THE CHESS

Chess is a board game for two players, using a game board consisting of 64 squares in 8 rows
and 8 columns, the boxes are two colors, white and black, each player at the beginning of the
game has 16 pieces.

The objective of the game is to capture the king of the other player, this position is called
check

What is Chess?

Chess is a game of wit, for two players. Each player has sixteen pieces. One player plays with
the white pieces and another with the black ones. Each group of pieces consists of a king, a
queen, two bishops, two horses, two towers and eight pawns.

It is played on a board divided into 64 squares of alternating colors (usually black and white).

Purpose of Chess

The objective of the game is to capture the king of the other player. The capture is never
completed, but once the king is attacked and can not escape that capture, it is said to be a
checkmate and the game ends.

The Pieces

The King: The king is the most important piece on the chessboard. The king can move in all
directions, including diagonally but only one square. It must not be captured and if it is in
danger it must be put to safety immediately. If it is not possible to keep the king safe then we
can consider the game lost.

The Queen: The lady is the most powerful piece on the board. This is because it can control
more boxes than any other piece. It moves forward or backward and diagonally without
boundary of boxes. However, no other piece can jump.

The Tower: The tower moves rectilinearly towards all the squares of the line and column to
which it corresponds, and can not jump other pieces

The Bishop: He has his line of action on the diagonal, always by his color, and moves in this
direction by crossing the squares he occupies. You can not skip any piece and it always moves
by squares of the same color.

The Horse: The horse is the most eccentric piece (it is the only piece that can jump between
the others). He jumps describing an arc above the squares that surround his position, and
places himself in one of the immediate ones. Your arrival box is always of a different color than
the square it occupies.
The Pawn: The pawn moves forward, advancing one step at a time except when leaving its
initial square, making its first movement of the game, in which case it can advance two
squares. In addition, the pawn has a diagonal movement; but he is only allowed to eat or
capture the pieces or pawns of the immediate squares.

Rules and Movements of Chess

At the beginning of the game the pieces are placed in the following order: the white queen is
placed in the central white square of the first row of the board, and the black queen in the
central black square on the opposite side. Next to the queen is the king, and to the right of this
the bishop, the horse and the tower.

The player with the white pieces makes the first movement. After each player has a single turn
to move, a player must only make one move each turn.

How to Play

A movement consists of placing a piece in a different box, following the rules of movement.

A player can capture a piece of his speaker by moving a piece of his to the square in which the
piece of his opponent is. The opponent's piece is removed from the board and the rest of the
game will remain out of play.

Check

If a king is threatened that he is going to be captured, but has a chance to escape, it is said to
be check.

There are three ways in which you should move out of check:

-Capturing the piece that has done the check.

-Blocking the attack line.

-Moving the king out of the check zone.

Checkmate

The main objective in chess is to checkmate your opponent's king. When a king can not avoid
being captured it is said to be checkmate and the game ends immediately.

Time control

A normal chess clock is used to limit the duration of the game. These clocks count the time it
takes for each player to perform their movements separately. The rules are very simple, if you
over time, you lose the game, so you must plan your time.
The best chess players in history

Magnus Carlsen is currently the best chess player in the world. He is the reigning world chess
champion and has been since 2013.

# 1: Magnus Carlsen

Magnus Carlsen's chess career is full of great achievements. He was only 13 years old when he
won his Grand Master title in 2004.

Three years later, Carlsen defeated World Chess Champion Vishy Anand and became the new
World Chess Champion.

The following year, he retained his title in a rematch against Vishy Anand and won the Fast
World Championship.

What makes Magnus the best in the world is that he seems to have no weaknesses and once
he gets a small advantage, he knows how to turn it into a victory.

# 2: Garry Kasparov

Garry started playing chess when he was 10 years old at school. In 1979, he accidentally
entered a professional tournament that he won. In 1984 he lost to Anatoly Karpov. But the
following year he won the title and defended it 3 times.

Garry Kasparov retired from professional chess in 2005 after 20 years as the best player in the
world.

Today, many chess fans expect Garry Kasparov to return to professional chess to see how he
would face young chess giants such as Caruana, Karjakin and Carlsen.

# 3: Bobby Fischer

Many chess fans consider Bobby Fischer the best chess player of all time. He became World
Chess Champion in 1972.

Three years later, Bobby Fischer refused to defend his title against a new challenger, Anatoly
Karpov, because he was not happy with the format of the World Chess Championship. From
1972, Bobby Fischer stopped playing chess in competitions.

# 4: Anatoly Karpov

Anatoly Karpov was a youth chess champion in 1969. He reigned from 1975 to 1985, lost his
title to Gary Kasparov in 1985 after successfully defending him only a year earlier.

His achievements and skills qualify Karpov to be among the best players in history.
# 5: Vishy Anand

Although today Vishy Anand lives in the shadow of Magnus Carlsen, we must not forget that
Anand has won almost all the titles that a professional chess player could wish to win. In
December 2017, he was the fast chess world champion. Vishy became the first Grand Master
of India when he was 18 years old.
Summary of movement pieces

Tower

The tower moves in a straight line as many squares as it is possible to move. That is, you can
move a single cell or, if you have space, you can move 3, 4, 5 or as you wish.

The bishop

It moves diagonally and, like the tower, you can move all the boxes you want (as long as you
do not hit a rival piece or pawn before).

The king

Their movements are limited because only one box can advance. That advance can be in any
direction but one at a time. The other important limitation that the king has is that, when
moving on the board, he can never be exposed to being captured by another rival piece or
pawn. If this happens, the play is considered illegal and must make another move.

The lady or queen

It is the most powerful piece because you can move as many squares as you want, either
straight or diagonally. His powers are a combination of what the rook can do and what the
bishop can do.

Horse

This is a piece with special capabilities, we could say. Unlike the tower, the bishop, the king
and the lady, who move in a straight or diagonal line, the horse gets out of that pattern. Its
movement is L-shaped. There are two options: you can move two squares vertically and one
horizontally or vice versa: two squares horizontally and one vertically. These jumps that the
horse can make distinguish him from the other pieces and give him a peculiar role in the
games and strategy of each player. Keep in mind that the horse is the only piece that can "pass
over" another piece of the board, either its own or someone else's.

The pawn

When a pawn has not yet been moved in the game, you have the option to advance one or
two squares in a straight line.

When a pawn has already been moved at least once in the game, it can only advance one
square in a straight line.