LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of 60 – minute period, the students should be able to:

1. recognize the different types of chemical bonding: covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds.
2. create model of the different types of chemical bonding
3. enlighten their minds on interacting with one another

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Chemical Bonding

Valuing: Interaction with one another

III. MATERIALS

Reference: Chemistry of Life by Khan Academy

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/chemistry--of-life/chemical-bonds-
and-reactions/a/chemical-bonds-article

IV. PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Preparation

1. Prayer
2. Greetings
3. Classroom Management
4. Checking of Attendance
5. Checking of Assignment

B. Review Yes Ma’am!

Do you still remember our lesson yesterday? Our topic last meeting is about Periodic
What was our topic? variations in element properties.

Let us see if you really learned something

about periodic variations in element properties. I
have here some cards with pictures of famous
Korean actors and actresses. Inside the cards are
questions about our previous topic. You have to
choose which character do you prefer and answer
the question. Yes Ma’am! (The student will do the task)
Are you ready class?
Ma’am Chlorine.
Picture 1 – Based on their positions in
the periodic table, predict which has
the smallest atomic radius: Mg, Sr, Si,
Cl, I.
Ma’am Radium.
Picture 2 – Which main group atom
would be expected to have the lowest
second ionization energy?
Ma’am Oxygen.
Picture 3 – Based on their positions in
the periodic table, predict which has
the largest first ionization energy: Mg,
Ba, B, O, Te.
Ma’am 15 (5A).
Picture 4 – Atoms of which group in
the periodic table have a valence shell
electron configuration of ns2np3?
C. Motivation
“Four Pics One Word”
Guess the pictures flash on the screen. Use the
letters below to answer the hidden word.

CAHERMICCSABL

SBOCNDDAKE
Ma’am I think that is chemical.
What can you say about the first set of pictures? Ma’am I think that is a bond.
How about the second pictures?
Correct! Very good.

Today our topic will be Chemical bonding.

D. Activity
The class will be divided into two groups, each
group are given a task to create models of the types
of chemical bonding: covalent bond, ionic bond
and metallic bond. You will be given a set of
materials such as gumdrops, glue, markers, poster
board and a cards with the name and chemical
formula for compounds that are created using the
types of bonding.
The students will create models of the covalent
and ionic bonds for the two compounds. For each
compound, students will write the chemical symbol
for each element and position its outer shell
electrons, represent by gumdrops, to show how it
is bonded to other elements in the compound. You
only have 5 minutes to do your assigned task.
Before you begin, please be guided by our Golden Rules
rules with an acronym COOL. Kindly read all C – cooperate with your group mates
together. O – organize your task
O – observe discipline
L – leave your working area clean and tidy
Please be guided by the following criteria:
Criteria for Evaluating Group Activity
Accuracy - 5 points
Presentation - 5 points
Cooperation - 5 points
15 points
 Group leaders proceed here in front to get your
task card and materials. Your timer starts now.

Group 1: Group 1: LiI

LiI
Lithium Iodide
Lithium Iodide
. .. ..
Li . I Li I

..

..
..
.. ..
Group 2: CO2 Group 2: CO2
Carbon Dioxide Carbon Dioxide
.. ..
O C O C

..
..

..
..
.. .. .. ..
O

..
..
Cl ..

..
Group 3: Group 3:
..
..
Zn Zn
Zinc Zinc

e-
e - e-
Zn e-
Zn
e-

E. Analysis
Any idea about chemical bonds? Chemical bonds hold molecules together and
create temporary connections that are essential to
life.
Why form chemical bonds? Ma’am chemical bonds form because atoms
are trying to reach the most stable (lowest-energy)
state that they can.
Are you familiar with octet rule? Ma’am octet rule means that the valence shell
have eight valence electron.
What are the types of chemical bonds? Ma’am the types of chemical bonds are
covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds.
Ions come in two types. What are those? Ma’am cations and anions.
What are the difference between the two? Ma’am cations are positive ions formed by
losing electrons while anions are negative ions
formed by gaining electron.
Kindly read the first one. Ionic bonds are bonds formed between ions
with opposite charges. This bond is formed by the
complete transfer of valence electron between
atoms.

I have here two elements Sodium (Na) and Ma’am sodium is the cations while chlorine is
Chlorine (Cl). Which of the two is anions and a the anions.
cations?
Correct!
In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to
become a positively charged cation, whereas the
nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a
negatively charged anion.
How many valence electron does the sodium Ma’am sodium has only one valence electron.
has?
 How about the chlorine? Ma’am the chlorine has seven valence electron.
Exactly, correct!
Talk a look at the illustration.

Which of the two has the capability to donate
an electron?
Is it possible for the chlorine to be a donor? If
yes, Why? If no, Why?
Ma’am I think it is easier for the sodium to
donate its one valence electron than to find seven
more electrons to fill the outer shell.
Ma’am I think no, because chlorine has seven
valence electrons in its outer shell. In this case, it is
easier for chlorine to gain one electron than to lose
seven. The nonmetal is the one who accepts those
electrons.

Because of this, sodium tends to lose its one

electron, forming Na+. While the chlorine tends to
take on an electron and become Cl-.

Kindly read the first one. Covalent bond is formed between atoms that
have similar electronegativities–the affinity or
desire for electrons. This bond shares electrons in
order to achieve octet configuration and become
more stable.
One, two, or three pairs of electrons may be
shared between atoms, resulting in single, double,
or triple bonds, respectively.
Why do you think covalent bonds are said to Ma’am because the more electrons are shared
be the strongest bond? Any idea? between two atoms, the stronger their bond will be.
I have here an example of covalent bonding.
Let’s take a look how does it happen.
An example of covalent bonding is water.
Kindly read. A single water molecule, H2O, consists of two
hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.
I have here an elements hydrogen and an Ma’am the hydrogen has only one valence
oxygen. How many valence electron does the electron while the oxygen has six valence electrons
hydrogen have? Oxygen have? in its outer shell.
Anyone who can illustrate this one. Each
hydrogen shares an electron with oxygen, and
oxygen shares one of its electrons with each
hydrogen. (Kindly write it on the board).

Hydrogen atoms sharing electrons with an

oxygen atom to form covalent bonds, creating a
water molecule.
There are two basic types of covalent bonds.
What are those?
What is polar covalent bonds?
What is nonpolar covalent bonds?
Ma’am the two basic types of covalent bonds
are polar covalent bond and nonpolar covalent
bond.
Polar covalent bonds the electrons are
unequally shared by the atoms and spend more
time close to one atom than the other
 Nonpolar covalent bonds form between two
atoms of the same element, or between atoms of
different elements that share electrons more or less
equally.

Kindly read metallic bonds.

The metallic bond is a type of chemical bond
that occurs between atoms of metallic elements. It
gives metals their unique properties that we don’t
The metallic bond is not the easiest type of see in non-metal substances.
bond to understand, so an analogy might help.
Imagine filling your bathtub with golf balls. Fill it
right up to the top. The golf balls will arrange
themselves in an orderly fashion as they fill the
space in the tub.
Do you see any spaces between the balls?
If you turn on the faucet and plug the drain, the Yes ma’am!
water will fill up those spaces. What we have now
is something like metallic bonding.

The result of this is an orderly structure of

positive metal atoms surrounded by a sea of
negative electrons that hold the ions together like
glue.
Kindly read the unique set of properties of
metals that engage in a unique type of bonding. Metals are malleable and ductile and good
What do we mean by malleable and ductile? conductors of heat and electricity.
Ma’am malleable means a substance can be
shaped such as jewelry, coins, and weapons while
ductile means they can be stretched into thin wires,
How about the ability to conduct heat and such those used for electricity.
electricity? Ma’am the ability to conduct heat and
electricity means that the energy in the form of heat
F. Abstraction moves easily through a metal.
What are the different types of chemical
bonds? Answers may vary.
How would you differentiate ionic bonds from
covalent bonds? Answers may vary.
What makes a metallic bonding unique from
other bonds? Answers may vary.
Why do we need to form bonds?
How does that chemical bonding work in the Answers may vary.
cell? Answers may vary.

G. Application
Since you did great today, I have a surprise for
you. But it is inside this locked box. Can you help
me to unlock this?
 We just need to show how the elements formed
bonding (covalent and ionic bonds):
O2 (Oxygen)
LiBr (Lithium Bromide) .. ..
Hg (Mercury)
O O

..
..
.. ..

. .. ..
.
Li Br Li Br

..

..
..
.. ..

e- e-
e-
Hg Hg
e- e-
Excellent! We were able to open the box!

What did you see in the pictures? What can you Ma’am those pictures show about interaction
say about it? of one another.

Correct! It is all about interaction of one Ma’am interaction with one another is much
another. What do you think is the importance of important because an individual cannot live on
interaction to one another and how can you relate their own they need to interact with other people
it to our today’s topic? and to have a communication. It is related to our
today’s lesson because like individual, elements
need to interact with other elements to form bonds.
Nice idea! Thank you! Interaction is like
chemical bonds that we deal. Like us human, we
need to interact with one another as the quotation
cited “No man is an island” interaction is really
important because we can’t live on earth alone.

H. Assessment
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the
correct answer on a ¼ sheet of paper.
1. Which scenario would cause a covalent 1. A
bond to form?
a. Two atoms share electrons so they can fill
their outer shells
b. The constant motion of electrons and the
creation of charge imbalances bonds two
molecules together
c. A hydrogen atom with a slight positive
charge is attracted to a negative charge of
another molecule or atom
d. One atom loses one or more electrons and
the other atom gains one or more
electrons
 2. What is the main reason that atoms form 2. D
ions?
a. To create a negative charge
b. To bond with other elements
c. To develop a positive charge
d. To fill their outer electron shells

3. Which of the following best describes the 3. C

difference between a cation and an anion?
a. Anions are positively charged and cations
are negatively charged.
b. Cations are metallic and anions are
gaseous.
c. Cations are positively charged and anions
are negatively charged.
d. Cations are gaseous and anions are
metallic.

4. What does a hydrogen atom need to be in 4. C

for hydrogen bonding to occur?
a. A non-polar covalent bond
b. An alkaline bond
c. A polar covalent bond
d. An ionic bond

5. Which of the following has the strongest

bond strength? 5. C
a. Ionic bonds
b. Metallic bonds
c. Covalent bonds
d. Hydrogen bonds
Directions: Determine the type of chemical
bonding.
Molecular Formula Type of bond
6. H2SO4
7. FeS 6. Covalent
8. NaI 7. Ionic
9. Cu 8. Ionic
10. LiI 9. Metallic
10. Ionic
V. AGREEMENT
Directions: Answer the following questions.
1. What are chemical reactions? Cite the different
chemical reactions.

Prepared by:

Shiela R. Lumbaga