Chapter 3

1 What is a necessity entrepreneur and how is this connected to population

growth?
An entrepreneur who starts a business because there were no better options for
work, rather than because s/he saw an opportunity. Populous countries have high rates
of entrepreneurial activity
2 What are opportunities you can name for entrepreneurs in terms of changing
world populations?
Entrepreneurial opportunities due to overpopulation.
Opportunities arising from the youthful population.
Opportunities arising from the ageing population.

3 Are entrepreneurs responsible for global warming?

Yes, Global warming produces too much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the
atmosphere – which acts as a blanket, trapping heat and warming the planet. As
humans burn fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas for energy or cut down and burn
forests to create pastures and plantations, carbon accumulates and overloads the
atmosphere. Think about the entrepreneurs and their inventions that depend on fossil
fuels: aeroplanes, cars, electrical power plants, paper, plastic, rockets, steam engines,
steel and electric lights.

4 Can you describe an environmental market failure in your area?

There clearly has been a complete market failure in protecting the Earth’s
resources. Market failures not only prevent entrepreneurial action to resolve
environmental problems but can actually motivate entrepreneurs toward
environmentally degrading behaviour. This may explain why business entrepreneurs
have been some of the greatest violators and polluters in their headlong quest for
creating value.

5 Name pairs of entrepreneurial ventures that demonstrate the difference between

industrial entrepreneurship and sustainable entrepreneurship; for example, Hertz
and Uber.
Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf and Starbucks Coffee Corporation.

6 What part of your life belongs to the biosphere? To the sociosphere? To the
econosphere?
Biosphere (B) consist of all the living and non-living thing on Earth. Sociosphere
(S) consist of all the people in a social system, all the roles they occupy and all their
patterns of behaviour, all their inputs and outputs relevant to other human beings and all
the organizations and groups they belong to. Econosphere (E) consists primarily of the
segment of the sociosphere that is organised through exchange, where the exchange is
mediated through prices.
7 Name three products that express positive entrepreneurship and three for
negative entrepreneurship.
Positve entrepreneurship – glass, paper, tire wheels
Negative entrepreneurship – sytro products, foam, tiles
8 Give three good examples of up-cycled products.
An example would be reconstructing old mattresses, repairing and reusing carpet
squares, turning wooden pallets into designer furniture and converting waste into art.
9 Entrepreneurs are creating new frameworks of entrepreneurial ecology every
day. Just think of Airbnb and Uber. Can you name some other entrepreneurial
ventures that are creating this kind of redefinition?
Grab, Angkas, Lalamove,