Mathematics 54 WFQ2 & WFV2 Exercises (Motion in Space)

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1. A particle moves such that its position vector at any t is R(t). Use the given information to find the position and
velocity vectors of the particle at any t.
(a) A(t) ~ (0) = k̂, R(0)
~ = sin t ı̂ + cos t ̂ + et k̂, V ~ = −ı̂ + k̂
~
(b) A(t) = (t + 1) ̂ − e
−2 −2t ~ ~
k̂, V (0) = 3 ı̂ − ̂, R(0) = 2k̂
2. Find the displacement vector and the distance traveled by a moving particle with the given position vector over the
indicated time interval.
√
~
(a) R(t) = het , e−t , 2 ti, 0 ≤ t ≤ ln 3
~
(b) R(t) = hcos 2t, (1 − cos 2t), (3 + 1 cos 2t)i, 0 ≤ t ≤ π
2

3. Find the tangential and normal components of acceleration of a moving particle with the given conditions at the
indicated value of t.
~
(a) position vector R(t) = 3 sin t ı̂ + 2 sin t ̂ − sin 2t k̂, t =
π
2
(b) t = 1, V~ (1) = h2, 2, 1i, A(1)
~ = h1, 0, 2i
2 √
(c) t = 1, κ(1) = , V (1) = 5, kA(1)k~ = 5
25
4. A particle moves such that its velocity vector at any time t is
~ (t) = 2 ı̂ + (−4 + tan t) ̂ + (t2 − t + 4) k̂.
V

At t = 0, the particle is at the point (−3, 0, 1). Find:

~
(a) the position vector R(t) of the particle at any t;
(b) the tangential and normal components of acceleration of the particle at t = 0.
5. A particle moves such that its velocity vector at any time t is
2
V~ (t) = cosh(t − 1) − t ı̂ + (1 − t2 ) ̂ + (2t + 4) k̂.


3

At t = 1, the particle is at the point (0, 1, 5). Find:

~
(a) the position vector R(t) of the particle at any t;
(b) the tangential and normal components of acceleration of the particle at t = 1.
6. A shell is fired from ground level with a muzzle speed of 320 ft/s and elevation angle of 60◦ . Assume that the
acceleration due to gravity g is 32 ft/s2 . Find:
(a) a vector equation for the shell’s trajectory;
(b) the maximum height reached by the shell;
(c) the horizontal distance traveled by the shell.
√
7. A projectile is fired from the ground at an angle of elevation of 30◦ . Its range is 45 3 m. Assume that the acceleration
due to gravity g is 10 m/s2 . Find the initial speed of the projectile.
8. A projectile is fired from the ground with an initial speed of 50 m/s. Its range is 250 m. Assume that the acceleration
due to gravity g is 10 m/s2 . Find the angle of elevation at which the projectile is fired.