Research Reeeeeal

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Running head: EFFICIENCY OF VERMICOMPOSTING
Efficiency of Organic Fertilizer Under the Influence of African Night Crawler
(Eudrilus Eugeniae) and Organic Fertilizer Out of Banana Peelings in the Growth
of Tomato Plant
Lorize Lorielle D. Dado
Nicole E. Rostrata
Vanessa Andrea B. Aguilon
Investigators
Zambales National High School

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EFFICIENCY OF VERMICOMPOSTING
Rationale
One of the inevitable problems in our society is the improper disposal of rotting waste. It
is oftenly done on sidewalks, public markets, schools, and other public places. Adding up more
environmental and economic problems.
Vermicomposting, or worm composting turns scraps and other green waste into a rick,
dark soil that smells like earth and feels like magic. Made of almost pure worm casting, it’s a sort
of super compost. Not only is it rich in nutrients but it’s also loaded with the microorganisms that
create and maintain healthy soil. (Clemson University Extension [CUE], 2017). This process is
effective in the use of degradation from wildlife habitats, papyrus papers, dead plants, leftover
foods from restaurants, and even locally located factories.
Eudrilus eugeniae is a type of worm mostly found in Africa. This worm is also called
growing population system but takes time and patience to give them the right care.
In this study, the researchers will observe how the rotten waste be efficient under the
influence of Eudrilus eugeniae and will be compared to the organic fertilizer composed of rotting
waste materials without going through chemically inclined process in order to see which process
will improve vermicomposting, and at the same time decreasing the rotting waste materials in our
society.
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Problem
This study aims to compare the efficiency of organic fertilizer under the influence of
African night crawler (E. eugeniae) and organic fertilizer out of banana peelings in the growth of
tomato plant.
Specifically, this study is concerned in seeking answer to the following questions.
1. Which is more effective in terms of:
a. Germination of the seed.
i. How many days?
b. Height of the plant?
i. In a week?
ii. In two weeks?
iii. In three weeks?
Hypothesis:
There is no significant difference in using the organic fertilizer under the
influence of African night crawler (E. eugeniae) and organic fertilizer out of banana
peelings in the growth of tomato plant.
Engineering goals:
Fertilizers nowadays contains chemicals that can harm plants and destroy nutritious soil.
Also, some of it takes away the nutrients of the plant. This study will help us, especially the
farmers to have an efficient fertilizer to use in planting and growing plants.

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Expected Outcomes:
The organic fertilizer under the influence of African night crawler (E. eugeniae) and the
organic fertilizer out of banana peelings have a significant difference.
Methodology:
Materials:
The materials used in this experiment are three (3) packs of Tomato seeds, one (1)
kilogram of African Night Crawlers (E. eugeniae) worms, a box where the worms are placed,
three (3) seedling trays, sixty (60) plot bags, rotting waste materials which is the banana
peelings, composite soil, compost bin, plastic wrapper and water.
Controlled Variable:
 Composite soil without any fertilizer
Independent Variables:
 Organic Fertilizer under the influence of E. eugeniae
 Organic fertilizer from banana peelings
Dependent Variables:
 Growth of tomato plants
o Time of germination of the seed
o Height of plant
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Procedure:
Organic Fertilizer under the influence of African night crawler (E. eugeniae)
In making an organic fertilizer under the influence of African night crawler (E.
eugeniae), banana peelings (Figure 1) are collected to be fed to the African Night Crawler
(Figure 2). And wait for about two weeks until the waste of E. Eugenia worms can be used as an
organic fertilizer.
Figure 1. Banana Peelings
Figure 2. Feeding the Rotten Banana Peelings to the E. Euginea Worms

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Organic fertilizer without any influence of chemically inclined process
In making an organic fertilizer out of banana peelings, a compost bin was set and a
compost container was used to collect the banana peelings. The banana peelings were grinded
into tiny pieces using a grinder (Figure 3). After grinding, the banana peelings were mixed with
compost soil in the compost bin using a long handled fork or shovel. Then 3 liters of water were
added and the compost bin was covered with plastic food wrapper, and placed directly under the
sunlight.
Figure 3. Grinding the banana peelings
Figure 4. Grinded banana peelings

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Planting the seedling with the organic fertilizers
Three seedling trays were used to plant the tomato seeds (1) For the composite soil
without organic fertilizers (Figure 5) (2) For the soil with the organic fertilizer without
chemically inclined process (Figure 6) (3) For the soil with the organic fertilizer under the
influence of E. Eugenia (Figure 7). The plants were watered with the same amount of water
every day. The days of germination of the seeds were observed and recorded. After germinating,
the tomato plants were transferred into plant bags (approximately 20 plants). The growth of the
plants were observed for three weeks and the height of the plants were measured and recorded
after germination.
Figure 5. Planting of seeds in composite soil
Figure 6. Planting of seeds in the soil with organic fertilizer

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Figure 7. Planting of seeds in soil with the organic fertilizer under the influence of E.
Eugenia
Figure 8. Measuring the height of the plants

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Experimental Setup:
This research will be conducted in a household where the Fertilizers will be tested.
Figure 9. E. euginae being fed with rotten waste materials
Figure 10. Making the organic fertilizer without any chemically inclined process
Figure 11. Planting of seeds

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Data Analysis:
In this problem, application of one – factor ANOVA will test the following hypothesis:
Step 1. Ho: There is no significant difference in using the organic fertilizer under the influence of
tomato plant.
Ha: There is a significant difference in using the organic fertilizer under the influence of
tomato plant.
Step 2. Compute the raw score.
Tomato Setup A Setup B Setup C
Plants X1 X21 X2 X22 X3 X23
1
8 64 7 49 9.6 92.16
2
7.8 60.84 6.1 37.21 10.2 104.04
3
8.4 70.56 7.5 56.25 9.6 92.16
4
8.6 73.96 7.1 50.41 9.9 98.01
5
7.5 56.25 7.7 59.29 10 100
6
8.6 73.96 7.5 56.25 9.5 90.25
7
8.6 73.96 7.4 54.76 9.6 92.16
8
9.1 82.81 6.7 44.89 10.6 112.36
9
8.3 68.89 6.6 43.56 10.4 108.16
10
7.7 59.29 7.1 50.41 9.4 88.36
11
11
8.1 65.61 7.6 57.76 10.1 102.01
12
7.8 60.84 8.2 67.24 10 100
13
7.5 56.25 7.6 57.76 10.9 118.81
14
9.1 82.81 7.4 54.76 11.4 129.96
15
8.3 68.89 6.1 37.21 10.5 110.25
16
9.7 94.09 7.4 54.76 10.9 118.81
17
9.2 84.64 6.8 46.24 11.4 129.96
18
9 81 7.6 57.76 12.3 151.29
19
9 81 8.4 70.56 10.2 104.04
20
8.3 68.89 6.6 43.56 9.6 92.16
Sums
168.6 1428.54 144.4 1049.64 206.1 2134.95
Means 144.4/20=7.22 206.1/20=10.31
168.6/20=8.43
Step 3. Compute the sums of N for each group, the total N, the sums of the raw scores and the
sums of the squared scores.
∑ Nt = N1 + N2 + N3 = 20 + 20 + 20 = 60
∑ Xt = X1 + X2 + X3 = 168.6 + 144.4 + 206.1 = 519.1
∑ Xt2 = X12 + X22 + X32 = 1428.54 + 1049.64 + 2134.95 = 4613.13

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Step 4. Compute sums of squares.
a. SSt (SS for the total variability)
2
SSt = ∑ Xt2 − (∑ Xt ) ÷ ∑ Nt
519.12
= 91754.53 −
60
269464.81
= 91754.53 −
60
= 4613.13 − 4491.1
= 122.03
b. SSb (SS for between group variability)
(∑ X1 )2 (∑ X2 )2 (∑ X3 )2 (∑ Xt )2
SS𝑏 = + + −
N1 N2 N3 Nt
(168.6)2 (144.4)2 (206.1)2 (519.1)2

= + + −
20 20 20 60
28425.96 20851.36 42477.21 269464.81

= + + −
20 20 20 60
= 1421.3 + 1042.57 + 2123.86 − 4491.1
= 4587.73 − 4491.1
= 96.63
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c. SSw (for within group variability)
SSw = SSt − SSb
= 122.03 − 96.63
= 25.4
Step 5. Find the degree of freedom
a. Between groups:
df = K – 1
=3–1
=2
b. Within groups:
df = Nt – K
= 60 – 3
= 57
Step 6. Find the Mean Squares (MS).
SSb 96.63
a. MSb = = = 48.2
dfb 2
𝑆𝑆 25.4
b. MSw = 𝑑𝑓𝑤 = = 0.45
𝑤 57
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Step 7. Find the F – ratio
MSb 48.2
F= = = 107.11
MSw 0.45
Step 8. Determine the significance of F. Refer to the table of F – ratio. The critical value for
df = 2/57 at the 0.05 level is 3.15 and at the 0.01 level, it is, 4.98. Therefore, the obtained F –
ratio is significant at the 0.01 level of confidence.
Step 9. Summarize the three sources of variation and the compute F – ratio in a table for the One
– Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance).
Sources of Sums of Mean of Tabula F – Computed

df Ho
Variation Squares Squares 0.01 F - test
Between
2 96.63 48.2
groups
Within 4.98 107.11 Reject

57 25.4 0.45
groups
Total 59 122.03
The significant F – ratio reveals the rejection of null hypothesis. We may now accept the
alternative hypothesis that the there is a significant difference in using the organic fertilizer under
the influence of African night crawler (E. eugeniae) than the organic fertilizer out of banana
peelings in the growth of tomato plant.

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Results and Discussion:
-LEGEND-
Setup A: Composite Soil without Fertilizer
Setup B: Organic Fertilizer from banana peelings
Setup C: Organic Fertilizer under the influence of E. euginiae
The days of germination of the tomato plants were observed. The tomato plant in the
composite soil without fertilizer (Setup A) germinated in the 3rd day the same with the tomato
plant in the organic fertilizer under the influence of E. Eugeniae (Setup C) while the tomato plant
in the organic fertilizer from banana peelings (Setup B) germinated in the 4th day.
Table 1: Days of the germination of the Tomato Plants
Days of germination of the Tomato Plants

Tomato Plant
Setup A Setup B Setup C
1 3rd day 4th day 3rd day

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As the tomato plants grow the water used to water the plants increased. In the first week,
we used 1 liter of water per setup, in the second week, 2 liters of water per setup and in the third
week, 2.5 liters of water per setup.

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Table 2: Height of the Tomato Plants in centimeters (cm) in Week 1
Height of the Tomato Plants (cm)

Tomato Plant
A B C
1 6.5 6.0 6.9
2 6.4 4.3 7.5
3 5.7 6.3 7.0
4 7.4 5.5 7.1
5 5.6 4.8 8.3
6 6.0 4.7 7.9
7 6.2 4.5 7.7
8 6.5 4.1 8.0
9 8.0 4.1 8.6
10 6.0 4.6 6.3
11 5.7 5.5 6.8
12 6.3 5.5 6.8
13 7.0 5.5 8.0
14 7.5 5.7 7.5
15 6.5 5.4 7.0
16 6.5 5.4 7.0
17 7.0 5.0 6.7
18 7.0 5.0 8.3
19 6.8 7.4 7.0

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20 7.0 5.8 6.6
TOTAL 131.6 105.1 147
AVE 6.58 5.255 7.35
Table 3: Average height of Tomato Plants in One Week
Average Height of the Tomato Plants (cm)

8
0
Week 1
In week one (1), the height of the tomato plants were measured and recorded. You will
notice that the height of the plants in the organic fertilizer under the influence of E. Eugeniae
(Setup C) is the tallest among the others with the average height of 7.35 cm. Next is the tomato
plant in the composite soil without fertilizer (Setup A) with the average height of 6.58 cm. Last is
the tomato plant in the organic fertilizer from banana peelings (Setup B) with average height of
5.255 cm.
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Tomato Plant Height of the Tomato Plants (cm)
A B C
1 7.5 6.5 11.0
2 8.0 5.6 11.0
3 10.0 7.0 9.5
4 8.5 7.0 10.0
5 8.0 6.5 9.5
6 9.0 6.5 9.0
7 8.5 8.0 9.0
8 10.0 6.5 11.2
9 8.0 6.5 10.0
10 7.0 6.0 9.0
11 7.5 7.0 10.0
12 7.0 8.0 10.0
13 8.0 6.5 10.6
14 8.3 7.0 10.4
15 8.5 6.0 10.2
16 9.0 8.0 10.6
17 8.5 6.5 13.0
18 9.5 6.5 11.0
19 8.5 8.0 9.6

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20 8.5 6.0 8.0
TOTAL 167.8 135.6 202.6
AVE 8.39 6.78 10.13
Table 5: Average height of Tomato Plants in Two Weeks

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10
0
Week 2
For the 2nd week, the height of the tomato plants were measured and recorded. The height
of the plants in the organic fertilizer under the influence of E. Eugeniae (Setup C) is the tallest
among the others with the average height of 10.13 cm. Next is the tomato plant in the composite
soil without fertilizer (Setup A) with the average height of 8.39 cm. Last is the tomato plant in
the organic fertilizer from banana peelings (Setup B) with average height of 6.78.
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Tomato Plant Height of the Tomato Plants (cm)
A B C
1 10.0 8.5 11.0
2 9.0 8.5 12.0
3 9.5 9.3 12.2
4 9.9 8.9 12.5
5 8.9 11.7 12.3
6 10.9 11.2 11.5
7 11.0 9.8 12.1
8 10.8 9.4 12.7
9 9.0 .92 12.5
10 10.0 10.8 13.0
11 11.0 10.2 13.5
12 10.0 11.2 13.0
13 10.4 10.9 14.1
14 11.5 9.5 16.3
15 9.8 7.0 14.2
16 13.7 8.9 15.0
17 12.1 8.9 14.4
18 10.5 11.4 17.5
19 11.8 9.9 14.0

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20 9.4 8.0 14.3
TOTAL 209.2 194.3 268.1
AVE 10.46 9.715 13.405
Table 7: Average Height of Tomato Plants in Three Weeks

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14
12
10
0
Week 3
In the third week, the height of the tomato plants were measured and recorded. The height
of the plants in the organic fertilizer under the influence of E. Eugeniae (Setup C) is the tallest
among the others with the average height of 13.405 cm. Next is the tomato plant in the
composite soil without fertilizer (Setup A) with the average height of 10.46 cm. Last is the
tomato plant in the organic fertilizer from banana peelings (Setup B) with the average height of
9.715 cm.
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Table 8: Average Height of the Tomato Plants for Three Weeks

16
14
12
10
0
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3
In the three weeks of observing the growth of the tomato plants, the height of the tomato
plants in the organic fertilizer under the influence of E. Eugeniae (Setup C) is the tallest among
the others. Next is the tomato plant in the composite soil without fertilizer (Setup A). Last is the
tomato plant in the organic fertilizer from banana peelings (Setup B)

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References
P. N. Lim, T. Y. Wu, C. Clarke, N. N. Nik Daud. (2014). A Potential Bioconversion of Empty
Fruit Bunches into Organic Fertilizer using Eudrilus Eugeniae. Retrieved July 18, 2017,
from:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13762-014-0648-2
No Author. 10 Natural Fertilizer Recipes. Retrieved July 18, 2017, from:
https://www.homegrownfun.com/natural-fertilizers-around-house/
Philippine Coconut Authority. (2008). How to Make Organic Fertilizer. Retrieved July 18, 2017,
from
https://www.filentrep.com/agri-business/how-to-make-organic-fertilizer.htm
No Author. Planet Natural. Retrieved July 31, 2017, from:
https://www.planetnatural.com/composting.101/indoor-composting/vermicomposting/
Orr J. (2011). Which Worms Are The Best For Composting? Retrieved August 2, 2017, from:
https://www.julieorrdesign.com/which-worms-are-best-for-composting/
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Attachments:
Risk and Safety
While chopping the banana peelings make sure that your knife is sharp and the handle is not
loose. Knives should be directed away from aisle areas and other people working in close
proximity. After using the knives, store the knife in its proper storage. While planting the seeds,
where gardening gloves if necessary to keep dirt and contaminants away from your skin and
out of cuts you may have. Another way to exercise caution is to handle planting during the
cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or evening.
Disposal
There are parts of the banana peelings that are not used, make sure that these parts must be
disposed properly. Also make sure that the tomato seeds sachet are properly disposed while the
seedling trays can be recycled for further use when the plants are transferred to plant bags.

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1

Running head: EFFICIENCY OF VERMICOMPOSTING

Efficiency of Organic Fertilizer Under the Influence of African Night Crawler

Lorize Lorielle D. Dado

Vanessa Andrea B. Aguilon

Zambales National High School

environmental and economic problems.

foods from restaurants, and even locally located factories.

Specifically, this study is concerned in seeking answer to the following questions.

1. Which is more effective in terms of:

a. Germination of the seed.

i. How many days?

b. Height of the plant?

ii. In two weeks?

iii. In three weeks?

There is no significant difference in using the organic fertilizer under the

peelings in the growth of tomato plant.

farmers to have an efficient fertilizer to use in planting and growing plants.

organic fertilizer out of banana peelings have a significant difference.

peelings, composite soil, compost bin, plastic wrapper and water.

 Composite soil without any fertilizer

 Organic Fertilizer under the influence of E. eugeniae

 Organic fertilizer from banana peelings

 Growth of tomato plants

o Time of germination of the seed

Figure 1. Banana Peelings

Figure 2. Feeding the Rotten Banana Peelings to the E. Euginea Worms

Organic fertilizer without any influence of chemically inclined process

Figure 3. Grinding the banana peelings

Figure 4. Grinded banana peelings

Planting the seedling with the organic fertilizers

Figure 5. Planting of seeds in composite soil

Figure 6. Planting of seeds in the soil with organic fertilizer

Figure 8. Measuring the height of the plants

Figure 9. E. euginae being fed with rotten waste materials

Figure 11. Planting of seeds

Step 2. Compute the raw score.

Tomato Setup A Setup B Setup C

Plants X1 X21 X2 X22 X3 X23

sums of the squared scores.

∑ Xt = X1 + X2 + X3 = 168.6 + 144.4 + 206.1 = 519.1

∑ Xt2 = X12 + X22 + X32 = 1428.54 + 1049.64 + 2134.95 = 4613.13

Step 4. Compute sums of squares.

a. SSt (SS for the total variability)

b. SSb (SS for between group variability)

(168.6)2 (144.4)2 (206.1)2 (519.1)2

28425.96 20851.36 42477.21 269464.81

= 1421.3 + 1042.57 + 2123.86 − 4491.1

c. SSw (for within group variability)

SSw = SSt − SSb

Step 5. Find the degree of freedom

Step 6. Find the Mean Squares (MS).

Step 7. Find the F – ratio

ratio is significant at the 0.01 level of confidence.

– Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance).

Sources of Sums of Mean of Tabula F – Computed

Within 4.98 107.11 Reject

peelings in the growth of tomato plant.

Results and Discussion:

Setup A: Composite Soil without Fertilizer

Setup B: Organic Fertilizer from banana peelings

Setup C: Organic Fertilizer under the influence of E. euginiae

Table 1: Days of the germination of the Tomato Plants

Days of germination of the Tomato Plants