ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS

AS SOCIAL SPACE
(CASE STUDY-SOUTH DELHI)

PRESENTED BY:
AADYA AGRAWAL
M.ARCH SEM-3
RECREATIONAL ARCHITECTURE
JMI UNIVERSITY, N.DELHI-25
INTRODUCTION
Markets are place for social connections in urban settlement. They provide social institution
and structure to exchange goods and services simultaneously with exchange of thoughts and
ideas. Various group of people visit to and fro for different purposes to fulfill their daily
needs.

AIM:
To explore the potential of central markets for social and affective connections.

OBJECTIVES:

• To find out the components of recreation exist in central markets.

• To understand the spaces provided in markets mean for recreation.
• To check why markets are called social places and how?
• To check whether these are serving all age groups or not?
• To assess success of markets as place for social growth.

GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
NEED OF STUDY:

Markets are considered for social places where people meet, interact, and socialize together.
It is important to understand the activity pattern and how these markets become way of
recreation. Do they really mean for recreation or not?

DELIMITATION:

The scope of study included in this research is the study of non-hierarchical commercial
centers (central markets) situated in South Delhi. The south region is chosen because it has
good potential of user attraction to market places where blend of malls, district centre, and
traditional market is found.

GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
HYPOTHESIS
“PUBLIC MARKETS ARE VEHICLE FOR SOCIAL INTEGRATION & GROWTH”

SOCIAL

MARKETS

ECONOMIC POLITICAL

GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
 SITE JUSTIFICATION
According to Delhi Master Plan, the zone of commercial areas is

CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICTS Connaught Place,

(INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE) Chandni Chowk,
Sadar Bazar

COMMUNITY CENTRES New friends

(NEIGHBOURHOOD)
colony,
R.K.Puram

LOCAL SHOPPING Karol bagh

CENTRE(LOCAL)
Dwarka,
New friends
colony
CONVENIENT SHOPPING
CENTRE

In addition, some components of commercial use are also provided under mixed use, non-
hierarchical commercial centers, and informal sector and in the selected areas along the MRTS
corridor.
GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN
ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
The scope of study included in this research is the study of non-hierarchical commercial
centers (central markets) along the MRTS corridor situated in South Delhi. The south region is
chosen because it has good potential of user attraction to market places where blend of
malls, district centre, and traditional market is found.

For study purpose, central markets in South Delhi are taken which are Sarojini nagar
market, Lajpat nagar market.

M
M

SAROJINI M LAJPAT
MARKET MARKET
M

SOURCE: Author

GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
METHODOLOGY
For the research, the methodology adopted includes the questionnaire, surveys, personal
observation on the site, photographs.
• FINALIZE THE AREA FOR STUDY
Step 1

• LITERATURE REVIEW
Step 2

• DATA COLLECTION -SECONDARY SOURCE

Step 3

• SOCIAL MEASUREMENT THROUGH PARAMETERS

Step 4

• DATA ANALYSIS-QUESTIONNAIRE
Step 5

• IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS
Step 6

• INTERPRETATION/SOLUTIONS
Step 8

GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
 CASE STUDIES-
SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET
LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

• PARAMETER-1: SPACE PLANNING

• PARAMETER-2: CIRCULATION PATTERN
• PARAMETER-3: FACILITIES
• PARAMETER-4: SECURITY
• PARAMETER-5: USER PROFILE
• PARAMETER-6: ACTIVITY PATTERN
• PARAMETER-7: ISSUES/PROBLEMS

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
LOCATION & SURROUNDINGS

•Market is encircled by well

developed area of South Delhi
like South
extension, Chanakyapuri, Lodhi
colony, Safdarjung
enclave, Greater Kailash, etc.

• Theses are easily approachable

1
by shopaholics through 2
Metro, DTC Buses, Private
vehicles etc.

• The markets are near to

Safdarjung airport also.

SOURCE: Author

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

AADYA AGRAWAL9
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET SPACE PLANNING LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

The market is
planned
linearly 1ST CROSS ROAD
and VEER SAVARKAR MARG
symmetrically BABU
MARKET
with space of CENTRAL MARKET
walking
corridors for
users.

D-AVENUE ROAD
G-AVENUE ROAD

Green park
space is
integrated to
provide
space for
sit, relax and
to provide
FEROZ GANDHI MARG
light and
openness to • The market is planned linearly with space of walking
the market. corridors for users.
N
• Green parks are used for sitting, relaxing and as children
3RD CROSS ROAD
area to play.

LEGEND LEGEND
MARKET SPACE MULTI LEVEL PARKING TOILET BLOCK
MARKET SPACE
RESIDENCE TOILET BLOCK N GREEN PARKS COMMERCIAL
GREEN PARKS SCHOOLS (showrooms etc.)
PARKING LOTS
PARKING LOTS

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

AADYA AGRAWAL 10

AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

 SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET CIRCULATION LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

• The vehicular 1
movement is running
along the perimeter of
market area.

• The market space is

designed for
pedestrian movement
only. 2
•All directions are
two-way movement.
4
•Parking space is
provided adjoining to
the market area which
create congestion. • The market space is designed for N
3 pedestrian movement only.
• Parking space is not LEGEND
defined, people park their vehicle VEHICULAR
LEGEND PEDESTRIAN
VEHICULAR wherever they the get space along
PEDESTRIAN the road. PARKING SPACE

PARKING SPACE N

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

AADYA AGRAWAL 11

AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET FACILITIES LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET
DRINKING WATER
FACILITY

PARKING
LOTS

EATING
SHOPS

MONEY
EXCHANGER

MULTI LEVEL
PARKING
+ AIR
CONDITIONED ATMs
CAFES,
RESTAURANTS
GREEN PARK-
PUBLIC SEATING/CHILDREN
TOILET EATERIES PUBLIC
TOILETS PLAY AREA
BLOCKS

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET MARKET PROFILE LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

• There are shoe shops, utensil • This market has shops of

shops, garment shops, food clothes, shoes, accessories,
shops, toy shops, furniture Costume jewellery, general
shops and so on, to cater to stores, home
every need of an individual. decoration, crockery, etc.

• This market is famous among • The stuff/quality of material is

young generation because of good.
availability of trendy clothes
and fashionable items at • This market serves all age and
reasonable price. income groups due to
availability of variety in items at
• The market also provides a costly as well as affordable
space to hawkers, street rates.
shops, vendors to sell their
items. • This market also provides a
space to hawkers, street
SOURCE: Author
SOURCE: Author shops, vendors to sell their
items.
The market is a place where local community people (shopkeepers/hawkers/vendors) get engaged in
commercial activity to sell their products and earn some money. Commercial interaction happens between
seller and consumer.
ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN
AADYA AGRAWAL 13

AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET SECURITY LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

• The security is a major

issue in the non-
hierarchical central
markets, No security
system is available-
anyone can enter easily
with explosive materials
etc.

• No CCTv camera is
installed and no security
guards and security
checking.

• During festivals like

Diwali, Holi, Eid etc
Temporary Security posts
are created but no guard
available.

• Poor Security
management. SOURCE: Author

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

AADYA AGRAWAL 14

AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET USER PROFILE LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

• The customer of this market • This market serves all age

is mostly college students and group and all income group
middle class people as the people but percentage of
products are cheap and trendy. women is more as known for
selling the best collection of
• The space occupies a salwar suits and kurtis.
vibrant character with different
types of visitors, even the • FOREIGNERS also visit to
foreigner/tourists also visit to these markets due to
these markets due to great availability of variety of
bargaining available and products including the daily
variety of products. needs and antiques.

• Families also come for • Families also come for

shopping, spending some shopping, spending some time
time, but in less amount. along with their children.
USERS USERS

SOURCE: Author
26% STUDENTS STUDENTS SOURCE: Author
36%
46%
FOREIGNER FOREIGNER
14% 60% FAMILIES FAMILIES
18%

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

 SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET Usage: morning (11 am) LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

During morning time, the users start visiting to the

market and they look for an overview of the
products sell by the market.
They are not concentrated at one point. Nearby
During morning time, the users start coming and surrounding is also retail space like showrooms etc.
distribution is sparse towards shops and stalls so high income groups visit to that space.
GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN
ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET Usage: afternoon (2 pm) LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

During afternoon time, the users are mostly

found at eating points and the benches provided
During afternoon time, the users get concentrated along the green space. The seating availability in
towards eating points, atms and somewhat green this market attracts more users and serves all age
space. groups.
ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN
AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET Usage: evening (6 pm) LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

During evening time, the users are attracted to During evening time, the users are still attracted
eating points, distributed all over the market to eating points. Green space is used for
space and some start returning back because of resting, sitting and children play area. Due to
poor lighting & security system. security issue, mostly users start returning back.
ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN
AADYA AGRAWAL
AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)
SAROJINI NAGAR MARKET ACTIVITIES LAJPAT NAGAR MARKET

• The activities happen repetitively in the markets
daily by different people.
• In Sarojini nagar market, the activities happen are as:
1. Teenager/ Students- They love
eating, shopping, chatting with each other, taking
photographs, spending time together.
2. FOREIGNERS- They go markets for
shopping, eating, watching the Indian people and
their culture, taking photographs.
3. FAMILIES- Mothers spend time with their
children, chatting each other
, shopping, eating, refreshment from daily routine
The market is also place for social interaction between seller and buyers, where customers bargain for
products they want to buy and thus it also creates a bond between them. There are commercial activities
happening with non-commercial activities.
• In Lajpat nagar market, the activities happen are as:
1. Teenager/ Students- They love
eating, shopping, chatting with each other, taking
photographs, spending time together.
2. FOREIGNERS- They go markets for
shopping, eating, watching the Indian people and
their culture, taking photographs.
3. FAMILIES- Mothers spend time with their
children, chatting each
other, shopping, eating, refreshment from daily
routine.
4. CHILDREN- Children play in green park with other
childrens/ family member where swings are also
installed for them. They enjoy outdoor activities
happening in the market.

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

 USAGE PATTERN

WEEKLY MONTHLY

HIGH HIGH

MED MED

LOW LOW

SUN MON TUES WED THU FRI SAT JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

The usage of space varies according to time of day and day of week. Weekends and any holiday have good
footfall. Yearly the festive months like March, July, November have large number of footfalls.

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

 ISSUES
• Encroachment by Hawkers, vendors on market
pavements which become a problem for users to
move in congested space- “NO SPACE TO
WALK”

• Parking problem- no proper parking

management as people waste most of their time
in parking the car.

• No proper seating space is available nor

maintained if any, so people feel uncomfortable
and tired when returning from market.

• During Festivals, the market space become

overcrowded.

• Unhygienic and not maintained/ cleaned

properly by market association.

•No proper lighting and signage are installed for

comfort of users.

SOURCE: Author

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

 ANALYSIS/
INFERENCES

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

PARAMETERS SAROJINI MARKET LAJPAT MARKET INFERENCE

1. ACCESSIBILITY EASILY APPROCHABLE, EASILY APPROCHABLE, People visit frequently

PEDESTRIANIZED PEDESTRIANIZED if its easily accessible.

2. FACILITIES LACK OF FACILITIES LIKE- LACK OF FACILTIIES Improvement in

OUTDOOR FURNITURE, LIKE- OUTDOOR facilities can increase
SITTING SPACE, etc FURNITURE, etc the footfalls.

3. USERS STUDENTS, TOURISTS ALL AGE GROUPS Features of market

decide the users.

4. SOCIAL EATING, SHOPPING, EATING, SHOPPING, MARKET IS SITE

ACTIVITIES MEETING EACH OTHER, MEETING EACH OTHER, FOR SOCIAL
GOSSIPING, SPENDING INTERACTION WITH GROWTH, BUT
TIME, INTERACTION WITH SELLER, GOSSIPING, BETTER
SELLER. KIDS PLAYING, FACILITIES ARE
SPENDING TIME. REQUIRED.

5. SECURITY NOT PROPERLY MANAGED NOT PROPERLY Security system is

MANAGED must.
6. PROBLEMS ENCROACHMENT, ENCROACHMENT, Proper Management is
UNHYGEINIC, PARKING, UNHYGEINIC, PARKING, required as market
UNSECURED, IMPROPER UNSECURED, IMPROPER attracts the people.
LIGHTING etc LIGHTING etc 23
ANALYSIS (SURVEYS)

USER IDENTIFCATION

The market’s user is women

33% dominant. Percentage of
men is found to be less than
FEMALE
67% that of women. Women are
MALE
the main user of the studied.

DO YOU LIKE GOING MARKETS

WITH WHOM

18% 9% 16%
13%
FAMILY
YES FRIENDS
82%
NO ALONE
62%
OTHERS

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

 PURPOSE OF GOING HOW MUCH TIME SPEND

SHOPPING
0%
10%
15% 1 HOUR
FUN
27% 1-2 HOUR
56% 25%
HANGOUT WITH 60% 2-3 HOUR
7%
FRIENDS >3 HOURS
SPENDING TIME

FREQUENCY OF VISIT HOW DO YOU FEEL RETURNING FROM

MARKET

HAPPY/
ONCE IN A
14% 17% 13% SATISFIED
WEEK
19% TIRED
ONCE IN A
67% MONTH
SPEND GOOD
WHENEVR GET 70%
TIME
TIME

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

POTENTIAL AREAS

Red dotted lines show 2 potential areas in 3 existing green parks can be utilized for
Sarojini nagar Market which are under- recreational facilities with provision of
used and these green spaces can become public place elements in Lajpat nagar
space for resting, outdoor food Market
courts, kiosks etc.
ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN
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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

PROPOSALS- DESIGN FEATURES

SIGNAGES LIGHTING SYSTEM NATURAL ELEMENTS-

TREES/WATER

SEATING SPACE PUBLIC AMENITIES OPEN CAFES/FOOD COURTS

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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AS SOCIAL SPACE…. M.ARCH SEM-3 (RECREATION ARCH.)

CONCLUSION

• Markets are space for socializing for all age groups in the community especially women.

• Markets are space for gathering, meeting, interacting with new people/friends and spending
good time.

• Market is a place in the community where social and economical relationships both happen.

• Market offers mingling of different cultures, different people coming from different locations.

• For successful market: public facilities, outdoor furniture, parking facility, attracting features like
cafes/restaurants, kids play area should be available.

• The lack of policy and strategy for markets at national levels need to be addressed. National and
local policy can help in encouraging and support markets’ role as a key social and economic space
for local community.

ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL MARKETS GUIDED BY- Ar. AYLA KHAN

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29