Marvi Kaushik

2018CHZ8085

Low temperature NOx reduction

NOx emissions are regulated due to their toxicity and detrimental effect on health. Lean NOx Traps
(LNT) , Three way Catalysts (TWC) and NH3-Selective Catalytic Reduction (NH3-SCR) with optimized
formulations are highly effective in reducing NOx.1-3 However, at low temperature all the after-
treatment devices are ineffective due to kinetic limitations. Cold start is defined as the low
temperature situation at which the catalyst start warming up to reach the ambient temperature.4,5
In order to meet the stringent regulations of low exhaust temperatures, cold start emissions need to
be reduced.

Passive NOx Adsorbers (PNA) have been proposed to address these cold start emissions. PNA adsorb
NOx at low temperature and release them at functional temperature for further reduction by
already existing after treatment devices. Since Cold start is a transient process with short duration
therefore the amount of NOx generated during this time is fixed. PNAs are able to overcome the
catalytic reduction reaction challenge by simply adsorbing NOx at low temperatures instead of
converting them immediately. 5,6 When the exhaust temperature eventually reaches 2000C(active
temperature for NH3-SCR) all the adsorbed NOx is desorbed for further reduction.

Zeolite-supported Pd catalysts for low-temperature NO adsorption have recently attracted great

interest due to their low temperature NO trapping efficiency and storage capacity along with their
capability to resist sulphur poisoning.7 The nature of Pd species present in zeolites is a function of
acid strength, Al distribution, zeolite structure, Pd loading, pretreatment and reaction conditions.8-10
considerable amount of Pd is present as PdOx clusters which are highly distributed and dispersed on
outer surface of zeolite.9,10 The complex nature of Pd supported on zeolites make it difficult to
unravel the structure-function relations for no adsorption/desorption. The present study aims to
investigate the NOx storage mechanism and active sites for its adsorption on different zeolites:
mainly BEA, SSZ-13 and ZSM-5.

References

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3. Khivantsev, N.R. Jaegers, L. Kovarik, J.C. Hanson, F.F. Tao, Y. Tang, X. Zhang, I.Z. Koleva, H.A.
Aleksandrov, G.N. Vayssilov, Y. Wang, F. Gao, J. Szanyi, Angew. Chemie (2018)

4. S. Epling, RSC Catal. Ser. (2018), pp. 104–126

5. Y. Ryou, J. Lee, H. Lee, C.H. Kim, D.H. Kim, Catal. Today 320 (2019) 175–180.
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A. Porta, T. Pellegrinelli, L. Castoldi, R. Matarrese, S. Morandi, S. Dzwigaj, L. Lietti, Top. Catal.
(2018).
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7. H.-Y. Chen, J.E. Collier, D. Liu, L. Mantarosie, D. Durn-Martn, V. Novk, R.R. Rajaram, D.
Thompsett, Catal. Letters 146 (2016) 1706–1711

8. A. Vu, J. Luo, J. Li, W.S. Epling, Catal. Lett. 147 (2017) 745–750