Example1:

A 10 ton screw jack with maximum extension of 5 in is to have double square threads.
(a) using an allowable compressive stress of 5000 psi; determine the size of the screw, size of the
collar if the bearing pressure is 2,275 psi and a pilot pin diameter of 1 inch and the length of the nut
required if the maximum bearing pressure in the threads is 2,500 psi (b) determine the torque
needed to raise the load and (c) the efficiency of the jack using a coefficient of friction of 0.125.

Solution:

(a) Diameter of Screw: stress is compression;

20,000
Sc = F/Ac, 5,000  , then DR = 2.256 in STD:D=2 ¾ Dr =2.313 Nt = 2
/4 D 2R
threads/in
Size of Collar: stress is bearing

20,000
Sb = F/Ab , 2,275 

/4 D o2  12 
, then Do = 3.491 in let say: Do = 3 ½ in ( Do of collar)

Length of Nut: stress is bearing

F 20,000
Sb = F/Ab =  , Nt = 4.6 threads
/4(D  D r ) N t /4(2.75 2  2.313 2 ) N t
2
o
2

then; Lnut = 4.6 threads x ½ threads per in = 2.3 in.

* Length is at least equals thread diameter. Say L = 3in

(b) Torque needed to raise load: T

WD m (tan   f )
T = Tt + Tc = + f N rc, where;
2(1  f tan  )

W = 20,000 lb = N

f = 0.125

rc = ½ (Do+Di) = ½ (3.5 +1) = 2.25 in

Dm = ½ (D + Dr) = ½ (2.75 + 2.313) = 2.5315 in

L = 2 P = 2 x ½ = 1 in and tan λ = L/πDm = 1/ π 2.5315 = 0.1257

Then;

T = 9260 in-lb

(c) Efficiency of jack (including effect of collar)

e = output work / input work = W x L / 2 π T = 20,000 x 1 / 2π 9260 = 34.37 %

4
Example 2:
The lead screw of a lathe is 50.8 mm ACME thread, 0.98425 thread/cm. To drive the tool
carriage this screw must exert an axial force of 275 kg. The thrust is carried on a collar 115 mm in
outside and 55 mm in inside diameter. The speed of the carriage is 25 mm/s. Determine (a) the
efficiency of the screw and collar force for a coefficient of thread friction of 0.15 and 0.10 for the
thrust collar (b) power required to drive the this screw, kW

Solution:

(a) Total torque required to move the carriage, T = Tt + Tc

W D m (cos  tan   f )
T= + fc N rc , where;
2 (cos   f tan  )

W = 275 kg x 9.81 N/kg = 2697.75 N

 = 14.5 ° for ACME threads
pitch of thread, p = 1/ 0.98425 = 10.16 mm
depth of thread, h = 0.5 P = 0.5 x 10.16 = 5.08 mm
Dm = D – h = 50.8 – 5.08 = 45.72 mm
tan λ = L / π Dm = 10.16 / π 45.72 =0.0707
rc = average collar radius = ½ (115+55) / 2 = 42.5 mm
f = 0.15 for thread and fc = 0.10 for collar

then; T = 25,534 N-mm or 25.534 N-m

(b) efficiency of screw and collar

e = output / input = W x L / 2 π T

=275 x 9.81 N x 10.16 mm / 2 π x 25, 534 N-mm = 17.08 %

(c) power to drive the screw

P= 2πTn but; velocity = pitch x revolution per unit time

25 mm/s = 10.16 mm / rev x n , then n = 2.46 rev/s

P = 2 π 25.534 N-m x 2.46 rev/s = 394 Watts

5
Example 3: Handwheel
A small screw press is to be designed to exert a maximum pressure of
350 kPa on the 300 mm diameter clamping plate. The screw is to be operated by
rotating a 300 mm diameter handwheel which is to be keyed in the upper end of
the screw. The maximum unsupported length of the screw is 500 mm and it is to
be made of steel where the maximum shear stress is 75 MPa. The screw is to
have single square threads. The coefficient of thread friction is 0.12, collar
friction is 0.05 and effective collar diameter is 1.5 times root diameter of screw
threads. Determine (a) standard size of screw (b) torque applied at the handwheel
to exert the required pressure.

Solution:
(a) max shear stress,   s s2  (1/2 S) 2 , eq (1)
* The critical portion is the lower portion of the screw below the frame. This is subjected to
torsional and buckling stress.

Ss = 16 T / πDr3, where; T = f W Dm / 2 where; W = 350 kPa x π/4 (0.300 m)2 = 24.740 kN

= 0.05 x 24,470 N x 1.5 Dr /2 = 927.75 Dr N-mm

= 16 x 927.75 Dr / πDr3
= 4725 / Dr2 N/mm2

F 1 F
S=α  , where;
A (1  0.0044 L/k) A

F = W = 24740 N k = Dr / 4 L = 500 mm A = π/4 Dr

31500
S= N/mm2
D r (D r  8.8)

2 2
 4725   31500 
Using eq (1), 75 MPa   2     , where we can solve by trial and error
 Dr   2x D r (D r -8.8) 

STD: Table 8.1 let: D = 25.4 mm (1 in) Dr = 14.8374 mm (0.781 in) T = 4 thread/in

Results to a stress of 72.98 N/mm2 or MPa < 75 MPa (okay!)

WD m (tan   f )
(b) T = Tt + Tc = + fc N rc, where;
2(1  f tan  )
Dm = 22.6187 mm tan λ = 0.089 rc = ½ Dr = ½ x 29.7561 = 14.87 mm
f = 0.12 fc = 0.05

then, T = 77,512 N-mm