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HUMAN PERSON
#ROM
•This lesson highlights freedom
from the intellectual, political,
spiritual, and economic aspects.
To be free is a part of
humanity`s authenticity.
R E A L I Z E T H AT
“ A C T I O N H AV E
CONSEQUENCES.”
A R I S TOT L E
•The power of Volition (the
power to make your own choice
or decisions) – The imperative
quality of a judgement of
practical intellect is
meaningless, apart from will.
•Reason can legislate (control),
but only through will can its
legislation be translated into
action.
•If there is no intellect, there
would be no will.
•The will of humanity is an
instrument of free choice. It is
within the power of everyone to
be good or bad, worthy or
worthless. This is borne out by:
•Our inner awareness of an
aptitude to do right or wrong;
•The common testimony of all
human beings;
•The rewards and punishment of
rulers
•The general employment of
praise and blame.
•Moral acts, which are always
particular acts, are in our power
and we are responsible for
them. Character or habit is no
excuse for immoral conduct.
(e.g. cutting classes)
For Aristotle, a human being is
rational (based on facts or
reason and not by emotion).
Reason is divine characteristic.
Humans have the spark of the
divine. If there were no intellect,
there would be no will.
•Our will is an instrument of free
choice. Reason, will, and action
drives each other.
ST. THOMAS
AQUINAS
LO V E I S F R E EDO M
•Of all creatures of God, human
beings have the unique power
to change themselves and the
things around them for the
better.
•A human beings therefore, has
a supernatural transcendental
destiny. This means that he can
rise above his ordinary being or
self to highest being or self.
•This is in line with the idea of St.
Thomas that in the plan of God,
a human being has to develop
and perfect himself by doing his
daily tasks.
•Hence, if a human being
perseveringly lives a righteous
and virtuous life, he transcends
his mortal state of life and soars
to an immortal state of life.
•The power of change, however,
cannot be done by human
beings alone, but is achieved
through cooperation with God.
Between humanity and God,
there is a gap, which God alone
can bridge through His power.
•For love is in consonance with
humanity`s free nature, for law
commands and complete; love
only calls and invites. St.
Thomas emphasizes the
freedom of humanity but
chooses love in governing
humanity`s life.
•Since God is love, then love is
the guiding principle of
humanity toward –self-
perception and happiness his
ultimate destiny.
ST. THOMAS
AQUINAS
SPIRITUAL FREEDOM
ACTIONS
(GOOD OR EVIL)
CONSICENCE
GOD`S
LOVE
•St Thomas Aquinas establishes
the existence of God as a first
cause of all God`s creations,
human beings have the unique
power to change themselves
and things around them for the
better.
•As humans, we are both
material and spiritual. We have
a conscience because of our
spirituality. God is Love and
Love is our destiny.
JEAN PAUL
SARTRE
INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM
•Sartre`s philosophy is
considered to be a
representative of existentialism.
The human person is desire to
be God. The human person
builds the road to the destiny of
his/her choosing; he/she is the
creator.
•Sartre emphasizes the
importance of free individual
choice, regardless the power of
other people to influence and
coerce our desire, beliefs, and
decisions.
•To be human, to be conscious,
is to be free to imagine, free to
choose and be responsible for
one`s life.
JEAN JACQUES
ROUSSEAU
SOCIAL CONTRACT
•He is the most famous and
influential philosophers of the
French enlightenment in the
18 century. In his book The
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