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REVERSE OSMOSIS PLANT REPORT

2019

ALI HASSAN RAZA

INTERNEE
INTERLOOP PVT LTD
Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a water treatment process that removes contaminants from water by
using pressure to force water molecules through a semipermeable membrane. During this
process, the contaminants are filtered out and flushed away, leaving clean water.
Working of RO (Reverse Osmosis):
Reverse Osmosis works by using a high pressure pump to increase the pressure on the salt side
of the RO and force the water across the semi-permeable RO membrane, leaving almost all
(around 95% to 99%) of dissolved salts behind in the reject stream. The amount of required
pressure depends on the salt concentration of the feed water. The more concentrated the feed
water, the more pressure is required to overcome the osmotic pressure.

At the facility, well water was first pumped from the ground to a large outside storage tank.
The source water then entered the pretreatment system, a multimedia filter (MMF), which
reduced the level of suspended solids (turbidity, or small particles) in incoming feed water.
MMF automatically start backwash after an hour for 15 minutes to cleanup the filters during
this process feed valves remain close Permeate is flushed through the feed water side of the
system under pressure. When backward flush is applied the pores of a membrane are flushed
inside out. After the multimedia filtration, the water was fed to the system, where it was
chemically treated to meet the operating conditions for each test. There were 3 chemical pumps
at the back of the equipment. One of them, which was always turned on, was used to add
antiscalant (polyethylene 3.5L/h) to the system. The other two pumps were used to add
bisulfate (composite polyamide 3.1mg/L to retain the membranes wet and stop the bacterial
growth) and chlorine to the feedwater as needed. After chemicals were added to the feedwater,
it was named as the inlet stream and was fed to the membranes. The inlet passed through a 5-
μm cartridge filters that protected the membranes from fine suspended particles. After leaving
this stage, the inlet stream entered a positive displacement pump, which pumped the feedwater
to the first set of pressure vessels. There were six pressure vessels divided into four sets. Each
pressure vessel was holding six membrane elements inside. The total concentrate coming out

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of the first set was routed as a feed to the pressure vessels of the second set. The concentrate
leaving the last membrane element housing flowed to the concentrate outlet. The permeate
stream also left each of the housings, and was collected into a common manifold. RO water
collected in a storage tank further supplied by three primary pumps.
Maintenance of Reverse Osmosis (RO) Plant:
Besides periodical cleaning of RO membrane, the maintenance and servicing of the Reverse
Osmosis (RO) Plant take place after the period of 1 month. The maintenance period decide by
the differential pressure, when it reached at a threshold value alarm will start. The RO
maintenance is consisting of following:
1. Micron Filter replaced during every servicing.
2. Cleaning of Sand filter.
3. Cleaning of Activated Carbon Filter
4. Antiscaling dosing chemical (As per requirement)
5. Raw water pump (Checking/servicing, if required)
6. R.O. Membrane (Checking/ Replacement, if required)
7. High pressure pump (Checking/servicing, if required)
8. Checking of flow rate of membrane & TDS on site

Design Criteria RAW Water Parameters

Raw Water Source Well Water
Parameter Units Value
Conductivity µS/cm 3392
Total Dissolve Solids mg/L 2035
Total Hardness mg/L CaCO3 360
PH - 7.2
Design Water Temperature ֩ C 25-35

RO Design Production Criteria

RO Feed Water Flow 20m3/h
RO Feed Product Flow 15m3/h
RO unit Recovery 75%
RO Product Water TDS @25C֩ <80 mg/L
RO Product Water TDS @35C֩ <100 mg/L

Equipment Technical Data

Equipment Description Quantity Capacity Others
RAW WATER TANK
RAW Water Tank 1Duty
Level Switch 1Duty
SYSTEM FEED PUMPS
System Feed Pumps 1Duty/ 1standby 20 m3/h @4bar
or backwash

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AUTOMATC MULTI-MEDIA FILTRATION SYSTEM-Timer Controlled
Automatic Multi-Media 1Duty 20 m3/h Filtration velocity
Filtration Unit 16.8m/h
Backwash velocity 35
m3/h
Tank 1Duty
Media/Tank 450kg Gravel, 250kg Sand, 234kg Anthracite
Automatic Valve 5
Control Panel PLC + Solenoid Panel
AUTOMATIC ANTISCALENT DOSING UNIT
Dosing Pump 1Duty 3.5L/h@5bar
Dosing Tank 1Duty 100L Polyethylene
Low Level Switch 1Duty
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
Reverse Osmosis System 1Duty 15m3/h TFK450
Cartridge Filter 1Duty HSS48 5micron cartridge
High Pressure Pump 1Duty 20m3/h
@10bar@35C
Membranes 18Duty 8”Dia; 40”Length
Membrane Vessels 3Duty 6Duty membrane for one
vessel
Control Panel PLC Siemens S7 1200 & Operator Panel
MEMBRANE CLEANINIG & FLUSHING SYSYTEM
Membrane Cleaning and 1Duty
Flushing System
Cleaning Pump 1Duty 18m3/h@4bar
PRODUCT WATER TANK
Product Water Tank 1Duty 40m3
PRODUCT TRANSFER PUMPS
Product Transfer Pumps 3Duty 10m3/h@4bar
each
Frequency Drives, VFD 3Duty
VENDOR LIST
PUMPS & DOSING PUMPS
System Feed Pumps Lowara, Grundfos
High Pressure Pump
Chemical Dosing Pump Seko
PRE TREATMENT UNIT
Automatic Multimedia Filter Aquamatch
Automatic Activated Carbon Filter
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
Cartridge Filter Aquamatch
Membranes Hydranautics
Membrane Vessels Rop-v
CONTROL PANEL
PLC & Operation Panel Siemens

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 POWER CONSUMPTION TABLE
EQUIPMENTS TOTAL INSTALLED TOTAL INSTALLED
QUANTITY POWER (kw) POWER (kw)
Dosing Units 3 25kw 75kw
System Feed Pumps 2 4kw 8kw
RO High Pressure Pump 1 18.5kw 18.5kw
Membrane Cleaning Pump 1 4kw 4kw
Product Transfer Pumps 3 1.8kw 5.4kw
TOTAL INSTALLED POWER 42KW

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