Purging 2 8%

BM Umpan Produk
Komponen BP Arus 10 Purging (Arus 12) Recycle( Arus 10)
kg/mol
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam
C4H9OH 108.1 74.1216 0.4565 33.8354 0.0383 2.8371 0.4182 30.9982
C2H3COOC4H9 139.1 128.169 9.8650 1264.3877 0.8272 106.0200 9.0378 1158.3677
H2O 100 18.0153 29.3965 529.5866 2.4649 44.4063 26.9316 485.1803
Sub Total 1827.8097 153.2635 1674.5462
Total 1827.8097 1827.8097

Neraca Massa Total

Input Output
BM
Komponen Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 3 Arus 6 Arus 9 Arus 11 Purging(Arus 12)
kg/kmol kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam
C2H3COOH 72.0627 14.3448 1033.72246475
C4H9OH 74.1216 13.7752 1021.03709549 0.0052 0.3880887687 0.2555 18.93939395 0.0383 2.8371255539
C2H3COOC4H9 128.169 0.0245 3.1425302583 14.6291 1875 0.8272 106.02004788
H2O 18.0153 0.29658 5.342999 0.28834 5.19459 0.00081 0.014638 1.6249 29.2724459959 0.2969 5.3493600083 2.4649 44.4063160289
H2SO4 98.0785 0.0073 0.7172382278
NaOH 39.9971 0.7319 29.2724459959
C2H3COONa 94.0445 0.7172 67.4523105129
Na2SO4 142.0421 0.0073 1.0387396226
Sub Total 1,026.38009 1,038.9170 0.73188 58.5448919918 77.3710291709 14.8846 1893.939394 153.263489462
Total 2,124.573913 2124.573913
Neraca Massa Overall
Input
Komponen BM Arus 1 Arus 2 Arus 3 Arus 6
C2H3COOH 72.0627 1033.72246
C4H9OH 74.1216 1021.0371
C2H3COOC4H9 128.169
H2O 18.0153 10.5522223
H2SO4 98.0785 0.7172382278
NAOH 39.99711 29.272445996
C2H3COONa 94.0445
Na2SO4 142.0421
Sub Total 1031.58932 1033.72246 0.717238228 29.272446
Total 2095.3014667231

2066.02902
 Output
Arus 9 Arus 11

0.3880887687 18.93939395
3.1425302583 1875
5.3493600083

67.4523105129
1.0387396226
77.371029171 1893.93939
1971.3104235376 123.99104319
Sifat Fisis Komponen
a. Densitas masing-masing komponen
Komponen A B n Tc rho (g/ml)
C2H3COOH 0.34645 0.25822 0.30701 615 0.290253868
C4H9OH 0.26891 0.26674 0.2457 562.93 0.2382640322
H2SO4 0.42169 0.19356 0.2857 925 0.3155204823
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13 0.2934124255
C2H3COOC4H9 0.29947 0.25838 0.30843 598 0.252423505
NaOH 0.19975 0.09793 0.25382 2820 0.1192437928
C2H3COONa 0.3322 0.25151 0.29455 498 0.2951500771
NaSO4 0.26141 0.1 0.28571 3700 0.1441723768

Persamaan : ρi = A.B^(1-T/Tc)^n
ρ camp = ∑yi.ρi
Dimana : ρ dalam kg/m^3 dan T dalam K

DENSITAS
Komponen gr/ml
C2H3COOH 1.045 104.5
C4H9OH 0.8119 81.19
H2SO4 1.833 183.3
H2O 0.995 99.5
C2H3COOC4H9 0.894 89.4

VISKOSITAS 353.15
Komponen A B C D μ
C2H3COOH -15.9215 2.44E+03 3.44E-02 -2.77E-05 0.7266082751
C4H9OH -5.397 1.33E+03 6.22E-03 -5.51E-06 0.8757677912
H2SO4 -18.7045 3.50E+03 3.31E-02 -1.70E-05 2.1283476421
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.6350968092
C2H3COOC4H9 -6.9308 1.17E+03 1.35E-02 -1.23E-05 0.6686805627
NaOH -4.1939 2.05E+03 2.79E-03 -6.16E-07 12.4824441531
C2H3COONa -4.4042 5.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.35E-05 0.5199688581
NaSO4 11.2905 -4.58E+03 -6.78E-03 9.24E-07 0.0192455174

Entalphy Formation

Cp = A + B*T + C*T^2
Cp = Kj/mol.K T=K T 288.15
T2 303.15
Komponen A B C D
C2H3COOH -18.242 1.2106 -3.12E+01 3.14E-06
C4H9OH 83.877 0.56628 -1.72E-03 2.28E-06
H2SO4 26.004 0.70337 -1.39E-03 1.03E-06
H2O 92.053 -4.00E+02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07
C2H3COOC4H9 101.239 1.1519 -3.24E-03 3.9463E-06

Cp A B C D Cp 15 C
C2H3COOH -18.242 1.21E+00 -3.12E-03 3.14E-06 147.0163051888
C4H9OH 83.877 5.66E-01 -1.72E-03 2.28E-06 158.6734735644
H2SO4 26.004 7.03E-01 1.39E-03 1.03E-06 368.4704775549
H2O 92.053 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07 75.811206863
C2H3COOC4H9 101.239 1.15E+00 -3.24E-03 3.95E-06 258.4402543697
NaOH 87.639 -4.84E-04 -4.54E-06 1.19E-09 87.1508610039
 0
Komponen BM Umpan dari Netralizer
kg/m3 kg/kmol m^3/jam
290.253867973 C4H9OH 74.1216 0.22313
238.264032239 C2H3COOC4H9 128.169 6.91943
315.520482318 H2O 18.0153 1.01738
293.412425483 C2H3COONa 94.0445 0.22854
252.423504979 Na2SO4 142.0421 0.00720
119.243792812
295.150077053
144.172376833 KOMPONEN ρ μ
kg/m^3 kg/m.dtk
C4H9OH 238.26403 0.87577
C2H3COOC4H9 252.42350 0.66868
H2O 293.41243 0.63510
C2H3COONa 295.15008 0.51997
Na2SO4 144.17238 0.01925

a) Densitas masing-masing komponen (Yaws, 1999)

Komponen A B
C4H9OH 0.26891 0.26674
C2H3COOC4H9 0.29947 0.25838
H2O 0.34710 0.27400
C2H3COONa 0.33220 0.25151
xi rho p Na2SO4 0.26141 0.10000
0.5003426643 0.3635531 290.25387 145.22639
0.494202688 0.4328068 238.26403 117.75073
0.0003471579 0.0007389 315.52048 0.1095354 Persamaan : ρi = A.B^(1-T/Tc)^n
0.0051074899 0.0032438 293.41243 1.498601 ρ camp = ∑yi.ρi
1 0.6686806 252.4235 2.52E+02 Dimana : ρ dalam kg/m^3 dan T dalam K
2 1.4690231 1389.8743 517.00876
Viskositas
Komponen A B
C4H9OH -5.397 1.33E+03
C2H3COOC4H9 -6.9308 1.17E+03
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03
C2H3COONa -4.4042 5.95E+02
Na2SO4 11.2905 -4.58E+03

Menara Distilasi

Asumsi terambil sebagai hasil atas

99% po
P 1
T
BM
Komponen BP

Cp 30 C C4H9OH 108.1 74.1216

149.895014134 C2H3COOC4H9 139.1 128.169
160.867248672 H2O 100 18.0153
395.379403205
75.4437828774
262.494869149 Vapor pressure
87.1079850692 Komponen A B
C4H9OH 109.2803 -6.3060E+03
C2H3COOC4H9 2.7565 -2.7679E+03
H2O 29.8605 -3.1522E+03

log10P=A+B/T+Clog10T+DT+ET^2
Komponen Log Pi Pi
C4H9OH 3.12644281 1337.9590148
C2H3COOC4H9 2.777142921 598.608557281
H2O 3.230878001 1701.68041513
Total

Umpan masuk menara (F)

Komponen kg/jam kmol/jam
H2O 295.5282594 16.4042929837
C4H9OH 52.77475626 0.7120023887
C2H3COOC4H9 1744.879796 13.6138988016
2093.182811 30.73019
Komponen xf F
lk H2O 0.53381677 16.4042929837
hk C4H9OH 0.023169472 0.7120023887
C2H3COOC4H9 0.443013758 13.6138988016
1 30.7302

P 760
T umpan 391.631150954
Komponen xif mol
H2O 0.53381677 16.4042929837
C4H9OH 0.023169472 0.7120023887
C2H3COOC4H9 0.443013758 13.6138988016
1 30.730194174

P 760
Tatas 374.021738892
Komponen Yd log po
H2O 0.951231892 2.8940469467
C4H9OH 0.040873848 2.7686000265
C2H3COOC4H9 0.00789426 2.4438393212
1

P 760
T bawah 405.48006073
Komponen xb log po
H2O 0 3.3361041081
C4H9OH 0.000528001 3.2357672368
C2H3COOC4H9 0.999471999 2.8805234186

Komponen a top a bot

H2O
C4H9OH
C2H3COOC4H9
an dari Netralizer Fase Ringan Fase Berat
kg/jam m^3/jam kg/jam m^3/jam kg/jam
53.16285 0.2214969492 52.77476 0.0016288181 0.38808877
1746.62642 6.9125091803 1744.87980 0.0069194286 1.74662642
298.51339 1.0072111258 295.52826 0.0101738498 2.98513393
67.45231 0.000000000 0.000000000 0.2285356358 67.45231
1.03874 0.000000000 0.000000000 0.007204845 1.03874
2166.79371 2093.18281 73.6108993
2166.79371
kelarutan m/ρ kmol/jam
/100 gr air (umpan) (umpan)
0.73000 0.22313 0.717238228
0.10000 6.91943 13.62752633
1.00000 1.01738 16.56999291
- 0.22854 0.717238228
- 0.00720 0.0073129

en (Yaws, 1999)
n Tc RHO (g/ml) kg/m3
0.24570 562.93000 0.23826 238.26403
0.30843 598.00000 0.25242 252.42350
0.28571 647.13000 0.29341 293.41243
0.29455 498.00000 0.29515 295.15008
0.28571 3700.00000 0.14417 144.17238

(1-T/Tc)^n

n T dalam K

353.15
C D µ
6.22E-03 -5.51E-06 0.87577
1.35E-02 -1.23E-05 0.66868
1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.63510
1.06E-02 -1.35E-05 0.51997
-6.78E-03 9.24E-07 0.01925

atm
C
Umpan
kmol/jam kg/jam fraksi mol(Xi)
0.7120023887 52.7747562559 0.025212684
13.613898802 1744.8797955 0.833601244
16.404292984 295.52825939 0.141186072
30.730194174 2093.18281115 1

C D E Tmin Tmax
-3.6947E+01 1.4462E-02 -3.9480E-13 165.15 547.74
4.7435E+00 -1.7391E-02 9.9204E-06 212.00 580.00
-7.3037E+00 2.4247E-09 1.8090E-06 273.16 647.13

T 397.45 124.45 C 124.30

Xi Ki=Pi/P Yi=Ki.Xi
0.0252126838 1.7604723879 0.044386234
0.8336012441 0.7876428385 0.65658005
0.1411860721 2.2390531778 0.316123123
1.017089407

fraksi mol
0.5338167696
0.0231694725
0.4430137579 design 99%
1 1%
Yd D(mol) Xb B(mol)
0.951231892 16.4042929837 0 0 30.7301942
0.0408738485 0.7048823648 0.000528001 0.0071200239
0.0078942596 0.136138988 0.999471999 13.477759814
1 17.2453143366 1 13.484879837

mmHg
118.481 C
log pi pi k y
3.1514587579 1417.29011414 1.864855413 0.2862510229
3.0431490405 1104.45758092 1.453233659 0.015943391
2.6988771227 499.893077499 0.657754049 0.6735249419
0.9757193559

100.87173889
po k x a
783.51433504 1.0309399145 0.922684124
586.94853978 0.7723007102 0.052924784
277.86850293 0.3656164512 0.021591642
0.99720055

132.33006073
po k y a
2168.2238044 2.8529260585 0
1720.9459747 2.2644025983 0.001195606
759.49237593 0.9993320736 0.998804426
1.000000032

a avg
Komponen BM Umpan dari Netralizer Fase Ringan
kg/kmol m^3/jam kg/jam m^3/jam kg/jam
C4H9OH 74.1216 0.22313 53.16285 0.2214969492 52.77476
C2H3COOC4H9 128.169 12.44944 3142.53026 12.436986517 3139.38773
H2O 18.0153 1.82315 534.93600 1.8049223374 529.58664
C2H3COONa 94.0445 0.22854 67.45231 0 0.00000
Na2SO4 142.0421 0.00720 1.03874 0 0.00000
3799.12015 3721.74913

KOMPONEN ρ μ kelarutan m/ρ kmol/jam

kg/m^3 kg/m.dtk /100 gr air (umpan) (umpan)
C4H9OH 238.26403 0.87577 0.73000 0.22313 0.7172382278
C2H3COOC4H9 252.42350 0.66868 0.10000 12.44944 24.518645369
H2O 293.41243 0.63510 1.00000 1.82315 29.6934273
C2H3COONa 295.15008 0.51997 0 0.22854 0.7172382278
Na2SO4 144.17238 0.01925 0 0.00720 0.0073128996

a) Densitas masing-masing komponen (Yaws, 1999)

Komponen A B n Tc RHO (g/ml)
C4H9OH 0.26891 0.26674 0.24570 562.93000 0.23826
C2H3COOC4H9 0.29947 0.25838 0.30843 598.00000 0.25242
H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571 647.13000 0.29341
C2H3COONa 0.33220 0.25151 0.29455 498.00000 0.29515
Na2SO4 0.26141 0.10000 0.28571 3700.00000 0.14417

Persamaan : ρi = A.B^(1-T/Tc)^n
ρ camp = ∑yi.ρi
Dimana : ρ dalam kg/m^3 dan T dalam K

Viskositas 353.15
Komponen A B C D µ
C4H9OH -5.397 1.33E+03 6.22E-03 -5.51E-06 0.87577
C2H3COOC4H9 -6.9308 1.17E+03 1.35E-02 -1.23E-05 0.66868
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02 -1.26E-05 0.63510
C2H3COONa -4.4042 5.95E+02 1.06E-02 -1.35E-05 0.51997
Na2SO4 11.2905 -4.58E+03 -6.78E-03 9.24E-07 0.01925

Menara Distilasi

Asumsi terambil sebagai hasil atas

99% po
P 1 atm
T C
 BM Umpan
Komponen BP
kmol/jam kg/jam fraksi mol(Xi)
C4H9OH 108.1 74.1216 0.7120023887 52.774756256 0.014180095
C2H3COOC4H9 139.1 128.169 24.4941267238 3139.3877281 0.8435248112
H2O 100 18.0153 29.3964930268 529.58664083 0.1422950938
54.6026221394 3721.7491251 1

Vapor pressure
Komponen A B C D E
C4H9OH 109.2803 -6.3060E+03 -3.6947E+01 1.4462E-02 -3.9480E-13
C2H3COOC4H9 2.7565 -2.7679E+03 4.7435E+00 -1.7391E-02 9.9204E-06
H2O 29.8605 -3.1522E+03 -7.3037E+00 2.4247E-09 1.8090E-06

log10P=A+B/T+Clog10T+DT+ET^2 T 397.77 124.77

Komponen Log Pi Pi Xi Ki=Pi/P Yi=Ki.Xi
C4H9OH 3.1308197001 1351.511359 0.014180095 1.7783044196 0.0252165257
C2H3COOC4H9 2.7812674395 604.3206568 0.8435248112 0.7951587589 0.670736142
H2O 3.2350690737 1718.181639 0.1422950938 2.2607653142 0.3216958124
Total 1.0176484801

Umpan masuk menara (F)

Komponen kg/jam kmol/jam fraksi mol
H2O 529.58664083 29.39649303 0.5383714531
C4H9OH 52.774756256 0.712002389 0.0130397106
C2H3COOC4H9 3139.3877281 24.49412672 0.4485888363 design
3721.7491251 54.60262 1
Komponen xf F Yd D(mol) Xb
H2O 0.5383714531 29.39649303 0.7401305836 29.396493027 0
C4H9OH 0.0130397106 0.712002389 0.0114931447 0.4564845107 0.017166547
C2H3COOC4H9 0.4485888363 24.49412672 0.2483762718 9.8650042338 0.982833453
1 54.6026 1 39.717981771 1
54.602622139
P 760 mmHg
T umpan 391.8512276 118.701 C
Komponen xif mol log pi pi k
H2O 0.5383714531 29.39649303 3.1514587579 1417.2901141 1.8648554133
C4H9OH 0.0130397106 0.712002389 3.0463607124 1112.655483 1.4640203724
C2H3COOC4H9 0.4485888363 24.49412672 2.7018870475 503.36967397 0.6623285184
1 54.60262214

P 760
Tatas 384.8368641 111.686864102
Komponen Yd log po po k x
H2O 0.7401305836 3.055324338 1135.8587761 1.4945510212 0.4952193489
C4H9OH 0.0114931447 2.94142957 873.835269299 1.1497832491 0.0099959229
C2H3COOC4H9 0.2483762718 2.603869092 401.669718375 0.5285127873 0.4699531926
1 0.9751684644

P 760
T bawah 404.7690262 131.61902624
Komponen xb log po po k y
H2O 0 3.326972889 2123.11192403 2.7935683211 0
C4H9OH 0.017166547 3.226327208 1683.94230552 2.2157135599 0.0380361509
C2H3COOC4H9 0.982833453 2.87156684 743.989558077 0.978933629 0.9621287189
1.0001648698

Komponen a top a bot a avg

H2O 2.827842688 2.85368511
C4H9OH 2.1755069634 2.26339508
C2H3COOC4H9 1 1
 Fase Berat Komponen BM Umpan dari Netralizer
m^3/jam kg/jam kg/kmol m^3/jam kg/jam
0.001628818 0.3880888 C4H9OH 74.1216 0.00000 0.00000
0.012449436 3.1425303 C2H3COOC 128.169 0.00000 0.00000
0.018231539 5.34936 H2O 18.0153 0.00000 0.00000
0.228535636 67.45231 C2H3COON 94.0445 0.00000 0.00000
0.007204845 1.03874 Na2SO4 142.0421 0.00000 0.00000
77.371029 0.00000
3799.12015
KOMPONEN ρ μ kelarutan
kg/m^3 kg/m.dtk /100 gr air
C4H9OH 238.26403 0.87577 0.73000
C2H3COOC 252.42350 0.66868 0.10000
H2O 293.41243 0.63510 1.00000
C2H3COON 295.15008 0.51997 0
Na2SO4 144.17238 0.01925 0

a) Densitas masing-masing komponen (Yaws, 1999)

kg/m3 Komponen A B n
238.26403 C4H9OH 0.26891 0.26674 0.24570
252.42350 C2H3COOC 0.29947 0.25838 0.30843
293.41243 H2O 0.34710 0.27400 0.28571
295.15008 C2H3COON 0.33220 0.25151 0.29455
144.17238 Na2SO4 0.26141 0.10000 0.28571

Persamaan ρi = A.B^(1-T/Tc)^n
ρ camp = ∑yi.ρi
Dimana : ρ dalam kg/m^3 dan T dalam K

Viskositas
Komponen A B C
C4H9OH -5.397 1.33E+03 6.22E-03
C2H3COOC -6.9308 1.17E+03 1.35E-02
H2O -10.2158 1.79E+03 1.77E-02
C2H3COON -4.4042 5.95E+02 1.06E-02
Na2SO4 11.2905 -4.58E+03 -6.78E-03

Menara Distilasi

Asumsi terambil sebagai hasil atas

99% po
P 1 atm
T C
 BM Umpan
Komponen BP
kmol/jam
C4H9OH 108.1 74.1216 0
C2H3COOC 139.1 128.169 0
H2O 100 18.0153 0
0

Vapor pressure
Tmin Tmax Komponen A B C
165.15 547.74 C4H9OH 109.2803 -6.3060E+03 -3.6947E+01
212.00 580.00 C2H3COOC 2.7565 -2.7679E+03 4.7435E+00
273.16 647.13 H2O 29.8605 -3.1522E+03 -7.3037E+00

C 124.62 log10P=A+B/T+Clog10T+DT+ET^2 T
Komponen Log Pi Pi Xi
C4H9OH 3.107116 1279.723003 #DIV/0!
C2H3COOC 2.7589447 574.0433373 #DIV/0!
H2O 3.212393 1630.771261 #DIV/0!
Total

Umpan masuk menara (F)

Komponen kg/jam kmol/jam fraksi mol
H2O 0 0 #DIV/0!
C4H9OH 0 0 #DIV/0!
64.11% C2H3COOC 0 0 #DIV/0!
40.27% 0 0.00000 #DIV/0!
B(mol) Komponen xf F Yd
0 #DIV/0! H2O #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!
0.255517878 #DIV/0! C4H9OH #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!
14.62912249 #DIV/0! C2H3COOC #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!
14.88464037 #DIV/0! 0.0000 #DIV/0!

P 760 mmHg
T umpan 385.2723874 112.122
y Komponen xif mol log pi
0.288693402 H2O #DIV/0! 0 3.1514587579
0.008906782 C4H9OH #DIV/0! 0 2.948102516
0.677290535 C2H3COOC #DIV/0! 0 2.6100828006
0.974890719 #DIV/0! 0

P 760
Tatas 373.8432604 100.69326038
a k/ khk Komponen Yd log po po
2.827842688 H2O #DIV/0! 2.891295878 778.5667958
2.175506963 C4H9OH #DIV/0! 2.765628376 582.94606663
1 C2H3COOC #DIV/0! 2.441102759 276.12311183
#DIV/0!

P 760
T bawah 399.0414909 125.89149088
a Komponen xb log po po
2.85368511 H2O 0 3.252070724 1786.7785248
2.26339508 C4H9OH 0 3.14855594 1407.8485568
1 C2H3COOC 0 2.797993214 628.04854546

Komponen a top a bot a avg

H2O 2.8196365 2.844968813
C4H9OH 2.1111817 2.241623784
C2H3COOC 1 1
 Fase Ringan Fase Berat
m^3/jam kg/jam m^3/jam kg/jam
0 0.00000 0 0
0 0.00000 0 0
0 0.00000 0 0
0 0.00000 0 0.00000
0 0.00000 0 0.00000
0.00000 0
0.00000
m/ρ kmol/jam
(umpan) (umpan)
0.00000 0
0.00000 0
0.00000 0
0.00000 0
0.00000 0

Tc RHO (g/ml) kg/m3

562.93000 0.23826 238.26403
598.00000 0.25242 252.42350
647.13000 0.29341 293.41243
498.00000 0.29515 295.15008
3700.00000 0.14417 144.17238

353.15
D µ
-5.51E-06 0.87577
-1.23E-05 0.66868
-1.26E-05 0.63510
-1.35E-05 0.51997
9.24E-07 0.01925
Umpan
kg/jam fraksi mol(Xi)
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!
0 #DIV/0!

D E Tmin Tmax
1.4462E-02 -3.9480E-13 165.15 547.74
-1.7391E-02 9.9204E-06 212.00 580.00
2.4247E-09 1.8090E-06 273.16 647.13

396.08 123.08 C 122.93

Ki=Pi/P Yi=Ki.Xi
1.6838460566 #DIV/0!
0.7553201807 #DIV/0!
2.1457516589 #DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

design 40% 99%

59.65% 1%
D(mol) Xb B(mol)
0 0 0
0 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!
0 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!
0 0 0 #DIV/0! 0 #DIV/0!
0
0
C
pi k y
1417.2901141 1.864855413 #DIV/0!
887.36545157 1.16758612 #DIV/0!
407.45795446 0.536128887 #DIV/0!
#DIV/0!

k x a k/ khk
1.0244299945 #DIV/0! 2.8196364681
0.7670342982 #DIV/0! 2.1111817217
0.363319884 #DIV/0! 1
#DIV/0!
k y a
2.3510243747 0 2.8449688128
1.8524323116 0 2.2416237837
0.8263796651 0 1
0
 REAKTOR

Reaktor pembentukan Butil Akrilat

Tugas: mereaksikan asam akrilat dengan butanol menjadi Butil Akrilat
kecepatan umpan asam akrilat= 1033.72 kg/jam
kecepatan umpan butanol= 1021.04 kg/jam
Dipilih RATB

Alasan : Reaksi berlangsung pada fase cair

Proses Kontinyu
Reaksi Eksotermis

Kondisi Operasi
Tekanan 1 atm
Suhu 80 C 353.15 K

A. Kinetika reaksi
Persamaan Laju Reaksi
Persamaan Laju Reaksi
Reaksi dianggap berorder 1 masing-masing terhadap a dan b
(-ra) = k.Ca.Cb

Dengan : (-ra) = laju reaksi C2H3COOC4H9, kmol/m^3.jam

k = konstanta laju reaksi, m^3/kmol.jam
Ca = konsentrasi C2H3COOH, kmol/m^3
Cb = konsentrasi C4H9OH kmol/m^3

Dengan data :
1. Konversi sebesar 0.95
2. Waktu Reaksi 2 jam
3. Suhu 80 C
(Data diperoleh dari US Patent)
Menghitung kpnsentrasi awal a (Ca0)
Komponen BM(kg/mol) rho (kg/m^3) Fm(kg/jam) Fm(kmol/jam) Fw(kg/jam) Fv(m^3/jam)
C2H3COOH 72.0627 290.2538679727 1033.7225 14.3448 1033.7225 3.5614
C4H9OH 74.1216 238.2640322393 1021.0371 13.7752 1021.0371 4.2853
H2SO4 98.0785 315.5204823177 0.7172 0.0073 0.7172 0.0023
H2O 18.0153 293.4124254832 10.5522 0.5857 10.5522 0.0360
TOTAL 2066.0290 28.7130 2066.0290 7.8850

Cao 1.8192478766 kmol/L

Cbo 1.7470091819 kmol/L
M=Cb0/Ca0 = Fa0/Fb0 0.960292
waktu tinggal 2 jam
Xa 0.95

Dengan data yang ada , maka k yang didapatkan yaitu

k 507.3783725155 L/kmol/jam k = Xa/ t.Cao(1-Xa).(M - Xa)
B. Perancangan Reaktor
Model Matematis Perancangan Reaktor
Asumsi : 1. Isothermal
2. Pengadukan sempurna
3. Laju alir volumetrik tetap
4. Steady state

Neraca Massa A
Laju A masuk - Laju A keluar - Laju reaksi A = Laju Akumulasi

Fa0 - Fa - (-ra)V = 0

(-ra)V = Fv (Ca0 - Ca)

k Ca0^2 (1 - Xa) (M - Xa) V = Fv Ca0 Xa

V / Fv = t = Xa / (k Ca0 (1 - Xa) (M - Xa))

Dengan : M = Cb0 / Ca0 = 1.0
Dirancang : Xa = 0.95
Optimasi Jumlah Reaktor
Dirancang : Besarnya volum reaktor dan waktu tinggal sama

V1 = V2 = Vi = VN = V

t1 = t2 = ti = tN = t

Sehingga untuk N buah reaktor :

X X X
  a1  a2 a1  . . X aa,N1 a,N1
X X
X a 2  X a1 X a ,N  X a ,N 1
kCa0(1 Xa1)(M  Xa1) kCa0(1 Xa2)(M  Xa2) kCa0(1 XaN)(M  XaN)  ... 
kCa 0 (1  X a1 )( M  X a1 ) kCa 0 (1  X a 2 )( M  X a 2 ) kCa 0 (1  X aN )( M  X aN )

Algoritma perhitungan optimasi jumlah reaktor :

1. Menentukan jumlah reaktor (N) buah
2. Trial konversi (Xa1 sampai Xa,N-1)
3. Menghitung t1 sampai tN
4. Jika t1 ~ t2 ~ … ~ tN maka perhitungan sudah benar, jika tidak maka ulangi
perhitungan dari no.2.
5. Hitung volum tiap reaktor.
6. Hitung volum total reaktor.
7. Hitung harga relatif reaktor

Harga relatif reaktor diambil sebagai dasar optimasi yang dihitung dengan six-tenth rules.
Penentuan harga relatif reaktor

Jika untuk 1 buah reaktor yang mempunyai volum V1 harganya C1 maka untuk N buah reaktor :
0.6
 VN,i 
C  NC  
 0.6
V 
CN  NC1 N,i 
 V1 
Maka harga relatif N buah reaktor dengan volum masing-masing Vi adalah :
0 .6
C V 
CN,relatif  N  N N,i 
C1  V1 

Menghitung laju alir volumetrik (Fv) dan konsentrasi a mula-mula (Ca0)

Komponen BM rho (kg/m^3) Fm(kmol/jam) Fw(kg/jam) Fv(L/jam)

C2H3COOH 72.0627 290.2538679727 14.3448 1033.7225 3.5614
C4H9OH 74.1216 238.2640322393 13.7752 1021.0371 4.2853
H2SO4 98.0785 315.5204823177 0.0073 0.7172 0.0023
H2O 18.0153 293.4124254832 0.5857 10.5522 0.0360
TOTAL 28.7130 2066.0290 7.8850

diperoleh Fv 7.8850
Ca0 1.8192478766

Perhitungan optimasi jumlah reaktor

Jumlah Reaktor 1
Reaktor ke- Xa,N-1 Xa,N t (jam) eror
1 0 0.95 2 0
2 0

N= 1
t, rata-rata = 2 jam
Vi = t.Fv = 15.770 m^3
V = N.Vi = 15.770 m^3
Crelatif = 0.6

Jumlah Reaktor 2
 Reaktor ke- Xa,N-1 Xa,N t (jam) eror
1 0 0.890 0.126 0.000
2 0.890 0.950 0.126 0.000
0.251 0.000
N= 2
t, rata-rata = 0.126 jam
Vi = t.Fv = 0.991 m^3
V = N.Vi = 1.982 m^3
Crelatif = 1.320

Jumlah Reaktor 3
Reaktor ke- Xa,N-1 Xa,N t (jam) error t
1 0 0.798 0.026 0.000
2 0.798 0.910 0.027 0.000
3 0.910 0.950 0.084 0.058
0.137 0.058

N= 3
t, rata-rata = 0.046 jam Grafik Hubungan Antara Jumlah Reaktor Dengan Waktu Reaksi dan Harga Relatif

waktu Reaksi
Vi = t.Fv = 23.655 m^3
V = N.Vi = 70.965 m^3 1.2 1.2
Crelatif = 13.282
1 1
Tabulasi wakru reaksi untuk berbagai reaktor 0.8 0.8
Jmlh Reaktor Waktu Harga Relatif
0.6 0.6
1 2.000 0.6
2 0.126 1.320 0.4 0.4
3 0.046 13.282 0.2 0.2
0 0
0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Jumlah Reaktor
Dari data-data yang ditampilkan oleh data dan grafik terlihat bahwa RATB yang digunakan
berjumlah 2 buah, karena ketika dipakai 3trial reaktor, harganya kembali naik dan erornya semakin besar.
sehingga untuk menghemat biaya dan mendapatkan eror yang baik (=0) maka dipilih penggunaan 2 buah reaktor

1. 2 buah reaktor
2. Volume reaktor = 0.991
3. Waktu reaktor = 0.126

Neraca Massa Tiap reaktor

C2H3COOH + C4H9OH --------> C2H3COOC4H9 + H2O

Diketahui
Xa1= 0.890
Xa2= 0.950

Reaktor1
umpan hasil reaksi
KOMPONEN BM
fm (kmol/jam) fw (kg/jam) fm (kmol/jam) fw (kg/jam)
C2H3COOH 72.0627 14.345 1033.722 1.574 113.391
C4H9OH 74.1216 13.775 1021.037 1.004 74.411
H2SO4 98.0785 0.007 0.717 0.007 0.717
H2O 18.0153 0.586 10.552 13.357 240.623
C2H3COOC4H9 128.1690 0.000 0.000 12.771 1636.879
total 390.447 28.713 2066.0290 28.713 2066.0215

Reaktor 2
umpan hasil reaksi
KOMPONEN BM
fm (kmol/jam) fw (kg/jam) fm (kmol/jam) fw (kg/jam)
C2H3COOH 72.0627 1.574 113.391 0.717 51.6861
C4H9OH 74.1216 1.004 74.411 0.148 10.9430
H2SO4 98.0785 0.007 0.717 0.007 0.7172
H2O 18.0153 13.357 240.623 14.213 256.0474
C2H3COOC4H9 128.1690 12.771 1636.879 13.628 1746.6264
total 390.447 28.713 2066.0215 28.713 2066.0202
Perhitungan Volume dan Ukuran Reaktor

Dari data literatur menunjukkan dengan perbandingan mol Asam akrilat dan butanol adalah 1:3
katalis asam sulfat 5 % berat dari asam akrilat, suhu reaksi 80 C diperoleh konversi 95% (US. Patent)
dengan waktu reaksi 2 jam (US. Patent)

T= 80 C
P= 1 atm
t (wkt Rx) = 0.126 jam
konversi = 95
0.95

Volume Cairan :
Volume Cairan Masuk reaktor
Komponen Massa (Kg/j) ρ (kg/m3) Fv (m^3) Fraksi, xi
C2H3COOH 1033.722 290.254 3.561 0.500
C4H9OH 1021.037 238.264 4.285 0.494
H2SO4 0.717 315.520 0.002 0.000
H2O 10.552 293.412 0.036 0.005
Total 2066.029 1137.451 7.885 1.000

a. Volume cairan dalam tangki =

Vr = Fv x t
= 0.991 m^3
dipakai volume = 0.991 m^3
b. Volume reaktor =
Over design 20 %
Volume Reaktor = 1.20 x 0.991
= 1.1890 m^3
Dipakai Volume Reaktor (Vt) = 1.1890 m^3

Ukuran reaktor
Reaktor berbentuk silinder tegak dengan perbandingan H : D= 1.5 : 1
dasar pemilihan = untuk pemakaian 1 buah propeller
 Vt = D^2 . H + π .D^3
4 12

= 1.5 . D^3 + π.D^3

4 12
= ( π . 1,5) / 4 + π / 12 D3

1/3
Dt = Vt
π . 1,5 + π 1.083 m = 42.651 in diameter
4 12

Perbandingan H : D 1.5 : 1

Tinggi H = 1.5/1 x OD
H= 1.625 m
63.976 in

Catatan :
Pertimbangan pemilihan bahan reaktor
Keadaan Operasi T = 80 C = 353.15 K
P= 1 atm
14.696 psia = 15 psia

Reaktor berbentuk silinder tegak dengan Head dan Bottom Thorispherical Heads
untuk tekanan berkisar ( 15 - 200 psia) atau ( 1 - 13 atm), Brownell n Young p.88)

Menghitung tebal dinding reaktor

Menggunakan cylindrical under internal pressure (Brownell n Young p.254)
ts = P x ri + C
f x E - 0.6 P
 ri = Dt / 2 = 0.542 m = 21.325 in

Tekanan perancangan = 1,2 x P operasi = 1.2 atm

17.64 psia
tebal shell = ts = 0.375 in
Dipilih ukuran standar ts = 0.75 in ( 3/4 ) in
0.019 m
Berdasarkan pertimbangan di atas maka dipilih tipe : Stainless stell SA 167 grade 11 type 316
Corrosion Alowance ( C ) = 0.125 in
Tekanan yang di ijinkan ( f ) = 18750 psia
Welded Joint efficientcy ( E ) = 85% 0.85

Menentukan Head dan Bottom Reaktor

OA
icr
b

Sf

OD

ID
 Dipakai tutup reaktor dengan bentuk Torispherical dished head
ID = Dt = 1.083 m 42.651 in
Diambil harga r (radius of dish ) ID = 42.651 in = r
icr 6 % ID = 2.559 in
t' = 0.95 x P x r + C
f x E - 0.1 P
t' = 0.045 + 0.125
tebal head = 0.170 in 0.004 m
Digunakan tebal head 1/4 in = 4/16 in
dengan tebal 1/4 pd Brownell n Young (hal 87) dapat diambil :
Standart Straight Flange (Sf ) = 1.5 - 2.5

Akan diambil (Sf) = 2 in

OD = ID + 2.t = 44.151 in
a = ID / 2 = 21.325 in
AB = a – icr = 18.766 in
BC = r – icr 40.092 in
AC =[ (BC 2 – AB 2) ]½ 35.428 in
b = r- AC = 7.222 in
tinggi head OA = t + Sf + b = 9.392 in 0.239 m

Volume Head

Volume dari sebuah Torispherical dished head dengan icr 6% ID (Brownell n Young hal 88)

ID = 2.559 m = 42.651 in =
3.554 ft = 0.003 ft3
Vol = 0.000049 ID^3
Volume sebuah head = 0.000049 ID^3 + 1/4 π . (ID2/12)^2 . Sf/12
= 3.9466 ft3 6819.801 in^3
= 0.1118 m3

Menentukan tinggi cairan di dalam shell

Volume cairan pada bagian shell = Vr'
Vr' = Vr - Volume sebuah head
= 0.87903932487682 m3 1518.980 in3
= 31.0395 ft3 = H Ls = V Ls

Luas penampang tangki = A= π/4 ID^2 = 0.921 m^2

Tinggi larutan dalam shell = H Ls = V Ls / A = 0.95415369 0.954 m
37.565 in
Vol Tangki = 1.189 m^3
Vol Reaktor = Vr' + V head 8338.781 in^3
Menghitung tinggi shell dan reaktor
Volume tangki = 1.189 m3
Volume shell Vs = Vr - 2 Vol head
= 0.656 m3
Luas penampang tangki = A = phi/4 ID^2
= 5.141 m2

Tinggi shell = Ls = Vs / A = 0.712 m

Tinggi reaktor tinggi shell + 2.ting 1.189 m

Menghitung luas permukaan dalam dan luar dinding reaktor

Luas permukaan dinding dalam
* Dinding shell Asi = phi.D.Ls = 2.420 m2
* Dinding head Ahi = 2(1.22 phi/4 D^2) = 2.248 m2
* Luas total Ai = Asi + Ahi = 4.668 m2

Luas permukaan dinding luar

* Dinding shell Aso = phi.(D + 2ts).Ls = 2.506 m2
* Dinding head Aho = 2(1,22 phi/4 (D + 2.284 m2
* Luas total Ao = Aso + Aho = 4.789 m2

Menentukan Kecepatan Putar dan Pengaduk

Jenis : Marine Propeller with 3 Blades and 4 Baffles Karena ada di grafik antara 10pangkat 0- 10 pangkat1
Pemilihan jenis pengaduk berdasarkan Coulson fig 10.57 hal 470

Spesifikasi :
1. Diameter propeller : Da = Dt / 3 = 0.3611 m

2. Posisi sudu propeller : E = Da = 0.3611 m jarak

3. Lebar propeller : W = Da / 5 = 0.0722 m

4. Kedalaman baffle : J = Dt / 12 = 0.0903 m

5. Panjang sudu propeller : L = Da / 4 = 0.0903 m

Putaran pengaduk untuk cairan agak kental besarnya sekitar 140 rpm (Coulson, 1986)

6. Putaran pengaduk : N= 140 rpm

= 2.333 rps

Power Motor Pengaduk

Sifat fisis cairan dalam reaktor : rho = 517.009 kg/m^3
miu = 1.469 Ns/m^2

Bilangan Reynold
Da2 N 107.0838224216
Re 

Dari Coulson fig 10.58 hal 472
Power Number Np = 0.33

Tenaga pengadukan PNp3D5a

P= 13.3087 J/dtk
= 0.0181 Hp
Efisiensi Motor : em = 80 %

Power Motor Pm = 0.0226 Hp

Dipilih motor dengan daya standar : 0.5 Hp ( Wallas hal 292)

Harga Relatif

1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
2
Neraca Panas

Asam Akrilat
air
butanol
Air

Asam Sulfat REAKTOR I

Air

asam akrilat
butanol
asam sulfat
air
butil akrilat

Perhitungan Panas Reaksi Standar

Data panas pembentukan standar

ΔΗf = A + B.T + C.T^2

Suhu referensi = 25 ºC = 298 K

Komponen ΔHf0 (joule/mol)

C2H3COOH -336230
C4H9OH -274430
H2SO4
H2O -241800
C2H3COOC4H9 -395050

1. Perhitungan Panas Reaksi di Reaktor 01

Umpan dHr. T Produk

Tf = 80 0C Tp = 80 0C

Qc Qh
dHr, Tb
 Tb = 25 0C
1.Panas reaksi standar pada suhu 25 C dapat dicari dengan persamaaan :
∆Hr0 = Ʃ vi ∆Hf0 - Ʃ vi ∆Hf0
produk reaktan
= -26190 joule/mol
= -6256.791 kkal/mol

Komponen A B C D
C2H3COOH -18.242 1.2106E+00 -3.1160E-03 3.1409E-06
C4H9OH 95.15 4.9462E-01 -1.5600E-03 2.2031E-06
H2SO4 26.004 7.7034E-01 -1.3856E-03 1.0942E-06
C7H12O2 95.067 1.1903E+00 -3.4344E-03 4.1982E-06
H2O 92.053 -3.9953E-02 -2.1103E-04 5.3469E-07

panas penurunan suhu umpan sampai 25 C

Komponen Cp Fm1 (Fm.Cp) 1
kJ/kmol K kmol/jam kj/jam
C2H3COOH 148.9516 14.3448 2136.6751
C4H9OH 162.3372 13.7752 2236.2219
H2SO4 161.5095 0.0073 1.1811
C2H3COOC4H9 255.9267 0.0000 0.0000
H2O 75.5530 0.5857 44.2542
Total 804.2780 28.7130 4418.3322

Umpan Segar C2H3COOH

Qc1 = Ʃ (Fmi Cpi)1 (Tb-Tf1)
Qc1 = -243008.271 KJ/jam
-58040.096 kkal/jam

2. Panas Reaksi Standar

panas reaksi standar ∆Hr0 = -26190 Joule/kmol
jumlah a yang bereaksi Fma reaksi = 12.7712586421 Kmol/jam
panas reaksi ∆Hr = -334479.2638354 Joule/jam
-79.8870273744 kkal/jam
3. Panas untuk kenaikan suhu produk sampai 80 C
komponen Cp (KJ/kmol) Fm1 (kmol/jam) (Fm.Cp)1 (KJ/jam)
C2H3COOH 159.005 1.5735 250.195
C4H9OH 172.301 1.0039 172.974
H2SO4 173.435 0.0073 1.268
C7H12O2 272.002 13.3570 3633.131
H2O 75.174 12.7713 960.072
Total 851.918 28.713 5017.6399

Tp = 80 0C 353.15 K
Qh1 = Ʃ Fmi Cpi (Tp-Tb)
Qh1 = 275970.194 KJoule/jam
65912.721 kkal/jam
-58119.983
4. Panas Reaksi Total 58119.983

(∆Hr) A = Qc1 + ∆Hr + Qh1

7792.7385244685 Kkal/jam
3.09E+04 Btu/Jam

2. Perhitungan Panas Reaksi di Reaktor 2

Asumsi : reaksi berlangsung ekshotermis pada suhu 80 C

Umpan dHr. T Produk

Tf = 80 0C Tp = 80 0C

Qc Qh
dHr, Tb
Tb = 25 0C
1. Panas untuk penurunan suhu umpan sampai 25 C (Qc)
panas penurunan suhu umpan sampai 25 C

komponen Cp (KJ/Kmol K) Fm2 (Kmol/jam) (Fm.Cp)2 (KJ/jam)

C2H3COOH 148.952 1.574 234.376
C4H9OH 162.337 1.004 162.971
H2SO4 161.509 0.007 1.181
C2H3COOC4H9 255.927 13.357 3418.411
H2O 75.553 12.771 964.907
Total 28.713 4781.847

Qc = Ʃ (Fmi Cpi)2 (Tb-Tf)

Qc = -263001.586 KJ/jam
-62815.299 kkal/jam -62820.6548308194

2. Panas Reaksi Standar

panas reaksi standar, ∆Hr0 = -2.62E+04 Joule/kmol

jumlah a yang bereaksi, Fma reaksi = 8.56E-01 Kmol/jam
panas reaksi, ∆Hr = -2.24E+04 Joule/jam
-5.356 kkal/jam

3. Panas untuk kenaikan suhu produk sampai 80 C

komponen Cp (KJ/kmol) Fm2 (Kmol/jam) (Fm.Cp)2 (KJ/jam) 353.15
C2H3COOH 159.005 1.574 250.195
C4H9OH 172.301 1.004 172.974
H2SO4 173.435 0.007 1.268
C2H3COOC4H9 272.002 13.357 3633.131
H2O 75.174 12.771 960.072
Total 851.918 28.713 5017.640

Tp = 80 C
Qh = Ʃ Fmi Cpi (Tp-Tb)
Qh = 275970.194 KJoule/jam
65912.721 kkal/jam 62820.655
4. Panas Reaksi Total
(∆Hr) B = Qc + ∆Hr + Qh
3092.066 Kkal/jam
1.23E+04 Btu/Jam
 Gc,to
A
PERANCANGAN PENDINGIN R - 01

Beban Panas Pendingin (QH)

QH = (-DHR)A

QH = 3.0924E+04 Btu/jam

Medium Pendingin
Dipilih : Air pada suhu 30°C dan tekanan 1 atm
Tc1 = Suhu air masuk jaket = 30 oC = 86 oF
Tc2 = Suhu air keluar jaket = 60 C
o
= 140 oF
Tc,avg = suhu air rata-rata = 1/2 (Tc1 + Tc2)
= 45 oC = 113 oF
= 318.15 K
Tr = 80 C
Sifat fisis air pada suhu rata-rata :
Berat molekul BMc = 18.02
Konduktifitas panas kc = 1.276 W/m.K = 0.737 Btu/jam.ft^2(oF/ft)
Densitas c = 1008.97732 kg/m^3 = 62.988 lb/ft^3
Kapasitas panas Cpc = 75235.6752 J/kmol.K = 9.972E-01 Btu/lb.oF
Viskositas c = 0.00061732 Pa.dtk = 1.493 lb/ft.jam

Beda Suhu Logaritmik (DTlm)

(T (TT ) T
(TcR1 ) 
Tc 2()TR TcT 2 
c 2T) Tc 2  Tc1
D
DTT   R Rc1  c1

lmlm
(TR  T(cT )  T ) ( T  T ) (TR  Tc1 )
ln ln 1 R c1
ln R c1
ln
(TR  T(cT2 )R  Tc 2 )(TR  Tc 2 ) (TR  Tc 2 )
DTlm = 32.7407 oC = 90.9332601 oF

Dari tabel 8, hal 840 kern dapat dikeahui fluida panas ini mrpkn medium organic,sdngkan fluida dingin air.
Dalam system cooler maka nilai UD =50-125, diambil UD= 50 Btu/j.ft2.0F ngambil ud 150, karena 75-150

A. Menghitung luas permukaan panas yang dibutuhkan (Aj)

Q
Aj  Ud = 50 Btu/j.ft^2.˚F
U D  DTLMTD
LMTD

A= 18.890 ft^2

over design 20%

 A=
Af
22.668 ft^2

B. Menghitung luas penampang shell tangki (AT)

AT = μ * D * L
AT =
=

5.530 m^2
59.529 ft^2
2.106 m^2

D=
L=
ts =
3264.227 in^2

karena luas transfer panas menggunakan koil tidak mencukupi maka digunakan jaket pendingin

Kebutuhan Medium Pendingin (wc)

Dengan :

Diperoleh :
Qc = Q H

wc 
Qc = wc.Cpc.DTc

Qc
Cp c DTc

DTc = Tc2 – Tc1 =

wc = 5.74E+02 lb/jam
2.60E+02 kg/jam
30 oC =
1.083 m
1.625 m
0.750 in

54 oF
42.651 in
63.976 in

A<AT

Perancangan Ukuran Jaket

Diameter luar reakto 44.151 in
tebal shell reaktor 0.750 in
Jarak antara tangki dengan jaket = 2.5 in

Diameter tangki (Dj)

Dj = Dt + 2 ts + 2 jw
Maka Dj = 50.651 in
1.287 m

Menghitung flow area (Af)

Af =( π (Dj - Dt)^2 )/4
= 33.166 in2

Menghitung tebal dinding shell jaket ( tj )

P= 1 atm 14.70 psia b = 19.176 in
Fa = 18750
 e= 0.85
rj = Diameter jaket = D jaket / 2 = 25.325 in
C= 0.125

tj = P .Dj + C
fa.e-0.6*P

tj = 0.172 in
Dipilih tebal jaket 1/4 in = 0.25 in

Tinggi shell jaket ( Lj )

Lj = A-(π/4.D^2)
π.D
13.711 in 0.348 m

Menghitung sumbu pendek head bottom jaket

Bj = b + L + tj
Dimana
Bj = Sumbu pendek head bottom jaket, in
b = tinggi head = 7.222 in
L = Jarak antara dinding reaktor dengan jaket = 2.5 in

Bj = 9.972 in
0.253 m

tinggi jaket (Zj)

Zj = Lj + Bj
23.684 in
0.602 m

kenapa tinggi jacket reaktor1,2 berbeda

karena di reaktor 1, memiliki koversi lebih besar
 Gc,to
A
PERANCANGAN PENDINGIN R - 02

Beban Panas Pendingin (QH)

QH = (-DHR)A

QH = 1.227E+04 Btu/jam

Medium Pendingin
Dipilih : Air pada suhu 30°C dan tekanan 1 atm
Tc1 = Suhu air masuk jacket = 30 oC = 86 oF
Tc2 = Suhu air keluar jacket = 60 C
o
= 140 oF
Tc,avg = suhu air rata-rata = 1/2 (Tc1 + Tc2)
= 45 oC = 113 oF
= 318.15 K
Tr = 80 C
Sifat fisis air pada suhu rata-rata :
Berat molekul BMc = 18.02
Konduktifitas panas kc = 1.276 W/m.K = 0.737 Btu/jam.ft^2(oF/ft)
Densitas c = 1008.97732 kg/m^3 = 62.988 lb/ft^3
Kapasitas panas Cpc = 75235.6752 J/kmol.K = 9.972E-01 Btu/lb.oF
Viskositas c = 0.00061732 Pa.dtk = 1.493 lb/ft.jam

Beda Suhu Logaritmik (DTlm)

(TR  Tc1 )  (TR  Tc 2 ) Tc 2  Tc1

DTlm  
(T  T ) (T  T )
ln R c1 ln R c1
(TR  Tc 2 ) (TR  Tc 2 )

DTlm = 32.741 oC = 90.933 oF

Dari tabel 8, hal 840 kern dapat dikeahui fluida panas ini mrpkn medium organic,sdngkan fluida dingin air.
Dalam system cooler maka nilai UD =50-125, diambil UD= 100 Btu/j.ft2.0F

A. Menghitung luas permukaan panas yang dibutuhkan (Aj)

Q
Aj  Ud = 125 Btu/j.ft^2.˚F
UD  DTLMTD
A= 2.998 ft^2

over design 20%

Dengan :

Diperoleh :
A=

Qc = Q H

wc 
Af
3.598 ft^2

B. Menghitung luas penampang shell tangki (AT)

AT = μ * D * L
AT =

Qc = wc.Cpc.DTc

Qc
Cp c DTc

DTc = Tc2 – Tc1 =

wc =
=

5.530 m^2
59.529 ft^2

2.28E+02 lb/jam
1.03E+02 kg/jam
0.334 m^2

30 oC
D=
L=
ts =

=
518.083 in^2

1.083 m
1.625 m
0.750 in

karena luas transfer panas menggunakan koil tidak mencukupi maka digunakan jaket pendingin A<AT

Kebutuhan Medium Pendingin (wc)

54 oF
42.651 in
63.976 in

Perancangan Ukuran Jaket

Diameter luar reakto 44.151 in
tebal shell reaktor 0.750 in
Jarak antara tangki dengan jaket = 2.5 in

Diameter tangki (Dj)

Dj = Dt + 2 ts + 2 jw
Maka Dj = 50.651 in
1.287 m

Menghitung flow area (Af)

Af =( π (Dj - Dt)^2 )/4
= 33.166 in2

Menghitung tebal dinding shell jaket ( tj )

P= 1 atm 14.70 psia b = 19.176 in
 Fa = 18750
e= 0.85
rj = Diameter jaket = D jaket / 2 = 25.325 in
C= 0.125

tj = P .Dj + C
fa.e-0.6*P

tj = 0.172 in
Dipilih tebal jaket 1/4 in = 0.25 in

Tinggi shell jaket ( Lj )

Lj = A-(π/4.D^2)
π.D
6.794 in 0.173 m

Menghitung sumbu pendek head bottom jaket

Bj = b + L + tj
Dimana
Bj = Sumbu pendek head bottom jaket, in
b = tinggi head = 7.222 in
L = Jarak antara dinding reaktor dengan jaket = 2.5 in

Bj = 9.972 in
0.253 m

tinggi jaket (Zj)

Zj = Lj + Bj
16.767 in
0.426 m