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Andres Bonifacio
Andres Bonifacio, (born Nov. 30, 1863, Manila—died May 10, 1897,
Mt. Buntis, Phil.), Philippine patriot, founder and leader of the
nationalist Katipunan society, who instigated the revolt
of August 1896 against the Spanish.
Bonifacio was born of poor parents in Manila and had little formal
education, working as a messenger and warehouse keeper before
becoming involved in revolutionary activity. He was, however, well-
read. Unlike the nationalist poet and novelist José Rizal, who wanted
to reform Spanish rule in the Philippines, Bonifacio advocated
complete independence from Spain. In 1892 he founded the
Katipunan in Manila, modelling its organization and ceremony on
that of the Masonic order. The Katipunan at first grew slowly, but by
1896 it had an estimated 100,000 members and branches not only in
Manila but also in central Luzon and on the islands of Panay,
Mindoro, and Mindanao. Its members were mostly workers and
peasants; the urban middle class supported reform rather than
revolution.