Laboratory of Mechanics of Materials
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Practice Cementation Strain
Gauge
6 PARTICIPATION
NAME
ID STUDENT
LAB GROUP
INSTRUCTOR
OBJECTIVE
The student will know the operation and
application of strain gauges. Cement a
resistive strain gauge
FUNDAMENTS
The ever increasing demand for improvement
in the design of machines and structures led
to the development of various experimental
techniques to determine the stresses to
which they are subjected. These experimental
methods are used to check the theoretical
predictions and to assess efforts in situations
where they are very complicated
mathematical approximations
Strain gauges can be classified into four
classes according to their construction:
mechanical, optical, acoustic and electric.
Some features that are sought in the creation
of these devices are:
1. Being able to accurately measure the
efforts under static and dynamic conditions.
2. Small, light in weight and thickness of
negligible size, to allow its use in hard to
reach places.
3. insensitive to temperature changes,
vibration, humidity and other environmental
conditions.
4. Easy installation and operation.
Where:
R = resistance in ohms (Ω).
PRESENTATION 10%
60%
REPORT 20%
CONCLUSIONS 10%
TOTAL 100%
5. To provide a wide and linear signal in
response to deformation.
6. Adaptable to the observation and remote
registration.
7. High stability and negligible hysteresis.
8. Economic.
9. Insurance and exempt from aging and
fatigue failures
So far there has developed a device for
measuring forces with all the features that
are desired, but the electrical resistance
strain gauges are very close to meeting all
these requirements. This is the reason why
the device is most commonly used for stress
analysis as sensors or transducers designed
to measure force, torque, pressure and
acceleration.
The three basic aspects for the construction
and development of electrical resistance
gauges are
1. The resistance of a conductor of constant
section changes as a function of the
deformation.
2. Each conductive material has different
sensitivities.
3. It can very accurately measure the change
in resistance of a conductive element
The resistance of a uniform conductor section
is given by:
𝐿
R=ρ
𝐴
L = length of the conductor.
A = cross-sectional area of the conductor.
ρ = resistivity (material property depends on
the temperature)
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 Laboratory of Mechanics of Materials
Department of Mechanical Engineering

If a straight wire is stretched elastically,

increase the length and the cross section is
reduced by the Poisson effect. From equation
it shows that both effects are additive and
cause the resistance to increase, remain
constant resistivity. Sensitivity defining a strain gauge elongation
is called gauge factor (Sg), and is provided by
The term "elongation sensitivity" is used to the manufacturer
express the change of resistance of a
conductor in relation to the length change
that causes it i.e:

ΔR/R
Elongation sensitivity = SA =
ΔL/L

The sensitivity of a metallic conductor

elongation depends largely on the
characteristics of the particular alloy: cold
work, level of impurities in the alloy and over
the range of strain which is measured.

In summary, the strain gauges can measure

Since Poisson's ratio is about 0.3 for most of
the alloys used as drivers for gauges,
elongation sensitivity will be 1.6 when only
considered the aspect of dimensional changes
of the driver. This means that a resilient
0.1% increase in length will produce a 0.16
% increase in resistance
unit deformations through changes are
proportional to resistance. Normally they
placed on the free surface of the specimen to
measure the effort at that particular point. In
general it is necessary to measure three
strains at a point to fully define the fields of
effort and / or deformation.
The need to identify three quantities, for the
same point and at the same time, led to the
design and construction of the strain gauge
rosettes. The rosettes are arrays of three
gauges that are mounted simultaneously on a
point of the material surface.

WRITE BEHIND OR ADD PAGES FOR THE FOLLOW:

1.- DESCRIBE THE CEMENTATION 2.- CONCLUSION (WHY IS IMPORTANT

PROCESS TO KNOW THE USE OF THE STRAIN
GAUGES?)

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