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(v) 52 + 51 (vi) ( )2 x ( )1 x ( )0
2
3
2
3
2
3
= 52+1 = ( ) 2+1+0
2
3
8
= 53 = 125 = ( ) 3 = 27
2
3
4( x + 5) − 3( x − 2) 7x − 4x + 2x 7( p − 1) + 5( p − 2)
= = =
12 28 ( p − 2)( p − 1
4 x + 20 − 3 x + 6 3x + 2 x 7 p − 7 + 5 p − 10
= = =
12 28 ( p − 2)( p − 1)
4 x − 3 x + 20 + 6 5x 7 p + 5 p − 10 − 7
= = =
12 28 ( p − 2)( p − 1)
x + 26 12 p − 17
= =
12 ( p − 2)( p − 1)
5 1 3 1 − 2x 3 2
(d) - (e) - (f) -
2x − 3 x+5 2 4x p −1 1− p
5( x + 5) − 1(2 x − 3) 3(2 x) − 1(1 − 2 x) 3(1 − p ) − 2( p − 1)
= = =
(2 x − 3)( x + 5) 4x ( p − 1)(1 − p )
5 x + 25 − 2 x + 3 6x − 1 + 2x 3 − 3p − 2p + 2
= = =
(2 x − 3)( x + 5) 4x ( p − 1)(1 − p )
5 x − 2 x + 3 + 25 6x + 2x − 1 − 3p − 2 p + 2 + 3
= = =
(2 x − 3)( x + 5) 4x ( p − 1)(1 − p )
3 x + 28 8x − 1 − 5p + 5
= = =
(2 x − 3)( x + 5) 4x ( p − 1)(1 − p )
6. Evaluate; (a) 15 - 8.33 (b) 0.24 ÷ 0.008 (c) (0.5)3 (d) 2.16 ÷ 0.03
(e) 1.5 + 3 14 (f) 1 23 - 34 (g) 2 54 ÷ 52 (h) 7 - (-4.5) (i) 1 56 - 1 23 + 15
SOLUTION
(a) 15 - 8.33 (b) 0.24 ÷ 0.008 (c) (0.5)3 (d) 2.16 ÷ 0.03
15.00 24 8 216
= ÷ = 0.5x0.5x0.5 =
- 8.33 100 1000 3
6.67 24 1000
= × = 0.125 = 72
100 8
= 30
=7
12. (a) Given that p = 7 and q = -3, find the value of p2 – q3.
a−2
(b) Simplify (c) Solve the equation 3(m – 5) = 7 –2(m – 3)
a2 − 4
(d) Given that x = 8 and y = -2, find x – y2
3a + b
(e) Given that a = . (i) Express a in terms of b. (ii)Find a when b=2.
b
SOLUTION
a−2
(a) p2 – q3 (b) (c) 3(m – 5) = 7 –2(m – 3)
a2 − 4
a−2
= 72 – (-3)3 = 3m + 2m = 7 + 15 + 6
(a − 2)(a + 2)
1
= 49 – 27 = 5m = 28
( a + 2)
= 22 m = 5.6
3a + b 3a + b
(d) x – y2 (e) (i) a = (ii) a = .
b b
b
= 8 – (-2)2 ab = 3a + b a= .
b−3
2
=8–4 ab - 3a = b a=
2−3
= 4 a(b – 3) = b a = -2
b
a=
b−3
13. (a) V varies directly as the square of x and inversely as y. Given that
V = 9 when X = 3 and y = 4. Find V when x = 5 and y = 2.
(b) Given that y+2 is inversely proportional to x and y = 7 when x = 13 .
Find the value of y when x = 12 .
(c) Given that y varies directly as the square root of x and y = 15.
(i) Write down an equation connecting x and y.
(ii) Find y when x= 14 .
(iii) Find x when y=80.
14. (a) After a long negotiation a shopkeeper reduced the price of the
radio by 23%. The customer quickly paid K520,000 for the new price.
What was the original price?
(b) Find 3 12 % of K50,720
SOLUTION
(a) Let the original price be x Kwacha
A reduction of 23% means the new price will be (100% -23%) of x
Kwacha ie 77% of x Kwacha = K520,000
77 520, 000×100
100 x =520, 000
77 x =520, 000 x 100 x= 77 x =675, 324.68
Therefore, the original price was approximately K675, 324. 68
(b) 3 12 % of K50,720
7 355040
(c) Ie 200 x 50,720 200 1775.20 ∴ 3 12 % of K50,720=K1775.20
16. Use as much of the given information as is necessary to find the value
of 0.013 . [ 13 =3.61; 1.3 =1.14]
SOLUTION
1.14
0.013 = 100
1.3
= 10 = 0.114
SOLUTION
(a)
Departed 22: 00
2: 30
Arrived 24: 30
Arrival time is 00: 30 hours
D
(b) S = D=SxT D = 120 x 2 12 km D = 120 x 5
2 km ∴ D =300km
T
3
22. Given that h(x) = , find the value of
2x + 1
(a) x for which h is not a function
1
(b) h(-5) (c) x for which h(x) =
x +1
SOLUTION
(a) When the denominator is zero h(x) is undefined ie does not exist
∴ h(x) is not a function when 2x+1= 0
2x+1= 0 2x = -1 ∴ x = - 12
3 3 3 3 ∴ - 1
(b) h(x) = h(-5) = h(-5) = h(-5) = h( 5) =
2x + 1 2(−5) + 1 − 10 + 1 −9 −3
1 3 1
(c) If h(x) = then h(x) = =
x +1 2x + 1 x +1
3 1
= 3(x+1) = 2x+1 3x+3 = 2x+1 3x-2x= 1-3 ∴ x= -2
2x + 1 x +1
SOLUTION
First arrange the marks in ascending order
ie 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10
(a) Mode is the most frequent(or common) mark
24. In the year 2001 Thukuta Co-operative Union made a profit of K720
million from sales of its own grown Maize, poultry and piggery units.
These contributed profit in the ratio of 2: 3: 4 respectively.
(a) Calculate how much profit came from the piggery unit
(b) If the total profit in 2001 was 25% more than in 2000, calculate the
total profit in the year 2000.
(c) In 2002, the co-operative decided to expand and go into irrigation
farming as well. It needed to spend K75 million for a bore hole,
irrigation pipes and overheads. Given that it borrowed this sum from
the Bank, at a simple interest of 40% for 9 months, calculate the total
amount the co-operative paid to the Bank.
d) In 2003, the co-operative grew corn and green peas worth $72, 000
on export market. Given that it paid Zambia Revenue Authority
171/2% VAT and the exchange rate was $1 = K4 760. Calculate how
much the co-operative earned in Zambian Kwacha.
SOLUTION
4
(a) The piggery unit produced 9 of the total profits
4
ie 9 X 720, 000, 000
= 4 X 80, 000, 000
= 320, 000, 000
∴ The piggery unit produced K320, 000, 000
(b) The profit generated in 2001 was 25% more than in 2000
Let the profit generated in 2000 be x million kwacha
the profit produced in 2001 was 125% of x million kwacha
ie x + 25%of x = 720, 000, 000
125x 720, 000, 000 × 100 ∴
100 = 720, 000, 000 x= x = 576, 000, 000
125
Therefore, the profit generated in 2000 was K 576, 000, 000
Principal × Rate × Time
(c) Interest =
100
75, 000, 000 × 40 × 9
Interest =
100 × 12
∴ Interest = 22, 500, 000
SOLUTION
1+ 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + x
(a) =4
10
37 + x
=4
10
37 + x = 40
x = 40 – 37
∴x = 3
(b) (i) 1cm → 10, 000cm
Distance on the map Distance on the ground
1cm 10, 000cm = 100m = 0.1km
3.2cm 3.2x10, 000cm = 32, 000cm = 320m = 0.32km
(ii) Area: (1cm)2 → (10, 000cm)2
Area on the map Distance on the ground
1cm2 100, 000, 000cm2 = 10, 000m2 = 0.01km2
1, 780 cm2 178, 000, 000, 000cm2 = 17, 800, 000m2= 17.8km2
(c) When expressed in decimal we get
5 7 11
8 = 0.625 12 = 0.583 16 = 0.6875
11 7
∴ Biggest fraction = 16 and smallest fraction = 12
SOLUTION
84
(a) (i) Number passed = 100 x 150 = 126
3
(ii) Number of boys passed = 7 x 126 =54
31. P is the point (-4, 3) and 0 is the origin on the co-ordinates plane. Find
the co-ordinates of the mid point of OP.
SOLUTION
Coordinates of the midpoint of OP = ( x 2+ x , y 2+ y ) 2 1 2 1
= ( −4+2 0 , 3+20 )
= (-2, 1.5)
2
32. (a) Express as a single matrix (3 2)
−1
2k −4
(b) The determinant of the matrix is 2. Find the value of K
3k 1
SOLUTION
2 2(3) 2(0) 6 0
(a) (3 2) = =
−1 − 1(3) − 1(0) −3 0
2k −4
(b) det =2 2k(1) – 3k(-4) = 2 2k + 12k=2 14k=2 ∴ k= 17
3k 1
33. Chitanyika Simon and Chindi Brown of grade 12A class share an
amount of K12, 700, 000 left by their deceased mother in the ratio 3:2.
Find how much each one of them will get.
SOLUTION
SIMON BROWN
3 2
5 X K12, 700, 000 5 X K12, 700, 000
38,100 , 000 25 , 400 , 000
=K 5 =K 5
= K7,620, 000 = K5, 080, 000
SOLUTION
(a) y - y1 = m(x - x1)
y - 5 = 2(x - 0)
y - 5 = 2x - 0
y = 2x + 5
(b) If B is a point (6, -3) and C is (-2, 1), find
(i) the gradient of line BC
y2 − y1 1−( −3)
m= x2 − x1 m= − 2 −6 m= 4
−8 ∴ m = - 12
(ii) The equation of line BC
y − y1 y2 − y1 y −( −3) 1−( −3) y +3
x− x1 = x2 − x1 x −6 = −2−6 x−6 = - 12 ∴ y = - 12 x
35. Simplify 3y 2 - 48
y 2 - y - 20
SOLUTION
3y 2 - 48 = 3(y 2 - 16) = 3(y + 4)(y - 4) = 3(y - 4) = 3y - 12
2
y - y - 20 (y + 4)(y - 5) (y + 4)(y - 5) (y - 5) y -5
Third prize
K330, 000 + K220, 000 = K550, 000 ... K660, 000 – K550, 000 = K110, 000
39. (a)For the sequence 7, 9, 11, 13, ____. Write down
(i)The eleventh term. (ii) the nth term
(b) For the sequence 1, 4, 7, . . . Find the 20th term
NOTE: a is the first term.
SOLUTION
(a) (i) an = a + (n-1) d (ii) an = 7 + (n – 1) 2
a11 = 7 + (11–1)2 an = 7 + 2n – 2
a11 = 7 + (10) 2 an = 2n + 7 – 2
a11 = 7 + 20 an = 2n – 5
a11 = 27
(b) a=1, n=20, d=3
a20 = a + (n -1)d a20= 1+(20 -1)3 a20 = 1+ 19 × 3 ∴ a20= 58
40. AB is parallel to DE, CD = 2cm, EC = 3cm and BE = 2cm, AD = x cm and
area of a triangle DCE = 2cm2.
41. The diagram below shows a carpenter’s pencil with diameter 14mm
and a length of 270mm. The sharpened end is in form of a cone of
height 24mm (Take = 227 ).
(a) Calculate
(i) the slant length (ii) of the conical part.
(iii)The total surface area of the pencil.
(b) Given that 1mm3 weighs 3mg (assuming that density of wood and
lead are the same), find
(i) The volume of the pencil before it was sharpened
(ii) The mass of the pencil
(d) The mass of the pencil that was removed after the pencil was
sharpened.
SOLUTION
(a) (i) Using the cross-section of the cone yields an isosceles triangle of
height 24mm
(c) The mass of the pencil that was removed after it was sharpened
= 3 × [ π r2h - 13 π r2h] = 3 × [ 227 × 72 × 24- 13 × 227 × 72 × 24]mg.
= 3 × [3, 696 – 1, 232]mg
= 3 × 2, 462mg
= 7, 392mg
42. In the diagram, CB is parallel to YX, AY= 2cm, YC=4cm and BC = 9cm.
SOLUTION
(i) The angle which correspond to AXY = ABC
XY 2 18
(ii) XY: BC = AY: AC 9
=
6 6XY = 18 XY = 6 ∴ XY = 3cm
(b) The actual area of a game reserve is 30Km2. Calculate the area on
the map reserve in square centimetres.
44. Given that P= -2, q = 8 and r = 12, find; (a) r – q (b) q2 - pr (c) 3 q
SOLUTION
(a) r – q (b) q2 - pr (c) 3 q
= 12 - 8 = 82 - (-2) × 12 = 38
=4 = 64 + 24 =2
= 88
45. The diagram below shows a solid metal cube of volume 125cm3.
Given that 1cm3 of the metal has mass of 9 grams.
Calculate:-
(a) the length of the edge of the cube.
(b) the mass of the cube giving your answer in kilograms.
(c) the total surface area of the cube.
SOLUTION
(a) V = L3 125 = L3 3 L3 = 3 125 L=5
(b) 1cm → 9g
3
Find (a) The area of the external curved surface area of the pipe.
(b) The volume of the metal used in making a pipe given that the
internal diameter is 14mm.
SOLUTION
(a) Area (b) Volume = π (R2 - r2)h
= 2π r h = 227 (1.42 - 0.72) × 80 cm3
= 2 × 227 × 1.4 × 80cm2 = 227 (1.96 - 0.49) × 80 cm3
= 704 cm2 = 227 × 1.47 × 80 cm3 = 369.6 cm3
47. A metal work student bored cylindrical hole from one end through a
rectangular bar as shown in the figure below.
(a) Find the volume of the metal bar before the whole was made.
(b) Given that 1cm3 of the metal has a mass of 7.85g, find the mass of
the metal bar before the hole was made.
(c)If the mass of the hollow metal bar is 2, 315g, calculate the volume
of the metal removed giving your answer correct to two decimal
places.
(d) Find the radius of the hole, correct to 3 significant figures.
SOLUTION
GOOD LUCK MAY GOD BLESS YOU AS YOU STUDY THIS MATERIAL AND LOOK
OUT FOR VOLUME 3.
CONE
18. Curved surface area = π rl (A = π r l)
19. Volume of a sphere = 13 base area x height, (V = 13 Ah)
SPHERE
20. Surface area of a sphere = 4 π r2 (V = 4 π r2)
21. Volume of a sphere: V = 4/3 r2
FRUSTUMS:
22. Volume of a frustums = Volume of a full cone - volume of a small cone
(V = 13 π R2H - 13 π r2h)
Or V = 13 π (R2H - r2h)