Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
The credit for bringing a revaluation in the field of linguistics goes to the swiss scholar Ferdinand de Saussure he is
the founder of modern linguistics the father of structural linguistics which come to be called descriptive linguistics
also. At the age of twenty while still a student at Leipzig he left his linguistic imprint by publishing his monumental
treatise on the proto-indo European vocalic system saussure knew many language – Sanskrit, Greek, Latin ,Swiss,
French ,old German etc .at Paris where he taught Sanskrit for ten years from 1881 to 1891 and served as secretary of
the linguistics society of the Paris his influence on the development of linguistics was decisive Later on he accepted
the chair of linguistics at the university of Geneva where he taught linguistics between 1906 and 1911.
His course de linguistique generale (hereafter the course) was published in 1916 three year after his death , from his
lecture note by his two students charles bally (1865 -1947)and alber sechehaye (1870-1946) , although saussure has
about 600 page on linguistics to his credit yet his main work is course it this book that marks the beginning of
modern linguistics and tries to study language synchronically for its own sake and questions many traditional
grammatical distinctions at language in a new way .
Saussure’s contribution:
Saussure’s contribution to linguistics is of great significance. He revolutionized linguistics, made it descriptive and
structural, gave it a methodology and objectivity and brought it out of the rut it was in. he is indeed one of the
greatest theoreticians of the new era of linguistics. It was he who first of all emphasized repeatedly the importance
of seeing language as a living phenomenon (as against the historical view), of studying speech (in place of isolated
phonetic tendencies and occasional grammatical comparisons), and in placing language firmly in its social milieu (as
opposed to seeing it solely as a set of physical features). The tradition of study which has grown up around Saussure
has been to extract various theoretical dichotomies from his work and to concentrate on the clarification of these.
Saussure’s great service to the study of language lies in a series of rigorous distinctions and definitions which he
made concerning the nature of language. Though a historical linguist in the beginning, he detached himself from the
tradition of linguistics as a purely historical study.