Writing and Defending the Thesis

Preliminary Pages
Title Page
Approval Page
Dedication (optional)
Acknowledgments
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures

Body of the Thesis

Chapter 1 – Introduction
Background of the Study
Theoretical Framework
Research Paradigm
Assumptions of the Study (optional)
Statement of the Problems and Hypotheses
Scope and Delimitation of the Study (optional)
Chapter 2 – Research Methodology
Research Design and Method(s)
Duration and Locale of the Study
Population/Subjects/Test Organisms of the Study
Materials and Procedures
Treatment of the Data
Chapter 3 – Results and Discussion
Chapter 4 – Conclusions and Recommendations

Literature Cited
Appendices
Curriculum Vitae
 Sample Format
FRONT PAGE

Colocasia esculenta (TARO, FAM. ARACEAE) MUCILAGE

AS SUSPENDING AND EMULSIFYING AGENT

A Thesis

Submitted to the Graduate Programs

College of Natural Sciences

Saint Louis University

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Degree of

Master of Science in Pharmacy

Major in Manufacturing

Michelle T. Onoza

April, 2010
 APPROVAL SHEET

This certifies that this Thesis:

Colocasia esculenta (TARO, FAM. ARACEAE) MUCILAGE

AS SUSPENDING AND EMULSIFYING AGENT

Prepared and submitted by Michelle T. Onoza has been approved and accepted as partial

fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree in Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy on March,

2010.

______________________________

Adviser

PANEL MEMBERS

Member Member

College Dean
 Sample Abstract format

MICHELLE T. ONOZA
MS in Pharmacy
Adviser: Prof. Adeltrudes B. Caburian

Colocasia esculenta (TARO, FAMILY ARACEAE) MUCILAGE

AS SUSPENDING AND EMULSIFYING AGENT

ABSTRACT

This study is intended to extract, isolate and investigate the physical properties of Colocasia

esculenta (Taro, Family Araceae). To determine the ability of taro mucilage as suspending and

emulsifying agent in the formulation of emulsion with the use of dry and wet gum method and

formulation of suspension in comparison to acacia powder, a commercially available USP

standard suspending and emulsifying agent. Taro mucilage was extracted and isolated from fresh

taro corms to determine the physical properties in its dried form. The taro powdered mucilage

were utilized in the formulation of Mineral oil emulsion applying dry and wet gum method and

in the formulation of Calamine suspension. Stability and sensitivity tests were conducted using

pre-clinical tests on guinea pigs as test animals. As for the results gathered, the taro powdered

mucilage shows similar physical properties, has a higher moisture content and lower ash content

as compared to acacia powder. The taro non-powdered mucilage has low viscosity and slightly

acidic which is still comparable with acacia solution. The emulsion with taro mucilage is more

viscous and slightly alkaline than the emulsion with acacia powder. Both prepared emulsions

spreads evenly and washable with running water. The suspension with taro mucilage is more

viscous and slightly alkaline than the suspension with acacia powder. It has a computed
sedimentation volume and degree of flocculation which is still comparable to suspension with

acacia powder. On the areas of stability testing, the emulsion shows no significant changes

observed regarding the color. At higher temperature, there was a strong fatty odor. There was

decreasing pH in both high and low temperature. The pH remained constant at room temperature.

Visible creaming was observed in all three temperatures but eventually breaking occurred at

higher temperature. The color, odor and appearance of the suspension remained constant. The

prepared suspension still readily redispersed upon gentle shaking, settled slowly and poured

readily and evenly. The pH decreases at lower temperature, increases at higher temperature and

remained constant at room temperature. The emulsion and suspension containing taro mucilage

did not cause any irritation on test animals based on the computed primary irritation index.

Therefore, the taro mucilage could be used as emulsifying and suspending agent.

Keywords: Taro mucilage, suspending agent, emulsifying agent, emulsion, suspension

 Sample Table and Figure Format

Table 1
Proximate Composition of the Taro Corm on a Fresh Weight Basis
Component Content

Moisture 63-85%
Carbohydrate (mostly starch) 13-29%
Protein 1.4-3.0%
Fat 0.16-0.36%
Crude Fibre 0.60-1.18%
Ash 0.60-1.3%
Vitamin C 7-9 mg/100 g
Thiamine 0.18 mg/100 g
Riboflavin 0.04 mg/100 g
Niacin 0.9 mg/100 g
Source: FAO, 1997

Input Process Output

1. Mimosa pudica plant 1. Collection, Drying and Maceration 1. Mimosa pudica plant
(95% ethanol) of Mimosa pudica plant extract

2. Mimosa pudica plant extract 2. Dosage Formulation 2. capsulated Mimosa pudica

a. Drying and powdering plant extract

b. Capsulation

c. Dose prepration
* 100 mg/Kg
* 200 mg/Kg

3. capsulated Mimosa pudica 3. Pharmacologic Screening 3. capsulated Mimosa pudica

plant extract * In vivo test of rat blood plant extract has
Samples (Glucose Oxidase hypoglycemic activity
Test Animal: Method).
Albino rats (24)
Instrument: Glucometer
- Glibenclamide
(+) Control

- Saline Solution (NSS)

(-) Control

Figure 1: Paradigm of the Study