Knowledge Sharing Session 2018

PEMBANGUNAN GUNATANAH DAN PENGURUSAN SUMBER AIR :

PEMILIHAN PENYESUAIAN YANG MAMPAN
Landuse Development and Water Resources Management :
Sustainable Adaption Options

Ir. Abdullah Isnin

Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran, Malaysia
Kementerian Air, Tanah dan Sumber Asli

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Awam dan Alam Sekitar

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

16 Disember 2018
 PRESENTATION OUTLINE
1. Introduction to Water Resources
2. Landuse Impact - Source to Sea Approach
3. Water Resource Management Tools
4. Case Study - Sustainable Options for Sg
Muda River Basin
Introduction to Water Resources

Source : Pinterest
GLOBAL WATER RESOURCE

A B C

97.47% 2.53% 0.76%

13.51 Mil KM3 0.35 Mil KM3 0.11 Mil KM3

0.01%
OCEAN FRESH WATER GROUNDWATER

0.001 Mil KM3

River/Lakes
Limited Water Resource
5
6
WATER SHORTAGE IN MALAYSIA

2,940 mm Available
Rainfall in Malaysia

Deficit in 2020
-134 mm
5 in 14
Melaka
Selangor -182 mm
States in Malaysia Kedah mm -207 mm
are supply deficit
Perlis -293 mm
Pulau Pinang - 670 mm

34,526 Million
in 2020 59%
(Medium Demand from
Potable Water in
Projection) 2020.
WATER CONSUMPTION

807 MM global precipitation 2,940 MM Malaysia precipitation

16,427 M3/year water per capita 83 M3/year water per capita

Water per capita per NRW

person
56.3%
Malaysia 215 Perlis HIGHEST NRW among the states in Malaysia
Singapore 150
8
 WATER SCENARIO IN MALAYSIA

Peninsular Malaysia Sarawak Sabah

2496 mm 3640 mm 2560 mm

971 BCM 6%

43% Evaporation - 413 BCM Surface Runoff - 494 BCM Groundwater - 64 BCM
165,000,000 197,000,000 25,000,000

Water Demand : 16.7 BCM (2018) to 17.2 BCM in 2020 WR value RM20billion
WATER DEMAND IN MALAYSIA

Population Population

2018 2050
Water Demand Water Demand
16,700 MCM 17,233 MCM
32 Mil 43 Mil
Water Source Work Water Source Work
• Upstream • Upstream
• Groundwater • Groundwater
• Rainwater harvesting • Off-river Storage
• Reclaimed effluent from • Multipurpose retention
STP lakes/reservoir
• River bank filtration
• Rainwater Harvesting
• Reclaimed Effluent
From STP
INTERGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IWRM)

ENABLING
ENVIRONMENT

IWRM

INSTITUTIONAL MANEGEMENT
SETUP INTSRUMEMTS
(TOOLS)

MSAN
Platform for consultation between federal
and state govt.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

MANAGE Integrated Water Management

human
activities
Water Resources Water Supply Waste Water

MINISTRY OF WATER, LAND AND

NATURAL RESOURCES (KATS)

12
Landuse Impact - Source to Sea Approach

Source : Pinterest
 The S2S Approach

» S2S is an approach that aims to produce

multiple environmental benefits along the S2S
continuum
» Recognizes that agriculture and food systems
are key drivers of environmental degradation
across landscapes
» Uses water as an entry point for tracing ENHANCE
ecosystem flows and developing
multidisciplinary investments positive flows
(clean water, biota, biodiversity)
» Seeks to align environmental and
economic/production objectives
REDUCE
» Utilizes management tools and approaches
negative flows
(pollution, sediments, excess water)
 Alignment with Sustainable Water
Watershed Resources Management Impact Program
protection
Reduced
Pollution
Increase Water
Productivity
GHG
Reductions
Agrobiodiversity &
Healthy Fisheries
 Barriers Project Components and Outputs
Component 1: Strengthening the enabling environment to support more integrated
landscape-scale management of natural resources
1. Weak enabling environment to support 1. Measures to strengthen cross-sectoral management of key S2S flows are identified
2. Key S2S flows and their impacts are assessed
and promote management of key S2S 3. Current policy and regulations to support S2S flows are reviewed and updated
4. Incentives to support key S2S flows are identified, piloted and scaled up
flows
Component 2: Improving planning and capacity to better address S2S flow management
2. Limited capacity to implement and 1. Development and framework and process for aligning water, land use and coastal planning,
focused on key S2S flows
better achieve and develop effective 2. Support to improve guidance on new S2S flow management approaches through FFS,
improve flow management provided
natural resource management at 3. Support to local groups to develop and better market products from sustainable production
landscape scale provided

Component 3: Demonstration, promotion and scaling up of proven management

3. Lack of widespread innovative
management interventions in natural and
man-made systems to support key S2S
flows
4. Inadequate baseline data, monitoring
and assessment systems and knowledge
management systems to support
evidence-based decision-making
Note: Inadequate treatment facilities for sewage/wastewater leading
to discharge of untreated effluents into aquatic systems is OUTSIDE
PROJECT SCOPE, but could possibly be addressed by a partner
programme
interventions to support positive S2S flows and reduce negative S2S flows to better deliver
sustainable natural resource management
1. Piloting and introduction of advances in agricultural land and water management (irrigation,
groundwater, soil conservation, etc)
2. CSA technology practices to support S2S flows (including carbon mitigation) piloted and
introduced
3. Improved management practices applied to fisheries/aquaculture to support key S2S flows
4. Habitat management practices to improve key S2S flows applied to sites of high BD and
ecosystem service value within and outside of protected areas
Component 4: Improving monitoring and assessment (M&A), and knowledge management
for S2S decision-making
1. M&A tools and systems for key S2S flows (water accounting, Collect Earth, agri-map)
established
2. M&A system to measure socio-economic impacts in the S2S system established
3. S2S knowledge management system established and knowledge, experiences and lessons
learned captured, documented and shared with policy makers and other stakeholders
4. Participation in IW:Learn and IW:LME and related forums
Source to Sea and Sustainable Rice Landscapes
 Source-to-sea approach to Sustainable Rice Landscapes

RICE-FISH WATER:

1. Landscape scale integrated approach

2. Enhances biodiversity on-farm, across
watersheds, in coastal and marine areas
3. Addresses potential threats to successful
rice-fish systems (eg. pollution from
upstream)
4. Facilitates new cooperation between
water managers and farmers
5. Climate change?
» Component 1: Enabling Environment
• Incentives, innovative financing, sectoral
coordination, policy and regulatory reviews Food Systems Land Use Restoration
Impact Program
» Component 2: Source to Sea
• Natural resource management for enhanced
biodiversity off-farm, upstream-downstream SOURCE TO SEA
harmonization, irrigation performance, watershed
management, green infrastructure, wetland Sustainable Rice
restoration, chemicals, plastics and links to the ENHANCE Landscapes
REDUCE
blue economy and LMEs…
Private
positive flows Sector $$$ negative flows
(clean water, biota, (pollution, sediments,
» Component 3: Sustainable Rice Landscapes biodiversity) excess water)

• Sustainable production systems, on-farm focus,

links to green value chains, IPM, biodiversity IW
enhancement, sustainable diversification, rice-
fish, private sector engagement, SRP…
Chemicals & Waste Large Marine Ecosystem
» Component 4: Monitoring and Knowledge
Management
• Water and natural capital accounting,
CollectEarth, IW Learn
Water Resources Management Tools

Source : Pinterest
NATIONAL WATER BALANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Stakeholders’ priorities; participation of government,

land developers, water users and local community –
Planning permission for Local Planning Approval

Land use change and uncertain weather

patterns; requires water balance model and decision
support – to help state water manager to alert the
water status in daily operation

Water resources availability;

allocation system in place

Exploration of groundwater
resource potential; investigation and

NAWABS
assessment

Coordination of structures operated by

different entities: consideration on the impact
JPS MALAYSIA from operation of dams; barrages; abstraction,
storage

Gaps in knowledge of water availability;

Enhance information on water availability using
measurement tools for water resources management
HYDROINFOMATICS
CONTROL CENTRE NAWABS

22
NAWABS COMPONENTS (SUMMARY)

5 INTEGRATED
NAWABS MODEL
STUDIES

CETRALISED
DATA 9
“WEB DMSS OUTPUTS
BASED”

TRAINING TO
DISSEMINATION DID OFFICER & AWARENES
“LIVE OUTPUT” STAKEHOLDER S
ENGAGEMENT
WHAT NAWABS CAN DO??
Provide answer on the flow contributed by each
hydrologic component in the basin

Hydraulic modelling – assess the hydraulic conveyance

efficiency
MIKE HYDRO Basin
Current & Forecast on Water Avaibility & Water Demand
Water Availability & Water Demand

Planning and water prioritisation/allocation on the water resources MIKE 11 + NAM

during drought

Quantify the Water availability for surface and

groundwater

Surface Runoff
Water Level

MIKE SHE Water Allocation

Saline Intrusion
Groundwater
25
NAWABS OUTCOME

OUTCOME 14
days warning
Centralized Decision Making tools on 1. Improved water security and
IWRM for Water Resource Manager sustainability of water resources
(long term planning and distribution)

2
allocation/storages
on 9 main outputs which are : 2. National priority to ensure adequate
and safe water for all
1. Water Accounting System 3. public preparedness
months alert 2. Water Demand Option System
3. Water Availability System

5
4. Water Prioritisation System
5. Water Allocation System
6. Water Quality System
MAJOR SECTOR 7. Water Storing and releasing
during low and high flows
DOMESTIC 8. Water Resources Index and
IRRIGATION Drought Index
9. Water Auditing System
NON-IRRIGATION
LIVESTOCK
FISHERIES
Case Study : Sustainable Options for
Sg Muda River Basin
a. Scenario 2016 – Case Study
b. Water Availability & Demand Analysis – up
to 2050
c. Sustainable Options
d. Conclusions
 El-Nino in 2016

• El-Nino has a major influence

PEAK VALUE
on the water balance (water
security) of the basin
• ENSO Index 2.5 max value in
2015-16
• Recent El-Nino event (2015-
16) has had warmer sea
AVERAGE VALUE
temperatures up to March
compare to other years

2015-16 Oceanic Nino Index (°C)

29
 El-Nino in 2016 – Sg Muda River Basin

El Nino Development El Nino Peak El Nino Decaying

40
• Sg Muda Basin rainfall in 2016
% Change from Long-term Average

20
was less affected compared
to events in 1980s and 1990s
0 • Drought conditions in 2016
– worst impact to demand
-20 activity (from PLSM
experience)
-40 • Rainfalls recovered from
May-2016
-60
• Total basin rainfall for 2016
-80
was about 90% of long-term
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D average (1960-2016)
1982-1983 1997-1998 2015-2016
Sg Muda Basin rainfall anomalies (% w.r.t 1982-2016 climatology)
30
 El-Nino in 2016 – Sg Muda River Basin

• Jun-Nov 2015 shows Normal

anomalies in Sg Muda River basin
Muda Basin Muda Basin
• Dry anomalies over the catchment
occur after Dec-2105
• Negative anomalies (difference from
long-term average) during the dry
seasons exacerbated drought
conditions in these areas.
• Largest positive anomalies appear to
be located over the coastal areas
during the evolution of the El Nino - Muda Basin Muda Basin

missing the dam catchments.

31
 Sg Muda Schematic Diagram
Pedu Dam Saiong Tunnel
(1,080 MCM Active Stor.) 7 Muda Dam (154 MCM Active Stor.)

Tawar Muda Dam (Proposed 110 MCM Active Stor.)

SN Location Nami Sik 13.1 MLD
14

1Sedim di Merbau Pulas Lubuk Merbau 6.5 MLD

2Karangan di Titi Karangan Jeneri 18.0 MLD 8 Beris Dam (114 MCM Active Stor.)
3Muda di Batu Pekaka Jeniang 19.1 MLD
4Muda di Jeniang Jeniang 4
New Jeniang/ Sik 25.0 MLD Sg Chepir
5Ketil di Kuala Pegang 9
Teloi Kanan 2.1 MLD Batu Lima 10.0 MLD
6Muda di Victoria Bukit Selambau 30.0 MLD 10
7Muda Dam Location Baling Lama 5.5 MLD
8Beris Dam Location Jambatan Syed Omar
11
Sg Ketil Baling Baru 10 MLD
5
Kuala Ketil 35.0 MLD
9Chepir Subcatchment Kuala Pegang Sg Limau 18.2 MLD
Landak (Sg Limau) 43 MLD
10Tembak Subcatchment 3 Sg Sedim
12 1
11Ketil Subcatchment Ldg Victoria 6
13 Bikan 5.9 MLD
12Sedim Subcatchment Kulim Hi-Tech 300.0 MLD
Sg Karangan Mengkuang Dam
13Karangan Subcatchment Sg. Petani 181.8 MLD 2
(73MCM Active stor.)
14Sok Subcatchment Pinang Tunggal 45.5 MLD Sg Kulim
Kemubung & Pantai Cicak 86 MLD
15Entire Basin Sidam Kiri 86 MLD Sidam Kanan 86 MLD
Pantai Prai 130 MLD Terat Batu 14 MLD
Pinang Tunggal (K) 130 MLD Pinang Tunggal (P) 216 MLD
PBAPP WTP
Legend Lahar Tiang (PBAPP 1,228 MLD) Sg Dua 900 MLD
Pekula 260 MLD Bumbung Lima (P) 1,100 MLD expanded to 1,114 MLD
Existing Dam Proposed Dam Kota Dua 430 MLD
BARRAGES
Water Supply Irrigation 15

32 River Gauge Barrage Residual Flow

Average flow to sea = 10,516 MLD
SG. MUDA SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Dry Season Year
400

350

Monthly Residual Flow (MCM)

Recent years dry 300
season residual flow 250
for the basin shown 200
for: 150
1. 2010
100
2. 2014
50
3. 2015
0
4. 2016 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Avge (1960-2016) 1:5yr Drought (2001) 1:50yr Drought (2005) 2010
2014 2015 2016
 2016 Case Study - Water Balance
800 Water Abstraction/Demands in 2016 and Basin Runoff

• Water Supply abstractions 700

from the river (downstream of

600
Muda Dam) exceed irrigation

Abstraction Volume (MCM)

abstractions 500

• On average, irrigation demand 400

is about 40% of total demand
(and around 30% in drought 300
years)
200

• During March 2016 both

100
demand was affected
especially demand from water
0
supply (deficit 30 MCM) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water Supply Irrigation Average (1960-2016) 1:50 Drought 2016
Scenario of Water Avaibility & Water Demand in March 2010 - 20150
160

140

120
Monthly Volumen in March (MCM)

100

80

60

40

20

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

1:50 yr drought Water Supply & Irrigation Demand - Medium

Total Demand (Irrigation + Water Supply + Other Demand) - Medium Water Supply - Medium
35
Sustainable Options
Option 1 - with Beris Release 5 cumecs (existing dam)
160

140

120
Monthly Volumen in March (MCM)

100

80

60

40

20

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

1:50 yr drought Water Supply & Irrigation Demand - Medium

Total Demand (Irrigation + Water Supply + Other Demand) - Medium with Beris Dam Release 5 m3/s
Water Supply - Medium 37
Option 2 - with 15 MCM ORS
160

140

120
Monthly Volumen in March (MCM)

100

80

60

40

20

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

1:50 yr drought Water Supply & Irrigation Demand - Medium

Total Demand (Irrigation + Water Supply + Other Demand) - Medium with 15 MCM ORS
with Beris Dam Release 5 m3/s Water Supply - Medium

38
Option 3 - with 15 MCM ORS
160

140

120
Monthly Volumen in March (MCM)

100

80

60

40

20

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

1:50 yr drought Water Supply & Irrigation Demand - Medium

Total Demand (Irrigation + Water Supply + Other Demand) - Medium with 15 MCM ORS
with Beris Dam Release 5 m3/s with Tawar Muda Dam Release 5 m3/s
Water Supply - Medium
39
Option 3 - with 15 MCM ORS

ORS 8MCM

ORS 7MCM

40
Option 4 - with release Tawar Muda Dam 5 cumecs (new dam)
160

140

120
Monthly Volumen in March (MCM)

100

80

60

40

20

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

1:50 yr drought Water Supply & Irrigation Demand - Medium

Total Demand (Irrigation + Water Supply + Other Demand) - Medium with 15 MCM ORS
with Beris Dam Release 5 m3/s with Tawar Muda Dam Release 5 m3/s
Water Supply - Medium

41
Option 4 - with release Tawar Muda
Dam 5 cumecs (new dam)

Proposed Tawar-Muda Dam: Proposed Tawar Muda Dam

• 110 MCM gross storage volume
• Reservoir area 110 sqkm
• Catchment area 116 sqkm
• Dam height 55m

42
Option 5 - with release Reman Dam 5 cumecs (new dam)
160

140

120
Monthly Volumen in March (MCM)

100

80

60

40

20

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

1:50 yr drought Water Supply & Irrigation Demand - Medium

Total Demand (Irrigation + Water Supply + Other Demand) - Medium with 15 MCM ORS
with Beris Dam Release 5 m3/s with Tawar Muda Dam Release 5 m3/s
with Reman Dam Release 5 m3/s Water Supply - Medium
43
Option 6 - with release Reman Dam 10 cumecs (new dam, second release)
180

160

140
Monthly Volumen in March (MCM)

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

1:50 yr drought Water Supply & Irrigation Demand - Medium

Total Demand (Irrigation + Water Supply + Other Demand) - Medium with 15 MCM ORS
with Beris Dam Release 5 m3/s with Tawar Muda Dam Release 5 m3/s
with Reman Dam Release 5 m3/s with Reman Dam Release 10 m3/s
Water Supply - Medium

44
Option 6- with release Reman
Dam 10 cumecs

Proposed Reman Dam:

• 273 MCM gross storage volume
• Reservoir area 17.6 sqkm
• Catchment area 32.2 sqkm Proposed Reman Dam
• Dam height 30m
Option 7 - Raising of PBA Barrage as same level as PLSM barrage

• Reduce spills during dry season

• Improve water conservation
• Improve water security
• Can increase flood risks in downstream reaches

upstream

PBA Barrage PLSM Barrage

Option 8 - Feasibility study of lowering of SADA pumps and new intake structure
Pedu Dam Saiong Tunnel
(1,080 MCM Active Stor.) 7 Muda Dam (154 MCM Active Stor.)

Tawar Muda Dam (Proposed 110 MCM Active Stor.)

Feasibility study of lowering of intake
SN Location 14
Nami Sik 13.1 MLD
pumps by approx.
1Sedim1-2m atPulas
di Merbau critical Lubuk Merbau 6.5 MLD
2Karangan di Titi Karangan 8 Beris Dam (114 MCM Active Stor.)
SADA abstraction points and new
3Muda di Batu Pekaka
Jeneri 18.0 MLD
Jeniang 19.1 MLD
intake structure.
4Muda The study will
di Jeniang Jeniang 4
New Jeniang/ Sik 25.0 MLD Sg Chepir
improve water5Ketil
security during dry
di Kuala Pegang
Teloi Kanan 2.1 MLD
9
Batu Lima 10.0 MLD
6Muda di Victoria
season. Three locations
7Muda of SADA
Dam Location
Bukit Selambau 30.0 MLD 10
Baling Lama 5.5 MLD
intake are : 8Beris Dam Location Jambatan Syed Omar
11
Sg Ketil Baling Baru 10 MLD
5
Kuala Ketil 35.0 MLD
9Chepir Subcatchment Kuala Pegang Sg Limau 18.2 MLD
Landak (Sg Limau) 43 MLD
1. Kulim10Tembak
Hi-techSubcatchment
(existing min. 3
12
Sg Sedim 1
11Ketil Subcatchment Ldg Victoria 6
water12Sedim
level isSubcatchment
2.0m) Kulim Hi-Tech 300.0 MLD
13 Bikan 5.9 MLD
Sg Karangan Mengkuang Dam
2. Sg Petani (existing
13Karangan min.
Subcatchment Sg. Petani 181.8 MLD
Pinang Tunggal 45.5 MLD
2
(73MCM Active stor.) Sg Kulim
14Sok Subcatchment
water15Entire
level is 2.1m)
Basin Kemubung & Pantai Cicak 86 MLD
Sidam Kiri 86 MLD Sidam Kanan 86 MLD
3. Pinang Tunggal (existing min. Pantai Prai 130 MLD Terat Batu 14 MLD
Pinang Tunggal (K) 130 MLD Pinang Tunggal (P) 216 MLD
water level is 2.1m)
Legend Lahar Tiang (PBAPP 1,228 MLD)
PBAPP WTP
Sg Dua 900 MLD
Pekula 260 MLD Bumbung Lima (P) 1,100 MLD expanded to 1,114 MLD
Existing Dam Proposed Dam Kota Dua 430 MLD
BARRAGES
Water Supply Irrigation 15

River Gauge Barrage Residual Flow SG. MUDA

48 SYSTEM DIAGRAM
Option 9 - Conservation measeures
1. Establishment, monitoring and enforcement of river
corridors
2. Control of deforestation in catchment areas
3. Licensing of significant activities such as water abstractions
(groundwater and surface water);
4. Licensing of wastewater discharges exceeding 10m3/day
5. Permits for river works or structures that may obstruct
navigation
6. Licensing of sand mining
7. Monitor and minimize pollution from urban and agricultural
areas
8. Introduce different potential sources for water supply:
• Rainwater harvesting – can provide limited, local support to
water supply
• Wastewater reuse in urban areas – available all year round
but requires treatment to acceptable/safe quality
• Access groundwater in feasible locations
49
 CONCLUSION
Structural and non-structural measures
Water resources development for solutions deals with projects that are implemented for the proper utilisation and control of water.

how much water is needed

how much water is expected

how economical is a given project - CBA

what are the legal constraints

what are the impacts of the project(s)

on the society and the environment?
Conclusions CONCLUSION

1.Water Resources Management Problem in Sungai Muda:

• Basin shared by two states
• Coordination: One agency manages Dam, another Barrage, different water users
• Demand is increasing
• Stress increasing especially during drought situations (like 2016, 90% of long-term average)
• Climate change will increase stress in the basin

2. Sustainable Options:
• NAWABS provides decision management support during operation and planning of water
resources and improve water security
• Structural and Non-structural Measures are required to reduce stress in the basin

51
Conclusions CONCLUSION (cont.)
• Structural:
• ORS (off-river storages)
• NRW reduction
• Tawar Muda Dam
• Lowering SADA pumps
• Raising or replacing PBA barrage to same level as PLSM barrage
• Non-structural:
• Demand Management (awareness raising)
• Conservation Measures
• Implementation of National Water Resource Bill

3. Required follow-up detailed studies:

a) Feasibility of off-river storages along Sg. Muda and its tributaries by JPS
b) Strategic plan for reducing NRW by SADA and PBA
c) Feasibility of increasing height of PBA barrage by Penang State
d) Feasibility of lowering WTP intake pumps by 1-2 m by SADA
52
Solutions CONCLUSION (cont.)
Bil Measure Total area Potl. Storage
No. of Sites (sqkm) Vol. (MCM) Lead Agency
1. Structural Measures:
1.1 Off-River Storages (incl. conversion of existing 55 2.79 51 JPS
sand mining sites
1.2 Construct new dam – Tawar Muda Dam 1 110.0 110 JPS/MADA
1.3 Construct new dam - Reman Dam 1 17.6 273 JPS/MADA
1.4 Raising of PBA Barrage as same level as PLSM 1 - - PBA
barrage
1.5 Feasibility study of lowering of SADA pumps and 3 - - SADA
new intake structure
1.6 NRW reduction in water supply distribution 7 - - SADA, PBA
system
2. Non-Structural Measures:
2.1 Demand Management (raise awareness, 7 SADA, PBA
penalties, tariffs) - -
2.2 Conservation measures (restoration, All 27 sub- 37.25 n/a LSANK, JPS,
encroachments, preservation of river corridor catchments JPSM, JAS, PBT,
and forests d/s of Muda Dam)
53
Long term options : Alternative to increase storage

54
Solutions CONCLUSION (cont.)
Total area Potl. Storage Estd Cost
Bil Measure No. of Sites (sqkm) Vol. (MCM) (Million RM) Lead Agency
1. Structural Measures:
Off-River Storages (incl. conversion of existing
1.1 sand mining sites 55 2.79 51 107 JPS
1.2 Reman Dam 1 17.6 273 230 JPS/MADA
1.3 Lowering of SADA Pumps 3 - - 300 SADA
NRW reduction in water supply distribution
1.4 system 7 - - 419 SADA, PBA
1.5 Tawar-Muda Dam 1 110.0 110 520 JPS/MADA
Replace PBA Barrage with new higher barrage
1.6 at same level as PLSM barrage 1 - - 200 PBA
2. Non-Structural Measures:
Demand Management (raise awareness,
2.1 penalties, tariffs) 7 - - 5 SADA, PBA
Conservation measures (restoration, LSANK, JPS,
encroachments, preservation of river corridor All 27 sub- JPSM, JAS,
2.2 and forests d/s of Muda Dam) catchments 37.25 n/a 207 PBT,
TOTAL 55
1989
 CONCLUSION (cont.)

• NAWABS is a brain of IWRM

• Water Resources Centric strategies by all
sector will improve WATER SECURITY
• Harmonizing Water Management
For Now and The Future
DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE, MALAYSIA
MINISTRY OF WATER, LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

THANK YOU
December 2018

58