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1 At absolute zero
Option 1 All substance exist in solid form
Option 2 Molecular motion ceases
Option 3 Water becomes
Option 4 None of the above
Correct Answer 2
Explanation As T = OK i.e. absolute zero
3
K.E of molecules = Kb T = 0
2
So molecular motion ceases
Q. No. 3 The graph between two temperature scales A and B is shown in figure.
Between upper fixed point and lower fixed point, there are 150 equal divisions on
scale A and 100 on scale B. The relationship for conversion between the two scales is
given by:
Option 1 t A 180 tB
=
100 150
Option 2 t A 30 tB
=
150 100
Option 3 tB 180 tB
=
150 100
Option 4 tB 40 t A
=
100 180
Correct Answer 2
Explanation tA t A L tB tB L
=
tA H tA L tB H tB L
? tA L
= 180 150 = 300 C ; tB L
= 00 C
tA H
= 180 0 C ; tB H
= 100 0 C
t A 30 t 0
? = B
180 30 100 0
t A 30 tB
=
150 100
Q. No. 5 What should be the lengths of steel and copper roads at 0 0C so that the length of the
steel rod is 5 cm longer than the copper rod at any temperature?
D steel = 1.1 u 105 0C1 and
D copper = 1.7 u 105 0C1
Option 1 14.17cm, 9.17 cm
Option 2 9.17cm, 14.17 cm
Option 3 28.34 cm, 18.34 cm
Option 4 14.17 cm, 18.34 cm
Correct Answer 1
Explanation Let length of copper and steel rods be lcu and lsteel
lsteel lcu = 5 ……………(1)
At any temperature T,
'lcu = 5 lcuD cu 'T =lcu D cu T 0
'lsteel = lsteel Dsteel'T =lsteel D steel T 0
'lcu = lcu Dcu T
'lsteel = lsteel Dsteel T
For constant difference in length, change in length must be same at all temperature.
'lsteel = 'lcu
lsteel = D steel T =l cu D cu T
lsteel u 1.1 u 10 5 = lcu u 1.7 u 10 5
11 lsteel =17 lcu ...... (2)
From equation (1) and (2)
lsteel = 14.17 cm
lcu = 9.17 cm
Q. No. 6 Two metal rods A and B are having their initial length in the ratio 2 : 3 and the co
efficient of liner expansion in the ratio 3 : 4. When they ratio of their liner or expansion
is
Option 1 3:4
Option 2 1:2
Option 3 2:3
Option 4 4:3
Correct Answer 2
Explanation 'lA 2 'l A 3
= ; =
'lB 3 'lB 4
'lA lA D A 'T § lA ·§ D A · 2 3
= = ¨ ¸¨ ¸ = u = ): 2
'lB lB DB 'T © lB ¹© DB ¹ 3 4
Q. No. 7 A bimetallic is made of two strips A and B having coefficient liner expansion
D Α and DΒ . D Α DΒ , then on heating the strip will
Option 1 Bend with A on outer side
Option 2 Bend with B on outer side
Option 3 Not bend at all
Option 4 None of these
Correct Answer 2
Explanation
Q. No. 9 Two roads of different materials having coefficients of thermal expansion D1 and D2
and Young’s moduli Y1 and Y2 respectively are fixed between two rigid massive walls.
The rods are heated such that theses undergo the same increase in temperature.
There is no bending of the rods.
If D1 : D2 = 2: 3, the thermal stress developed in the two rods are equal, provided Y 1 :
Y2 is
Option 1 2:3
Option 2 1:1
Option 3 3:2
Option 4 4:9
Correct Answer 3
Explanation V1 = V 2
'l 'l
Y1 1 = Y2 2
l1 l2
Y1 x D1 'T = Y2 x Y2 'T
Y1 D2 3
= = = 3: 2
Y2 D1 2
Q. No. 10 The radius of a metal sphere at room temperature T is R, and the coefficient of liner
expansion of the metal is D . The sphere is heated a little by a temperature 'T so that
its new temperature is T + 'T . The increase in the volume of the sphere is
approximately:
Option 1 2SR D'T
Option 2 SR2 D'T
Option 3 SR3 D'T / 3
Option 4 SR3 D' T
Correct Answer 4
Explanation 4
V = SR3
3
'V 'R
=3
V R
'V = 3D 'T u V
4
'V = 3D 'T u SR3
3
'V = 4SR3D'Τ
Q. No. 11 Which of the following qualities are best suited for a cooking utensil
Option 1 High specific heat and low thermal conductivity
Option 2 High specific heat and high thermal conductivity
Option 3 Low specific heat and low thermal conductivity
Option 4 Low specific heat and high thermal conductivity
Correct Answer 4
Explanation 'Q 'T
Eat flow: = KA
't 'x
'Q
Heat flow : DK
't
Heat absorbed : 'Q = ms 'Τ
For cooking heat flow must be higher than heat absorbed so K must be high and s must
be low for cooking.
Q. No. 13 Liquids at temperature 600 C and 200 C, respectively, have mass ratio 3 : 4 and their
specific heats in the ratio 4 : 5. If the two liquid mixed, the resultant temperature
Option 1 700C
Option 2 00C
Option 3 350C
Option 4 400C
Correct Answer 3
Explanation Let us consider final temperature is T.
Heat given = Heat taken
m1s1 'T1 = m2 s2 'T2
m1 S1
u 60 T = T 20
m2 S2
3 4
u 60 T = T 20
4 5
180 3T = 5T 100
8T =2800 C
T = 350 C
Q. No. 14 Three copper blocks of masses M1, M2 and M3 kg, respectively are brought into
thermal contact till they reach equilibrium. Before contact, they were at temperature
T1, T2, T3 T1 ! T2 ! T3 . Assuming there is no heat loss to the surroundings, the
equilibrium temperature T is:
Option 1 T +T +T
T= 1 2 3 .
3
Option 2 M T + M2 T2 + M3 T3
T= 1 1
M1 +M2 + M3
Option 3 M1 T1 + M2 T2 +M3 T3
T=
3 M1 +M2 + M3
Option 4 M1 T1S +M2 T2 S + M3 T3 S
T=
M1 +M2 +M3
Correct Answer 2
Explanation Q' system = 0
' Q 1 + ' Q 2 + 'Q 3 = 0
M1S T T1 +M2 S T T2 + M3 S T T3 = 0
M1 T M1 T1 +M2 T M2 T2 + M3 T M3 T3 = 0
M T + M2 T2 + M3 T3
T= 1 1
M1 +M2 + M3
Q. No. 15 If m is the mass, T is temp. and ‘s’ is specific heat, then thermal capacity K is given by
Option 1 Κ = ms T
Option 2 Κ = mT
Option 3 ms
Κ=
T
Option 4 K = ms
Correct Answer 4
Explanation 'Q
= ms'T
't
'Q A' T
=K
't 'x
K = ms
Q. No. 17 Equal masses of two liquids A and B contained in vessels of neglible heat capacity are
supplied heat at the same rate. The (temperature vs time) graphs for the two liquids
are shown in figure. If S represent specific heat and L represent latent heat of liquid,
then
Option 1 S A ! SB ;L A LB
Option 2 S A ! SB ;L A ! LB
Option 3 S A SB ;L A LB
Option 4 S A SB ;L A ! LB
Correct Answer 4
Explanation Q
Q = mL L = for constant Temperature ; rate of low of heat in A is large than B.
m
Q
Q = msdT S = for same time dTA ! dTB SA SB
mdT
Q. No. 18 An idea gas undergoes cyclic process ABCD as showing given PV diagram
Option 1 Positive
Option 2 Negative
Option 3 Zero
Option 4 Cannot say
Correct Answer 2
Explanation WABCD = WABC + WCDA
? WABCD > WCDA As area under the graph ABC islarger than under CDA
WABC is negative as it is compression and WCDA is positive as it is expansion.
So WABCDA will be negative.
Q. No. 21 A perfect gas is filled at same temperature in three containers of volume V, V/2 and
M/4. If the respective masses of the gas are M, M/2 and M.4, the pressures exerted on
the walls of three containers are
Option 1 Unequal and maximum in the container of the largest volume
Option 2 Unequal and maximum in the container of the largest
Option 3 Equal in all the three cases
Option 4 Equal in the two containers
Correct Answer 3
Explanation PV = mrT
MRT
For 1st container PV = MRT P =
V
V M MRT
For 2nd container P = RT P =
2 2 V
V M MRT
For 3 container P = RT P =
rd
4 4 V
Q. No. 24 A given system undergoes a change in which work done by the system equals the
decrease in its internal energy.
The system must have undergone
Option 1 Isothermal change
Option 2 Adiabatic change
Option 3 Isobaric change
Option 4 Isochoric change
Correct Answer 2
Explanation dQ = dU+ dW
If dW = dU
Then 'Q = Cons tant. Hence process will be adiabatic.
Q. No. 25 The increase internal energy of a gas per unit mass per unit rise in temperature is
equal to
Option 1 Cp
Option 2 Cp + Cv
Option 3 Cp Cv
Option 4 Cv
Correct Answer 4
Explanation dU= mcudT
dU
cu =
mdT
For m = 1 kg and dT = 10C
dU= Cu
Q. No. 26 For hydrogen, Cp = 3400 cal/Kg. K, cv = 2400 cal/Kg/K, R = 8400 J/k mole .K. If the
molecular weight of H2 is 2, the value of J is
Option 1 4.1 J/cal
Option 2 4.18 J/cal
Option 3 4.2 J/cal
Option 4 4.3 J/cal
Correct Answer 3
Explanation Cp Cu = R
MCP MCu =R
2 u 3400 2 u 2400 Cal = 8400J
8400 J
IJ = = 4.2J / cal
2000 Cal
Q. No. 27 The difference between two principal specific heats of nitrogen is 3000 J/ kg. K and
ratio of the two specific heats is 1.4.cp is
Option 1 1050 J/kg. K
Option 2 750 J/kg. K
Option 3 650 J/kg. K
Option 4 150 J/ kg. K
Correct Answer 3
Explanation Cp Cu = 300 (as it is in J/ kg. k so it is principal specific heat)
Cp
= 1.4
Cu
Cp
Cp = 300
1.4
300 u 1.4
Cp = 1050 J /kg K
0.4
Q. No. 28 The density of a gas is 6 u 10 2 kg / m3 and the RMS velocity of the gas molecules is 500
m/s. The pressure exerted by the gas on the walls of the vessel is
Option 1 5 u 103 N/ m2
Option 2 0.83u 104 N/m2
Option 3 1.2 u 104 N/ m2
Option 4 30N / m2
Correct Answer 1
Explanation 3P
Vrms =
P
3u P
500 =
6 u 10 2
250000 u 6 u 10 2
P= = 5 u 103 M / m2
3
Q. No. 29 If the pressure of the gas is double at constant volume and mass, the frequency of
collision of the molecules with the walls of a containers will
Option 1 Not change
Option 2 Increases four times
Option 3 Be doubled
Option 4 Increase by 2 time
Correct Answer 4
Explanation V'rms = 2 V'rms
1 1 V' 2 V'rms
f '= = = rms = = 2u f
t S / V'rms S S
Q. No. 30 A cubic vessel (with faces horizontal + vertical) contains an ideal gas at NTP. The vessel
is being carried by rocket which is moving at a speed of 500m/s in vertical direction.
The pressure of the gas inside the vessel as observed by us on the ground:
Option 1 Remains the same because 500 m/s very much smaller than V rms of the gas
Option 2 Remains the same because motion of the vessel as a whole does not affect the relative
motion of the gas molecules and the walls
Option 3 Will increase by a factor equal to ª V 2rms + 500 º / V 2rms , where Vrms was the original
2
¬ ¼
mean square velocity of the gas
Option 4 Will be different on the top wall and bottom wall of the vessel
Correct Answer 2
Explanation Vrms will remain same
Q. No. 31 1 mole of an ideal gas is contained in a cubical vessel, ABCDEFGH at 300 K, figure.
One face (FFGH) of the vessel is made up of a material which totally absorbs any gas
molecule incident on it. At any given time:
Option 1 The pressure on EFGH would be zero
Option 2 The pressure on all the faces will be equal
Option 3 The pressure on EFGH would be double the pressure on ABCD
Option 4 The pressure on EFGH would be half that on ABCD
Correct Answer 4
Explanation F dP
P= =
A dt u A
Let P1 is incident momentum on each wall. Then at ABCD
2P1 P
P= and at EFGH P = 1
dt u A dt u A
Q. No. 32 The mean free path of a gas molecule at 270C is 2cm. If the rms velocity of the gas at
that temperature is 10 m/s, what is the time interval between two successive
collisions?
Option 1 1
s
5
Option 2 1
s
500
Option 3 1
s
50
Option 4 1
s
250
Correct Answer 2
Explanation mean free path O
t=
Vrms
2cm 1
t= = s
10m / s 500
Q. No. 34 Four molecules of speed 2 km/s, 3/km/s, 4km/s and 5 km/s. The RMS speed of these
molecules in km/s/ is
Option 1 54
4
Option 2 3.5
Option 3 54
2
Option 4 3 3
Correct Answer 3
Explanation V12 + V22 + V32 + V42
Vrms =
4
4 + 9 +16 + 25 54
= =
4 4
54
Vrms = m/s
2
Q. No. 35 Two gases are at absolute temperature 300 K and 350 K respectively. The ratio of
average kinetic energies of their molecules is
Option 1 3.5
3
Option 2 3
3.5
Option 3 6:7
Option 4 36 : 49
Correct Answer 3
Explanation E1 T1 300 6
= = =
E2 T2 350 7
Q. No. 36 A sample of oxygen and a sample of hydrogen have the same mass, volume and
pressure. The ratio of their absolute temperature is
Option 1 1/4
Option 2 1/16
Option 3 4
Option 4 16
Correct Answer 4
Explanation m
PV = RT1
m1
m
PV = RT2
M2
T1 M1 32
= = = 16
T2 M2 2
PV J = Constant
dp.V J PJ dv.V J 1 = constant
dP P
= J
dV V
Q. No. 37 The slopes of the isothermal and adiabatic curves are related as:
Q. No. 38 At 270 C, a gas compressed suddenly such that its pressure becomes (1/8)th of original
pressure. Final temperature will be J = 5 / 3
Option 1 420 K
Option 2 300 K
Option 3 1420C
Option 4 3270C
Correct Answer 3
Explanation T2 § P2 · J 1
=¨ ¸
T1 © P1 ¹ J
5
1
3
§ P · 5/3
T2 = T1 ¨ 1 ¸
© 8 u P1 ¹
2/3
§ 1 · 5/3
T2 = T1 ¨ ¸
©8¹
§ ·
¨ 1 ¸
T2 = T1 ¨ ¸
¨ 23 u 2 ¸
© 5¹
T 300
T2 = 6/5 = 6/5
2 2
0
T2 = 142 C
Q. No. 39 In an adiabatic change, the pressure P and temperature T of a diatomic gas are related
by the relation P v TC , where c is equal to:
Option 1 5/3
Option 2 2/5
Option 3 3/5
Option 4 7/2
Correct Answer 4
Explanation J
Pv T
J 1
P v Tc
J
C=
J 1
For J =
5
For diatomic J =
2
7/5 7
C= 1
=
7/5 2
Q. No. 40 An ideal gas undergoes four different processes from the same initial state, figure.
Four processes are adiabatic, isothermal isobaric and isochoric. Out of 1, 2, 3 and 4
which one is adiabatic?
Option 1 4
Option 2 3
Option 3 2
Option 4 1
Correct Answer 3
Explanation Negative slope for adiabatic process is larger than isothermal.
Q. No. 42 Consider two containers A and B congaing identical gases at the same pressure,
volume and temperature. The gas in container A is compressed to half of its original
volume isothermally while the gas in container B is compressed to half of its original
value adiabatically. The radio of final pressure of gas in B to that of gas in A is:
Option 1 2J 1
Option 2 J 1
§1·
¨ ¸
©2¹
Option 3 J 1
§ 1 ·
¨ ¸
© 1 J ¹
Option 4 2
§ 1 ·
¨ ¸
© 1 J ¹
Correct Answer 3
Explanation V n P p , T = Constant, from 1 to 2 in curve (iii) P p from 1 to 2 .
Q. No. 43 A and B are two adiabatic curves for two different gases. Then A and B correspond to
Option 1 Ar and He resp.
Option 2 He and H2 resp.
Option 3 O2 and H2 resp.
Option 4 H2 and He resp.
Correct Answer 4
Explanation dP P
For adiabatic; =J
dV V
|slope| v J
§ 7 ·
|Slope of B| ! |slope of A| J B ! J A ; Thus A and B correspond to H2 ¨ J = = 1.4 ¸
© 5 ¹
§ 5 ·
and He ¨ J = = 1.66 ¸
© 3 ¹
Q. No. 45 Starting with the same initial conditions, an ideal gas expands from volume V 1 to V2 in
three difference ways. The work done by the gas is W 1 if process is isothermal, W2 If
isobaric and W3 if adiabatic. Then,
Option 1 W2 ! W1 ! W3
Option 2 W2 ! W3 ! W1
Option 3 W1 ! W2 ! W3
Option 4 W1 = W2 = W3
Correct Answer 1
Explanation
The work done equal to area under the curve. Hence W2 > W1 > W3 .
Q. No. 46 One mole of an ideal gas requires 207heat to raise the temperature by 10 K, when
heated at constant pressure. If the same gas is heated at constant volume to raise the
temperature by 10K, then heat requited is (R = 8.3 J/ mol.K)
Option 1 12.4J
Option 2 290 J
Option 3 124 J
Option 4 29 J
Correct Answer 3
Explanation 'Q = nCPdT
207 = 1 u CP u 10
CP = 20.7 J / mol / K
CP = Cp R CP = 20.7 8.3 = 12.4 J /mol / K
'Q = ncPdT = 1 u 12.4 u 10 = 124 J
Q. No. 47 One mole of an ideal gas at an initial temperature of TK does 6R joule of work
adiabatically ratio of specific heats of this gas at constant pressure and at constant
volume is 5/3, the final temperature of the gas will be
Option 1 T+4 K
Option 2 T 4 K
Option 3 T + 2.4 K
Option 4 T 2.4 K
Correct Answer 2
Explanation n = 1 Ti = Tk , w = 6 R Joule
C 5
J= P = Tf = ?
CQ 3
nR Tf Ti
w=
1 J
1 u R Tf Ti
6R =
5
1
3
Tf = T 4 K
Q. No. 48 If pressure and temperature of an ideal gas are double and volume is halved, the
number of molecules of the gas
Option 1 become half
Option 2 become 4 times
Option 3 become two times
Option 4 remain constant
Correct Answer 1
Explanation PV = nRT
§V·
2P u ¨ ¸ = n1 R u 2T
©2¹
n1
=2
n
n1 = 2n
Q. No. 50 An air sample consists of 78 % N2 and 22 % oxygen. The values of Cv for N2 and is 0.2
kcal/kg/K and 0.15 kcal/kg/K. Heat requited to rasie the temperature of 1 kh of air
through 10 C is
Option 1 0.350 cal
Option 2 0.186 kcal
Option 3 0.350 kcal
Option 4 0.189 cal
Correct Answer 4
Explanation dQ = dU+ dW
? dW = 0 'V = 0
dQ = dU= nCP dT
n n1CV1 +n2C V2
dQ = dT
n1 + n2
n 0.78 u 0.2 0.22 u 0.15
dQ = 1
n
dQ = 0.189 kcal
Q. No. 51 By what percentage should the pressure of a given mass of a gas increased so as to
decrease its volume by 10 % at a constant temperature?
Option 1 8.1 %
Option 2 10.1 %
Option 3 9.1 %
Option 4 11.1 %
Correct Answer 4
Explanation P1V1 = P2P2
V2 = V 100 u 10 = 0.9V
Q. No. 52 A cylinder containing an ideal gas is in vertical position and has piston of mass M that
is able to move up or down without friction, figure. If the temperature is increased.
Q. No. 54 Two metal rods A and B of equal lengths and equal cross sectional area are joined end
toend. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of A and B are in ratio 2 : 3. When the
free end of A is maintained at 1000 C and the free end of B is maintained at 00 C, the
temperature of the junction is
Option 1 300C
Option 2 400C
Option 3 500C
Option 4 600C
Correct Answer 2
Explanation Let temperature of the junction be T.
'K1 :K2 = 2: 3
'Q K1 A 100 T K A T 0
= = 2
't L L
K1
= 100 T = T
K2
2
= 100 T = T
3
200 2T = 3T
5T = 200
T = 400 C
Q. No. 56 Two metallic plates of equal thickness and thermal conductivities k1 and k2 are put
together face to face and a common plate is constructed, figure. The equivalent
thermal conductivity will be.
Option 1 k1k 2
k1 +k2
Option 2 2k1k2
k1 +k2
Option 3 k1 +k 2
2
Option 4 3/2
k12 + k22
2k1k2
Correct Answer 2
Explanation
l l
= R1 = R2
K1 A K2 A
Req = R1 +R2
2l l l
A= +
Keq K1 A K 2 A
2 l l
A= +
Keq K1 K2
2k k
Keq = 1 2
K1 + K2
Q. No. 57 Two metallic plates of equal lengths and thermal conductivities k 1 and k2 are put
together such that their ends coincide. If their crosssectional areas are the same, then
the equivalent thermal conductivity of the combination will be:
Option 1 k1k 2
k1 +k2
Option 2 2k1k2
k1 +k2
Option 3 k1 +k 2
2
Option 4 k1k2
Correct Answer 3
Explanation
1 1 1
= +
Req R1 R2
2 KeA K1 A K2 A
= +
l l l
2 Keq = K1 +K2
K +K
Keq = 1 2
2
Q. No. 58 A sphere, a cube and a circular plate, all od same material and same mass, are initially
heated to same high temperature. Choose the correct statement.
Option 1 The plate will cool fastest and cube the slowest.
Option 2 The sphere will cool fastest and cube the slowest.
Option 3 The plate will cool fastest and sphere the slowest.
Option 4 The cube will cool fastest and plate the slowest.
Correct Answer 3
Explanation For same mass and density, surface area of plate will be largest and surface area of
sphere will be smallest. As more surface area more rate of cooling.
Q. No. 61 Boltzmann’s constant k = 1.38 u 10 23 J / K . The energy associated with helium atom at
the surface of sum, where surface temperature is 6000 K is
Option 1 1.242 u 10 19 J
Option 2 2.484 u 1019 J
Option 3 207 u 10 19 J
Option 4 0.621 u 10 19 J
Correct Answer 1
Explanation 3 3
E= KT = u 1.38 u 10 23 u 6000
2 2
= 1.242 u 1019 J
Q. No. 62 Two circular discs A and B with equal radii are blackened. They are heated to same
temperature and then cooled under identical conditions. What inference do you draw
from their cooling curves as shown in figure?
Q. No. 63 A bucket full of hot water is kept in a room and it cools from 750 C to 750 C in T1
minutes, from 650 C in T2 minutes and from 60 0 C in T3 minutes then
Option 1 T1 = T2 = T3
Option 2 T1 < T2 > T3
Option 3 T1 > T2 > T3
Option 4 T1 < T2 < T3
Correct Answer 4
Explanation Time of cooling decrease with decrease in temperature
Q. No. 64 The temperature of coffee in a cup with time is most likely given by the curve in figure.
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4
Correct Answer 3
Explanation In convection
dQ
v T2 T1
dt
1
dT v
t
Q. No. 65 A block of steel heated to 1000 C is left in a room to cool. Which of the curves shown in
the figure represent the decrease of temperature with time?
Option 1 A
Option 2 B
Option 3 C
Option 4 D
Correct Answer 1
Explanation 1
dT v
t
Q. No. 66 A body cools from 500 C to 460 C in 5 minutes and to 400 C in e next 10 minutes. The
surrounding temperature is:
Option 1 300 C
Option 2 280 C
Option 3 360 C
Option 4 320 C
Correct Answer 2
Explanation msdT1
=K TAV1 TS
t1
ms u 4
=K 48 TS ......(1)
5
msdT2
=K TAV2 TS
t2
ms u 6
=K 43 TS ......(2)
10
TS = 280C
Q. No. 68 If the rate of charge of temperature of 0.20C/min and excess temperature of a body
over surrounding is 200 C, the constant of proportionally is
Option 1 0.1
Option 2 0.01
Option 3 1
Option 4 0.001
Correct Answer 2
Explanation dT
v K T T0
dt
dT
= K T T0
dt
dT / dt 0.20 C / min
K= = = 0.01 / min
T T0 200 C
³ ³
dQ
= Kdt
T T0
log T T 0 = Kt + C