Element A1

Element A1
 The Case for Health and Safety

 MORAL - Common Law duty of care

 Moral Duty and Obligations
 Smaller (self emp) – 2.5 x more fatal injuries than larger org’s

 LEGAL – Duty = Statute LAW

 Criminally enforceable
 Beyond reasonable care
 Duties of :
 ABSOLUTE
 PRACTICABLE
 REASONABLY PRACTIBALE CARE

Element A1
 The Case for Health and Safety

 SELF REGULATION
 Establishing rules of conduct and performance which
go beyond meeting min req’s

 Periodic
 Monitoring
 Review
 Reflection

Element A1
 The Case for Health and Safety

 ECONOMIC
 Costs of accidents
 Insurance Prem
 Loss of prod / service

 = overall effects on profitability

 Direct / indirect costs

Element A1
 The Case for Health and Safety

 DIRECT COSTS
 Insurance increases
 Comp payments
 Fines
 Damage to equip, materials, property, env

Element A1
 The Case for Health and Safety

 INDIRECT COSTS
 Lost time / production
 Penalties (service)

 Lost time
 Loss of morale etc
 Mgt lost time
 Investigate acc
 Reports
 Hearings
 Inquests

Element A1
 The Case for Health and Safety

 OTHER LOST TIME

 First aid
 Clean up / salvage / recovery
 Investigations
 Legal advice
 Loss of customer / supplier / public confidence

 ALL THIS = FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF

EFFECTIVE H+S MGT
 10% OF ANNUAL TURNOVER

Element A1
 Economic Climate – Effect on H+S

 Good times –
 More / New workers
 Challenge of training
 = MORE ACCIDENTS

 But…
 More investment in long term improvments

Element A1
 Economic Climate – Effect on H+S

 Bad Times –
 Less workers – more individual work
 Workers more focussed
 = LESS ACCIDENTS

 BUT
 Less investment in long term improvements

 ALSO LONGER HOURS = RISK

Element A1
 Economic Climate – Effect on H+S

 UK
 Progressively more service based rather than manuf

 Injury rates overtaken by ill health

 (MSD’s asbestos etc)

 Migrant workers
 Diff perception of risk (Africa, Turkey, etc)
 May be prepared to take high risk / work long hrs
without complaint
 LEADS TO EXPLOITATION

Element A1
 Economic Climate – Effect on H+S

 CORP SOCIAL RESP

 Requires Org’s to focus on
 Employees
 Suppliers
 Customers
 Local Community
 Impact on Env

Element A1
 EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS

 HAZARD
 Something that has potential to cause harm

 RISK
 The likelihood of potential harm from a hazard being
realised

 DANGER
 Imminent contact with a hazard
 LEVEL OF RISK = Likelihood + Severity

Element A1
 EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS

 POLICY – Req. under HASAWA

 Important role in achieving successful H+S mgt

 Shows intention of org, those resp, how intention to
be fulfilled

 Clear commitment to H+S

 Acceptance of resp by most SNR MGT and assignment of
resp to others
 Defines goals, establishes std’s and prac that reflect
goals of org

Element A1
 EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS

 POLICY – cont…

 Provides direction and structure

 Provides perf std’s to measure against

Element A1
 EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS

 HASAWA Section 2

 Create policy statement

 State org and arrangement for bringing statement into
effect
 Bring policy to attn of all workers
 REVISE AS NECESSARY

 Less than 5 emp – NOT in writing

Element A1
 EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS

 POLICY – cont…

 E.g.
 New emp’s – induction
 Told intention of company re H+S, and names of resp
persons
 Given info such as SSOW, P2W, training etc

 Policy is overall control doc – vehicle

for communication

Element A1
 EFFECTIVE MGT SYSTEMS

 MHSWR 99
 Reg 5

 Requires approp arrangements for

effective :
 PLANNING
 ORGANISATION
 CONTROL
 MONITORING
 REVIEW of prev and prot measures

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Statement of Intent

 Organisation

 Arrangements

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Statement of Intent
 Overview (policy statement)
 Demonstrate MGT philos and commit
 Signed and dated by most SNR MGR
 Brought to attn of emp’s

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Organisation
 How – chart – rep structures
 Clear lines of resp of MGT at ALL LEVELS
 Unbroken logical delegation
 ID accountable MGT – detailed arrangements
 Duties and resp of workers and others
 Role and function and ID of H+S Pract / Comp Pers
 Defined roles / functions
 Adequate Support – plus first aid / fire wardens
 Commitment to emp involvement thru reps, comm,
briefings etc

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Organisation
 Nomination of Comp Persons
 for whole organisation
 Locations
 Depts etc

 Responsibility for direct action lies

with LINE MGT not Pract.
 Pract role includes –
 Monitoring effectiveness of policy, provision of
accurate info for SNR MGT

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Organisation

 Duties and Responsibilities

 Must be clear and understood
 Primary duty of SNR MGT to ensure duties of sub are
carried out.
 Each person assigned duties is accountable
 SNR MGT acc. For these and their own duties

 Each level of MGT must have clear

defined duties.

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Organisation

 STRUCTURE
 Show clearly who reports to whom and nature of resp.
 (family tree structure)

 Also define essential people carrying

out specific tasks / arrangements.
 F/aid
 Fire wardens and reps etc

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Arrangements

 Dictated by nature of business

 Hazards and controls

 General / Specific / Detail /

 General
 required to:
 Plan, Organise, Control, Monitor, Review
 (MHSWR reg 5)

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Arrangements

 Specific Specific hazards etc

 (Elec / Noise / MH / DSE…)

 Arrangements to control particular hazards will

comprise a blend of technical, procedural, and
behavioural arrangements.

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Arrangements

 Detail
 Arrangements not necessarily set out in main doc
 Policy can refer to other docs:

 SSOW
 RULES
 PROCEDURES
 STANDARDS

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Arrangements

 SSOW
 General or specific
 Formality depends on risk arising from work

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Arrangements

 RULES
 To remind of correct mandatory behaviour expected

 NOT confused with guidance

 Use key words – “always” or “never”

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Arrangements

 PROCEDURES

 Set clear stds of performance

 People, training etc

 Equip and substances
 Products and services
 Environmental
 MGT Actions

Element A1
 COMPONENTS OF POLICY

 Arrangements

 STANDARDS

 Help build pos culture and control risks

 Who , what , where, when , how…

 Specify levels of acceptable waste

 Methods / frequency i.e. checking guards etc

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 MODELS BASED ON

 HSG65
 BSOHSAS 18001
 BSEN ISO 14001

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 HSG 65

 POLICY

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 BS 18001

 “Occupational Health and Safety

Assessment Series”

 OHSAS

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 BENEFITS OF INTERGRATION

 Reduced cost – avoid dupl audits etc

 Time savings – one MGT review
 Holistic approach
 Reduced bureaucracy
 Less conflict between systems
 Improved comm
 One set of objectives – enhanced bus. Focus
 Improved morale / motivation
 Optimised audits – int and ext

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 BENEFITS OF INTERGRATION

 TQM

 All aspects under Quality heading

 Any deviation is a quality failure

 Minor acc’s etc

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 LIMITS OF INTERGRATION

 Single doc – more complex / more revisions

 One MGT review – takes longer
 Longer audits
 HSE enforcement benchmark against HSG65

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 FINANCIAL REPORTING COUNCIL

 “Corporate Governance”
 Requires PLC’s to make annual disclosure statement
 Covers all controls – all risks

 “Effective MGT of Risks” – Financial and H+S

 Makes and org self reg
 Any shortfalls in system are picked up and put right
before enforcement
 = fewer acc’s

Element A1
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF H+S MGT SYSTEM

 “LEADING H+S AT WORK”

 HSE and IOD
 Produced to reflect imp role SNR MGT play

 Guidance reflects common MGT approach:

 PLAN
 DELIVER (DO)
 MONITOR (CHECK)
 REVIEW (ACT)

Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 MHSWR Reg 7 (H+S Assistance)

 Absolute duty on employer
 1. appoint comp persons to assist with compliance
 2. make arrangements for persons to co-op
 3. ensure no. of people and facilities / time are
adequate
 Consider size of org. and risks
 4. ensure persons appointed are competent
 5. persons appointed are informed of any temps /
fixed term
 6. appoint from within pref to outside.

Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 Design of H+S MGT system

 HSG65 OR 18001
 Include coordination of consultation on the design of
the MS and involve discussions with those affected
 Line MGT
 Reps
 Employees

Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 Implementation of MGT System

 Communication
 Support
 Adjustments
 Clarification
 MGT AND EMPLOYEES EMBRACE SYSTEM AS “THIERS”

 H+S Prac role is SUPPORTIVE

Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 EVALUATION of H+S MGT system

 (once implemented)
 Formal review, audit or on-going obs evaluation of
effectiveness

 MAINTENANCE OF H+S MGT System

 Corrective action
 Changes
 Improvements
 Assess effects of change and propose adjustments /
amendments
 (Seek views on changes before implementing)
Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 INFLUENCING OWNERSHIP AND

CONDUCT

 H+S Prac provides individual support to MGT

 Monitor MGT by observing
 Influence ownership through gentle persuasive
support
 INSTEAD OF EXERTING A FORMAL OBLIGATION

Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 “COMPETENCE” + CPD
 HSE:
 “The ability to undertake responsibilities and perform
activities to a recognised Std on a regular basis. Combination
of skills, knowledge, and experience.

 MHWSR Reg 7
 Sufficient training, exp, knowledge or other qualities
 Membership of an appropriate body may indicate
competence

Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 CPD
 Need to keep abreast of new developments

 IOSH – need CPD

 Continuous process
 Reviews and develops knowledge, skills, abilities
 Online CPD log (iosh)

Element A1
 ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF H+S
PRACTICIONER

 ETHICS
 Moral stds and how they affect conduct
 Do not ignore unsafe working practices to save
money
 MORAL PRINCIPLES
 Honesty
 Not misrepresent level of risk to gain actions to improve h+s
 Respect
 Due respect and listen to views, dignity etc
 Integrity
 + confidentiality
 Professional Independence (IOSH Code of Conduct)
Element A1