SCIENCE 4: HEAT ENERGY

Heat Energy
 is the form of energy that is produced from the movement of the molecules in a solid, liquid, or
gas.

Sources
1. Sun
 main source of heat energy (solar energy)
2. Geothermal
 hot water and rocks near the surface of the earth
 earth’s mantle, geyser, and volcano
3. Fuels
 any flammable substance that produces heat when it is burned
 charcoal, gasoline, kerosene, oil, and wood
4. Electricity
 is the kind of energy that can build up in one place or flow from one object to another
as it is carried by moving electrons through a wire

Effects
Temperature
 the hotness or coldness of matter
1. On Phases Of Matter
a. Melting
 the change in phase from solid to liquid
b. Evaporation
 the change in phase from liquid to gas
c. Water Vapor
 water that is in a gaseous phase
d. Condensation
 the change in phase from water vapor to liquid
2. On Volume of Matter
Expansion
 solids increase in size or volume when heat is applied to them

Forms of Transfer
1. Conduction
 the transfer of heat from molecule to molecule
 Equilibrium
 the state where both objects have the same temperature
 Insulator
 a material that does not transmit, conducts, or, allows heat to pass
through
2. Convection
 the transfer of heat through current or circulation
3. Radiation
 the transfer of heat in the form of waves

Protection from Excessive Heat

1. Avoid too much exposure to the sun’s heat.
2. Drink 8-10 glasses of water and other liquid daily .
 Dehydration - the condition when the body loses much of its fluids and salt.
3. Choose the right kind of clothing.
4. Stay alert for signs and symptoms of illness due to extreme heat.
5. Never play with any source of light or heat energy.