CONFIDENTIAL – Do not reproduce

H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes

1 The function f is defined by

1
f:xa , x ��, x  1, x �1
x 12

(i) With the aid of a graphing calculator, sketch the graph of y  f(x) , labelling any asymptote,
stationary point and axial intercept. [2]

Hence, state the range of f. [1]

(ii) Give a reason why f is a function . [1]

(iii) The domain of f is now restricted to    x  k , (where k is a constant) so as to produce f1.

What is the maximum value of k for f1-1 to exist? Justify your answer. [2]

y
x= -1 x=1
[G1: Shape]
[G1: Asymptote, intercept, max pt]

(i)

x= 0 x
-1

1
y
x 2 1

Range of f is ( �, ȥ1] ( 0, )[B1]

(ii) Every member of its domain maps onto a single image. [M1]

(Any vertical line cuts the graph only once).

(iii) k  0 .[B1]

That is the largest value of k for which f1 is one-one. [B1]

1
 CONFIDENTIAL – Do not reproduce
H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes

2 (i) The diagram below shows the graph of y  f(x ) .

Sketch the graph of y  f( x ) , showing clearly the asymptotes.

x [2]
2
(ii) Sketch the graphs of y  4 x  3 and y  1  3 x on a single diagram. [1]
Hence solve the inequality 4 x  3  1  3 x  0 . -2 [3]

y = f(x)

(i) [G1: Shape]

[G1: Asymptotes, intercepts]

y
y=

(ii) y y=2 [G1: Shape ]

y=
x
y=
0 x=2  = 0.571,  = 2 [A1]

4 x  3  1  3x  0 � 4 x  3  1  3 x[M1]

x
  Hence, x  0.571 or x  2 [B1]
.

2
 CONFIDENTIAL – Do not reproduce
H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes

3 Differentiate the following with respect to x,

1
(i) , [2]
2x 1
1  x 3 x 3 x
(ii) e (e  e ) , [3]
2
(1 + x) 2
(iii) .
1 x
[3]

d � 1 � 2 [M1, A1]
(i) � � 
dx �2 x  1 � ( 2 x  1) 2

d �1  x 3 x 3 x � 1 d 4 x 2 x
(ii) � e ( e  e ) � ( e  e ) [M1]
dx �
2 � 2 dx
1
 ( 4e 4 x  2e 2 x )
[M1]
2
[A1]
 2e 4 x  e 2 x

(iii) d � (1 + x ) 2 � d � 1+ 2x + x2 �
� � � [M1]
dx �
�1  x � dx � 1  x �
d � 4 � [M1]
 � x  3 + �
dx � 1 x �
4
 1 [A1]
(1 x)
2

Alternative method: Using Quotient Rule

(1 + x ) 2 � ( 1  x ) 2(1 + x)  (1 + x) ( 1)[M1]
2
d �
dx � �
�1  x � ( 1 x)
2

2  2x2 + 1 + 2 x + x2
 [M1]
( 1 x)
2

 x2 + 2 x + 3 [A1]

( 1 x)
2

4
 1
( 1 x)
2
3
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H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes

4 The functions g and h are defined by

g : x  x ( x  2) , x  , x  1
h : x  2 ln(a  x) , x  , x  a , where a is a constant.

(i) Sketch the graph of g, and write down its range. [2]

(ii) Find g-1. [3]

(iii) Find the minimum value of a for hg-1 to exist, explaining briefly your choice. [2]

For your chosen value of a, find hg-1. [2]

(i) y Rg  (  1,  ) . [B1]

y  g(x)[G1: Shape]
1
x
0
-1

(ii) Let y  g( x)  x ( x  2) .

y  x 2  2 x  ( x  1) 2  1
x  1 y +1
[M1]
Since x  1,
x  1 y +1
Hence, g 1 : x [B1]
1  x + 1, x  , x  1.
[A1]
(iii) For hg-1 to exist, Rg1 �  ,1) 
Dg޳ ( ��� ( , a) Dh a 1 Min a 1 . [A1]
[M1]

Hence, hg ( x)  2ln �
1
� ( � )
1  1  x + 1 � ln ( x + 1) [M1]

hg 1 ( x )  ln ( x + 1) , x  1 [A1]

4
 CONFIDENTIAL – Do not reproduce
H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes
5 Cylindrical tins, each 7D tall and measuring D in diameter, are used by a factory for packing golf balls for
sale. The tins are then batched into cartons to be sold to wholesale dealers. Each carton contains 10 packed
tins.

Assuming each golf ball to be spherical with a diameter of D, state M, the maximum number of golf balls
that can be packed into each cylindrical tin. [1]

An attempt was made to determine the value of D. When the amount of water used to fill up a packed tin is
28
transferred to a cylindrical measuring vessel measuring D tall and 6 units in diameter, the vessel
9
becomes exactly one-third full.

Without using a graphic calculator, find the value of D. [5]

A flaw in one of the machines had resulted in the production of defective golf balls, each weighing 42 g,
which is 3 g less than a golf ball without defects.

One carton weighs 3.129 kg. Assuming the weight of the tins and carton to be negligible, determine the
number of defective golf balls present. [3]

� 4 �
The volume of a sphere  pr 3 , where r is the radius of the sphere �
�
� 3 �

7D [B1]
M= 7.
D

1 28 28 [M1]
�p ( 3) � D 
2
Volume of water in vessel = pD ----- (1)
3 9 3
2 3
 D 4 D [M1]
Volume occupied by empty space = p   7D p   7 ----- (2)
2 3 2
2 3
 D 4 D 28 [M1]
Equating (1) & (2): p   7D p   7 = pD
2 3 2 3
 D  0 or D   4 units [A1]
 rejecting D = 0 and  4 , hence D = 4 units. [A1]

Let B = number of defective balls, N = number of non-defective balls.

Each carton weights 3.129 kg � 42 B + 45 N  3129 ----- (3) [M1]

Each carton contains 10 packed tins � B + N  70 ----- (4) [M1]

Solving (3) & (4), N = 63,

B=7 [A1]

6 Sketch the graph of y  4x 4  2x 2 + 1, indicating clearly the co-ordinates of all turning points. [3]

5
 CONFIDENTIAL – Do not reproduce
H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes
State the line of symmetry for the above graph. [1]

On the same axes, sketch the graph of y  2e x .

Hence determine the number of roots for the equation 2e x  4 x 4  2 x 2 + 1 . [2]

Find the root(s) of the equation 2e x  4 x 4  2 x 2 + 1 . [2]

2 4 1 2
Find the range of values of k for which the equation k  ( x  )  4 x  2 x + 1 has no real roots. [2]
2

y
[G1: Shape of y  4 x 4  2x 2 + 1 ]
[G1: 1 max point]
[G1: 2 min points]

x
( 0,2() 0,1) 4 2 Line of symmetry: x = 0. [B1]
y  2e y  4x  2x + 1
x
 1 3 1 3 [G1: Shape of y  2e x ]
 ,   , 
 2 4  2 4
Number of roots: 2 [B1]

Roots are -0.703 & 1.21. [B2]

1 1 
y  k  ( x  ) 2 is quadratic curve with maximum point  , k  . [M1]
2 2 
y
y  4x 4  2x 2 + 1

1 3
 , 
2 4
1x
y  k  (x  )2
2

12 4 2 3 [A1]
Hence for k  ( x  )  4 x  2 x + 1 to have no real roots, k  .
2 4

7 (i) Using a non-calculator method, solve x 2 + 30 x  6664  0 [3]

e 2 x  2 x  12  0
6
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H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes
(ii) Using a graphical method, solve the inequality [3]

(iii) The diagram below shows a circle with radius 3 x 2  2 . Given that AB is the diameter of the circle,

.
AP  4 x  5 and BP  16  x 2 such that P is any other point on the circle, find the radius of the
P

.
circle.

A .
[5]

(i) x 2 + 30 x  6664  0 � ( x + 98 ) ( x  68 )  0 � x  68 or x  98 [M1, A2]

(ii) y

y  e2 x  2 x  12 [G1: Shape]

x [A1: x-intercept]
-1.14

e2 x  2 x  12  0 � x  1.14[A1]
[B1]
(iii) Note that APB is a right-angled triangle.
AB 2  AP 2 + BP 2 � ( 6 x2  4 )  ( 4 x  5 ) + ( 16  x 2 ) [M1]
2 2 2

Solving, x  1.6954[A1]
or x  1.90 (reject since AP > 0)[A1]
� radius  3 x 2  2  6.62 units (3.s. f [A1]
)

8 (a) Find the following integrals:

( 2  3x )
7
(i) � dx [2]

7
 CONFIDENTIAL – Do not reproduce
H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes
e1 2 x
(ii) �3 dx [2]
1
(iii)  3 ( x + 2) dx
2
[3]
x

8 (b) Find
d
dx
( 1 x2 . ) [2]
1
2
x 3
Hence show that the exact value of 
0 1 x 2
dx is 1 
2
. [2]

( 2  3x )
8
1
( 2  3x ) dx  ( 2  3x ) + c [M1, A1]
7 8
8a(i) � 8 ( 3 )
+c  
24

(ii) e12 x 1
�3 dx   3 ( 2 ) e + c [M1]
1 2 x

1
  e12 x + c [A1]
6
1 x2 + 4x + 4 [M1]
� +  � x3
2
(iii) ( x 2) dx dx
x3
�1 4 4 � [M1]
� �+ 2+ 3� dx
�x x x �
4 2
 ln x   2 + c [A1]
x x

8b
d
dx
( 1 x2  ) 1
2 1 x2
(  2 x)   x
1 x2
[M1, A1]
1
2
x 1
[M1]
dx  �1  x 2 �
2
Hence, �
0 1 x 2 � �
0

3 [A1]
 1
4
1
2
x 3
\� dx  1 
0 1  x2 2

9 The figure above shows a square BCDE of sides with fixed length 2 units
B C
inscribed in an isosceles triangle FGH in which FG = FH and angle HFG = 2.
I is the foot of he perpendicular from F to HG. 
8
H E I D G
 CONFIDENTIAL – Do not reproduce
H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes

(i) Express FI and HI in terms of x, where x = tan. Hence show that

2 units
1
the area A of the triangle FGH is given by A  4 x + 4 + . [5]
x
Find the minimum value of A as x varies. [5] 2 units
dx
(ii) The value of  is increasing at a rate such that = 2 units/s, where t denotes time.
dt
Find the rate at which the area A is changing when  is 60o. [4]

1 1 1 F
(i) tan   �y  [M1]
y tan  x
1  y
FI = 2 + [A1]
x B 1 C
� 1�
HI = FI tan = �2 + �x  2 x + 1 [B1] 2
� x�

1 1 � 1� H E I D G
Hence A  ( FI )(2 HI )  . �
2+ � .2 ( 2 x + 1) [M1]
2 2 � x�
1
= 4x + 4 + [A1]
x
dA 1
 4 2 [M1]
dx x
dA 1 1 1
 0 � 2  4 � x2  � x  (since is acute, tan > 0) [M1, A1]
dx x 4 2

d2A 2 1 d2A
 � At x  , 2  0 � A is minimum [M1]
.
dx 2 x3 2 dx

OR Alternative Method

�1 �
 1 �1 �
+

x�� x x��
�2 � 2 �2 �

Tangent

Hence, A is minimum.[M1]

9
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H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes

dx
(ii) Given:  2 units/s,
dt
dA dA dx � 1 �
 .  2� 4 2 � [M1]
dt dx dt � x �
When  = 60o, x = 3 [B1]
dA � 1� 1
 2 �4  � 7 [M1]
dt � 3� 3
1
The area is increasing at a rate of 7 units2/s when  is 60o.
3[A1]

10
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H1 JC1 Promotional Examinations 2006 – Marking Schemes

10 (i) Sketch the graphs of xy = 2 and y  10  8 x on the same diagram. [2]

(ii) Find the point(s) of intersection of the two graphs. [2]
(iii) Calculate the area of the finite region enclosed by the curve xy = 2 and the line y  10  8 x . [3]
� 2�
(iv) Find the equation of the normal to the curve xy = 2 at �a, �where a is a constant. [3]
� a�
Determine the negative value of a for which this normal is perpendicular to y  10  8 x . [2]

Hence, find the area bounded by the normal, the x-axis and the line x = a. [4]
y

1  1 
(i)  ,8  (ii) Intersections at ( 1, 2 ) and  ,8  .[A2]
4 
[G2: Shapes] 4  (iii) Area enclosed
1
� 2�
(1,2)  � 10  8 x  � dx
� [M1]
1� x�
x 4

xy  2  ( 3.75 + 2 ln 0.25 ) units 2 [M1]

(Alternatively, GC may be used [M1])

y  10  8x
 0.977 units 2 [A1]
2 dy 2
(iv) xy  2  y     2 [M1]
x dx x
dy 2 a2
   2  Gradient of normal, mn  [A1]
dx x  a a 2
y  y1 a2  a3 2 
Equation of normal:  mn  y  x     [A1]
x  x1 2  2 a
2
a 1
Normal  y  10  8 x   [M1]
2 (  8) y
1
a
2

1 x 63
Reject + ve value  a   [A1]
. y 
2
x 63 [A1] 1 8 16
Hence, equation of normal: y   . x
8 16 2 x
When y = 0, x = 31.5. [M1]
xy  2 ( 31.5,0)
1
When x   , y  4[M1]
2
. y  10  8 x
�
1� 1� �
( 4 ) � 64 units 2 . [A1]
31.5 + �
Area enclosed = � �
2�
� 2� �

11