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Company 4000
Deliveries by units
3500
3000
2500
- Manufacturer of Plate and Shell heat 2000
1500 Deliveries by units
exchangers (PSHE) 1000
500
- Established in 1990 0
- Privately owned
- Subsidiary companies in UK, Germany, USA
and China
Deliveries by industry
- Over 95% products exported from Finland
- Over 50 000 units in operation worldwide Refrigeration
20 %
- Yearly ~2000 units installed to Industrial Energy
19 % 61 %
Refrigeration or Liquefied Gas plants
Chemical and
process
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Vahterus Product
- Fully welded plate and shell heat exchangers
- Circular plates inside round shell
- Plates are automatically fully welded to each
others
- Heat transfer happends in corrugated plate
channels à highly turbulent flow
- Shell around the plates protects the
environement from any possible leaks
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Content
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Household, Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration
Household Refrigeration:
- Heat is transferred from refrigerant to air, very simple systems and small volumes
Commercial Refrigeration:
- Capacities up to 200kW
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Household, Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration
Industrial Refrigeration
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Used Refrigerants Type
CFC
R-number
12
GWP
10900
Notes
Not in use
HFCF 22 1810 Not used in Europe
401A 1182 Not used in Europe
409A 1909 Not used in Europe
HCF 23 14800 Not used in Europe
- The selection of the used refrigerant in the system is highly important: 32 675 Not used in Europe
134a 1430 In phase down
- GWP (Global Warming Potential) of the selected fluid 404a 3922 In phase down
507a 3985 In phase down
- Flammability and toxity HFO 1234yf 4
1234ze 6
- Thermodynamic properties: Heat transfer performance, viscosity, latent Natural 290 (propane) 3
717 (Ammonia) 0
heat, pressure at condensing temperature 744 (CO2) 1
- Chemical stability
- Oil solubility
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System Description – Single stage
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System Description – Two stage
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Condenser
Selection criteria for condenser type:
- Condensing pressure
Refrigerant Condensing
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Condenser: Air Cooled (Dry Cooler)
- Mainly tube type coil heat exchanger based on convective heat transfer
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Condenser: Evaporative Condeser
- Base on water evaporation on the air side that enhances heat transfer
- Air flow passes the tubes, water sprayed from the top
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Condenser: Water or Brine Cooled 1
- Brazed plate heat exchangers used for small HFC systems (R134a etc)
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Condenser: Water or Brine Cooled 2
- Capacity 1200kW
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Condenser: Cascade Condenser
other side.
- Typical system works with NH3 and CO2. NH3 is used as a refrigerant
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Condenser – things to notice
What to remember:
drop.
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Evaporators
Selection criteria for evaporator type:
- Heat is removed to refrigerant Suction connection
Brine In
Refrigerant Evaporation:
- Is either Flooded (Saturated) or Dry (Superheated)
- Pool boiling or forced convection boiling
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System Description – Single stage DX (Dry expansion)
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System Description – Single stage Flooded
pump driven
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Evaporator: Liquid Cooler 1
- Liquid can be water or freezing resistant brine
tube units
- Compressor always requires droplet free gas Shell and Tube Evaporator
- Droplet separation
Brine outlet
flooded evaporators:
- Capacity 1000kW
- Alfa for ammonia pool boiling ~4800W/m2K GEA Grasso Water Chiller package
- Special construction with pool boiling type evaporation, used for small
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Vahterus Combined Evaporator
Evaporator: Air Blast Cooler
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Evaporator: Oil Removal
evaporation temperature
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Evaporator – things to notice
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Thanks!
Valtteri.Haavisto@Vahterus.com
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