INTRODUCTION

Engineering is one of the key influences that shapes our society. Engineers don’t just work
with machines, designs and electronics, they use maths and science to provide innovation and
inventions that shape our society and improve the way we live and work. This means that
engineers have a responsibility and also a great opportunity to ensure that the have a positive
influence in society.

Imagine what life would be like without pollution controls to preserve the environment, life-
saving medical equipment, or low-cost building materials for fighting global poverty. All this
takes engineering. In very real and concrete ways, engineers save lives, prevent disease, reduce
poverty, and protect our planet.

The first engineers focused on military technology, designing weapons, such as sword and
catapults, and sturdy medieval castles. Later engineers designed roads, bridges, dams, electric
lights, internal combustion engines, computers — the conveniences of our modern lives. The
engineers of today are solving the problems of the 21st Century, cleaning the environment with
plants and microbes, developing biofuels for cars and trucks, designing the cars and trucks that
we drive to work and school, and enhancing the world in which we live.

Engineers invent new technologies, such as the telephone or the silicon chip, and they help to
make other people’s ideas work, such as structural and geotechnical engineers creating
technical solutions to make an architect’s design for a building stand up. The creative work of
engineers is often hidden in the details of everyday life, invisible precisely because it works.
Car braking systems, water treatment, gas turbines and mobile data networking, are just a few
examples of continuous, creative innovation and improvement by engineers that keep us safe,
drive the economy and support our modern lifestyles.

The British Medical Journal had a vote in 2006 about the greatest advance in medicine,
Sanitation. Clean water. Think how few cases of dysentery you have to deal with. People used
to die from sicknesses which have been largely eradicated thanks to flushable toilets. And then
there are advances in building technology allowing people to live and work in better quality
houses rather than Victorian slums, heating for those houses in winter and air conditioning in
summer. There are also better quality roads and transport systems, thanks to engineers.

The world is changing, and engineers are the ones behind so much of this development. The
majority of today’s services and products had some element of engineering involved in their
conception at least, paving the way to long, fulfilling and healthy lives for the people influenced
by them.

In an advanced technological world, we need engineers to bring ideas into reality. By applying
the principles of mathematics and science, engineers develop solutions to the world’s biggest
technical issues.
Different Branches of Engineering:

Engineering is much like the other fields, it is also often Broken down into several Sub-
disciplines. These all Sub-discipline have their own importance in our society, Historically the
main branches of Engineering are :

Aerospace Engineering- The design of aircraft, spacecraft and every thing concern with the
flying stuffs.

Chemical Engineering – The exploitation of chemical principles in order to carry out large
scale chemical process, as well as designing new specialty materials and fuels, without this
fields, any of these fields can’t proceed.

Civil Engineering – The design and construction of public and private works, such as
infrastructure (roads, railways, water supply and treatment etc.), bridges and buildings, gives a
place to live to our Society.

Electrical Engineering – a very broad area that may encompass the design and study of various
electrical & electronic systems, such as electrical circuits , generator, motor ,
electromagnetic/electromechanical devices, electronic devices , electronics circuits , optical
fibre , optoelectronic devices, computer systems, telecommunication and electronics , as we
are depend on this field .

Mechanical Engineering – The design of physical or mechanical systems, such as engines,

compressor, powertrains, kinematic chain, vacuum technology, and Vibration isolation
equipment, the most popular among all of these and so-called the ‘ever green field ‘ .

Importance of Engineers to the society :

In the remote areas of the country, people face acute shortage of food items. It is the duty of
the engineers to make food available and affordable to the common masses. This can be done
by bringing more and more areas of waste land under cultivation and extending the irrigation
facilities to remote locations.

Access to clean drinking water is one of India’s biggest challenges. According to UNICEF,
only a quarter of the total population in India has drinking water on their premises and nearly
three quarters of all diseases in India are caused by contaminants in the water supply. It is the
duty of engineers to ensure that people have access to clean drinking water. This can be done
by installing large scale water purification plants at the supply end of water supply schemes,
running movable water purifiers through Municipal Corporations and installing water purifier
sets at the public places.

Housing problem is also one of India’s biggest challenges. Lakhs of people don’t have houses
to live in. Many people still live on footpaths, railway stations, bus stands and other public
places. Lakhs of people live in kacha houses and slums. The engineers must design low cost
houses and prefabricated structures for the common masses.

ack of sanitation is a major problem in developing countries like India. Collection and disposal
of garbage is a major task while dealing with sanitation problems. It is imperative for engineers
to tackle sanitation service problems by offering different sanitation products and services at
affordable prices.

Waste Management
Urban areas of India generate 1,88,500 tonnes of municipal solid waste (68.8 million tonnes
per year) , and waste generation increases by 50 percent every decade. More than 80 percent
of this waste reaches open dumpsites causing public health issues, environmental degradation,
and resultant climate change. There is dire need for construction of drainages, culverts,
incinerators, etc.

Access to healthcare
One of the most critical needs today is access to good healthcare. Billions around the world,
particularly people in the Indian subcontinent, suffer because they do not get proper access to
healthcare. Even those with access have a sour experience. Health care facilities such as
hospitals and dispensaries are not available in every area of India. The role of engineers is to
construct healthcare institutes in different areas of the country with modern facilities so that
medical facilities are provided to the masses at affordable costs.

Connectivity and public transportation

Non availability of roads and railway lines is a major problem faced by people of some areas
of India. The engineers have a great role to play for planning, designing and construction of
road and railway network in the country. All the hilly and rural belts of the country should be
connected to the highways and other major roads. Roads and railway lines are the backbones
of prosperity and development of a nation.
It is also the duty of engineers to plan, design, manufacture and sell economical transportation
facilities to the masses. These include railway coaches, buses, mini buses, taxis, cars and two
wheelers. There is a massive need for public transport options because everyone can not afford
cab services. There is also need for construction of bridges, railroad lines, tunnels, airports,
harbors, docks, aqueducts, etc.

Electricity
The discovery of electricity has paved way to the most flexible source of energy. From
powering consumer appliances, to multigear machines that manufacture and assemble goods
and even certain artificial intelligence in the form of computers and modern robotics, electricity
is synonymous with power. India has always been a pioneer in the generation and utilization
of electricity since the 19th century. Sh. Maharaja Pratap Singh established the first
hydroelectric power station in Jammu & Kashmir at Mohra in Baramulla in the year 1905.

Conclusion :

Finally , Engineers contribute considerably to the quality of life in society and it is important
that they articulate their role clearly and firmly. We hope that a definition of these principles
will enhance this contribution, Without Engineers we cant even think about getting so
modernized world , where almost every person depends on Technology . Engineers create new
innovation stuff just by their different way of thinking from the common man and by their
skills , dedication and hardwork they create some thing new or improve the products