensuing edition.

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Publisher
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 CONTENTS

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1. Surds .................................................. 07

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2. Logarithms ......................................... 30

3. Relations ............................................ 43

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4. Mensuration – II ................................ 65
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Sa le
5. Polynomials – II .................................. 103
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6. Quadratic Equations - I ..................... 122

7. Plane Geometry - II........................... 147

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8. Permutations and Combinations ............ 184

9. Inequalities – II .................................. 216

.

10. Coordinate Geometry – II ................. 237

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11. Number Theory ................................. 259

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12. Trigonometry - I ................................. 291

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13. Matrices ............................................. 318

Answers ............................................. 346

IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

Chapter

1
6
Mathematical
QUADRATIC Induction
EQUATIONS -I
Force and Pressure

e) m
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SYNOPSIS

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

m t.
An equation of the form

n
ax2 + bx + c = 0
Where a, b, c ∈ C and a ≠ 0 is called a quadratic equation. The numbers a, b, c are called
Sa le
the coefficients of this equaiton.

A root of the quadratic equation is a complex number α such that aα2 + bα + c = 0.

e ta

Discriminant (D) = b2 – 4ac

The roots of the above quadratic equation are given by the formula
re a

−b ± D − b ± b 2 − 4ac
(F bm

x= or x =
2a 2a
Properties of Quadratic Equations
1. A quadratic equation has two and only two roots.
.

2. A quadratic equation cannot have more than two different roots.

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3. If α be a root of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, then (x – α ) is a factor of

ax2 + bx + c = 0
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Note: The possible values of x which satisfy the quadratic equation are called the
roots of the quadratic eqaution.
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Sum and Product of the roots of a Quadratic Equation

Let α , β be the roots of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 ; a ≠ 0, then

−b  coefficient of x  c  constant term 

α +β = = − 2  and α . β = = 
a  coefficient of x  a  coefficient of x 2 

122
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

Therefore,
v If the two roots α and β be reciprocal to each other, then a = c.

v If the two roots α and β be equal in magnitude and opposite in sign, then b = 0.
Sign of the Roots

1. The roots α , β are both negative, if ( α + β ) and α β are both positive

e) m
−b c
(i.e., if and are both positive)
a a

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2. The roots α , β are both positive, if α + β is negative and αβ is positive

b c
(i.e, if is negative and is positive)

m t.
a a

3.
n The roots α , β are of opposite signs, if α β is negative (i.e.,
c
a
is negative)
Sa le
Sign of ( α + β ) Sign of ( αβ ) Sign of the α, β
e ta
+ ve + ve α and β are positive

– ve + ve α and β are negative

re a

+ ve – ve α is positive and β is negative if α > β (numerically)

(F bm

– ve – ve α is negative and β is positive if α > β (numerically)

Nature of Roots
For a quadratic equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 where a, b, c ∈ R, a ≠ 0 and D = b2 – 4ac.
.

(i) If D < 0, roots are imaginary (ii) If D ≥ 0 roots are real.

w
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D>0
D< 0 D= 0
(roots are complex (roots are
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with non - zero rational

imaginary part) and equal)

D is a perfect D is not a
square perfect square
↓ ↓
root are rational root are
and unequal irrational and
conjugate pairs

6. Quadratic Equation – I 123

© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

Graph of a Quadratic Function ax 2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0

Characteristics of b2 – 4 ac < 0 b2 – 4 ac = 0 b2 – 4ac > 0

the Function
When ‘a’ is positive
Y
Y Y

e) m
i.e., a > 0 X

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X X O
O (minima) O
(minima) (minima)

When ‘a’ is negative

m t.
O O O

n X X
(Mixima)
X
Sa le
i.e., a < 0 (Mixima)
(Mixima)
Y Y Y
e ta

v The graph of a quadratic function (expression) is called a parabola. The point at

which its direction changes is called its turning point, commonly called the vertex
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of the parabola.
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v The graph of the function is concave upwards when a > 0 and concave downwards
when a < 0.
v If the graph has no points in common with the x-axis, the roots of the equation are
imaginary and cannot be determined from the graph.
.

v If the graph is tangent to the x–axis, the roots are real and equal.
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v If the graph cuts the x-axis, the roots of the equation will be real and unequal.
Their values will be given by the abscissae of the points of interesection of the
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graph and the x-axis.

Solutions of Equations Reducible to Quadratic Form
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Equation which are not quadratic at a glance but can be reduced to quadratic equations
by suitable transformations. Some of the common types are :
Type 1: ax4 + bx2 + c = 0
This can be reduced to a quadratic equation by substituting x 2 = y. i.e., ay2 + by + c = 0.
Example:
Solve for y : 9y4 – 29y2 + 20 = 0
Sol.:

6. Quadratic Equation – I 125

© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

9y4 – 29y2 + 20 = 0
Put y2 = x
9x2 – 29x + 20 = 0
⇒ 9x2 – 20x – 9x + 20 = 0
⇒ (x – 1) (9x – 20) = 0

e) m
20
⇒ x = 1 or x =
9

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20
⇒ y2 = 1 or y 2 =
9

m t.
2 5
⇒ y ± 1 and y = ±
3

npx +
q
= r,
Sa le
Type 2:
x

q
e ta
p (x − a ) + = r,
(x − b )
Multiply both sides by the LCD of LHS to get a quadratic equation :
re a

q
(F bm

px + =r ⇒ px2 – rx + q = 0
x

q
and p (x − a) + =r
(x − b )
.

⇒ p (x – a) (x – b) – r (x – b) + q = 0
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Example:
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3
Solve : 2x − =5
x
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Sol.:

3
2x − =5
x
⇒ 2x2 – 3 = 5x
⇒ (2x + 1) (x – 3) = 0

1
⇒ x= − or x = 3.
2

126
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

Type 3: a − x 2 = bx + c

Squaring on both sides and simplify.

i.e., a – x2 = b2 x2 + 2bcx + c2

⇒ (1 + b2) x2 + 2 bcx + (c2 – a) = 0

e) m
Example:

Solve 2x + 9 + x = 13

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Sol.:

2x + 9 + x = 13

m t.
⇒ 2x + 9 = 13 − x

n squaring on both sides

Sa le
2x + 9 = (13 – x)2.

⇒ x2 – 28x + 160 = 0
e ta

⇒ (x – 8) (x – 20) = 0
re a

⇒ x = 8, x = 20
(F bm

Type 4: ax + b + cx + d = e

Transform one of the radicals to RHS and square ax + b = e − cx + d , such equations

may require squaring and your solution must satisfy ax + b ≥ 0 and cx + d ≥ 0
.

Example:
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Solve for x : x 2 + x − 6 − x + 2 = x 2 − 7x + 10, x ∈ R

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Sol.:
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x 2 + x − 6 − x + 2 = x 2 − 7x + 10

(x + 3)(x − 2) − (x − 2) = (x − 5)( x − 2)

⇒ (x − 2 )  (x + 3) − (x − 2 ) − (x − 5)  = 0

Either x−2 = 0 ⇒x = 2
6. Quadratic Equation – I 127
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

or ( x + 3 ) − ( x − 2) − x−5 = 0

⇒ x+3 − x−2 = x−5

Squaring on both sides

x2 + 12x + 36 = 4 (x2 + x – 6)

e) m
10
⇒ x = 6, x = −
3

pl co
−10
Since the equation involves radical therefore substituting x = 2, 6 and in the original
3

m t.
10
equation, we find that x = − does not satisfy the equation.

∴
nx = 2, 6
3
Sa le
 1   1
a  x2 + 2  + b  x +  + c = 0
e ta
Type 5:
 x   x

2
re a

1  1
For this type of equations we use the following identity x 2 + = x+  − 2
x2  x
(F bm

 1
2
  1
Thus a  x +  − 2 + b  x +  + c = 0
 x   x
.

1
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Now put x + = y to get a quadratic equation i.e., ay2 + by + (c – 2a) = 0.

x
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Example:

 2 1   1
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Solve 2  x + 2  – 9  x +  + 14 = 0
 x   x
Sol.:
2
1  1
Put x2 + 2 = 
x+  –2
x  x

 1
2
  1

∴ 2   x +  − 2 − 9  x +  + 14 = 0
 x   x

128
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

1
Substitute x + =y
x

∴ 2(y2 – 2) – 9y + 14 = 0
⇒ 2y2 – 4 – 9y + 14 = 0
⇒ (y – 2) (2y – 5) = 0

e) m
5
⇒ y = 0 or y =
2

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1
Since x + = 2 ⇒ x2 – 2x + 1 = 0
x

m t.
⇒ (x – 1)2 = 0
⇒ x=1
n 1 5
Sa le
Also x + = ⇒ 2x2 – 5x + 2 = 0
x 2
e ta
1
⇒ x = 2 or x =
2
re a

1
∴ x= , 1, 2.
2
(F bm

 1   1
Type 6: a  x2 + 2  + b  x −  + c = 0
 x   x

Use the following identity.

.
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2
1  1
x2 + 2
= x−  + 2
x  x
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 1
2
  1 1
Thus, a  x −  + 2  + b  x −  + c = 0 , put x − = y to get a quadratic equation
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 x   x x

in y.
i.e., ay2 + by + (c – 2a) = 0
Example:

 2 1   1
Solve 6  x + 2  − 25  x −  + 12 = 0
 x   x

6. Quadratic Equation – I 129

© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

SOLVED EXAMPLES

Example 6.1
Solve: 9x4 – 148 x2 + 64 = 0
Solution:
Let y = x2

e) m
The given equation reduces to a quadratic equation in ‘y’ as
9y2 – 148y + 64 = 0

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148 ± (-148 )2 - 4 (9 )(64 )
⇒ y=
2.9

m t.n 148 ± 19600

=
18
Sa le
148 ± 140
=
e ta
18

4
= 16 or
re a

9
(F bm

4
⇒ x2 = 16 or x2 =
9

2
⇒ x = + 4 or x = +
3
.
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Example 6.2

3
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Solve: 2y + =7
y
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Solution:
This can be rewritten as 2y2 – 7y + 3 = 0
⇒ 2y2 – 6y – y + 3 = 0

⇒ 2y (y – 3) – 1(y – 3) = 0

⇒ (2y – 1) (y – 3) = 0

1
⇒ y= or y = 3.
2

132
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

Example 6.3
Solve: (x + 2) (x + 4) (x + 6) (x + 8) = 105
Solution:
The given equation can be written as

 ( x + 2 )( x + 8 ) ( x + 4 )( x + 6 ) = 105

e) m
[x2 + 10x + 16] [x2 + 10x + 24] = 105
Substituting x2 + 10x = y, we get

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(y + 16) (y + 24) = 105
⇒ y2 + 40y + 279 = 0
⇒ (y + 31) (y + 9) = 0

m t.
⇒ y = – 31 or y = –9

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Taking y = – 31,
we have x2 + 10x = – 31
Sa le
⇒ x2 + 10x + 31 = 0
e ta
−10 ± 100 − 124
⇒ x= = − 5 ± -6
2
Taking y = – 9,
re a

we have x2 + 10x = – 9
(F bm

⇒ x2 + 10x + 9 = 0
⇒ (x + 9) (x + 1) = 0
⇒ x = – 9 or x = – 1
.

Hence the roots are – 1, – 9, −5 ± −6

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Example 6.4
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 2 1   1
Solve: 3  x + 2  − 20  x +  − 94 = 0
 x   x
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Solution:

1
Let x + = y.
x

2 1 1
Then x + 2
+ 2⋅x ⋅ = y2
x x

1
⇒ x2 + = y2 − 2
x2

6. Quadratic Equation – I 133

© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

Substituting in the given equation, we have,

3 (y2 – 2) – 20 (y) – 94 = 0
3y2 – 20y – 100 = 0
Factorising, we get
(3y + 10) (y – 10) = 0
−10

e) m
⇒ y= or 10
3

−10

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When y = ,
3

1 −10
we have x + =

m t.
x 3
⇒ 3x2 + 10x + 3 = 0

nsolving for x,
Sa le
−1
we get x = –3 or
3
e ta
When y = 10,
1
we have x + = 10
re a

x
⇒ x2 – 10x + 1 = 0
(F bm

Solving for x,
we get x = 5 ± 24

−1
.

Hence the roots are – 3, ,

3 5 ± 24
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Example 6.5
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2 1  1
Solve: x + − 3 x −  = 0
2
x  x
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Solution:
1
Let y = x − .
x

1 1
Then y2 = x2 – 2 . x . +
x x2

 2 1 
⇒ y2 + 2 =  x + 2 
 x 

134
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

The equation becomes y2 + 2 – 3y = 0

⇒ y2 – 3y + 2 = 0
⇒ (y – 2) (y – 1) = 0
⇒ y = 2 or 1
1
When y = 2, we have x − =2
x

e) m
⇒ x2 – 2x – 1 = 0
⇒ x=1+ 2 or x = 1 – 2

pl co
1
When y = 1, we have x − =1
x
⇒ x2 – x – 1 = 0

m t.
1+ 5 1− 5

n
On solving, we get x =
2
or
2
Sa le
Hence the roots of the quadratic equation are

1+ 5 1− 5
1+ 2, 1 – 2, ,
e ta
2 2
Example 6.6
Solve: 3x4 – 20x3 – 94x2 – 20x + 3 = 0
re a

Solution:
(F bm

Dividing the equation by x2. We get

20 3
3x2 – 20x – 94 – + =0
x x2
Grouping equidistant terms we have,
.
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 1   1
3  x 2 + 2  − 20  x +  − 94 = 0
 x   x
w

1
Let x + =y.
x
w

2 1
Then x + = y2 − 2
x2
The equation becomes
3(y2 – 2) – 20 y – 94 = 0
⇒ 3y2 – 20y – 100 = 0
⇒ (3y + 10) (y – 10) = 0
−10
⇒ y= or 10
3
6. Quadratic Equation – I 135
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

Solution:

x + 3 2x − 1 ( x + 3)( x − 3 ) − ( 2x − 1)( 2x − 7)
− =
2x − 7 x − 3 (2x − 7 )(x − 3 )
⇒ x2 – 9 – (4x2 – 16x + 7) = 0
⇒ x2 – 9 – 4x2 + 16x – 7 = 0

e) m
⇒ – 3x2 + 16x – 16 = 0
⇒ 3x2 – 16x + 16 = 0
⇒ 3x2 – 12x – 4x + 16 = 0

pl co
⇒ 3x (x – 4) – 4 (x – 4) = 0
⇒ (3x – 4) (x – 4) = 0

m t.
4
⇒ x= or x = 4
3

n
Hence the roots are
4
3
,4
Sa le
Example 6.9
Solve for x : 12x2 + 36 a2 = 43ax
e ta
Solution:
Rearranging the terms, we get
12x2 – 43ax + 36a2 = 0
re a

⇒ 12x2 – 16ax – 27ax + 36a2 = 0

(F bm

⇒ 4x (3x – 4a) – 9a (3x – 4a) = 0

⇒ (3x – 4a) (4x – 9a) = 0
4a 9a
∴ x= or x =
3 4
.
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Example 6.10
3 −4
Form the quadratic equation whose roots are and .
w

7 5
Solution:
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We know that if α, β are the roots, then the quadratic equation is x2 – x (α + β) + αβ = 0.

 3 4   3  −4 
Hence, the required quadratic equation is x 2 − x  −  +   =0
 7 5   7  5 

 -13  12
⇒ x2 − x  − =0
 35  35

6. Quadratic Equation – I 137

© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

13x 12
⇒ x2 + − =0
35 35
⇒ 35x2 + 13x – 12 = 0 is the required quadratic equation.
Example 6.11
Solve for x : 9x4 – 325x2 + 36 = 0
Solution:

e) m
Let x2 = y.
Then the equation is transformed to
9y2 – 325y + 36 = 0

pl co
325 ± (325 )2 − 4.9.36
⇒ y=
2.9

m t.
325 ± 323

n =
18
Sa le
648 2
= or
18 18
e ta
1
= 36 or
9
re a

If y = 36, then x = 36 = 6
(F bm

1 1 1
If y = , then x = =
9 9 3
Example 6.12
Solve for x : 3x+2 + 3–x = 10
.

Solution:
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3x+2 + 3–x = 10 is written as

3x . 32 + 3–x = 10
w

Let 3x = y
1
w

⇒ 9y +
y
= 10

⇒ 9y2 – 10y + 1 = 0
⇒ (9y – 1) (y – 1) = 0
1
⇒ y= or 1
9
1
If y = , then If y = 1, then
9

138
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

1
3x = = 3–2 3x = 1 = 30
9
⇒ x = –2 ⇒ x=0

Example 6.13

e) m
3 x 2
Solve for x : 5 +7 = 22
x 3 3

pl co
Solution:

3 x 68
5 +7 =

m t.
x 3 3

Let n 3
=y
Sa le
x
e ta
7 68
⇒ 5y + =
y 3
re a

⇒ (5y2 + 7)3 = 68y

(F bm

⇒ 15y2 – 68y + 21 = 0

⇒ 15y2 – 63y – 5y + 21 = 0
⇒ 3y(5y – 21) – 1(5y – 21) = 0
.

⇒ (3y – 1) (5y – 21) = 0

w

1 21
⇒ y= or y =
w

3 5
w

1 21
If y = , then If y = , then
3 5

3 1 3 21 3 1 3 441
= or = ⇒ = or =
x 3 x 5 x 9 x 25

75 25
⇒ x = 27 or x = =
441 147

6. Quadratic Equation – I 139

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IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

CONCEPT MAP

Quadratic Equation: An equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c ∈ C and

a ≠ 0 is called a quadratic equation. The root of the equation

−b ± b2 − 4ac
ax2 + bx + c = 0 are given by the formula x =
2a

e) m
pl co
Sum of the roots: Let α & β be the roots of Product of the roots: Let α & β be the roots
the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0; a ≠ 0, of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0,

−b  coeff. of x  c  constant term 

m t.
then α + β = = −  2 
 a ≠ 0, then αβ = =  2 
a  coeff. of x  a  coeff. of x 

n
Sa le
Formation of Quadratic equation: Let α & β be the roots then the quadratic
equation is given by x 2 − (α − β)x + (αβ) = 0
e ta

Properties: Nature of roots Condition for

re a

1. A quadratic equation has common roots:

two and only two roots.
Consider:
(F bm

2. A quadratic equation
cannot have more than two
D < 0 roots are D = 0 Roots are ax2 + bx + c = 0
different roots.
complex with non- rationals equal
3. If α is a root of the zero imaginary a≠0
quadratic equation part
.

ax2 + bx + c = 0, then (x − α) a'x2 + b2x + c' = 0

w

is a factor of
ax2 + bx + c = 0. a≠0
w

4. If the roots α & β be D>0

(a) if one root
reciprocals to each other, is comm-
then a = c. on then
w

5. If the two roots α & β be

D is a perfect D is not a (ab' – a'b) (bc' –
equal in magnitude and op square perfect square b'c) = (ca' – c'a)2
posite in sign, then b = 0
(b) If two
1 1 b
6. + = − roots are
α β c common,

b2 − 4ac Roots are Roots are

7. α−β = rational and rational and a b c
a = =
unequal conjugate pairs a' b' c'

6. Quadratic Equation – I 141

© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

BASIC PRACTICE
1. For what value of k, (4 – k)x2 + (2k + 4) x + (8k +1) = 0, is a perfect square.
2. Find the least positive value of k for which the equation x2 + kx + 4 = 0 has real roots.
3. If the roots of the equation (b – c) x2 + (c – a) x + (a – b) = 0 are equal, then prove that
2b = a + c.
4. If the roots of the equation (a2 + b2) x2 – 2 (ac + bd)x + (c2 + d2) = 0 are equal, then prove

e) m
a c
that = .
b d
5. If the roots of the equations ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 and bx 2 − 2 ac x + b = 0 are simulta-

pl co
neously real, then prove that b 2 = ac.
6. If the roots of the equation (c 2 – ab) x2 – 2(a2 – bc) x + b2 – ac = 0 are equal, prove that
either a = 0 or a3 + b3 + c3 = 3 abc.

m t.
7. Show that the equation 2 (a 2 + b2) x2 + 2 (a + b) x + 1 = 0 has no real roots, when a ≠ b.
8. Prove that both the roots of the equation (x – a) (x – b) + (x – b) (x – c) + (x – c) (x – a) = 0

9. n
are real but they are equal only when a = b = c.
If the equation (1 + m 2) x2 + 2mcx + (c2 – a2) = 0 has equal roots, then prove that
Sa le
c2 = a2 (1 + m2).
1 2
10. If α, β are the roots of x2 – ( k + 1) x + (k + k + 1) = 0, then show that α 2 + β2 = k.
e ta
2
11. For what values of ‘k’ does the equation (k – 2) x2 + 2(2k – 3) x + (5k – 6) = 0 have equal
roots ? Find the roots of the equations corresponding to those values of k ?
re a

12. If a root of px2 + qx + r = 0 is thrice the other root, then show that 3q 2 = 16pr.
13. If one root of x2 – 5x + k = 0 is 2, then find the value of k and the other root.
(F bm

FURTHER PRACTICE
1. Common root of x2 + x – 6 = 0, x 2 + 3x – 10 = 0 is:
(A) – 2 (B) 2 (C) – 3 (D) – 5
Ratio of the sum of the roots of x2 – 9x + 18 = 0 to the product of the roots is:
.

2.
w

(A) 1 : 2 (B) 2 : 1 (C) – 1 : 2 (D) – 2 : 1

3. Quadratic equation whose one of the roots is 4 + 5 is:
w

(A) x2 + 8x – 1 = 0 (B) x2 + 8x + 1 = 0 (C) x2 – 8x + 1 = 0 (D) x2 – 8x + 11 = 0

4. If the discriminant of 3x2 – 14x + k = 0 is 100, then k = ________
(A) 8 (B) 32 (C) 16 (D) 24
w

5. If a root of x2 – kx + 8 = 0 is 4, then k = __________

(A) 7 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 8
6. Equation whose roots are 3 ± 2 is:
(A) x2 + 6x + 2 = 0 (B) x2 – 6x + 7 = 0 (C) x2 + 5x + 7 = 0 (D) x2 – 6x – 7 = 0
7. 2
If (x + 1) is a factor of 3x + kx + 4, then k = _________
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) – 7 (D) 7
8. If x2 – 2px + 8p – 15 = 0 has equal roots, then p = _________
(A) 3 or – 5 (B) 3 or 5 (C) – 3 or 5 (D) – 3 or – 5

142
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

24. The roots of x 2/3 + x1/3 – 2 = 0 are:

2 1
(A) 1 or – 8 (B) 1 or – 2 or (C) (D) – 2 or – 8
3 3
25. For what value of ‘m’, the equation (3m + 1) x2 + 2 (m + 1) x + m = 0 have equal root ?
(A) 1, – 1/2 (B) 2 or 4 (C) 4 (D) 3

26. The value of 6 + 6 + 6 + ..... is:

e) m
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 3.5 (D) 2.5

27. The value of 42 + 42 + 42 + ...∞ is:

pl co
(A) 7 (B) 6 (C) 5 (D)3
p q
28. If the roots of a quadratic equation are , − , then the equaiton is:
q p

m t.
(A) qx2 – (q2 + p2)x – pq= 0 (B) pqx2 – (p2 – q2) x – pq = 0

29. n
(C) px2 – (p2 + 1) x + p = 0 (D) p2x2 – (p2 – q2) x – pq =0
Form a quadratic equations, whose roots are 2 + 2 and 2 − 2 .
Sa le
(A) x2 – 4x + 2 = 0 (B) x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
(C) x2 + 2x – 4 = 0 (D) x2 – 2x + 4 = 0
e ta
30. If α, β are the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, find the value of α2 + β2 .

b2 + 4ac 4ac − b2 b 2 − 2ac b2 − 4ac

re a

(A) (B) (C) 2 (D)

4a 2a a a2
(F bm

31. If x, y and z are real numbers such that x + y + z = 5 and xy + yz + zx = 3, what is the
largest value that ‘x’ can have ?
5 13
(A) (B) 19 (C) (D) 17
3 3
32. If x2 + 5y2 + z2 = 2y (2x + z) then which of the following statement (s) is/are necessarily
.

true?
w

(i) x = 2y (ii) x = 2z (iii) 2x = z

(A) only (i) (B) only (ii) and (iii) (C) only (i) and (ii) (D) only (ii)
w

A2 B2
33. The number of real roots of the equation + = 1, where A and B are real num-
x x −1
w

bers not equal to zero simultaneouly is:

(A) none (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 1 or 2
BRAIN WORKS
1. If both ‘a’ and ‘b’ belong to the set {1, 2, 3, 4}, then the number of equations of the form
ax2 + bx + 1 = 0 having real roots is:
A) 10 B) 7 C) 6 D) 12
2. If a, b are the two roots of a quadratic equation such that a + b = 24 and a – b = 8, then
the quadratic equation having a and b as its roots is:
A) x2 + 2x + 8 = 0 B) x2 – 4x + 8 = 0 C) x2 – 24x + 128 = 0 D) 2x2 + 8x + 9 = 0

144
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

3. One fourth of a herd of cows is in the forest. Twice the square root of the herd has gone
to mountains and on the remaining 15 are on the banks of a river. The total number of
cows is:
A) 6 B) 100 C) 63 D) 36
4. Which of the following equations has real roots ?
A) 3x2 + 4x + 5 = 0 B) x2 + x + 4 = 0
C) (x – 1) (2x – 5) = 0 D) 2x2 – 3x + 4 = 0

e) m
5. Which of the following is a quadratic equation ?
A) x1/2 + 2x + 3 = 0 B) (x – 1) (x + 4) = x2 + 1
2
C) x – 3x + 5 = 0 D) (2x + 1) (3x – 4) = 6x2 + 3

pl co
6. If a and b are the roots of the equation x 2 – 6x + 6 = 0, then the value of a2 + b2 is:
A) 36 B) 24 C) 12 D) 6
7. The roots of 2x2 – 6x + 3 = 0 are:

m t.
A) Real, unequal and rational B) Real, unequal and irrational
B) Real and equal D) Imaginary

n
8. A and B solved a quadratic equation. In solving it, A made a mistake in the constant
term and obtained the roots as 5, –3, while B made a mistake in the coefficient of x and
Sa le
obtained the roots as 1, – 3. The correct roots of the equation are:
A) 1, 3 B) – 1, 3 C) –1, –3 D)1, – 1
e ta
x 1
9. The value of ‘x’ in the equation + 1 − x = 2 is:
1− x 2
11
re a

A) 5/13 B) 7/13 C) 9/13 D)

13
(F bm

2
10. For what values of ‘k’, the equation x + 2 (k – 4) x + 2k = 0 has equal roots?
A) 8, 2 B) 6, 4 C) 12, 2 D) 10, 4
MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following is the graph of a cubic function:
.
w
w

(A) (B) (C) (D) Just

w

touching
here

2. The value of k for which polynomial x2 – kx + 4 has equal zeroes is

(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) – 4 (D) – 2
3. Sum of two zeroes of a polynomial x3 + 6x2 + cx + d is 2, then value of third zeroes can not be
(A) – 8 (B) – 4 (C) – 2 (D) – 1

6. Quadratic Equation – I 145

© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

4. α and β are zeroes of polynomial x3 – 2x + 1, then product of zeroes of a polynomial

1 1
having zeroes and is
α β
1
(A) αβ (B) (C) 0 (D) 1
αβ
5. If α, β and γ are the zeroes of a polynomial x3 – 5x2 – 2x + 24, such that αβγ = 12 then

e) m
difference of first two zeroes can be:
(A) 1 (B) – 1 (C) 0 (D) –2

pl co
PARAGRAPH QUESTIONS

Passag e - I

m t.
The graph of an equation is given below.

n
(–2, 4) (2, 4)
Sa le
(–1, 1) (1, 1)
e ta
re a
(F bm

1. What is the degree of the polynomial?

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
2. Identify the polynomial satisfying the graph?
(A) y = x2 + 2 (B) y = – x2 (C) y = x2 (D)y = x2 – 2
3. Which of the following statements is true about the graph?
.

(A) The graph in symmetric about x axis

w

(B) The graph in symmetric about y axis

(C) Sum of x-intercept and y-intercept is greater than zero
w

(D) The polynomial has 3 terms

w

146
6. Quadratic Equation – I
© Brain Mapping Academy
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - IX

BRAIN WORKS
1.B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. C

MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS PARAGRAPH QUESTIONS

1. A,C 2. B,C,D 3. C,D 1. A 2. A
4. A,C 5. C, D

e) m
CHAPTER - 13 MATRICES

BASIC PRACTICE

pl co
1 0  −1 −2 
1.  0 1 2.X =  −7 −13  3. x = 1, 2 and y = 3 ± 3 2 5. a = 1, b = 4 6. k = –7
   

m t.
15 1
8.
2
n9. 25 10. x =
2
, – 3 11. Given system has infinite number of solutions.
Sa le
−7
12.Given system of equations has no solution for λ = 13. (i) a ≠ 2 or b ≠ 3
2
e ta
 9 −1 −4 
 −3 4 5  −1  94 −39 
(ii) a = 2 (iii) a=3 14.  15. (AB)–1 =  −82 34  = B–1A–1
 5 −3 −1  2  
re a
(F bm

FURTHER PRACTICE
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B
.

21. B 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B
w

31. C 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. A
41. C 42. B 43. B 44. D
w

BRAIN WORKS MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS

w

1. A,C,D 2. A,B 3. A,B,C

1. 9  2n + 1 −4n 
6. x = 0 10.  n −(2n − 1) 
2 5 
2.  5 8  −2 0 
  PARAGRAPH QUESTIONS
7.  0 0   1 0   −1 0 
  12.  0 1  ,  0 −1  ,
3. 3 × 8    
4. k = 1 1. A 2. A 3. A
1 4 
8.  0 −1  a (1 − a) 
1     4. B 5. B
5. (i) 36 (ii)
4 9. A  (1 + a) −a 

352
Key
© Brain Mapping Academy
 IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer - Mathematics Class - IX
Integrated
Syllabus
l Simple, clear and systematic presentation
l Concept maps provided for every chapter
l Set of objective and subjective questions at the
end of each chapter
l Previous contest questions at the end of each
chapter

e) m
l Designed to fulfill the preparation needs for
international/national talent exams, olympiads
and all competitive exams FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD

pl co
UNIQUE ATTRACTIONS

m t.
●
CLASS -
X
CLASS - IX

n
● Cross word Puzzles
Sa le ● Graded Exercise
■ Basic Practice
Further Practice
e ta
■

■ Brain Works Detailed solutions

for all problems
● Multiple Answer Questions of IIT Foundation &
re a

● Paragraph Questions Olympiad Explorer

are available in this book
(F bm.
w
w
w

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