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A History of Badminton

A badminton-like game was known in ancient Greece and Egypt - a game called battledore and
shuttlecock - in which two players hit a feathered shuttlecock back and forth with tiny rackets.

The game was played in India during the 18th Century, at which time it was called "Poona" . In the 1860s
it was adopted by British Army officers stationed in India. The officers took the game back to England,
where it became a success at a party given by the Duke of Beaufort in 1873 at his estate called
"Badminton" in Gloucestershire.

A variation of Badminton which has been developed only recently, Speed Badminton or Speedminton, is
played without a net, and is gaining popularity, especially in Germany

Badminton

is a racquet sport played using racquets to hi a shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with
larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and
"doubles" (with two players per side). Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in a yard or
on a beach; formal games are played on a rectangular indoor court. Points are scored by striking the
shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing side's half of the court

Origins and History of BadmintonFacts and Information About the Game

The origins of the game of badminton date back at least 2,000 years to the game of battledore and
shuttlecock played in ancient Greece, China, and India.

A very long history for one of the Olympics newest sports! Badminton took its name from Badminton
House in Gloucestershire, the ancestral home of the Duke of Beaufort, where the sport was played in
the last century. Gloucestershire is now the base for the International Badminton Federation.
The IBF was formed in 1934 with nine members: Canada, Denmark, France, Netherlands, England, New
Zealand, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The United States joined four years later. Membership increased
steadily over the next few years with a surge in new members after the Olympic Games debut at
Barcelona.

The first big IBF tournament was the Thomas Cup (men’s world team championships) in 1948. Since
then, the number of world events has increased to seven, with the addition of the Uber Cup (ladies’
team), World Championships, Sudirman Cup (mixed team), World Juniors, World Grand Prix Finals, and
the World Cup.

The World Cup invitational event started in 1981 and is organized by the International Management
Group (IMG). The World Cup series is due to end in 1997, and the IBF is considering organizing exhibition
matches featuring the world’s top players to replace the World Cup.

For the recent Thomas and Uber Cups in Hong Kong, the sale of commercial and television rights was a
multimillion dollar contract. And it’s not just in Asia. In Europe also, there’s a growing number of
companies bidding for rights. Television companies worldwide are already buying exclusive rights to the
1997 World Championships to be held in Glasgow, Scotland.

A turning point in badminton’s growth was the $20 million tripartite contract in 1994 for sponsorship of
the World Grand Prix Finals. Under the terms of the deal between the IBF, IMG, and STAR TV, STAR
injects the monies into the promotion and development of badminton. In return, STAR gains total
exclusivity for the exploitation of the commercial and television rights to the WGP Finals. “The deal was
good for both main parties,” said David Shaw, IBF’s executive director, who was brought into the
organization with a brief to grow the sport. “We needed a strong partner in television, and the
broadcaster had identified badminton as a vehicle which would attract audiences across Asia to its
prime sports channel.”

The next phase in the rise and rise of international badminton has been to retake the USA. The U.S. was
an early member of the IBF and initially one of the most successful. When the Uber Cup was introduced
in 1956, Americans won the first three events. But then interest waned.

Badminton is a well liked and familiar sport in the USA but, predominantly, is usually played as a fun
game in the backyard or on the beach. We know that once Americans see the other badminton—
international badminton, the world’s fastest racket sport—they will want to see and play more. The
Atlanta Olympics started to raise the sport’s profile in the U.S. The event was a sell-out and became one
of the “must-see” sports. Ex-President Jimmy Carter, Chelsea Clinton, Paul Newman, and Princess Anne
were among the celebrities who came to watch. David Broder of the Washington Post reported “seeing
one of the supreme athletic spectacles of my life.”

The year 1996 was a landmark in USA badminton. It’s not only the Atlanta Olympic Games that started
to generate tremendous interest in the U.S. market. In December 1995, the IBF introduced a new
concept tournament in California, the Hong Ta Shan Cup, a men’s invitation tournament with the best
players and big prize money. There are now plans to add a women’s event and to increase the prize
money. The Hong Ta Shan Group has gone on to sponsor the U.S. Open, increasing the prize money to
$200,000. This makes the event the most valuable World Grand Prix event in the series and gives it six-
star status.

The degree of change is increasing. Badminton’s debut as an Olympic Games sport has manifestly
boosted interest internationally. The STAR TV agreement has increased the sport’s coverage
dramatically. Sponsors and television companies are being attracted to a sport which gives them access
to the Asian economies. And spectators are increasingly attracted to the exciting mix of angles, tactics,
touch, reaction, and fitness that would exhaust a squash champion

Badminton Equipment & Facilities

Different versions of badminton have been played for centuries, but it was the game of "Poona" in India
that was the basis for the game of badminton we play today. In the 1860's a group of stationed British
army officers learned the game and took it back with them from India. The game grew in popularity until
1895 when the Badminton Association of England was formed, along with the rules of game play that
are used around the world even today. In order to play this form of badminton, certain equipment and
facilities are needed.

Racket

The badminton racket is one of the most important tools a player has in the game. Badminton rackets
are much lighter than most other sports rackets because they are made from materials such as carbon
fiber or lighter metals such as aluminum. Parts of the racket include the head, throat, shaft and handle
with a maximum length of 27.77 inches and a width of 9 inches. It Strings that are stretched across the
opening of the racket in a checkerboard pattern, which acts as the hitting surface. Badminton rackets
can vary widely in cost depending on whether they are purchased as part of a basic backyard set or as
more expensive professional models.
Shuttlecock

The badminton shuttlecock, also referred to as a shuttle or birdie, acts similarly to a ball in other racket
sports. However, the design of the birdie creates more drag as it is propelled through the air due to its
feathered shape. The shuttlecock is made up of a cone shape with a hard cork at its tip. Shuttlecocks can
be made from a variety of materials -- more expensive models are actually made from feathers, and less
expensive models are made from plastic feathers. The shuttle has 16 feathers attached to the base and
the length of the feathers range between 2.44 and 2.75 inches.

Net

A mesh net divides the badminton court into two sides. A badminton net is placed lower than a
volleyball net at five feet and one inch high on the sides and five feet high in the center. The length may
vary depending on whether doubles or singles are playing, with singles reaching 17 feet and doubles
reaching 22 feet. The net is 30 inches wide with a 3-inch white tape doubled over the top.

Facilities

The badminton court should be 44 feet long by 22 feet wide if playing doubles, and 44 feet long by 17
feet wide for singles. If the facility is indoors, there needs to be enough height for the shuttlecock to be
able to float across the net without hitting the ceiling. This height will vary depending on the strength of
the players

Basic Rules of Badminton

A game can take place with either two (singles) or four (doubles) players.

An official match has to be played indoors on the proper court dimensions.

The dimensions are 6.1m by 13.4m,

The net is situated through the middle of the court and is set at 1.55m.
To score a point the shuttlecock must hit within the parameters of the opponents court.

If the shuttlecock hits the net or lands out then a point is awarded to your opponent.

Players must serve diagonally across the net to their opponent.

As points are won then serving stations move from one side to the other.

There are no second serves so if your first serve goes out then your opponent wins the point.

A serve must be hit underarm and below the servers waist.

No overarm serves are allowed.

Each game will start with a toss to determine which player will serve first and which side of the court the
opponent would like to start from.

Once the shuttlecock is ‘live’ then a player may move around the court as they wish.

They are permitted to hit the shuttlecock from out of the playing area.

If a player touches the net with any part of their body or racket then it is deemed a fault and their
opponent receives the point.

A fault is also called if a player deliberately distracts their opponent, the shuttlecock is caught in the
racket then flung, the shuttlecock is hit twice or if the player continues to infract with the laws of
badminton.

Each game is umpired by a referee on a high chair who overlooks the game. There are also line judges
who monitor if the shuttlecock lands in or not.
The referee has overriding calls on infringements and faults.

Let may be called by the referee if an unforeseen or accidental circumstance arose.

These may include the shuttlecock getting stuck in the bet, server serving out of turn, one player was
not ready or a decision which is too close to call.

The game has only two rest periods coming the form of a 90 second rest after the first game and a 5
minute rest period after the second game.

If the laws are continuously broken by a player then the referee holds the power to dock that player of
points with persisting fouls receiving a forfeit of the set or even the match

Basic Skills of Badminton

1. The Ready Stance

Always having the right stance when playing makes it a lot easier to minimize the movements you need
to make to hit a shot. The ready stance done by putting your non-racquet leg a step forward and about
shoulder width away from your racquet leg. Slightly bend both knees with your weight balanced
between both legs. Slightly bend forward from the hip, keeping your back straight, and lift your racquet
up with your racquet-hand in front of you slightly above your shoulder and the head of the racquet to be
right above your forehead. Raise your non-racquet arm to help improve your balance.

2. Forehand and Backhand Grip

Badminton Forehand

Having the right grip is crucial in helping new players control their shots better and protects from
possible injury from putting too much pressure on the wrist. The simplest way to grip your badminton
racquet is by imitating a handshake. Your thumb should press against the handle while the rest of your
hand and four fingers wrap around the racquet. This handshake should be a friendly one. Don’t grip too
tightly because you need to retain flexibility in your wrist. It is recommended that you opt to put a wrap
around your grip to make it more comfortable and less slippery.

This grip applies to both forehand and backhand grips used for both forehand and backhand shots. The
variations lie in that for the forehand grip, it’s better to fold your thumb a bit and let your index finger
control the racquet on the stroke, while for the backhand grip, the thumb pressing against the racquet
will control the stroke. Having a loose grip and being able to quickly switch between grips is an advanced
skill that allows pros to shift from forehand to backhand easily.

3. Footwork

Footwork is basic badminton skill that a lot of new players often overlook. But having the right footwork
makes the game so much easier as it allows you to cover more ground around the court while using less
time and energy. Lateral steps are the best way to move around the badminton court as it allows you to
cover a lot of ground and change direction fast, while putting less strain on your knees. By practicing the
right footwork, you’ll feel that it is easier to recover to hit shuttles that are flying towards the other side
of the court. Some basic drills to improve your lateral movement can be very effective in helping train
yourself to move around the court better.

4. Strokes

badminton Strokes

There are 4 basic strokes that every beginner needs to learn. By knowing these, beginners can create
good badminton stroke habits, which they can use in the future for more advanced shots like drops,
smashes and drives. These are:

Overhead Forehand – this is the most common stroke and most beginners are very more comfortable
using this especially for stronger strokes. Make sure to have a forehand grip, lift your racket arm up with
the racket slightly above your head, and tilt your body to the side of your racket arm with your racket
arm behind you. Widen your chest and use your non-racket hand to point at the shuttlecock to aim.
Straighten out your racket arm then swing it towards the shuttle in a downward motion while slightly
rotating your waist towards the front. Swing the racket until it’s pointing slightly downwards.
Overhead Backhand- the overhead backhand is slightly more difficult for beginners as you’ll have to face
your body backward to use this effectively. This is a slightly advanced shot that is hard to master at first
but doing so will set good foundations to how you play badminton. To start, turn your body to the back
in the direction of your non-racket arm, with your racket arm raised in front of you and pointing towards
the back. Keep your racket-arm close to your body, bent such that your elbow is pointing down. As the
shuttle approaches above your head level, slightly tilt your arm downward to gain momentum then
swing up and flick your wrist upward until the racket is pointing up and your arm is straightened out.
Remember to immediately go back to your ready stance once you’ve hit the shot.

Underarm Forehand– the underarm forehand allows you to hit low shots with a lot of strength, but it is
quite challenging to aim at first. To do this, from your ready stance, lunge forward with your racket-leg
and keep your racket arm slightly bent with the top of the racket’s head slightly below shoulder level.
Straighten your arm out to make the racket tilt backwards then flick your wrist, followed by your arm, to
swing forward when hitting the shuttle. Bend your body forward slightly to keep your balance.

Underarm Backhand– the underarm backhand is actually easier to do than the overhead counterpart
since you won’t need to turn backwards. Lunging towards your backhand area, Bend your racket arm
downward with the racket handle parallel to the floor and the racket head parallel to your body. Flick
your wrist upward, followed by your arm until your arm is extended straight and aligned with your
shoulder.

5. Underarm Backhand Serve

Underarm Backhand Serve

The underarm backhand serve is the most basic badminton serve that you can practice as a beginner
because it gives you easier control in terms of how strong you’ll hit the shuttle and where you will make
the shuttle go in terms of height or placement on the court. By learning how to utilize this serve, you can
already start to strategize where you place your serve depending on your opponent. To start, have a
ready stance with your backhand leg slightly forward with both feet pointing forward. Lift your racket up
to so it is parallel to the floor, with the head parallel to the net and aligned with your shoulder. Using
your non-racket hand, hold the shuttle cock by the feather about 5-6 inches in front of the center of the
racket’s face. Bend the wrist of your racket hand downward to generate momentum and flick upwards
with varying strength depending on how far or how high you want the shuttle cock to travel. Try to play
around with how strong you hit the shuttle and how high you follow through. Try to aim for different
spots in the court with this serve and you’ll immediately have the upper hand against your opponents

Official and Officiating of Badminton


The officials are the judges responsible to ensure a fair badminton game is being played.They consists
of:

Umpire:

The ‘main judge’ for the particular badminton game. He/she has the power to overrule any decisions
made by the service judge or line judges. The umpire is the person ensuring that the badminton game is
run smoothly and prevent any players from delaying the game play.

Whenever a player requests to change the shuttle, the umpire will need to approve that the change
could be made.

The umpire also looks out for faults committed around the net area such as whether a player touched
the net when returning the shuttle.

Besides, the umpire is responsible to make a ‘fault’ call when the shuttle touches the player or the
players’ attires except for the badminton racket. In badminton, it will be a fault/foul to a player if the
shuttle touches any part of that player’s body or attire.

Service Judge:

The service judge is responsible in making a ‘service fault’ call and to provide shuttles to the players.

Line Judges:

Line judges sit beside the badminton court (right in front of every in/out lines) to determine whether
the shuttle is inside or outside the boundaries of the court.

Their calls are usually very subjective and are often controversial

Badminton Competition Format


Format

Six medal events are contested in Badminton including five individual events: Singles and Doubles for
both men and women, Mixed Doubles and a Mixed Team Event. The Team Event is completed before
the individual events commence.

Each country can enter a maximum of five men and five women.

Home Commonwealth Games Sports In The Games Badminton Badminton Competition Format

Mixed Team Event

A team consists of a minimum of two men and two women and a maximum of five men and five
women. With the larger teams, substitutions and changes to the selection of players for ties during the
tournament are allowed.

The Team Event is conducted in two stages: a round-robin group stage followed by a knockout phase
(quarter-finals, semi-finals, a bronze medal final and a gold medal final). The event will comprise of 16
team slots allocated in accordance with BWF World Rankings. Teams are divided in the group stage of
the competition into four groups of four teams. All teams in the designated group play each other to
establish a final ranking order, based on the total number of matches won. The top two teams from
each group progress into the knockout stage, with a draw conducted to decide the quarter-final ties.

A tie consists of five matches: Men’s and Women’s Singles, Men’s and Women’s Doubles, and Mixed
Doubles. No player may play in more than two matches in a tie. A team must win three matches in a tie
to be successful. Each match is the best of three games.

Individual Events

The individual events are straight knockout competitions, with the number of rounds depending on the
number of entries, with options to have a round of 128, 64, 32 and 16 prior to quarter-finals, semi-finals,
a bronze medal final and a gold medal final. Each match is the best of three games.
The match order for the first round of individual events is determined by a competition draw and takes
into account event seedings based on BWF World Rankings.

Rules

Field of Play

The court is a 13.40m x 5.18m rectangle for singles and a 13.40m x 6.10m rectangle for doubles. The
same court is used for Singles and Doubles contests; only the line marks differ. The court is divided into
two equal parts by a net attached to the posts at a height of 1.55m.

The Contest

An umpire, aided by a service judge and line judges, presides over a Badminton contest. Before the
beginning of the contest, the umpire flips a coin. The winning athlete or pair can choose to serve or
receive first or choose its side of the court.

To score a point, athletes have to hit the shuttlecock over the net with their rackets so that it lands on
the opponent’s side. An athlete or pair loses the point if the shuttlecock hits the net, lands outside the
court or if he or she commits a fault. The most common faults occur when:

The shuttlecock hits the athleteThe athlete’s racket or body touches the netThe shuttlecock hits the
ground before passing over the netThe shuttlecock is hit twice.

Serving

Serves must be diagonalThe server’s feet must be touching the groundThe serve must be made from
below the waistPlayers change ends after each game and in the third game when a side first scores 11
pointsDuring service in doubles, the partners can take up any position on their respective courts which
do not unsight the opposing server or receiverDuring service in singles, the players serve from and
receive in their respective right service courts when the server has not scored or has scored an even
number of points in that game. Players serve from and receive in their respective left service courts
when the server has scored an odd number of points in that game.

Scoring

A match is the best of three games.The winner of each game is the first player(s) to reach 21, by two
clear points.At 20-all, the side which scores two consecutive points shall win that game.At 29-all, the
side scoring the 30th point shall win that game.A point is scored by winning a rally. Points are scored
regardless of who is serving and the side who wins the point serves the next point.The side winning a
game serves first in the next game.Equipment

Racket

A racket has the following parts: handle (known as the grip), shaft, throat and head, which is the
stringed area. It weighs between 85g and 100g. Its length and width must not exceed 68cm and 23cm
respectively.

Shuttlecock

The shuttlecock is made of a semi-spherical piece of cork coated with leather. On it are attached 16 real
goose feathers forming a cone. A shuttlecock must weigh between 4.74g and 5.5g.

Uniform

Badminton athletes wear shorts/skirts and short sleeved shirts and any combination of colours is
permissible. In doubles both players must wear the same clothing, which has their name and country on
the back of the shirts. Shoes are usually flat but there are no official standards or specifications.

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