Advanced Valve Solutions C

Advanced Valve Solutions, international company
30 employees
The Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the USA.
AVS characteristics:
Problem solvers, process engineering
Control valves / Valves / Custom made systems
Valve packages
Power, steam and water
Oil & Gas, subsea and production
INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Not a product, we provide a solution!

Manufacturers
HORA
PERSTA
ZWICK
MACOGA
STI

HORA
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
HORA manufactures engineered solutions,

special control valves, for water and steam cycle
designed for top performance

Control Valve Solutions
Every valve is different

• Designed for your application
• Water control valves for feed water, injection,
• Minimum flow, pump protection valves
• Steam control valves for pressure reduction and start up
• All types of steam coolers and attemperators
• De-super heater control valves (PRDS), HP and IP, TAL
Water Control Valve Solutions
HORA
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Control valves Desuperheaters PRDS Minimum flow valves

Fundamentals of
water and steam control valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

 Drain valves and condensate management  Hot reheat stop valves  Parts with a limited calculated number of cycles
 Cooled attemperators  Main steam stop valves  Drums, header
 TAL valves (Turbine Anlass Leitung)  Main steam stop check valves  Expansion bellows
 OTC control valves  All other frequent used valves
 Stop‐check valves
 Assemblies

Fundamentals of water control valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Cavitation

Fundamentals of steam control valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Bernoulli: ½ mv 2 + p + mgh = C
Or P2 = 0,547 P1
Every valve is different!
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Pressure balance
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Water Control Valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Standard LP-HP valves Feedwater control Drain- & blowdown valves OTC valves

Water Control Valves
Applications
Pressure and flow control valves for
water and steam applications:
Low pressure control valves

High pressure control valves
Fundamentals
Condensate valves
Control valves Dewatering valves
Injection control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Steam control Valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Sample: super‐heater blow off valve Sample: dearator reducing valve

Feed water control valves
Applications
30% feed water control valves
100% feed water control valves
Combi feed water control valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
M
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
fe e d w a t e r t a nk
M boile r
fe e d w a t e r pum p fe e d w a t e r cont r ol H D pr e - he a t e r

30% Feedwater valve
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

100% Feed Water Valve
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

OTC Level Control Valves for GT24/26
Application
Feedwater control valve for Once Through Coolers GE / Alstom GT 24/26 gasturbines
Fundamentals
Control valves
Compressor Combustion Turbine
Desuperheaters
chaimber
PRDS
Minimum Economizer
flow valves
OTC HRSG
Actuators
Steam Super heater
Turbine

Demands
180 100
160
80
140
120 60
Fundamentals
100
40
80
Control valves 60 20
Demands 40
Desuperheaters 0
 Wide control range 20
PRDS  Small dp in maximum case @ high flow 0 -20

4:19 4:33 4:48 5:02 5:16 5:31 5:45 6:00 6:14
Minimum  High dp for start up @ low flow Inlet Pressure [bar] Outlet pressure [bar] FDW Temp [°C] FDW Flow [kg/s] Valve Opening [%] Level [m]
flow valves
Actuators

OEM design
Current design
 Internal leakage
Fundamentals
 Seat trim damage due to
Control valves cavitation
Desuperheaters  Hammering during opening
PRDS  Sensible for particles
 Poor position control at low flow
Minimum
flow valves  Speed of response
Actuators
Stagered trims fail

OTC Control Valve Solutions
AVS/HORA design
5 stages controlled pressure reduction @ any stroke.
5 stages anti cavitation trim
5 parabolic stages less sensitive to particles
Fundamentals No internal leakage
No 30% valve needed
Control valves
Desuperheaters References
- Langage, 2x 450 MW CCGT
PRDS
- Rocksavage, 2x 260MW GT + 1x 280 MW ST
Minimum - Carrington, 2x 260MW GT + 1x 360 MW ST
flow valves - Grain, 3x 260MW GT + 495 MW ST
Actuators

Installed OTC valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Drain & Blowdown valves
Application
Blowdown valves
Dewatering valves main steam
Dewatering valves turbine
WDCV benson separator
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Dewatering troubles
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Enecogen Maasvlakte CCGT ESB Coolkeeragh Ltd. Sloecentrale CCGT
Actuators 260 MW GE 9FA+e GT 2 x 435 MW
2 x 435 MW
1” grade 91 piping 6” grade 91 piping 1” grade 91 piping
1” grade 91 valve

Separated seat and control seat
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
CLOSE STROKE FULLY OPEN

Plug on seat Seat protected Flow

Tight sealing seat and control seat
Fundamentals Tight sealing

Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS control seat
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Dead stroke

Drain Control Valve
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Bolted Bonnet, clamped seat

Advanced Valve Solutions design
 Clamped cartridge; easy maintenance
 Separated seat and control edge (dead stroke)
 Widening downstream to reduce velocities
 Angle-type construction
 Valve directly on flashtank
Fundamentals  Perforated discs to ensure counter pressure (optional)
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Motorized Drain Valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

PERSTA forged stop Valves
HD 2000
forged steel
globe valves
Standard with
ISO Mounting top
Handwheel Off
E-drive mounted
Valves with thermal compensation
Thermal effects
compensator spring
High pressure globe valves

Steam Attemperation Solutions
Ring type / different style attemperators type
Radial Spring-Loaded Multi-Nozzle Spray Type

Desuperheater Desuperheater
Fundamentals of desuperheating
Fundamentals
spray w a t er cont rol block
Control valves inle t va lve va lve
1) Small Water Droplets (Fine Atomization)
Desuperheaters
de supe r he a t e r nozzle a sse m bly
PRDS 2) Even distribution of droplets into steam
Minimum
flow valves
3) Injection at high velocity and turbulence
Actuators
point
4) High water temperature (low surface

tension)
By DP or steam attomizing

Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Energy transition Pressure differential

Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Pressure drop at the POINT of INJECTION is crucial

Desuperheaters
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum Multi nozzle Injection lance Steam assisted

flow valves
Actuators
Venturi cooler
Spring loaded

Desuperheaters / attemperators
Fundamentals
Interstage attemperator
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Final attemperator
Principle sketch of HRSG with attemperator positions

Multi Nozzle Desuperheater
for continuous operation
Applications:
Fundamentals  Superheater intermittent attemperators
 Superheater final attemperators
Control valves  Re-heat injection attemperators
Desuperheaters  Turbine extraction temperature control
 Condensor protection attemperators
PRDS
Minimum Custom made:

flow valves  Forged body 1-piece (F11, F22, F91)
 Multi stage pressure reduction
Actuators
 Seat outside of hot steam flow
 Flanged to EN or ASME
 Multi nozzle head
Nozzles opened one by one for optimal

atomizing.

Primary Attomizing
Droplet size
Animation Nozzle
d32 diameter = D[3,2] = SMD = Sauter mean
diameter
It is defined as the diameter of a sphere that has the
same volume/surface area ratio as a particle of
interest
d32=dv3 /ds2
Thermal Shock
due to discontinuous operations
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

High Cycle Attemperator
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Life time expactancy

Separate mast
This is an attemperator based on a patented design

without a screwed nozzle head. The nozzles are
integrated in the mast which is clamped in the valve body.

Cooled Attemperator
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Continuous steam cooled attemperator body

Cooled Attemperator
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Principle sketch of HRSG with cooled attemperator positions

Cooled Attemperator
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Spring loaded Desuperheater
Applications
Condenser dump cooling device
Properties
Fundamentals In different installation condenser dump valves are
identified. This are huge pressure reducing
Control valves desuperheating stations which are used to dump
hot reheat steam into the condenser. Remarkable
Desuperheaters
are the large pipe sizes normally used by these
PRDS
valves. Due to the high reheat temperatures these
valve are built with high temperature castings.
Minimum Forgings are used by design temperatures above
flow valves 600 degrees C.
Actuators Cooling
The injection of the cooling water is done by a set
of spring loaded nozzles. The different spring
settings makes it possible to open the nozzles one
by one or in groups. This still creates an effective
fine water haze which is mixed with the steam and
is cooling sufficient. Downstream the dump valves
normally dump tubes are used to create an equal
distribution of the steam into the condenser.

IP Desuperheater to condensor
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

IP Bypass
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Spring loaded nozzles
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Steam converting / PRDS
Static Desuperheaters
Applications
Processteam
Properties
Fundamentals Injection lance (left) has a single nozzle
arrangement. The nozzle is fed water from a
Control valves control valve, as part of the temperature control
loop. The range ability of such coolers is limited.
Desuperheaters
A venturi cooler (right) is used in smaller pipe
PRDS
sizes. Due to the venturi, the velocity and
turbulence will increase, which guarantees a
Minimum better cooling and better rangeability.
flow valves
Rangeability
Actuators 5:1
Water/steam ratio
≤ 15%

Steam Assisted Desuperheaters
Applications
Processteam
Properties
Fundamentals Through an on-off valve, a predetermined volume
of steam is fed to the cooler head. In a number of
Control valves channels the steam will expand critically.
The cooling water is injected at this point.
Desuperheaters
The steam “crashes” the water completely and
PRDS
will give a very fine atomatization. The range
ability of these coolers is high.
Minimum
flow valves Rangeability
15:1
Actuators
Water/steam ratio
> 25%

PRDS
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Nozzle injection Proportional injection Steam atomizer

Nozzle Injection
Applications
Steam converting for proces applications
Properties
This application is often used in case of smaller mass flows
Fundamentals and without too many fluctuations, as the water is injected
through a nozzle directly in the plug, the most turbulent part of
Control valves the valve. Combined with the high velocities, the evaporation
is very quick, and it is possible to inject about 15% cooling
Desuperheaters
water of the steam mass flow. The rangeability of this valve is
PRDS
limited, and the spray nozzle cannot be controlled.
Minimum Minimum steam velocity 10 m/s

flow valves
Minimum delta T to be cooled 5°C
Actuators
Minimum pressure drop steam 10 bar
Minimum pressure drop water 6 bar
Maximum injection water flow 15%
Steam rangeability 30:1
Water rangeability 3:1

Proportional Injection
Applications
Steam converting for proces applications
Properties
Proportional water injection is based on a perforated
Fundamentals plug and a stationary perforated pipe in the centre of
the plug. Opening the plug leads to the opening of an
Control valves equal area in the water injection tube. This is a correct
balance between steam reduction area and water
Desuperheaters
injection area. The water is injected with the correct
PRDS
pressure drop. It will form small droplets injected in the
most turbulent part of the valve, which will provide very
Minimum quick evaporation and cooling.
flow valves
Minimum steam velocity 10 m/s
Actuators

Proportional Injection
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Steam Atomizing Unit
Applications
Turbine bypass stations
TAL valve
Properties
De-super heater control valves fitted with a steam
Fundamentals atomizing unit are manufactured for extreme applications.
Throughout the whole range ability the atomizing steam is
Control valves giving the finest droplets. The kinetic energy of the little
Desuperheaters amount of critical expanding steam is being used for
atomization of the cooling water. As soon as the cooling
PRDS water gets in contact with the atomizing steam it is being
Minimum “pulverized”. This results in an optimal atomization. These
flow valves valves are being operational for heavy, extreme duty
applications which demands a precise and near to
Actuators
saturation temperature control such as turbine by-pass
valves.
Minimum steam velocity 10 m/s


Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

HP Bypass with Steam Atomizing Unit
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Pressure Seal, clamped trim

HP Bypass with Steam Atomizing Unit
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Bolted Bonnet, clamped trim

HP bypass,
main steam to cold reheat
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

TAL valve
Turbinen Anlass Leitung / Turbine start line
Main steam
Fundamentals
Control valves
Massflow through turbine low & uncontrollable
Desuperheaters
Slow heating up
PRDS Opening check valve undefined
Turbine needs flow, so possible
Minimum
temperature peaks in turbine (damage!)
flow valves
Actuators
Cold reheat

TAL valve
Benefits: 120
 Controllable massflow
through turbine
100
Fundamentals  Quicker connection to the grid
 Prevent temperature peaks
Control valves
in turbine due to undefined 80
Desuperheaters opening check valve
TEMPERATURE
PRDS 60
Minimum
flow valves 40
Actuators
20
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
TIJD
real allowable ideal

TAL valve
Turbinen Anlass Leitung / Turbine start line
Main steam
Pressurize turbine & control flow to turbine with inlet valve
Fundamentals
Control valves
Open TAL to control warming up turbine
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Cold reheat
CONDENSOR

IP bypass, hot reheat to condensor
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Pump Protection
Fe e dw a t e r
Fundamentals
M cont r ol va lve
Control valves
To boile r
Desuperheaters Flow m e a sur e m e nt
PRDS M inim um flow

cont r ol va lve
Minimum
cont r olle r
flow valves
Actuators
Fe e dw a t e r t a nk

Minimum Flow Valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
Low pressure (delta P 40bar) High pressure (delta P 200bar) Motor operated min. flow valve

Minimum Flow Valves
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

Pneumatic Actuator
Fundamentals
Control valves
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators
TRD 421 / EN 15812 and 12952

Yoke Electric Actuator
AVS/HORA design
 Spindle nut
 Thermal compensation spring
Fundamentals  Bearings
 Spindle
Control valves  Coupling
Desuperheaters
PRDS
Minimum
flow valves
Actuators

PERSTA
Forging vs
casting
Materials
Globe valves
Gate valves
Stop-check
valves
PERSTA is a market leader in the manufacture
of high performance, forged steel isolating valves

Stop‐Check Valve
DN 80 – 200
Up to 425 bar
Up to 650°C
Material / EN &. ASME Standard

1.0460-A105, 1.5415, 1.7335-A182-F12, 1.7383-182-F22
1.4903-A182-F91, 1.4901-A182-F92
Applications
High temperature steam and water, refining (catalic reformers
Forging vs and hydrocrackers), petrochemical and chemical industries.
casting
Benefits
Materials  Less pressure drop, more efficient
 One valve
Globe valves  Two welding seams in pipeline
 Space and weights savings
Gate valves  Less insulation time and effort
 Less maintenance and inspection req.
Stop-check
valves

Stop‐Check Valve
Forging vs
casting
Materials
Globe valves
Gate valves
Stop-check
valves

Stop‐Check Valve
Forging vs
casting
Materials
Globe valves
Gate valves
Stop-check
valves

Flow pattern Y type stop ‐ check valve
HP stop check valve 14”
Y type Globe valve PERSTA gate / check valve
• Pressure: 105 bar • Pressure: 105 bar
• Temperature: 537 grC • Temperature: 537 grC
• Mass flow: 73 kg/sec • Mass flow: 73 kg/sec
• CV value: 2260 • CV value: 3875
• K value: 2.0 • K value: 0.48
• Pressure drop: 0.603 bar • Pressure drop: 0.204 bar
• Los: 0.15 MW • Los: 0.05 MW
At 6000 h/year and £ 31/MW, cost saving £ 19.009

IP hot reheat stop check 24”
Y type Globe valve PERSTA gate / check valve
• Pressure: 27.2 bar • Pressure: 27.2 bar
• Temperature: 540 grC • Temperature: 540 grC
• Mass flow: 91 kg/sec • Mass flow: 91 kg/sec
• CV value: 7560 • CV value: 13.500
• K value: 2.0 • K value: 0.78
• Pressure drop: 0.345 bar • Pressure drop: 0.107 bar
• Los: 0.391 MW • Los: 0.109 MW
At 6000 h/year and £ 31/MW, cost saving £ 52.470

Advanced Valve Solutions C

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Advanced Valve Solutions, international company

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

HORA manufactures engineered solutions,

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Every valve is different

Control valves Desuperheaters PRDS Minimum flow valves

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Low pressure control valves

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Sample: super‐heater blow off valve Sample: dearator reducing valve

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

PRDS  Small dp in maximum case @ high flow 0 -20

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Stagered trims fail

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

CLOSE STROKE FULLY OPEN

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Fundamentals Tight sealing

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Bolted Bonnet, clamped seat

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

High pressure globe valves

Radial Spring-Loaded Multi-Nozzle Spray Type

4) High water temperature (low surface

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Energy transition Pressure differential

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Pressure drop at the POINT of INJECTION is crucial

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Minimum Multi nozzle Injection lance Steam assisted

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Principle sketch of HRSG with attemperator positions

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Minimum Custom made:

Nozzles opened one by one for optimal

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Life time expactancy

This is an attemperator based on a patented design

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

Continuous steam cooled attemperator body

Principle sketch of HRSG with cooled attemperator positions

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI

INTRO. HORA PERSTA ZWICK. MACOGA. STI