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Types of starters
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Author: Technical Editor Category: Electrical Articles 29 Jan 18
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Various types of starters are as follows:
Electrical Articles
Stator resistance starter.
Electronics Articles
Star delta starter.
Information
Autotransformer starting.
Mechanical Articles
Rotor resistance starters.
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Variable stator frequency starting.
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Stator resistance starter
A starter resistance is connected in each line series with each phase winding of the
stator.
Initially all the starter resistances are kept in the “Start” position so that they offer their
maximum resistance.
The switch is turned on to connect the three phase ac supply to the stator winding.
Electrical Slip Rings As the motor accelerates, the starter resistance is reduced by the moving the variable
contact of the resistance towards the “Run” position.

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Stator resistance starter

Star delta starter

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The stator winding of the motor is connected in delta configuration at the time of starting.
When the motor accelerates, stator is connected in delta configuration to apply the rated
voltage to the windings.
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The starting torque is reduced as the torque is proportional to square of stator voltage
and there is a jerk while switching from star to delta.
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Star delta starter

Autotransformer starting
An autotransformer is used to apply a low voltage to the stator winding at the time of
starting. When the motor speed reached the desired level, autotransformer is
disconnected and motor is connected directly across the supply. Operated by a two
position switch i.e. manually / automatically using a timer to change over from start to run
position.
In starting position supply is connected to stator windings through an auto-transformer
which reduces applied voltage to 50, 60, and 70% of normal value depending on tapping
used. Starters used in lager industries, it is larger in size and expensive.

Autotransformer starting

Rotor resistance starter

This type of control is used in the slipring induction motors. An external variable
resistance is connected in the rotor circuit.At the time of starting this variable this
resistance is set to the highest possible value ,to the motor current at starting.
The three moving contacts are interconnected to form a start point for the resistors.
To ensure that the motor cannot be started until all rotor resistance is in circuit, an
interlock is fitted which prevents the contactors from being closed until this condition is
fulfilled.

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 Rotor resistance starter

Variable frequency starting

Instead of controlling only the stator voltage at the time of starting, the stator frequency
should also kept low at the time of starting the motor.

Variable frequency starting

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