LEVEL OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 12 HUMSS STUDENTS OF A

PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN CENTRAL NEGROS

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Rationale
In order to live, one of the most important thing a human must have is education.
It is a unyielding process by which society purposely share its collected knowledge,
skills and values from one another (Ramana, 2012). Others believe that education is the
key to success that can give people a better picture and is a basis of one’s occupation
he wanted to have in the future. Education plays a major role in society because it
improves and strengthens a nation. In the words of Dr. Radhakrishnan, “The true goal of
education is to cultivate in the body and in the soul all the beauty and all the excellence
of which they are proficient “. (Ramana, 2012)
Students have several factors that affects the level of academic performance. Ali
et al. (2013) lists several factors such as “gender, age, teaching faculty, students
schooling, parents, social economic status, residential area of students, medium of
instructions in schools, tuition trend, daily study hour and accommodation as hostelries
or day scholar. Numerous researchers conducted detailed studies about the factors
affecting students’ academic performance.” Farooq et al. (2011) concluded that socio-
economic statuses and parent’s education have a significant effect on student’s
academic status. Sakirudeen and Sanni (2017) found out that there is a significant
relationship between note taking, students’ use of library, time allocation for study, and
students’ academic performance.
The relationship between gender and the academic achievement of students has
been discussed for decades (Eitle, 2005). A gap between the achievement of boys and
girls has been found, with girls showing better performance than boys in certain
instances (Chambers & Schreiber, 2007). Gender, ethnicity, and father’s occupation are
significant contributors to student achievement (Peng & Hill, 1995).
Socioeconomic status is one of the most researched and debated factor among
educational professionals that contribute towards the academic performance of
students. The most prevalent argument is that the socioeconomic status of learners
affects the quality of their academic performance. Most of the experts argue that the low
socioeconomic status has negative effect on the academic performance of students
because the basic needs of students remain unfulfilled and hence they do not perform
better academically (Adams, 1996)
Krashen (2005) concluded that students whose parents are educated score
higher on standardized tests than those whose parents were not educated. Educated
parents can better communicate with their children regarding the school work, activities
and the information being taught at school. They can better assist their children in their
work and participate at school (Trusty, 1999).
Although the results may be valid, other studies suggest to conduct the study at
other locales as well.
Based on the aforementioned studies, the researchers of this study were
interested to explore the factors that affect to the academic performances of HUMSS
students from a Catholic Educational Institution in Central Negros. The researchers aim
to consider the independent factors like gender and section.

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study is to determine the level of academic performance of
HUMSS students.
Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:
• What is the level of academic performance of HUMSS students when
categorized according to:
• Section
• Sex
• Is there a significant difference on the level of academic performance of HUMSS
students when categorized according to:
• Section
• Sex
• Which of the following factors affect the level of academic performance of
HUMSS student the most?
• Socio-economic status
• Study habits
• Home environment
• Genes

Hypotheses
• There is no significant difference on the level of academic performance of
HUMSS students when categorized according to:
• Section
• Sex
Scope and Limitation
The study quantitative research study aims to determine the level of academic
performance of HUMSS students of a private education institutionl. The study will be
conducted in Bacolod City, Philippines during the 1 st semester of the Academic Year
2019-2020. The researchers will utilize the Descriptive Survey Research design and
survey questionnaire will be the primary instrument for gathering data.

Theoretical Framework
Multiple studies have concluded several factors that affect academic performance
of a student. Ali et al. (2013) lists several factors such as “gender, age, teaching faculty,
students schooling, parents, social economic status, residential area of students, medium
of instructions in schools, tuition trend, daily study hour and accommodation as hostelries
or day scholar.”
Gender. Islam & Khan (2017) found out no significant difference between male
and female students in their Academic Achievement.
Socioeconomic status. Farooq et al. (2011) concluded that socio-economic
statuses and parent’s education have a substantial influence on student’s academic
status. Moreover, Dahie, Mohamed, & Moalim, (2016) focused on three factors (parents’
education, parents’ occupation and parents’ income) that have a significant positive
influence on students’ academic performance.
Krashen (2005) relates that students who are living in poverty show high
performance rates. Contrariwise, the study conducted by Islam & Khan (2017) showed
that there is a significance difference among different socioeconomic groups in their
academic performance. High SES students scored high and low SES students scored
low while middle SES students had a moderate performance. Bhat, Joshi, & Wani (2016);
Faaz & Khan (2017); and Saifiti & Mehmood (2011) also came into this conclusion.
Study habits. Sakirudeen and Sanni (2017) found out that note taking, students’
use of library, study time affects students’ academic performance.
Home environment. Results concluded by Malecki & Demaray (2006) shows that
it “depends” on whether social support affects academic performance of students,
whether those students are economically disadvantaged or not.
Conceptual Framework
 INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Grade 12 HUMSS Level of Academic

Performance
• a. Section
• b. Sex • a. Socioeconomic status
• b. Study habits
• c. Home environment
• d. Genes
 CHAPTER 2
METHODOLOGY

Research Design
The study will be using the descriptive research design that will seek to
accumulate data from the answers in the conducted survey to Grade 12 HUMSS
students of a Catholic Institution in Central Negros.

Research Locale
The study will be conducted in Central Negros, Philippines.

Respondents

Population and Sampling