The Effects of Using Facebook to the Academic Performance of Grade 12

STEM 1 Students of Notre Dame Siena College of Polomolok

A Quantitative Research

Presented to

The Faculty of the Senior High School Program

Notre Dame - Siena College of Polomolok

Polomolok South Cotabato

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Subject

Capstone Project

By:

Camille Millondaga

Keith Rose Mico Lictawa

Kenneth John Antiporta

Anthony Henzon Lim

 I

Introduction

Background and Setting of the study

It has been a great help for communication as time passes by. Since it was developed,
many people tend to spend more time on social media instead of studying or doing important
stuffs. Students spend most of the day scrolling and checking their accounts and notifications
instead of studying and spending time for the family and others.

A social networking service (also social networking site', SNS or social media) is an
online platform which people use to build social networks or social relations with other people
who share similar personal or career interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections. In
which, people communicate easier even if those people are far away from each other.

Social media is the collective of online communications channels dedicated to

community-based input, interaction, content-sharing and collaboration. Websites and
applications dedicated to forums, micro blogging, social networking, social bookmarking, social
duration, and wikis are among the different types of social media.

The popularity of the Internet has exploded in recent years, and social media wasn’t far
behind. Blogs were one of the first types of social media. They allowed anyone to state an
opinion, share experiences and spark conversations, all with anonymity. While they allowed
people to discuss topics, blogs lacked the interaction and chat capabilities that people truly
wanted. Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, Instagram, Google, Wikipedia, Pinterest and other more
social media sites that is prominent to the people today. Spending more time on their cellphones,
laptops and computer desks makes them lazy or may affect their everyday routine.

Facebook affects student’s academic performances that results to lower grades and focus
on studies (Othman, 2012). It is a popular free social networking website that allows registered
users to create profiles, upload photos and video, send messages and keep in touch with friends,
family and colleagues. According to statistics from the Nielsen Group, Internet users within the
United States spend more time on Facebook than any other website. There are lots of people
every day that are active and holds there phone most hours of the day. They may use it on their
leisure time, when they just arrived home from work or classes and in nay free time they may
have.

Today, Facebook is being used for important stuffs, such as business advertisements,
promotions, news, communication, entertainment, and personal engagement in an online space.
It makes communicating faster and easier. It serves to allow individual users to connect with
friends in a simple, shorthanded manner. On the other hand, has a clean and simple design. It's
easy to view pictures and read what's going on in people's lives.

Individuals enjoy Facebook because of its obvious social benefits. Facebook is popular
because it connects people around the globe. For some, it’s a quick and easy way to stay in touch
with their friends. Others think it is a great way to anonymously see what all their old classmates
from high school are doing now. Many others feel that it is a wonderful way to stay in touch with
family who are spread throughout the country, or even the world.

Lower productivity, lower attention span and ultimate distraction are the effects of
Facebook to a student (Ople, 2011). Facebook is popular because it connects people around the
globe. It’s a place where you can share what’s happening in your life with a single sentence. It’s
a place where businesses can find new customers and interact with their customers quickly and
easily. With twenty million new applications being added to Facebook every day, it’s clear that
this social giant is not going anywhere.

Some Children have difficulty in coping up with their lessons because they are more
focused on their social media account specifically Facebook, staying up all night scrolling and
spending more time on social media instead of studying, doing their home works and school
stuffs. Facebook makes a student to spent too much time browsing their accounts, getting wrong
information, and teaches multi-tasking (Parnala, 2012). Which the result of low or failure grades
of the students is obvious. Teens who have a strong Facebook presence may display
psychological disorders, such as anti-social behaviors, and mania & aggressive tendencies. An
anti-social child often does not consider the effects their actions have on others. This can be quite
dangerous, especially during the already-volatile teen years. Perhaps this should be termed the
anti-social media effect.

Middle and high school students, as well as college students, who checked their
Facebook once during the 15-minute study time, had lower test grades. Perhaps this is similar to
being a distracted driver. Those students who checked their Facebook most often also had the
lowest rates of reading retention.

As graduating students, Grade 12 STEM 1 of Notre Dame-Siena College of Polomolok

needs to attain high grades for them to be able to graduate in Senior High School and to achieve
their goal to proceed in college. The researcher embarks to conduct a study to determine the
effects of using Facebook on the academic performances of Grade 12 STEM 1 of Notre Dame-
Siena College of Polomolok.

Theoretical Framework

This study is anchored on the theory Effects of Using Facebook to the Academic
Performance of the students, from the statistics of the Nielsen Group, Ople, Othman and Parnala
(2011) which classifies the ultimate distraction and wrong information that is given by Facebook
to the student, which affects the time management and grades of a student to their academic
performances.

Conceptual Framework

The independent variable of the study is the effects of using Facebook. The dependent
variable is the academic performance. Figure 1, presents the conceptual framework.

Independent variable Dependent variable

The Effects of Using

Facebook

1. Ultimate Distraction
Academic Performance
2. Wrong information

3. Time management
 Figure 1: Conceptual Framework

Based on the conceptual framework presented, the independent variable is the effects of
using Facebook which are categorized by ultimate distraction, wrong information, time
management and grades. It shows the connection to the dependent variable that connotes the
academic performance. This study would like to emphasize the relationship of the independent
variable to the dependent variable.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to identify the effects of using Facebook to the Academic Performance of
Grade 12 STEM 1 students of Notre Dame Siena College of Polomolok.

Specifically it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What are the positive effects of using Facebook?

2. What are the negative effects of using Facebook?

3. Is there a significant relationship between Facebook and the respondents’ academic

performance?

Hypothesis of the Study

The researcher is expecting to have a result that there are positive effects to the academic
performance of the students in using Facebook and there are also negative effects. That there will
not be a significant relationship between Facebook and academic performance of the Grade 12-
STEM 1 students of Notre Dame-Siena College of Polomolok.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study will be focusing on determining the relationship of the effects of using
Facebook of the Grade 12 STEM 1 students of Notre Dame-Siena College of Polomolok with
their academic performance during the second semester, A.Y 2017-2018.
Significance of the Study

The researchers believe that the study will help the following individuals:

School Administrators. Upon knowing the different effects of using Facebook in students’
academic performance, it will be useful for the school administrators in assisting and developing
students who have troubles regarding their academic performance.

Teachers. The findings of this study will help them discover how Facebook can affect
their students’ academic performance. It will also enable them to know their weaknesses in
studying and teach them the proper etiquette of using Facebook.

Students. It is important for the students to better understand the effects of Facebook as a
student especially they are the main subject in this study. It will also help them manage their
studies more wisely and realize how to use Facebook properly.

Parents. This study is also important for the parents, it will help them discipline their
children in using social networking sites specifically Facebook, that will somehow improve their
parenting style and the academic performance of their child.

Researchers. Through this study, the researchers will gain confidence to encourage and
inspire other researcher to conduct further studies about the effect of using Facebook to the
academic performance of the students.

Other Researchers. The study will help them to develop and improve their study. Also,
it will serve as their guide in constructing a study.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are hereby defined as used in this study to have a clearer and better
understanding.

Social Media. Websites and computer programs that allow people to communicate and
share information on the internet using a computer or mobile phone.
 Facebook. It is a popular free social networking website that allows registered users to
create profiles, upload photos and video, send messages and keep in touch with friends, family
and colleagues.

Academic Performance. An educational institution, success is measured by academic

performance, or how well a student meets standards set out by local government and the
institution itself.

Internet. A massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. It connects

millions of computers together globally, forming a network in which any computer can
communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected to the Internet.

Social Networking. It is the practice of expanding the number of one's business and/or
social contacts by making connections through individuals, often through social media sites

Social Networking Sites. An online platform that allows users to create a public profile and
interact with other users on the website. Social networking sites usually have a new user input a list of
people with whom they share a connection and then allow the people on the list to confirm or deny the
connection.
 II

Review of Related Literature

Social-networking sites (SNS) are the latest online communication tool that allows users
to create a public or private profile to interact with people in their networks (Boyd & Ellison,
2008). Facebook, MySpace, Orkut, Cyworld, Bebo, Twitter and other social network sites are the
best examples of SNs that allow individuals to present themselves to other users using a variety
of formats; including text, video and chat services. These sites have become an increasingly
important part of young adult life (Gemmill & Peterson, 2006). Relative to the general
population, adolescents and young adults are the heaviest computer and Internet users, primarily
using it for completing school assignments (36%), e-mail and/or instant messaging (26%), and
playing computer games (38%) (DeBell & Chapman, 2006). SNS incorporate a list of other users
with whom individuals share a connection. But unlike any other web service, SNS allow
individuals to make visible their list of connections to others and to traverse their social networks
(Boyd & Ellison, 2007). Hence, more than virtual Lessons from Facebook communities born
online, SNS are usually online communities created and maintained to reflect offline
relationships.

SNS can be defined as web-based services that allow individuals to construct a public or
semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they
share a connection, and view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others
within the system (Boyd & Ellison, 2008,). Facebook was created by Mark Zuckerberg to help
residential college and university students to identify students in other residence halls. It is
described as “an online directory that connects people through social networks at colleges and
universities” (Zuckerberg, 2005). Websites such as MySpace and the more popular FB have
millions of registered users, with FB becoming the overwhelmingly more popular SNS
(comScore, 2009; Gonzalez, 2009).

extensive use of Facebook by students with extraverted personalities leads to poor academic
performance. However, students who are more self-regulated control their presence on these
platforms more effectively. Trust in people does not influence their presence and interaction on
the platform. Students’ cognitive absorption with Facebook is regulated only by their self-control
and personality traits, which determine how much time they spend on Facebook. Multitasking
skills moderate the effect of cognitive absorption on academic achievement, but they do not
impede the time spent, frequency, or nature of use or their effect on academic results. Although
students’ satisfaction with life significantly declines due to cognitive immersion with Facebook,
it does not play a role for students’ academic achievement. However, their performance goal
orientation is a crucial determinant of university accomplishments, which would limit the critical
effect of their presence on the Facebook platform.

Several studies examine the attraction and persuasive character of this online platform
and similar networking sites (e.g., Fogg and Iizawa, 2008), as well as the reasons that cause
people from all walks of life and age ranges to join this community or similar options. Many
people actively participate in content generation and value creation, and several researchers (e.g.,
Young et al., 2009; Vasalou et al., 2010) have examined their profiles to determine why and to
what extent they are keen on posting their entire identity, sharing pictures and videos, and
indicating their religious affiliations, marital status, and political orientations on the Internet.
These users interact with others, exchange information about their interests, raise discussions
about news topics, follow news about specific topics on Twitter, and enjoy sharing private videos
on YouTube. However, few studies examine the return on these investments in the networks,
whether for the companies for the individual users who post. Some studies suggest that these
platforms likely support social capitalization and increase interactions in a community of others
with common traits and interests, as demonstrated by Facebook (Burke et al., 2010; Ellison et al.,
2007, 2011; Ginger, 2007; Yoder and Stutsman, 2011).

Other exploratory studies (Canales et al., 2009; Karpinski and Duberstein, 2009) also
show that an extended presence on Facebook can have harmful effects on productivity and task
performance. Long hours spent on Facebook seem to decrease students’ academic performance
and thus their grades. Students spend an average of 30–35 minutes per day surfing Facebook
(Schulten, 2009b); students note that they actually spend only 3–4 minutes on each visit to check
updates but make several visits a day. Others acknowledge spending up to 8 hours a day on the
website. Even though they consider the website distracting and time consuming, these students
note that they cannot quit visiting it, because they like it and use it to keep in contact with their
friends and family, whether they encounter them every day or not (Facebook, 2011, Adan, 2011).
Some people recognize that they “have outsourced their social life exclusively to Facebook”
(Schulten, 2009a, p.1) or not feeling that using Facebook means allowing this application to take
over their daily lives, which leads them to reject the platform. However, some users assert that
they have become more organized since putting their profile on Facebook, primarily with regard
to contact management and information sharing (Schulten, 2009b). A recent study also questions
the assumed negative effects of Facebook usage on students’ academic achievements and
suggests instead that this interdependency is moderated significantly by students’ interest in the
university and multitasking capabilities (Rouis, 2012).

In the paper entitled "The influence of social networking sites on students' academic
performance in Malaysia" by Adam Mahamat Helou and Nor Za irah Ab. Rahim, they tried to
study the students' perceptions on the use of social networking sites and its influence on their
academic performance. They found most of the respondents do feel that the SNSs have more
positive impact on their academic performance due to its use for various academic activities such
as communicating with the faculty and university authority, communicating with lecturers and
supervisors, making academic discussion with classmates and chatting with friends in respect to
topics of educational interest.

In the paper "The relationship between Facebook usage and academic performance" - A
study at Ohio state University by Aryn Karpinski and Adam Duberstein (Ohio Dominican
University) found that Facebook usage was associated with lower GPAs, and less time studying.
Those who use Facebook tended to have lower GPAs than those who did not, and it appears from
the slew of articles written about it, that within the group that used Facebook that more usage
was associated with lower GPAs and less time studying.

A study on "The Benefits of Facebook ''Friends:'' Social Capital and College Students'
Use of Online Social Network Sites" by Nicole B. Ellison, Charles Steinfield and Cliff Lampe
examines the relationship between use of Facebook, a popular online social network site, and the
formation and maintenance of social capital. The study suggested a strong association between
use of Facebook and the three types of social capital, with the strongest relationship being to
bridging social capital.
 III

Research Methodology

Research Design

Research Locale

This study was conducted in Bayan Sr. street, Poblacion, Polomolok, South Cotabato particularly
in Notre Dame-Siena College of Polomolok. A school that serves quality education that
promotes academic proficiency and values that makes a student be disciplined and be developed
for the community.

Research Instrument

The researcher was used a questionnaire with survey questions in the effects of using Facebook
to the academic performance from the statistics of the Nielsen Group, Ople, Othman and Parnala
(2011) namely: Ultimate Distraction, Wrong information and Time management.