PAINT

PROPERTIES, USES & DEFECTS

PAINT

 Paint is any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition that, after application

to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film.
 Paints are used to protect metals, timber, plastered surfaces, brickwork
and concrete work from corrosive effects of weather, heat, moisture or
gases etc., and to improve their appearance.
 Composition of paint can be easily adjusted in the process of their
manufacture, depending on the purpose for which they are required and
the quality of work required.
USES OF PAINTS

 It is used to protect the material from atmospheric effects.

 It is used to protect the material from corrosion.
 It is used to protect wooden articles from wet rot and other types of
defects.
 To make the materials long-lasting.
 It is used to give attractive colours.
 It is used to give pleasing surface design and appearance.
 It is used to give a high class finish.
 Composition
of paint

base vehicle drier pigment solvent

Composition of paint

 Base:
 Character of the paint
 Bulk of paint
 Gives durability, reduces shrinkage.
 Examples of base: zincwhite, whitelead, redlead.
 Vehicle:
 Holds the ingredients.
 A binder to stick.
 Spreads the paint evenly.
 Examples of vehicle: linseed oil, poppy oil.
Composition of paint

 Fillers are used to give weight to the paint which makes it economical.
 Examples of fillers: chalk, charcoal.
 Solvents are used to dilute the paint.
 Example of solvent: turpentine oil.
 Driers :
 Accellerates the process of drying.
 Prevents shrinkage.
 Improves durability.
 Example of drier: red lead and litharge.
 Pigment:
 Pigments are granular solids incorporated in the paint to contribute color.
 Preparation of paint

Pigment
Thinner
Vehicle Mixer Grinding vehicle Thinning Transfer container
plasticizer mill tank tank
Properties of good paint

 It should give a thin and uniform coating.

 It should have good spread. Maximum area minimum quantity.
 Easy application.
 It should have good adhesive power.
 It should give a good finish with attractive colour, deign and appearance.
 The colours should be fast and permanent.
 It should be hard and durable on drying.
 The painted surface should not crack on drying.
Properties of good paint

 It should be resistant to weathering and corrosive action.

 It should be water repellent.
 It should be cheap and economical.
 Not health hazardous.
Defects

 Dilution
 This usually occurs when the dilution of the paint is not done as per manufacturers
recommendation. There can be a case of over dilution and under dilution, as well as dilution
with the incorrect diluent.
 Contamination
 Foreign contaminants added without the manufacturers consent can cause various defects.
 Peeling/Blistering
 Most commonly due to improper surface treatment before application and inherent
moisture/dampness being present in the substrate.
 Chalking
 Chalking is the progressive powdering of the paint film on the painted surface. The primary
reason for the problem is due to exposure of UV radiation in sunshine and condensation from
dew.
Defects

 Erosion
 Erosion is very quick chalking. It occurs due to external agents like air, water etc.
 Cracking
 Cracking of paint film is due to the unequal expansion or contraction of paint coats. It
usually happens when the coats of the paint are not allowed to cure/dry completely
before the next coat is applied.
THAT’S ALL FOLKS!