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Problem Statement
QUESTION

• How 3R culture is being inculcated in Germany, Japan with relation to

Malaysia.
• Society role in 3R through survey and case study
• Conduct a survey regarding 3R’s and Sustainability
• Suggestions to improve understanding and behaviour of Malaysian
towards subject

REDUCE: Reducing waste at the source in reduction and prevention

REUSE: Reusing product more than once from purchasing a new one
RECYCLE: Generate waste materials that cannot be reused for other
purposes

SUSTAINABILITY
Definition – Preserving depletion of natural resources in order to maintain
an ecological balance.
General – Challenge of meeting the needs of present without compromising
ability of future generations
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 CASE STUDY 1: Japan Vs. Malaysia
• Japan
1.Sustainability
• Incinerators
2.Public Interest and Social
Impact
• Japanese ‘Mottaini’
culture
3.Health and Safety Issues
• Toxic gas from incinerators
4.Ethics
• Seek approval from
residents before building
incinerators in Japan
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• Malaysia
1.Sustainability
• Landfills
2.Public Interest and Social
Impact
• Lack of environment
education in school syllabus
3. Health and Safety Issues
• Pest and illegal scavenging in
landfills.
4.Ethics
• Sub-par landfills that caused
ground water pollution in
Malaysia
 CASE STUDY 2: Germany Vs. Malaysia
• Germany
1. Sustainability
• Packaging Deposit
• Return vending Machine
2. Public Interest and Social Impact
• “End-Of-Life Vehicle”[ELV] Act (2002)
• “Blue Eco Angel” products
• “Closed Substance Cycle and Waste
Management” Act (1996)
• “Twinning Projects” with ten new EU
Member States
3. Health and Safety Issues
• Fertilizer (high concentration of
Phosphate)
• “Landfill Ordinance” (2002)
4. Ethics
• Extended Producer Responsibility [EPR]
compulsory
• Proper disposal of the office and
communication technology equipment
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• Malaysia
1. Sustainability
• Return vending Machine
• E-credits exchange to Gold
2. Public Interest and Social Impact
• ELV no yet implemented (lack of support)
• Product Certification Program
• “Solid Waste and Public Cleansing
Management Corporation” Act (2007)
• Support from other world bodies such as
UNICEF, UNEP and WHO
3. Health and Safety Issues
• Fertilizer (high concentration of
Phosphate)
• Sanitary landfills sites
4. Ethics
• Voluntary practice of EPR for the waste
management
• “Public Cleansing Management” Act
(2007) to reduce the E-waste
 Survey Outcome
Response of have you heard of 3R and sustainability Chart of respondents of the age range between 15- 40 years odl and
50 respondents who are willing to educate children regarding 3R and
44
45 42 sustainability if any
40
35 48
30 49
25 60
20 Willing to educate children regarding 3R and
40
sustainability if any
15
20 15- 40 years old
10 8 1
6 Above 40 years old
5 0
Respondents
0
Have you heard of 3R? Have you heard of sustainability? Above 40 years old 15- 40 years old Willing to educate children regarding 3R and sustainability if any

YES NO
Responses for Part C: Yes, No, Maybe questions
Least
40 36
Effort
35 32
Small lifestyle change 30
25 23
20 18
Participate in events that 16
promote sustainabulity and 15 12
3R 9
10
5 2 2
Pay more for sustainable
products 0
Most Pay more for sustainable Make small lifestyle change to Participate in events that
Effort products live more sustainably promote sustainability and 3R
5
YES NO MAYBE
 Survey Outcome
Case Study Titled
Investigating
Households Attitude
Towards Recycling of
Solid Waste in Malaysia
published on the
International Journal of
Environmental
Research

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 3R culture in Developed Country and Malaysia

 Behavior and habit  Government involvement

▪ Japanese: ▪ Germans:
✓ Bring rubbish until home ✓ “End-Of-Life Vehicle”[ELV] Act
▪ Malaysian:
▪ Malaysian:
✓ Inter-school recycling campaign
✓ Littering around

 Culture  Education Background

▪ Japanese: ▪ Germans:
✓ Critical thinking and self learning
✓ “Mottainai” culture
▪ Malaysian:
▪ Malaysian:
✓ Spoon-feed learning
✓ None similar culture to “Mottainai”

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 How 3R culture inculcated in developed
countries in comparison to Malaysia?
 Society Behaviors: Japanese people are more disciplined and responsible
 Culture and Mentality: Japanese people have a fear of doing a bad job

How much difference can it make if society

plays their part in practicing the 3R’s?
 Education : Incorporate a comprehensive cultivation of sustainability from a young age in schools

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 • CULTURAL NORM
• CONSTITUTIONAL LAW
• STATE DIFFERENCES
• CAMPAIGNS

• POLICY AND LAW • MULTIPLE LAWS

• PROMOTING 3R • REFINED LAWS
PUBLIC IMPACT ETHICAL

SAFETY SUSTAINABILITY

• WASTE TREATMENT • RECYCLE RATE

• LANDFILLINGS • WASTE MANAGEMENT
EFFICIENCY

• ADVANCED METHOD • TECHNOLOGY

• RELIABILITY • 3R’S PRINCIPLE
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 Conclusion @ Recommendations
• Education System: Incorporate sustainability education

• More Educational Campaigns: Educate the public

• Laws: Legislation and fines to encourage sustainable lifestyle

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 Q & A Session

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 THANK YOU!
ありがとうございます。
Arigatōgozaimasu

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