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MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila

CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City


Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)
PREBOARD EXAMINATION 3: GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING AND HYDRAULICS (SET A)

INSTRUCTION: Select the best answer to each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading
the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use
pencil no. 2 only. DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON THIS PAPER. DO NOT FOLD OR MUTILATE.

1. A cohesive soil deposit is considered soft if the 13. A ship having a displacement of 20 000 metric tons
unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between enters a harbor of fresh water. The ship captain
a. 6 to 24 c. 48 to 96 recorded a draft of 8.4 m while the ship was still in
b. 96 to 192 d. 24 to 48 seawater (specific water = 1.03). Obtain the draft, in
meters, of the ship in fresh water if the horizontal
2. A fireman has to put out a fire but is blocked by a section of the ship below the waterline is 3000 m 2 in
fire wall. To reach over the wall, he directed the water both instances.
jet from the nozzle at an angle of 30 deg to the a. 8.75 b. 7.78 c. 9.54 d. 8.59
horizontal. Evaluate the velocity of the water, in
meters/sec, leaving the nozzle of his hose to reach over 14. A pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in
the wall if the stands 30 meters away from the wall and motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly
the wall is standing 2 m higher than the nozzle of the (momentum change) is referred to in hydraulics as
hose, Neglect friction in the jet. a. potential head c. hydraulic jump
a. 16.8 b. 20.6 c. 18.2 d. 19.6 b. water hammer d. hydrodynamics

3. A line joining the points of highest elevation of 15. Evaluate the resisting capacity against axial load
water in a series of vertical open pipes rising from a due to skin friction of a wooden pile embedded into a
pipeline in which water flows under pressure is referred layer plastic clay, in kN, given the following
to as conditions:
a. hydraulic loss c. hydraulic gradient Size of pile: 0.3 m square
b. hydraulic jump d. hydraulic head Depth of penetration into the clay layer: 10m
Unconfined compression strength qu of the clay: 110kPa
4. In a triaxial shear test of a cohesionless soil, a. 1010 b. 1320 c. 505 d. 660
the soil cylinder was subjected to a liquid pressure of
16 kpa inside the chamber. It was observed that failure 16. The permeameter in a falling head permeability test
of the sample in shear occurred when the axial setup involves a cylinder soil sample 50 mm in diameter
compressive stress reached 40 kPa. The angle of internal and a height 200 mm. The hydraulic head in the 10-mm
friction in degrees is nearest to diameter standpipe through which test water passed
a. 27.4 b. 29.1 c. 26.8 d. 25.4 dropped from 900 to 600 mm in one minute of observation.
In that duration, the water collected in the graduate
5. A barge weighing 350 kN when empty, is 6 m wide, 15 was recorded at 1.5 liters. Evaluate the coefficient of
m long, and 3 m high. Floating upright, evaluate the permeability of the soil sample, in cm/sec.
draft of the barge, in meters, when transporting 5000 a. 0.00924 c. 0.00541
bags of cement along the river, each bag having a mass b. 0.00715 d. 0.00689
of 40 kg. Assume the specific gravity of the water in
the river to be 1.02. 17. A soil sample has a water content of 20 percent and
a. 1.38 b. 2.57 c. 2.01 d. 1.67 moist unit weight of 18 kN/m 3. The specific gravity of
the solids is 2.65. Obtain the void ratio of the soil.
6. A spherical balloon 6 m in diameter is filled with a. 0.407 b. 0.635 c. 0.733 d. 0.368
gas weighing 5 N/m3. In standard air weighing 12 N/m 3,
evaluate the maximum load, in N, 18. For the tank shown in Figure HHP-1, obtain the depth
a. 812 b. 792 c. 672 d. 916 d, in meters, of the oil of its specific gravity is
0.84.
7. A trapezoidal canal has a bottom width of 4 m and a. 1.44 b. 1.19 c. 1.37 d. 1.28
side slopes of 2 horizontal to 1 vertical. When the
depth of the flow is 1.2 m, the flow is 30 m 3/sec. The 19. An unconfined compression test was conducted on a
roughness coefficient n= 0.015. Evaluate the slope of sample of clay having a diameter of 50 mm. The failure
the channel using Mannings formula. load was recorded at 240 N. The cohesion strength of
a. 0.00195 c. 0.00316 the clay, in kPa, is nearest to a value of
b. 0.00412 d. 0.00447 a. 64.0 b. 45.0 c. 61.1 d. 101.0

8. A layer of soft clay having an initial void ratio 20. When the path lines of the individual particles of
of 1.50 is 10 m thick. Under a compressive load applied a flowing liquid are irregular curves and continually
above it, the void ratio decreased by one-half. Evaluate cross each other and form a complicated network, the
the reduction in the thickness of the clay layer. flow is called
a. 4.25 b. 3.75 c. 3.00 d. 5.50 a. uniform c. laminar
b. continuous d. turbulent
9. If the velocity head at one point of a pipeline is
5 m, what would be the velocity head, in meters, at the SITUATION 1 – The coefficient of permeability below a
point of the pipeline if the velocity is increased three dam is 4 m /day. The water on the upstream side is 20
times? meter higher than on the downstream side. To estimate
a. 20 b. 45 c. 15 d. 30 the seepage below the dam, a flow net was graphically
drawn such that the number of potential drops, Nd = 10
10. Determine the pressure in a vessel of mercury at a and the number of flow channels Nf = 4. The base of the
point 200 mm below the liquid surface, expressing the dam is founded 1 m below the ground. Between the heel
answer in kPa absolute. and the toe of the dam, a distance of 30 meters, there
a. 132 b. 130 c. 134 d. 128 are 8 potential drops.

11. Water flows through a rectangular irrigation canal, 21. Evaluate the seepage flow per meter width of dam,
500 mm deep by 1 m wide, with a mean velocity of 2 in liters/min
meters per second. Determine the rate if flow in m 3 per a. 18.5 b. 20.6 c. 32.5 d. 22.2
minute.
a. 50 b. 70 c. 80 d. 60 22. Determine the uplift pressure at the heel of the
dam, in kPa
12. A layer of soft clay having an initial void ratio a. 198 b. 181 c. 177 d. 114
of 2.00 is 10 m thick. Under a compressive load applied
above it, the void ratio decreased by one-half. Evaluate 23. Determine the uplift pressure at the toe of the dam,
the reduction in the thickness of the clay layer, in in kPa.
meter (m). a. 11.4 b. 14.7 c. 19.6 d. 17.6
a. 3.50 b. 3.33 c. 6.67 d. 7.50
MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)

SITUATION 2 - According to the elastic theory, the 37. Evaluate the percentage volume of the block that
vertical stress induced by a flexible line load of floats in the liquid.
infinite length that has an intensity of q units/length a. 82.5 b. 74.3 c. 67.3 d. 53.3
on the surface of a semi-infinite soil mass can be
estimated by the expression. 38. Obtain the downward force in kN required to make it
P= 0.637 q/N completely submerged in the liquid.
Where N= z(1+(r/z)2)2 a. 1.05 b. 3.22 c. 1.98 d. 2.05
r = horizontal distance from the line of the load
z = depth of interest at which stress is induced SITUATION 7 - An irrigation canal with trapezoidal cross
A concrete hollow block wall weighing 6 kN per lineal sections has the following dimension: Bottom width =
meter is carried by a wall footing 0.60 m wide. 2.00 m, depth of water = 0.90 m, side slope = 1.5
horizontal to 1 vertical, slope of the canal bed =
24. Evaluate the bearing pressure, in kPa, exerted by 0.001, coefficient of roughness = 0.025, The canal will
the footing onto the supporting soil. serve clay-loam Riceland for which the duty of water
a. 14 b. 12 c. 10 d. 16 per hectare is 3.0 liters/sec. Using Manning’s formula:
V= (R^2/3)(s^1/2)/n,
25. Evaluate the stress in the soil caused by the load
depth equal to twice its width. 39. determine the hydraulic radius of the canal, in
a. 7.25 b. 6.47 c. 4.43 d. 5.31 meter(s),
a. 0.432 b. 0.342 c. 0.501 d. 0.579
26. Evaluate the stress at depth of 2 m and a horizontal
distance of 3 m from the line of the load. 40. velocity of the water in m/sec,
a. 0.432 b. 0.531 c. 0.668 d. 0.302 a. 0.308 b. 0.475 c. 0.652 d. 0.876

SITUATION 3 - In Figure HTRS-2, reservoir A is the 41. number of hectares served by the irrigation canal,
source of water supply and is at Elev. 150 m, B is the a. 897 b. 879 c. 978 d. 789
junction at Elev. 91.46, C is a town at Elev. 30.49 m
with 25 000 inhabitants, D is another town at Elev. SITUATION 8 – A soil sample has a dry unit weight of 17
15.24 m with a population of 30 000. Length AB is 15,240 kN/m^3 and a void ratio of 0.60.
m, BC is 9150 m, BD is 6100 m. Determine the size of
the pipes if the consumption is 150 liters per capita 42. Evaluate the specific gravity of the soil solids.
per day. For the pipes, the consumption is 150 liters a. 2.44 b. 2.65 c. 2.77 d. 2.56
per capita per day. For the pipes, friction factor f =
0.02. Determine the required diameter, in meters, of 43. Obtain the unit weight of the sample in kN/m^3 when
fully saturated.
27. pipe AB a. 21.3 b. 18.6 c. 20.7 d. 19.6
a. 0.450 b. 0.330 c. 0.390 d. 0.420
44. What is the hydraulic gradient at hydraulic
28. pipe BC condition?
a. 0.366 b. 0.500 c. 0.216 d. 0.196 a. 1.43 b. 1.11 c. 1.35 d. 1.28

29. pipe BD SITUATION 9 - A rectangular irrigation canal 6m wide


a. 0.450 b. 0.205 c. 0.300 d. 0.150 contains water 1.0 m deep. It has a hydraulic slope of
0.001 and a roughness coefficient of 0.013
SITUATION 4 - A square footing 4 m on a side is founded
1.2 m below the ground surface for which the bulk unit 45. Evaluate the mean velocity of the water in the
weight of the soil is 20 kN/m 3, the cohesion strength canal, is m/sec,
is 10 kPa, and the angle of internal friction is 20 deg. a. 1.52 b. 1.06 c. 2.01 d. 1.38
Under the condition of general shear failure, evaluate
the contribution of the following to the ultimate soil 46. Evaluate the discharge in the canal, in m^3/sec,
bearing capacity, in kPa. The ground water table is at a. 10.8 b. 13.8 c. 11.5 d. 12.0
a level at a that does not affect the unit weight of
the soil. Use terzaghi’s bearing capacity factors. 47. What would have been the depth of the canal, in
Nc=17.7, Nq=7.44, Ny=3.64. meters, using the more economical proportions but
adhering to the same discharge and slope?
30. cohesion strength a. 2.38 b. 2.06 c. 1.67 d. 2.52
a. 259 b. 235 c. 230 d. 287
SITUATION 10 - An open cylindrical vessel 1.3 m in
31. soil overburden diameter and 2.1 m high is 2/3 full of water. If rotated
a. 247 b. 260 c. 179 d. 185 about the vertical axis at a constant angular speed of
90 rpm,
32. footing dimension
a. 98 b. 116 c. 128 d. 102 48. Determine how high is the paraboloid formed of the
water surface, in meter(s).
SITUATION 5 - A rectangular gate 1.5 m wide and 3 m high a. 1.26 b. 1.91 c. 2.46 d. 1.35
is vertically submerged in water with is top edge
horizontal and 2 m below the water surface. 49. Determine the amount of water in liters that will
be spilled out.
33. Evaluate the total force acting on one side of the a. 140 b. 152 c. 341 d. 146
gate, in kN.
a. 177 b. 143 c. 154 d. 165 50. What should have been the height of the vessel, in
meters, so that no water is spilled out?
34. Obtain the location of the force from the center of a. 2.87 b. 2.55 c. 3.15 d. 2.36
gravity of the plate, in meter(s).
a. 0.316 b. 0.225 c. 0.214 d. 0.355 SITUATION 11 – A 3-m square plate is immersed vertically
in water such that the two edges of the square are
35. Obtain the location of the force from the liquid horizontal. The center of pressure is located 8 cm from
surface, in meters. the centroid of the square plate.
a. 3.71 b. 3.96 c. 3.82 d. 3.61
51. Which of the following most nearly gives the
SITUATION 6 - A solid block having a specific gravity distance of the top edge from the water surface?
of 3.5 is placed in a container containing liquid having a. 9.38 m b. 10.88 m c. 6.38 m d. 7.88 m
specific gravity of 13.6.
52. Which of the following most nearly gives the
36. If the volume of the block is 0.020 cubic meter, distance of the center of pressure from the water
obtain the weight of the block, in kN. surface?
a. 0.824 b. 0.687 c. 0.566 d. 0.751 a. 12.46 m b. 10.96 m c. 9.46 m d. 7.96 m
MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)

53. Which of following most nearly gives the total SITUATION 15 - For a soil with 𝐷60 = 0.42𝑚𝑚, 𝐷30 = 0.21𝑚𝑚,
hydrostatic pressure on one side of the plate? and 𝐷10 = 0.16𝑚𝑚:
a. 1,092.59 kN c. 960.15 kN
b. 695.28 kN d. 827.72 kN 67. Determine the uniformity coefficient.
a. 2.625 b. 0.656 c. 0.245 d. 1.563
SITUATION 12 - Dry soil is mixed with 17% by mass with
water and then compacted. The moist soil has a volume 68. Determine the coefficient of gradation.
of 0.001 m³ and a mass of 1.60 kg. The specific gravity a. 2.625 b. 0.656 c. 0.245 d. 1.563
soil solids is 2.70.
SITUATION 16 - Following are the details for the
54. Which of the following most nearly gives the dry backfill material used in a vibrofloatation project:
unit weight of the soil? 𝐷10 = 0.36𝑚𝑚, 𝐷20 = 0.52𝑚𝑚, 𝐷50 = 1.42𝑚𝑚.
a. 1,328.00 kg/m³ c. 1,351.49 kg/m³
b. 1,367.52 kg/m³ d. 1,376.52 kg/m³ 69. Determine the suitability number.
a. 6.1 b. 11.5 c. 22.3 d. 32.4
55. Which of the following most nearly gives the void
ratio of the soil? 70. What would be its rating as a backfill material?
a. 1.0331 b. 1.0525 c. 0.9615 d. 0.9978 a. Excellent b. Fair c. Good d. Poor
56. Which of the following most nearly gives the degree SITUATION 17 - An object having a specific gravity of
of saturation of the soil? 0.60 floats in a liquid having a specific gravity of
a. 0.5353 b. 0.4774 c. 0.4361 d. 0.4600 0.80.
SITUATION 13 - A cylindrical tank 1 m in diameter and 3 71. What percentage of the volume below the liquid
m tall is open at the top. surface to the total volume of the body?
a. 40% b. 60% c. 75 % d. 25%
57. If the tank floats in water with a draft of 2.30 m,
which of the following most nearly gives the weight of 72. If the volume above the liquid surface is 0.024 𝑚 3,
the tank (in kN)? what is the weight of the object (in kN)?
a. 21.85 b. 17.72 c. 15.03 d. 23.11 a. 0.656 b. 0.665 c. 0.566 d. 0.565
58. Which of the following most nearly gives the weight 73. What is the load that will cause the object to be
of the lead (𝛾𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑 = 110 kN/m³) that must be fastened to fully submerged (in kN)?
the outside bottom of the tank to make the top of the a. 0.245 b. 0.188 c. 0.818 d. 0.234
tank flushed with the water surface (in kN)?
a. 8.88 b. 3.76 c. 1.39 d. 5.92 SITUATION 18 - Given the following properties of a soil
Porosity, n = 42.1%
59. Which of the following most nearly gives the weight Specific gravity of soil solids, G = 2.71
of the lead (γlead = 110 kN/m³) that must be placed
inside the tank to make the top of the tank flushed with 74. Calculate the nearest value to the void ratio of
the water surface (in kN)? the soil (in %).
a. 5.39 b. 3.50 c. 8.08 d. 1.26 a. 78.54 b. 75.63 c. 70.41 d. 72.71
SITUATION 14 - One cubic meter of wet soil weighs 18.5 75. Calculate the nearest value to the saturated unit
kN. If the specific gravity of soil particles is 2.70 weight of the soil (in kN/m3).
and water content is 24.5%. Determine the following: a. 18.65 b. 19.52 c. 17.54 d. 20.12
60. The void ratio. 76. Calculate the nearest value to the effective unit
a. 0.837 b. 0.638 c. 0.783 d. 0.863 weight of the soil (in kN/m3).
a. 8.84 b. 10.31 c. 7.73 d. 9.71
61. The dry unit weight (in kN/m3).
a. 15.24 b. 13.47 c. 14.86 d. 16.58 SITUATION 19 - A circular vessel 2m in diameter and 3m
high is filled with fluids A (H = 1m), B (H = 1m) and
62. The degree of saturation (in %). C (H = 1m) respectively. At the bottom of the vessel is
a. 84.54 b. 89.67 c. 80.47 d. 78.54 a 0.09m^2 standard orifice (C = 0.60). Specific gravity
of fluid A = 3, fluid B = 2 and fluid C = 1.
63. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) considers
the soil as sand if its grain size diameter is: 77. Find the time to remove liquid A out of the container
a. 2mm – 0.06mm c. 2mm – 0.05mm (in seconds).
b. 2mm – 0.075mm d. 4.75mm – 0.075mm a. 10.88 b. 24.48 c. 50.75 d. 26.27
64. Under the Unified Soil Classification System of 78. Find the time to remove liquid A and B out of the
classifying the different groupings of soils such as container (in seconds).
gravel, sand, silt, and clay uses some group symbols. a. 10.88 b. 24.48 c. 50.75 d. 26.27
What does the group symbol GM indicate?
a. Silty gravels, Silty gravel with sand mixtures 79. Find the total time to empty the container (in
b. well graded gravels and gravel-sand mixtures seconds).
c. clayey gravels, gravel-sand-clay mixtures a. 10.88 b. 24.48 c. 50.75 d. 26.27
d. poorly graded sands and gravelly sand
SITUATION 20 - The water table in a saturated soil layer
65. The process that occurs in clay deposits when the is 2.5 m below the ground surface. The saturated unit
development of compressive stresses in the soil mass weight of the soil is 20.30 kN/m³. The height of
from external loading causes the soil to undergo a capillary rise is 1.5 m
reduction in volume that is simultaneously accompanied
by water in the soil pores being expelled to permit the 80. Which of the following most nearly gives the total
decrease in voids is called: stress at a depth of 4m below the ground surface?
a. Compression c. Consolidation a. 84.60 kPa c. 90.50 kPa
b. Settlement d. Compaction b. 81.20 kPa d. 87.30 kPa
66. A conduit for conveying water over long distances: 81. Which of the following most nearly gives the pore
a bridge supporting such a conduit. water pressure at a depth of 4m below the ground
a. viaduct c. aqueduct surface?
b. aquifer d. aquastat a. 26.73 kPa c. 24.52 kPa
b. 25.42 kPa d. 22.45 kPa
MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building, CM Recto Avenue, Manila
CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City
Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
(032) 254-6697 (Cebu)

82. Which of the following most nearly gives the 90. Determine the density of air at 20 ℃ and standard
effective stress (in kPa) at a depth of 4m below the barometric pressure. R = 287 J/kg.K
ground surface? a. 1.205 kg/m^3 c. 1.247 kg/m^3
a. 64.85 b. 56.68 c. 63.77 d. 59.18 b. 1.292 kg/m^3 d. 1.342 kg/m^3

SITUATION 21 - A platform of a uniformly loaded 91. A written record of information about the soil
rectangular area is shown in the figure. The vertical removed from a hole drilled in the earth.
stress below the corner of a uniformly loaded a. Borehole b. Borelog c. Hole d. bore
rectangular area is given by the equation:
∆𝜎 = 𝑞 ∙ 𝐼3 92. The ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces
where: q = uniform area load. without the assistance of, and in opposition to,
* 𝐼3 can be found by using Table 1. external forces like gravity.
𝑚 = 𝐵/𝑧 ; 𝑛 = 𝐿/𝑧 a. Swelling c. Capillary action
b. Cohesion d. permeability

93. The intermolecular attraction by which the elements


of a body are held together.
a. Adhesion c. Friction
b. Capillarity d. Cohesion

94. A term used in hydrology to refer to aquifers, in


speleology to refer to cave passages, and in volcanology
to refer to eruption type.
a. Phreatic c. Artesian
b. pyroclastic d. Kilauea

95. An occurrence in which a liquid or gas flows or


passes slowly through small openings.
a. Capillarity c. Seepage
b. Permeability d. Consolidation

96. A measure indicating the capacity of the soil or


rock to allow fluids to pass.
a. Soil permeability c. Seepage
b. Swelling d. Bulking

97. The elastic tendency of liquids which makes them


acquire the least surface area possible. It is an
important property that markedly influences the
ecosystem. It is exposed, for example, any time an
object or an insect that is denser than water is able
to float or run along the water surface.
a. Viscosity c. Surface tension
b. Cohesion d. Density

98. Those into which water seeps from the ground surface
directly above the aquifer.
a. Confined aquifers c. Sands
b. Unconfined aquifers d. Clays
83. Determine the vertical stress increase (in kPa)
below point A’ at a depth of z = 4m. 99. Those in which an impermeable rock layer exists that
a. 14.13 b. 10.94 c. 16.78 d. 23.56 prevents water from seeping into the aquifer from the
ground surface located directly above. Instead, water
84. Determine the vertical stress increase (in kPa) seeps into these from farther away where the impermeable
below point B at a depth of z = 4m. layer doesn’t exist.
a. 12.31 b. 11.28 c. 16.04 d. 21.23 a. Confined aquifers c. Sands
b. Unconfined aquifers d. Clays
85. Determine the vertical stress increase (in kPa)
below the center of the uniformly loaded rectangular 100. A measure of the resistance of a fluid to gradual
area at a depth of z = 4m. deformation by shear stress or tensile stress.
a. 15.63 b. 7.64 c. 30.57 d. 27.56 a. Viscosity c. Surface tension
b. Cohesion d. Density
86. During a constant head permeability test on a sand
sample, 260,000 mm3 of water were collected in 2
minutes. If the sample had a length of 100mm, a diameter d oil
of 40mm and a maintained head of 200mm, what is its
coefficient of permeability in mm/sec.
a. 0.862 b. 1.08 c. 1.53 d. 1.86 water 4m
3m water
87. A pail of water 0.5m deep is accelerated upward at
a rate of 1.2 𝑚/𝑠 2. Determine the pressure at the bottom FIGURE HHP-1
of the pail (in kPa).
a. 5.5 b. 4.3 c. 4.9 d. 6.6
El. 150
88. A rectangular barge 6m long, 3m wide and 1m high
floats in water at a draft of 0.6m, determine the
metacentric height in this condition. The center of
Town C
gravity of the barge is 0.5m above its bottom. A El. 30.49
a. 1.25m b. 1.05m c. 1.45m d. 1.55m

89. A cylindrical tank having a diameter of 1m and B


height of 3m is filled with water to a depth of 2m. El. 91.46
Determine the maximum angular speed (in rad/s) that the
tank may be rotated about its vertical axis so that no Town D
El. 15.24
water will be spilled out.
FIGURE HTRS-2
a. 12.53 b. 119.63 c. 16.53 d. 26.74

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