HI

NDUSTANAERONAUTI
CSLI
MITED
(Engi
neDi
vi
sion,
Kor
aput
)

Pr
oject
-SPLI
TAC
AI
RCONDI
TIONI
NG

Thisist heprocessofr emov i

ngheatf rom aconf inedspace,thus
cooli
ngt heair,andremov i
nghumi di
ty.Airconditi
oningcanbeusedi n
bothdomest i
candcommer ci
alenvir
onment s.Thispr ocessismost
commonl yusedt oachieveamor ecomf ortabl
ei nteriorenvir
onment,
typi
call
yf orhumansorani mals;howev er,ai
rcondi t
ioningi sal
soused
tocool/dehumidifyroomsf i
ll
edwithheat -
producingel ectroni
cdevi
ces,
suchascomput erserv
ers,powerampl i
fi
ers,andev ent odispl
ayand
stor
ear twork.

Aircondi t
ionersoftenuseaf ant odistr
ibutetheconditionedai rtoan
occupiedspacesuchasabui l
dingoracart oimprov et
her mal comf ort
andi ndoorai rquality
.Elect
ricrefri
gerant-basedACuni tsrangef rom
smal lunit
st hatcancoolasmal lbedroom,whi chcanbecar ri
edbya
singleadult,tomassi veunit
sinstall
edont heroofofofficetower sthat
cancoolanent ir
ebui ldi
ng.Thecool ingist ypi
call
yachievedt hrougha
refr
igerati
oncy cl
e, butsomet i
mesev aporati
onorf reecoolingi sused.
Aircondi ti
oning sy st
emscan al so bemadebased on desi ccants
(chemi cal
swhi chr emov emoi sturef r
om t heair)andsubt erraneous
pipest hatcan di stri
butetheheat ed refri
gerantt othegr ound f or
cooling.

The f i
rst air condit
ioners and refri
gerators empl oy
ed t oxic or
fl
ammabl egases,suchasammoni a,met hylchlor i
de,orpropane,that
couldresul
ti nfatalacci
dentswhent heyl eaked.ThomasMi dgley,Jr
.
creat
ed the fir
stnon- fl
ammabl e,non-toxicchl orofl
uorocarbon gas,
Freon,i
n1928.Thenamei sat r
ademar knameownedbyDuPontf or
any chlor
ofluorocarbon (CFC),hydrochlorofl
uor ocarbon (HCFC) ,or
hydr
ofluorocarbon(HFC)r
efri
ger
ant
.Ther efr
igerantnamesi ncl
udea
numberi ndi
cat i
ngthemol
ecul
arcomposi
tion(e.g.,R-
11,R-12,R-
22,R-
134A).Thebl endmostusedindir
ect
-expansionhomeandbui ldi
ng
comfortcoolingisanHCFCknownaschlorodi
fluoromethane(R-22).

TYPES-

Spl
i
tAC

Wi
ndowAC

SPLI
TAC

Aspl itairconditi
oneri
sasui tabl
ealter
nati
vetowall,wi
ndow,or
centrali
zed ai r condi
ti
oner systems.Of t
en call
ed mi ni
-spli
t,
ductless spli
t,orduct -fr
ee aircondit
ioni
ng,thi
s syst
em can
adequat ely cool a st andar
d-si
zed house wi t
hout requir
ing
extensiveinstal
lati
oncostsandeffort
s.

Spli
tairconditioner
sarehomeappl i
ancesthatdonotr equi
re
ductwork, which reduces energy expendi
tur
es. Stil
l
, many
homeowner s shy away from a splitaircondit
ionersy st
em
becausetheydonotknowhowi tworksorwhyitisaviabl
eopt i
on
forcool
ingdown.
Component
s
Asplitaircondi ti
oneri smadeupoft wopr i
marypart
st hatavery
famil
iar:t he ev aporatorand t he compr essor.Both oft hese
elementsexi stismor ecommoncent r
alairunitsandwal lair
conditi
oner s.Thedi f
ferencewi t
hami ni
-spl
itsyst
em isthatthey
aresepar atedi ntot wodi ff
erent,di
stantcomponents,onebei ng
outdoors and one bei ng indoors.The out doorsect i
on isa
compr essort hati nit
iat
est hecool ingprocess,whil
et heindoor
componentconsi stsofanev aporatorandfan.
Thet wosect i
onsar econnect edwi t
hasetofel ect
ricalwi
resand
tubing,alsocalledlines,usedt ot r
ansportairbetweent het wo
sections.It
'stheselinest hatal
low thespl
itACt obeconsi dered
duct l
ess,andthef actthatt hewiresandtubingaresosmal land
discreetcompar edtol argeduct siswherethe" mini"spl
i
tname
comesf r
om.

Funct
ion
Thecompr essoriscont roll
edbyani nternalt
hermostat.Ast he
thermostatdet ect
swar m air
,itacti
vatestheoutdoorcompr essor
.
The compr essorcirculates a refr
igerantgas,i ncr
easing the
pressur
eandt emperatureoft herefri
gerantasitcompr essesit
through aser iesofpi pes.Ther efr
igerantthen movest ot he
condenserf orfurt
herprocessing.

I
nt hecondenser,acooli
ngsystem r
emovesheatfr
om thehigh-
pressur
egasandt hegaschangesphaseandbecomesal iqui
d.
Thischi
ll
edli
quidispushedt
hroughtubi
ngindoor
sunti
li
treaches
theevapor
atorsyst
em.

Insidet hehome, theev aporatorfancollect

swar m ai
randpasses
i
tt hroughachambercont ai
ningthechi l
ledli
quidref
ri
gerant.The
fansy st em blowst hisair,whichhasnowbeencool ed,backinto
ther oom,l oweringt heov erallt
emper atureoft hespace.Ifthe
thermost atstil
ldet ectsai rthatiswar mert handesir
able,the
processcont inues,andt herefri
gerantandanyexcessheatt hat
remai ns i nt he sy stem ar e passed back out doorst ot he
compr essorinor dertobegi nthecycleagain.
Benef
it
sofSpl
i
tAi
rSy
stems
LessEner
gyLoss

A Spli
tairconditi
oneris compactand i solated bet
ween two
l
ocali
zedcomponentsect i
ons,sot her
ei sv eryli
tt
leopportunit
y
forheatandotherenergytoescapet hesy stem.Central
izedair
condi
ti
oningsyst
emswast eenor mousamount sofenergyduet o
heatexchangeintheaircondit
ionerductsy stem.Howev er,thi
s
probl
em i
sv i
rt
ual
lyeli
minat
edinaspl i
tairconditi
onersyst
em.

LessHeatLoss

Spli
tairconditionersystemsarepreferabletowindowandwal lair
conditi
oninguni tsaswel l
.Alt
hought helatterar
esmal landeasy
toinstal
l,theydonotpr ovi
dereli
ablecool i
ngtoal argespaceor
to multi
pler ooms.Ev en wit
ht horoughlysealed windowsand
walls,
theseai rcondit
ionerunit
sallowf orheattoenterthespace,
parti
all
ynegat i
ngt heeffect
softhesy stem.

Tar
get
edHeat
ingandCool
i
ng

Addi
ti
onall
y,i
t'
spossi
bletohavemoret hanoneindoorevapor
ator
andfan.Youcoul
dhav eoneineachr oom orareaofy ourhome
and run them each independent
ly with only one outdoor
compressor.Thi
scombinestheeffi
ciencyandcust
omizat
ionofa
spaceheaterorf
anwit
ht heconveni
enceofcentral
air
.

Af
for
dabl
eInst
all
ati
on

Spli
taircondi t
ioner sarecompact ,easyt ooperat
eandmai ntain,
andrelativ
elyinexpensi ve.Theydor equir
esomeel ect
ri
calwiri
ng
andot herspecializedinstall
ati
ont echniques,soitisadvi
sabl
et o
hir
eapr ofessi
onalai rconditi
oneri nstal
lertosetupt hesystem.
Howev er,oncet hesy stem isi nstal
led,mosthomeowner sf i
nd
thatitisacheap,ener gy-ef
fi
cientwayofadequat elycontr
olli
ng
theheatwi thi
nt hehome.

Di
sadv
ant
ages
1.
Init
ialCost
:Aspli
tACmightcostmoret
hantwiceasmuchasa
window AC.About70per centofnew i
nst
all
ati
onsar
ewindow
ACsand30per centar
espi
tACs.
2.I
nstall
ationCost:I
nstal
li
ngaspl i
tACi scomplicatedandt akes
farmor elabor.Theoveral
lcost
st oinstal
lonearef argreat
erthan
awi ndowAC.Thef art
heraspli
tACcompr essorisfrom thespace
tocool,themor einvol
vedisthetubingneededt ocar r
ythecooled
air
,whichi ncr
easesthecostofinstall
i
ngaspl i
tAC.
3.
Location:
Generall
yspeaki
ng,aspl itAC isimpract
icaloreven
i
mpossi bl
eforanapar tmentlocatedf arf
rom thegr
oundwher e
outdoorcompressorsareusuall
ylocated.Aspl
itACcangenerall
y
pushair30to40f eett
otheareat obecooled.
Key dif
ference:The maj ordiff
erence between Spli
tAC and
WindowACl i
esinthei
rstruct
ureandmodi fi
cati
on.ASplitAChas
twomai ncomponent s,acondenserawayf r
om i t
sev apor
ator
whichliesinsidethefurnace;whileasi mpleWi ndow AC isa
combinedst r
uctur
eofall
itscomponentswi t
hinoneunit.
Airconditi
onersandt hei
rdesi gnshavechangedaccor dingtothe
developmentandneed.AC’ sar eknowntobeatandmai nt
ainthe
coolingenv i
ronmentast heybeatt hehotandhumi dheat .Inthe
mar kettoday,therearemanyt y
pesofairconditi
oner’
swhi char e
opted in accor dance to need,among t hem aret he spli
tand
Window Ac’ s.Thoughbot ht heairconditi
onerswor konsi milar
basiccool i
ngt echnol
ogies,Spl i
tAC’saremor efamousbecause
oft heirstr
uctur ecomf ortandcool ingcapacity
;whi leWi ndow
AC’sal sof eaturethesamedesi gnbuthav eacl assicwi ndow
str
uct ur
ewi thcompar ati
velycheapercostpr i
cethant hatofSpl i
t
AC.
Ai
rcondit
ioni
ngi
sef
fect
ivewhent
her
oom y
ouwantt
ocool
iswel
l
i
nsulat
ed.
I
naspl i
tAC,thecondenserthati
nter
actswit
htheambientstays
outsi
detheroom y
ouwantt ocoolandtheev
aporat
orst
aysinside
theroom y
ouwantt ocool
Inawi ndow ACthatpr
ovi
sioni
snotthere,i
tdependsont he
i
nstall
ati
on but as wi
ndow AC has a compr essor whi
ch
experi
encestempof140Fit'sv
erydi
ff
icul
ttoisol
atetheheat
source
Thewi
ndowacmaybecool
i
ngt
her
oom butt
heheatf
rom t
he
Ambient+compr
essorbodyheatet c.
..candampent
hecool
i
ng
ef
fectwhi
chcoul
dreducetheef
fi
ciency.
Spli
tACaregoodatisol
ati
ngheatsour
ces,theyar
ealsoabet
ter
choicewhenyouarelooki
ngtocoolar oom whencompar
edt o
windowAC