Construction industry

Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction differs

from manufacturing in that manufacturing typically involves mass production of similar items
without a designated purchaser, while construction typically takes place on location for a
known client. Construction as an industry comprises six to nine percent of the gross domestic
product of countries. Construction starts with planning, design, and financing; it continues until
the project is built and ready for use.
Large-scale construction requires collaboration across multiple disciplines. A project
manager normally manages the job, and a construction manager, design engineer, construction
engineers or architect supervises it. Those involved with the design and execution must
consider zoning requirements, environmental impact of the
job, scheduling, budgeting, construction-site safety, availability and transportation of building
materials, logistics, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays and bidding.
Large construction projects are sometimes referred to as megaprojects.

Sectors

The Three Sectors of the Construction Industry

The Three Sectors of the Construction Industry

 Every corporation, means of transportation, and form of communication in some part
owes its success to at least one of the three sectors of construction. Let’s break each of
them down.
 Three Sectors of Construction
 Building
 Infrastructure
 Industrial
 Two sub-sectors:
 residential construction
 Commercial construction Residential construction includes housing and places where
people live. Commercial construction deals with erecting buildings for business use
Building Construction Buildings and Institutions
 High-traffic, high-use aspects of life Infrastructure Construction Facilities provided by
infrastructure construction include: Roads and highways Bridges Dams Mass transit
systems Electrical power and telephone lines Law enforcement agencies Prisons Schools
Hospitals Waste removal facilities
  Industrial Construction Builders must be highly trained on numerous, specialized tasks.
They also must be able to design, install, and maintain these massive projects. Large
structures that handle massive scale projects Projects handled by industrial workers
include: Manufacturing plants Oil refineries Power plants Factories.

Here we continue with the topic of flyover. First we know about what is flyover. It is a
structure which joints two or more points which are separated by an accessible route/s or
a man made structure to cut the traffic for faster mode of travelling. They are usually
made over road junctions, roads, streets; etc.The name itself suggests that you are flying
over a traffic zone. They are usually built for road vehicles.

Major Player’s Major customers

1 fwo 1 army

2 nespak 2civil government

3 descon 3 industry

4 habib rafeeq

5 fast track
Know we are developing the supply chain model for the construction of flyover. In
which we show that how all the department are work for the construction of flyover. And
also show that the integration of all departments
.
Model of supply chain in which show all primary activities.

Planing Procurement Inbound logistics

Inventory Construction site

Quality
department

After services
Out bond
logistics
 Know we are going to explore supply chain model for the construction of bridge
at xyz place and show all supportive activities

Government agencies
land and other
departmental approvals

Supply of Pre Site Developer

material fabrication

Consultancy Financial
firm institution

As we know that we are develop a diagram of supply chain management for the construction
of flyover on xyz place first we know about the scm. The main focus of scm to integrate the
entire departments for getting the best and successful results. As we show in diagram. But our
main focus is here not a scm .its logistics department what is that department first we know
about that department.

What is logistics department how its work on construction flyover site.

Logistics is about the movement of materials and equipment from where they originate to
where the workforce needs them. This material and equipment need to arrive on time and
undamaged. A simple illustration of logistics for construction sites is moving precast concrete
from the plant it is made into the site. Also, when delivered, a crane will be needed to hoist the
precast panels into position. So, a material is the precast panels, equipment is a hoisting crane,
and there is the crew that will use them. Getting all three components to the same place, at the
same time, is what logistics does.
Logistics has a significant impact on profitability too. If the crane isn’t on site when it is
supposed to be, installation crews for the precast panels are idle. They are getting their hourly
wages even though the lack of a crane prohibits them from working. This kind of snafu is
unprofitable.
Moreover, when it comes to construction, a delay in one aspect of the job can have far-
reaching effects on job completion. If panels are late for installation, the crews that follow –
electricians, plumbers, drywall erectors and other trades may also be delayed.

Know we are going to develop the diagram for logistics for the construction of
bridge at xyz place

Waste and defected

machinery

Cement

Pre
Sand
fabrication Site for fly over
Store

Crush

Steel /machine and Information system

other material
Know we draw a diagram for the transportation of manpower on site which
manage by logistics department

Man power Site Hospital

Planning Key for logistics department

To keep a construction site productive good planning is key. The general contractor has to
create a timeline for each stage of the project far in advance of the project start. The plan must
include a total inventory of materials, equipment, and tools needed for each stage of the
project. When you effectively manage materials from their source to your site you enjoy the
following advantages.
1. Waste reduction = savings. Planning in advance helps ensure that the right materials are on
site every day so that construction crews can work without interruption.
2. Logistical planning also means that materials are stored appropriately, easy to locate, and
easy to move. This also speeds up the project through improved efficiency.
3. Logistical planning helps a site maintain order. When a site is organized and tidy there are
important benefits project efficiency and worker health and safety.
4. Right mode of transport with respect to its work
5. There are number of work done by logistics department transport of material so use right
mode and vehicle for that material.
6. There are different scale of man power travel one place to another place so provide the
mode or vehicle with respect to his scale
 INVENTORY STRATEGY TRANSPORT STRATEGY

CUSTOMER
SERVICES GOAL

LOCATION STRATEGY

Main goals for logistics department

Customer services goal

Complete the project on time with minimum cost and high in quality with no human lose is the
main goal for customer. The logistics department is directly under come in this statement.
Logistics department handle most and high number of activities in construction projects.
Logistics department can be reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of the project.

INVENTORY

Inventory is the most important part of construction industry and the first and goal for the
logistics department is make the continuities of material. In construction industry about 60% of
capital is bound on inventory. If any construction want to get success in any type of project so it
chose adopts the best techniques to manage the inventory. The fundamental objective of a
good inventory control system is to be able to determine What to order, When to order, How
much to order, and How much to carry in stock so as to gain economy in purchasing , storing,
manufacturing and selling. These are the some following techniques which are use for the
better results.

i. ABC Analysis (Always Better Control)

ii. FSN Analysis (Fast Moving, Slow Moving & Non Moving)
iii. SDE Analysis (Scarce, Difficult, Easy)
iv. HML Analysis (High, Medium, Low)

Transport strategy

Transport is very important part of construction industry and you can also say that these both
are not possible without once. The use of transport is important because all the material is use
on construction site is available because of transport. So effective and efficient transport direct
effect the cost of project and efficiency of work. In construction different type of mode of
transportation can be use for transporting the material but most of the time getting material
not from the far because its increase the cost of the project so in which we getting material
getting where easily available and low in cost. The main and key material which is use in
construction industry is very high in weight which cement sand and stone crush these materials
when load on any mode of transport so its consume high quantity of fuel because it carry very
high volume of weight .

Location strategy

There are two type of location strategy first which of the locations follows for getting material
and the second is the location where we start our project. Both are effect the cost of the
project. Before starting any construction project location is very important because efficiency
and the main thing is fusibility is depend on the location. So we chose the best location strategy
for deciding the location strategy .the work of logistics department chose the best locations for
getting material for project as we already discuss that it effect the cost of project because the
most of the activates are handle by that department. Logistics department not just handle the
material transportation it also manage the human work force transportation. It is very
important to for logistics department to make an effective location strategy for both human
work force and material.
The importance of logistics factor

This is especially important during construction deliveries the material directly to the site, they
are instead collected in a construction consolidation centre (CCC) near but not necessarily on
the site. This allows for materials to be ferried on a ‘just in time’ basis as and when they are
needed, keeping the site itself clear of obstacles and, consequently, much safer.

CCCs allow for logistic managers to work safe in the knowledge that their materials are
available and that all they need to arrange is the final stage of delivering what is needed to
where it needs to go. This is especially useful on projects that experience delays or similar
issues as it provides for a degree of flexibility also. Here are some of the advantages:

 Reduce site traffic by 60-70%

 Better storage for materials than on site
 Remove excess packaging off site, reducing clutter at the works
 Allows for the sequencing of materials, encouraging overall efficiency and flexibility
 CCCs serve as a project management centre and place to test materials/arrange
timetables etc.

More advantages

It should be clear that effective logistical planning can make the difference between a project
being completed early and under budget – or the very opposite. Having an effective system in
place to manage every component of the site is essential to cut costs while maintaining
productivity. In the UK we are waking up to this, and learning from the States how an effective
logistical planning and US distribution network for materials and supplies can make all the
difference to a project being a success or failure.
Work left for project

factors effects

1 current strategy
2 our recommendations
3 advantages and disadvantages
4 teacher recommendations
5 types of every mail goal

These are the main functions which operate handle manage locking up and the main stack
holder for logistics department of any organization. Every operation from these have its own
important and integration of these operations is main focus for the logistics department we will
discuss the importance of the operations with the aspect of construction industry and the
strategies which adopts know a days and also contributes our strategies.