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Republic of the Philippines

STRATEGIC Department of Education


Region III-Central Luzon
INTERVENTION SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TARLAC PROVINCE
LA PAZ NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Roque, La Paz, Tarlac
MATERIAL

GENERAL
MATHEMATICS
LESSON 22:
LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS
Prepared by: Checked and Reviewed by:

ANGELA D. DE LEON, LPT AIMEE L. JUATCO, Ph. D


Subject Teacher Subject Group Head

Noted by: Approved by:

JUANA CONCEPCION B. RAZON MARIOLITO G. MAGCALAS


Head Teacher VI Head Teacher VI
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL GENERAL MATHEMATICS
OBJECTIVE CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

Student Outcomes
 Students solve simple logarithmic equations using the definition of logarithm and logarithmic properties.

Lesson Notes
In this lesson, students will solve simple logarithmic equations by first putting them into the form log𝑏(𝑌) = X, where 𝑌 is an
expression, and X is a number for 𝑏 = 2, 10, and 𝑒, and then using the definition of logarithm to rewrite the equation in the form 𝑏X = 𝑌.
Students will be able to evaluate logarithms without technology by selecting an appropriate base; solutions are provided with this in mind.
Students will need to use the properties of logarithms developed in prior lessons to rewrite the equations in an appropriate form before
solving
The lesson starts with a few fluency exercises to reinforce the logarithmic properties before moving on to solving equations.

Classwork
Opening Exercise
The following exercises provide practice with the definition of the
logarithm and prepare students for the method of solving logarithmic
equations that follows. Encourage students to work alone on these
exercises, but allow students to work in pairs if necessary.
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
GUIDE CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

CONDENSED FORM EXPANDED FORM

log ( a ∙ b ) log 2 ( 73 · 78 ) log 2 73 + log 2 78

𝒂 𝟏𝟎
log ( ) log 5 ( ) log 5 10 – log 5 3
𝒃 𝟑

log a n log 5 (x 2) 2 log 5 x

Analyze how each expression is


expanded by the laws of logarithms!
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GUIDE CARD GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

The Product Rule of Logarithms


Product Rule of Logarithms
If A, B, and z are positive real numbers, with a  1,
then logz(AB) = logZA+ logZB.

(a) log5(4 · x)

= log54 + log5x
WHAT CAN YOU NOTICE? FROM MULTIPLICATION, IT
TURNED INTO ADDITION.
DISTRIBUTE LOG 5 AND SEPARATE THE FACTORS THEN
PROCEED TO ADDITION
EXPANDING A LOGARITHM MEANS WRITING IT AS THE
SUM OF TWO LOGARITHMS OR MORE.
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GUIDE CARD GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

The Quotient Rule of Logarithms


Quotient Rule of Logarithms
If A, B, and z are positive real numbers, with a  1, then
𝒂
log z ( 𝒃 ) = log z a – log z b

10
(a) log5   = log5 10  log5 3
 3

 c
(b) log8    log8 c  log8 4
 4
AS YOU CAN SEE, THE QUOTIENT RULE MEANS WRITING IT AS THE
DIFFERENCE OF LOGARITHMS

THE NUMERATOR WILL BE THE MINUEND


AND THE DENOMINATOR WILL BE THE SUBTRAHEND
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GUIDE CARD GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

The Power Rule of Logarithms


The Power Rule of Logarithms
If A and z are positive real numbers, with n  1, and n is any real
number, then
log z a n = n log z a

log4a3 log2b9
= 3 log4a = 9 log2b

NOTICE WHAT HAPPENED TO THEIR EXPONENTS!

BASED FROM THE POWER RULE, THE EXPONENT WILL BE


THE CONSTANT WRITTEN BEFORE THE LOG
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
ACTIVITY CARD GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

Your Turn!
Express as a sum of logarithms:

2
log 3 ( x w)
Express as a difference of logarithms

10
log a
b
Expand

3
log a 7
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ACTIVITY CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

true or false
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ACTIVITY CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

logarithmic
equations maze

Directions: Find the solution to each equation


to “find the log” and solve the maze.
SHOW YOUR WORK!
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ASSESSMENT CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

Logarithmic Expressions
Shuffle
Directions: Cut out each puzzle piece, find the
sides that have matching expressions for each
logarithm. Then, glue them onto this page.
Block #6 is marked as correct for a place to
start.
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ASSESSMENT CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

Copy cards on a separate sheet of paper to cut and paste. Arrange them so that touching edges are
equivalent equations
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ENRICHMENT CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

Solve these equations starting at the start box and continuing


until you reach the “END” Not all problems may be used.
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ANSWER CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

CONDENSED FORM EXPANDED FORM

log ( a ∙ b ) log 2 ( 73 · 78 ) log 2 73 + log 2 78 log a + log b

𝒂 𝟏𝟎 log a – log b
log ( ) log 5 ( ) log 5 10 – log 5 3
𝒃 𝟑

log a n log 5 (x 2) 2 log 5 x n log a


STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
ANSWER CARD GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

Express as a sum of logarithms:

log 3 ( x w) log 3 ( x w)  log 3 x  log 3 w


2 2 2

Express as a difference of logarithms

10 10
log a log a  log a 10  log a b
b b
Expand

3
log a 7 3
log a 7  3log a 7
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ANSWER CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

logarithmic
equations maze
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ANSWER CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

Logarithmic
Expressions Shuffle
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
ANSWER CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION MATERIAL
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
REFERENCE CARD
Lesson 22: The Logarithmic Functions

 https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/advanced-algebra/logarithm-rules

 https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/logarithms.html

 https://www.purplemath.com/modules/logrules.html

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