EDUCATION

True education is beyond earning degrees it is more than bookish knowledge. Education means
inculcating moral values, positive thinking, attitude of helping, attitude of giving to society and
ethical values these kind of students are only able to bring changes in society.

1. Cloud Computing (12 Months or Less)

In 2011, cloud computing was listed in the 12-month-or-less category of the report, primarily
because of the way it had become an essential part of collaboration in both schools and the
workplace. This year, the placement of cloud computing on the near-term horizon for a second
time underscores the fact that the impact of this technology continues to unfold in new and
expanding ways.

2. Mobile Learning (12 Months or Less)

By the end of this year, the mobile market is expected to consist of over 7 billion accounts
(equating to about 3.4 billion users, or one in every two people on the planet); mobile traffic on
the Internet is expected to surpass desktop traffic; and mobile users will have downloaded 70
billion apps across smartphones and tablets. Educational apps are the second-most downloaded
in iTunes of all categories, surpassing both entertainment and business apps in popularity.
3. Tablet Computing (12 Months or Less)
It is so easy for students to carry tablets from class to class, using them to seamlessly access
textbook and other course material as needed, that schools and universities are rethinking the
need for computer labs or even personal laptops. A student’s choice of apps makes it easy to
build a personalized learning environment, with all the resources and tools they need on a single
device. With their growing number of features, tablets give traction to other educational
technologies— from facilitating the real-time data mining needed to support learning analytics to
offering a plethora of game-based learning apps.

4. MOOCs (12 Months or Less)

A number of respected thought leaders believe that the current MOOC model has deviated
significantly from the initial premise outlined by George Siemens and Stephen Downes in 2008,
emphasizing lecture over connectivity, but either way, educators across the globe are doing some
amazing things with MOOCs. The hope is that they will eventually strike a balance between
automating the assessment process while delivering personalized, authentic learning
opportunities.

5. Open Content (2-3 Years)

While open content has been available for a long time, the topic has received increased attention
in recent years. The use of open content promotes a skill set that is critical in maintaining
currency in any area of study—the ability to find, evaluate, and put new information to use. The
same cannot be said for many textbooks, which can be cumbersome, slow to update, and
particularly costly for K-12 schools. More educators are tapping into the wealth of content within
open repositories and familiarizing themselves with the Creative Commons protocol.
 SOCIETY

Society can be defined as a group of people, who share a common economic, social and
industrial infrastructure. Society is an organization of people who share a common cultural and
social background. ... A society is intangible; it .is a process rather than a thing, motion rather
than structure.

1. NORMS

Norms are shared expectation for behavior. This helps people to get along without
making too many formal rules that become oppresiveand and high maintenance.

2. LAWS AND REGULATIONS

Laws and regulation designed such that the actions of individuals or firms not violate the
rights of others or threaten the quality of quality of life of society as a whole. For
example, firms that are prohibited for creating certain types of economic bads that harm
the health of people and the environment.

3. CIVILITY

Civility is respect for people and the established conventions of society. This implies that
you have good will towards others in society and attempt to use the systems established
by society to resolve differences in a well-mannered way.

4. RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS

Rights and freedoms are foundational principles established by a society to guide the
formation of laws and regulations. Laws may be designed to prevent one person from
infringing the rights of another. Right and Freedoms also limit the scope of the law such
that society can’t over-regulate every aspect of life such to damage economic opportunity
and the pursuit of happiness in order to satisfy the most boring members of society who
want to prohibit everything.

5. FAMILY

Family is a basic unit of society. Families resemble a small scale society and culture with
their own internal norms and traditions. Society places expectation on families of
example, the expectation or requirement that children attend school until a predefined
age.
 ECONOMY

The system of how money is made and used within a particular country or region. A
region's economy is connected with things like how many goods and services are
produced and how much money people can spend on these things.

1. Scarcity
You implicitly understand scarcity, whether you are aware of it or not. It is the most basic
concept in economics, and it is more of a solid fact than any abstraction. Simply put, the world
has limited means to meet unlimited wants, so there is always a choice to be made.

For example, there is only so much wheat grown every year. Some people want bread; some
people want cereal; some people want beer, and so on. Only so much of any one product can
be made because of the scarcity of wheat. How do we decide how much flour should be made for
bread? Or cereal? Or beer? One answer is a market system.

2. Supply and Demand

The market system is driven by supply and demand. Take beer again. Let's say people want more
beer, meaning the demand for beer is high. This demand means you can charge more for beer, so
you can make more money on average by changing wheat into beer than grinding that same
wheat into flour. More people start making beer and, after a few production cycles, there is so
much beer on the market that prices plummet. Meanwhile, the price of flour has been increasing
as the supply shrinks, so more producers buy up wheat for the purpose of making flour – and on
and on.

3. Costs and Benefits

The concept of costs and benefits encompasses a large area of economics that has to do
with rational expectations and rational choices. In any situation, people are likely to make the
choice that has the most benefit to them, with the least cost – or, to put it another way, the choice
that provides more in benefits than in costs.

Going back to beer: If demand is high, the breweries of the world will hire more employees to
make more beer, but only if the price of beer and the sales volume justify the additional costs to
the payroll and the materials needed to brew more. Similarly, the consumer will buy the best beer
he or she can afford – not, perhaps, the best-tasting beer in the store.

4. Everything Is in the Incentives

Incentives are part of costs and benefits and rational expectations, but they are so important that
they are worth further examination. Incentives make the world go round, and sometimes go
wrong. If you are a parent, a boss, a teacher or anyone with the responsibility of oversight, and
your situation goes horribly awry, the chances are very good that your incentives are out of
alignment with what you want to achieve.
 POLITICS

politics is the activities involved in running a governmental entity or state. The politics
definition may seem broad but this is because politics itself is broad. ... The origin of the
word “politics” comes from Greek, and means “affairs of the city”.

1. Democracy
We often hear the United States referred to as a democracy. Indeed, many refer to the
U.S. as a representative democracy. A democracy in a more traditional sense is a political
system that allows for each individual to participate. There are two rather popular types
of democracy:

2. Republic
In theory, a republic is a political system in which the government remains mostly subject
to those governed. Some scholars define any political system in which the citizens
legitimize the government. As such, some (including Montesquieu) consider the U.S. a
republic. Indeed, there are those that believe that any form of government that is not
based on heritage or authoritarian governance. In some cases, a representative democracy
(or any form of democracy) might be considered a republic. Some of the types of
republics that you might see include:
3. Monarchy
When most of us think of a monarchy, we think of the political systems of medieval
European countries. In a monarchy, a ruler is not usually chosen by the voice of the
people or their representatives. Often a monarch is the head of state until he or she
abdicates or until death. In many cases a monarch is the final word in government. There
may be functionaries to make decisions and run the political system, but the monarch has
discretion with the laws, and how they are enforced.
4. Communism
In most cases, a communist state is based on the ideology of communism as taught
by Marx and/or Lenin. However, some argue that these political systems are not true to
the ideals espoused by these revolutionary thinkers. Communist states are often
dominated by a single party, or a group of people. A planned economy is often part of the
governing class, and in many cases resources are taken and then redistributed to others, at
the top of the system. Sometimes communists call themselves “workers’ states” or
“socialist,” but there are very real differences in their operation. In a lot of cases, citizens
are required to do certain jobs, or have some of their life decisions — especially
concerning where they can live and what jobs they can do. Communism is often
considered an authoritarian political system.
5. Dictatorship
Another authoritarian form of government is the dictatorship. Normally, a dictator is the
main individual ruling the country. While there are lackeys and others who work for the
dictator, he or she makes most of the decisions, and usually has enforcers. In some cases,
the political system is run by a small group of people. Dictators are not restricted by
constitutions or parliaments. The governed are usually not consented in any way.
Elections held are usually affairs in which the dictator is the only candidate.