Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Cruz **
BSMT – 2D August 14. 2019
PLANT
CELL
Cell Wall - Like their prokaryotic ancestors, plant cells have a rigid wall surrounding the
plasma membrane. It is a far more complex structure, however, and serves a variety of
functions, from protecting the cell to regulating the life cycle of the plant organism.
Golgi Apparatus - The Golgi apparatus is the distribution and shipping department for
the cell's chemical products. It modifies proteins and fats built in the endoplasmic
reticulum and prepares them for export as outside of the cell.
Eva, Jazzmin Ivy B. Mrs. Cruz **
BSMT – 2D August 14. 2019
Microfilaments - Microfilaments are solid rods made of globular proteins called actin.
These filaments are primarily structural in function and are an important component of
the cytoskeleton.
Microtubules - These straight, hollow cylinders are found throughout the cytoplasm of
all eukaryotic cells (prokaryotes don't have them) and carry out a variety of functions,
ranging from transport to structural support.
Nucleus - The nucleus is a highly specialized organelle that serves as the information
processing and administrative center of the cell.
Peroxisomes - Microbodies are a diverse group of organelles that are found in the
cytoplasm, roughly spherical and bound by a single membrane. There are several types
of microbodies but peroxisomes are the most common.
Plasmodesmata - Plasmodesmata are small tubes that connect plant cells to each
other, providing living bridges between cells.
Plasma Membrane - All living cells have a plasma membrane that encloses their
contents. In prokaryotes and plants, the membrane is the inner layer of protection
surrounded by a rigid cell wall. These membranes also regulate the passage of
molecules in and out of the cells.
Vacuole - Each plant cell has a large, single vacuole that stores compounds, helps in
plant growth, and plays an important structural role for the plant.
ANIMAL
CELL
Nucleus - nucleus regulates which genes are expressed in the cell, which controls the
cells activity and functioning and will be different depending on the type of cell.
Ribosomes - are where proteins are synthesized. They are found within all cells,
including animal cells. The mRNA chain travels to the ribosome via transfer RNA
(tRNA), and its sequence is used to determine the correct placement of amino acids in
a chain that makes up the protein.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranous
sacs called cisternae that branches off from the outer nuclear membrane.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - does not have ribosomes attached and has
functions in making lipids and steroid hormones and removing toxic substances.
Eva, Jazzmin Ivy B. Mrs. Cruz **
BSMT – 2D August 14. 2019
Vesicles - are small spheres of a lipid bilayer, which also makes up the cell’s outer
membrane. They are used for transporting molecules throughout the cell from one
organelle to another and are also involved in metabolism.
Golgi apparatus - receives proteins from the ER and folds, sorts, and packages
these proteins into vesicles.
Cytosol - is the liquid contained within cells. Cytosol and all the organelles within it,
except for the nucleus, are collectively referred to as a cell’s cytoplasm.
Cell Membrane - surrounds the entire cell. Animal cells only have a cell membrane;
they do not have a cell wall as plant cells do. The cell membrane is a double layer made
up of phospholipids. Phospholipids are molecules with a phosphate
group head attached to glycerol and two fatty acid tails.
Centriole - a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in
pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.