CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

It is perhaps a general principle that a round peg around is less tasking than a square peg around hole.
Similarly issues and matters of local authorities is a simple language it is more appropriate to apply
tradition solution to traditional problems,

Local government as the third tier of government is potentially better placed than other levels of
government that is state and federal government there is no doubting the fact that because of its
closeness and fan1iliarity with local dwellers, local government has the potential to local problems.
Ascertain local needs demand and devices the much needed strategies to deal with the demand and
aspiration of the people.

In a federal arrangement like Nigeria the local people are usually for removed from central government
consequent the difficulties administrating the wide spectru111s. of social services for the rural area that
are regulated from the state headquarter can better if they are close

to the people. The general variety of infrastructural facilities in the

various rural can better be addressed by the local government because it

is close to the people than the State and Federal government.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE ROLE

Truly every research work has one or two problem in the process \of carrying out a very good work like
wise encounter many problems diving the course of study. Firstly source we frugal with information / (
because they felt that any disclosure may affect the image of their local government in addition the time
limit to finish this work is very short four 111 0 nth is barely enough to carry out a very good research.

1.3 PURPOSE/ OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this research work is to assess the impact of local governll1ent administration to rural
development in Nigeria using moro local government as a case of study.

Therefore, the objective of the study include:

I. To assess the role and functions of more local government.

II. To assess the impact of various local government administration reform on the rural
development of local government.
III. To discuss the various problems facing local government.
IV. To proffer solution to the problems facing the moro local government.
V. And lastly to know the historical background.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY OF MORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT

This study carried out an analysis of the various functions and impact performed by local government
area of kwara State as a case study. It is trying to find out why the local government has consistently
failed to realize her goals of improving the standard of living of the rural people when it can effectively
do so. The findings shows that inspire of the law establishing the local government, the constitutional
guarantee to its existence and the functions assigned to it local government has not provide effective
tools for individual and social development. The reason has been as a result of financial problems
administration organization and managerial problems, This project recommends solution to those
problem,

In view of the above, therefore, this study will be significance in the following ways.

It will contribute to the existing scholar's literature and provide additional knowledge on how to
improve the performance of local government in Nigeria.

In additions, if will help local government official to discover their problem and enable them improve on
their performance standard.

1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study is limited to Moro Local Government Area of Kwara State. The reason for this delimitation is
due to the fact that the Local Government Area is made up of rural communities which fall within the
target areas of the research intended to investigate. The work or study is also limited to coverage
because of the time and financial constraints.

1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

This research is divided into Five Chapters:

This first Chapter deals with Introduction, aims and objectives of the study, the significance, Research
methodology and organization of the study.

The Chapter two examines the literature review theoretical frame 'work, current trends in thinking and
summary of the chapter.

Chapter three deals with research methodology sample and population of the study, source of data and
research problems,

Chapter Five which is the last Chapter make up of summary of findings, recommendations Conclusions
and Bibliography.

1.7 DEFINITIONS OF TREMS

The major terms used in the study are operationally defined to have the following meanings.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT

This refers to a political sub-division of nation or a state in federal system of government which is
constituted by law and has substantial control of local affairs including power to impose taxes or
imposed taxes in order to exert labour for prescribed purpose.

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Is defined as a social action in which the people of a community organize themselves for planning an
action, define their COlTI1110n needs and problems in order- to execute it in an effective manner, they
execute their plans maximum of reliance upon community resources and supplement this resources
when necessary with service and material from government and non government agency out side the
community .

REFERENCES

ADE, S.O (1980): Kaduna Essay In local government kaduna kotlak

AREMU, A. OLOTA (2000) Challenges In the new Millennium, Ilorin South Local Government Ilorin.

A YO S.B (1986): the history 1st Edition Government Administration press.

AREM'U, A.O (1993) Bureaucracy and Local Government Administration. University of Ilorin Nigeria

BIDOLE & BUDDLE (1965) Community Development Process, London, heeds Polytechnic London.

ONIMODE B. (1985) : An Introduction to Marxist Political Economic Zed book press London.

UNESCO. PERSPECTIVE (2000) Community & Rural Developn1ent. Ife University of Ife press.
CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITE RAT UTE RETIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

The term local government according to the United Nation (UN) officer for public administration defines
it as a political sub division of a Nation which it as a constituted by law as a substantial controller of local
affairs, including the power to impose taxes or extent labour for prescribed purpose. The governing
body of such an entity is elected or locally selected. Also, the National conference and local government
head of the institute of administration university of lle-Ife from April 29th to May 3rd 1969 said that
local representative government is a means of involving the local citizen in. detern1ining need assigned
priorities mastering local resources.

This providing them with a sense of identification and participation of which are essential to effective
economical and enthusiastic government.

Areoye in his book titled "Government for West Africa said despite the problem and the weakness of
local government in African, most government still allow them to operate.

This is so because of additional important role of local government in African according to him
local government serve as training ground for potential political leaders. Most of our emanates national
leaders had earlier political training from local government, \

According to Akindele (1990) local government is an essential instrument of National or State

government for the performance of certain basis service.

2.2 PRINCIPLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT

These principles and objectives could be broadly categorized include:-

1. Decentralization (De congestion)

2. Economic realism

3. Participation,

4. National pride.

1. DE-CONGESTION:- the need for free in centre of excessive details of petty decision
making so as to provide means of all kinds which are peculiar to the need of a particular district village
and community.

2. ECONOMIC REALISM:- This has to do with the provision of new spring of inspiration and
support development by creating enough 1'00111 for local activities which enrich the national pattern
as well as local scene and catering effectively for backward rural areas communities,

3. PARTICIPATION:- People generally governed by remote control government, trend to be

resentful since they do not see the immediately connection between taxes they pay and the service
government provides. People do not feel concern with the extravagancy of the officer, they do not see it
as waste of money but rather a show of 1110ney.

4. NATIONAL PRIDE:- This may be enhance given different area opportunity to develop
their own pace and in their own ways. Other principle aims and justification for local government area
to make appropriate service and development activities responsible to local and initiated by developing
or delegating them to local representative bodies. Also to facilitate the exercise of democratic self-
government closes to the local level of our society and to encourage limitative and leadership potentials.

In the same vein to mobilize human and material resources through the involvement of members of the
public in their local development to provide a two way Channel of con11llunication between rural area
and government. (including state and federal).

2.3 CURRENT TRENDS IN THINKING

In order to realize the objective of crating local governments, it must of necessity carry out certain
function. U is the duty of the local government politics, bye-laws and revenue collection reside in the
customary or area court and even in higher court such as the magistrate and high courts . The function
of local government falls under two categories:-

1. Functions that are exclusive responsibility of the local government

save in exceptional or temporary circumstances these include:-

i. Market and major parks.

ii. Sanitary inspection, refuse and night soil disposal

iii. Resignation of births, death and marriage.

iv. Provision of community and local recreation Centre

v. Licensing, supervision and regulation of bake house and laundries, licensing, regulating
and control of sales liquor.

VI. Control and collection revenue from forestry outside the forest estate of gazettes forest
reserves

vii. Collection of property and other rates, community taxes and other designated revenue
sources.

viii. Naming of road and street and numbering of plot building.

2. Function regarded as local government responsibilities although state goverrunent and other
organization may also perform particularly if the local governments are not espied to perform the
function initially, these include:-

i. Health centre, such as maternity centres, dispensaries, health clinic and ambulance.

ii. Abattoirs and Meat inspection

 iii. Nursery, primary and adult education

IV. Information and public enlightenment

v. Provision and semi-urban water supply.

vi. Provision of scholarship and bursaries

vii. Provision of roads and street,( other than truck road) their lighting and drainage.

Viii. Agricultural extension services and vetenary clinic.

IX. Provision of public utilities excepts where restricted by the other legislation – specifically
include the provision of road and land, water and transportation.

x. Regulation and control of building and country planning.

2.4 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER

Rural development simply means the acting together for the common or interest to be attained that is,
it is a group endeavors in the other way round rural community development can be seen as a process
of social action in which people of a community organize themselves for action to maximum reliance of
their own, initiate and resource supplement with assistance from government or non-governmental
resources.

In a similar vein, community development links and serves as the participation of the people
themselves in efforts to improve their level of standard of the people in the area.

Williams Laourde defines rural on community development that the people themselves extract
their economics, social and cultural conditions

Community development to Brain and Baker can be define as a education process he said it is
not something of the spirit more than something of materials because it is not better road better bridge,
pure water nor better road, better satisfaction of the people examine them and testing them as
principle faith. It is not temporary physically construction, it is a building within one heart and mind of
man not recreating centre in the middle of field.

It must be a way of life a community embraced by every members of the community. With that
as physical solution shall follow and in the prosper order of important and recognition.

Rural areas are capable with a complete social system as social _ system rural area can thus be
described with assignable bound araise 100 miles.

A Beagle (1957) prospered that a social system may be considered a concrete interactive social
structure.

The member interact more with members and non members when participating in the
organization as an ongoing concern. Hence in concrete social system, The greater the interaction
between members the easier to ascertain who is part and who is not part of that system that is to
ascertain the boundaries of the system.
 Person (1951:25) observed that "Participation of an actor in a pattern relationship is for many
purpose and the 1110st significant units of ". the social system.

REFERENCCE

Baker .B. (1950): the Human Community New York Harpcr and Bross

Bridle, L J ( 1990) : The -01l1n11111ity development process U.S.A

Bora P. (19 1 : The Staff of the Nations Constraints on development in

independent African Borkey, University of California press.

Burham, A.A (1964): The C0I11111Unity organization .. Jew York Thomas

Y. Crowe].

Ujo, A (2000) in understanding Public administration. Joy Publisher

Kaduna

Weber, M. (1992): The theory of social and economic t organisation.

Press publisher New York.

 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Research Methodology

3.1 INTRODUCTION

This study is limited to Moro Local government area of Kwara State. The reason for this
delimitation is due to the fact that the local government area is made up of rural communities which fall
within the target areas of the research intends investigate.

The work or study is also limited by coverage because time and financial constraints.

3.2 SAMPLE AND POPULATION OF THE STUDY

Moro local government came into existence when the federal government created twelve local
government in the state in 1976. It was under the North-West of Ilorin the headquarter of Kwara Sate.

the local government share boundaries with Niger State and , Kiama local government in kwara
State and Asa local Government of Kwara State in the West. While to the East it shares boundaries with
Ilorin East and Ifelodun local government and Ilorin south local governn1ent of area of the southern
part.

The total population of Moro local government is about Ninety-Five thousand (95,000)
according to the National population census.

Moro local government has a land area of about 412 square kilometers and population density
of 40 persons per square kilometers.

These are five districts in ITIOrO local government which are as follows:

1. Lanwa

2. Ejidongari

3. Oloru

4. Malete

5. Ipaiye district.

The capital of moro local government is in saadu within the lanwa district.

The distance between the moro local governn1ent capital Bade Saadu and Ilorin the State
capital is eighty-eight (88) kilometers,

SOURCES OF DATA

The research methodology adapted for this project is from both primary and secondary sources.
The primary source comes inform of face to face interaction (interview), questionnaire, discussion and
observation while the secondary source is through journals, newspaper, magazine, internet, report and
so on.
 RESEARCH PROBLEM

Every research has one problem or the other in the process of carry it out. So many problems
are encountered during this research work.

Firstly, the sources of data were so tight and frugal because the people in the local government
felt that the disclosure of information about their local government may affect the image of their local
government.

Secondly, the distance within the research area and financial problem in term of cash for
transportation from one place to another.

In addition, the time limit to finish the research work is very short and is barely enough to carry
out a very good research work.
 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 DATA PRESENTATION/ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIQN FINDINGS

4.1 INTRODUCTION

The source of data used in carrying out this research work includes both the primary and
secondary.

But the major source is the primary source the use of face to face interaction with the people of
Moro and also the sharing the of North senatorial district of Kwara State.

4.2 BRIEF HISTORY OFTHECASE OF STUDY

Moro local government was created in 1976 and has a land area of 412 square kilometer and a
population density of 40 person per square kilometer. The total population of Moro local government is
about ninety five thousand, five hundred (95,500) according to the 2006 National Population Census.

Moro local government has - five districts which are Lanwa District, Lanwa district, Ejidongari
district, Oloru district Malete district, Ipaiye district he- capital of Moro local government is Sa' adu
within Lanwa district-

The weather: in Moro local government is one, typical rain and dry season. There is disparity in
the pattern as the Western, Eastern and Southern area entry considerable has high amount of rain the
north area

CULTURE 0F THE PEOPLE OF MORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT

The ethical structures of Moro Local Government are Yoruba, Hausa, Fulani and Nupe.

The people have diverse practices, different religion such as: The Oke/ Egungun Festival at
Okutala and Awon Festival at Shao. It is a festival held annually in the mid of October and November
respectively every year.

The Awon festival in Shao the marriageable girls are given to their respective husbands, one
unique fact about the festival is that, it is the only period when marriage ceremonies are held in this
area, hence Shao is called cultural and of Mass Wedding.

However, the traditional Council of local government is headed by Baale in each.Community.

The primary Function of the Baale is to assist in collection of revenue and development of their area.
They meditates on case which are Civil, but criminal cases are taken to court.

Despite the different ethnic group in the area their culture way of life are similar (in Yoruba; pattern) it is
difficult to differentiate .Yoruba from Hausa, Fulani, or Nupe. The people of Moro local .government
predominantly famer and hunters. They produce mostly for local consumption Example of their product
include Yam, Guinea corn, Cassava, Maize and Groundnut.

4.3 PRESENTATION OF DATA

Questionnaire distributed to people Of the rural areas like Ejidongari, Malete, and Oloru to get their own
view on the impact of Moro local government administration to rural development .
Questionnaire are distributed randomly. 120 questionnaires were distributed containing 20 questions.
Out of the 120 questionnaire distributed 100 return and 90 were filled. Therefore, the research analysis
are based on the questionnaire

That was filled completely as follows :-

TABLE1 : DISTRIBUTED ON RESPONDENT SEX

SEX FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE 0/0

Male 40 44.4 0/0

Female 50 55.6 0/0

Total 90 100 0/0

Source : Researcher: Field survey 2015

The above table shows that among the 90 respondent 44.4 0/0 are male while 55.6 0/0 are
female. Therefore more female responded than male.

TABLE 2 : DISTRIBUTED ON RESPONDENT BY STATUS

RESPONSE FREQUNCY PERCENTAGE 0/0

Marriage 60 66.7 0/0
Single 30 33.3 0/0
Divorce - -
Total 90 100 0/0
Source : Survey 2015

This table shows that more than half of the people who responded are married. This is shown in that,
66.7 0/0 are married while 33.3 0/0 are single.
TABLE 3 : DISTRIBUTION ON RESPONDENT BY EDUCATION LEVEL

RESPONDENT FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE 0/0

Yes 60 66.6 0/0
No 25 27.8 0/0
No answer 5 5.6 0/0
Total 90 100 0/0
Source Researcher : field survey 2015

The question was asked on whether the people understand what is meant by rural development
27.8 0/0 do not understand and 5.6 0/0 did not respond at all which means that many people in that
understand what is meant by rural development.

TABLE 4 : DISTRIBUTION ON RESPONDENT AGE

RESPONSE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE 0/0

20-30 YEARS 15 16.7 0/0
31-40 YEARS 35 38.5 0/0
41-50 YEARS 40 45.5 0/0
TOTAL 90 100 0/0
Sources : Researcher : field survey 2015

TABLE 5 : DISTRIBUTION ON RESPONDENT BY FINANCIAL AND MORAL SUPPORT

RESPONSE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE 0/0

The Community - -
Local government - -
Community local 90 100 0/0
Government
Source : Researcher : field survey 2015

The table shows that the community and local government are responsible for repairing and damages
incurred either financially or morally. This is confirmed by the respondents because 100 0/0 voted for
the community and local government.

ANALYSIS OF DATA

These analyses are based on the findings of this presentation. 90 questionnaires of 120
questionnaires were collected after distribution and half of the respond are females and married. This is
Shown as 55.6 % respectively 66010 of the respondents also understand what is meant by rural
development while 270/0 respondents do not understand what is meant.

Since more than half of the people understand the meaning I think they will be able to pull their
resources in order to develop their area.

Furthermore, findings show that it is the adult that participate more in community development and
that the local government always assist the communities in carrying out their development activities.
The response of the people also show that they always attend lectures on a community development
activities and the impacts of local government administration which will widen their knowledge on how
to identify their problems and be able to provide possible solution which will help in development of
their area.

4.5 TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS

Moro local government like other local government in the federation have certain problems that hinder
its ability to perform beyond expectation. some of these problems are inadequate fund, poor
administration and lack of autonomy.

Finance is one of the notable problems of the local government. The local government could not
properly fund primary education, because there were no enough funds to build more primary schools,
to provide more and better facilitates to regularly pay teachers, salaries, benefit, and to recruit more
qualified teachers so as to improve the quality of education. This finance problem also affects building
and maintenance of new clinic maternity centre and dispensaries and to equip. existing ones with drugs
and qualified doctors and paramedical personnel. Also good road, electricity and a lot of other
inadequacy of financial resources of the local governn1ent. In addition to the problems of financial
aspects the local governn1ent has also failed in most of its functions due to high increase of corruption,
fraud, embezzlement among revenue officials and excessive bureaucracy control from the State
Government, .

4.6 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTER

The chapter has shown us the introduction, historical background of Moro local government and
also the culture and population of Moro local government and all other local government and State that
share boundary with the kilometer of the Moro local government from its headquarter, This chapter
also show us important part and area of Moro local government their language and what they do for
living.
REFERENCES

HULMAN A.A (1960): Community Organization and Planning. New York Macmillan.

HORNY SIXTH EDITION (2000): Oxford Advanced Learning Dictionary. London, George Allen &
Union LMD PP30.

IBIYEMI OYENEYE, MIC-HAEL O. ABIODUN (2002) : Roundup government. A complete guide.

London leads Polytechnic London.

IBRAHIM A.L & AHMED KG: (2005}: Selected themes in political science, Ilorin Olad printing
press.

LIMALELE . (1975): --Basic Community & rural development administration, lesson from Africa
Lagos malt house press.

OGUNSANYA A.A (2003) : local government administration in Nigeria. Science Independent

Ilorin Faculty of Business Social Science.

WAYLAND J. HAWES (1967): Review on Community Development London, London & George
Allen & Union Lmt PP20.
CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS / FINDERS

The major highlight to this research work is that local government as tier of government can better its
impact to the rural development and then summarized as follows.

The local governments in Nigeria are Manipulated by immediate government and their
autonomy needed to execute heir functions are mostly challenged by the other tier of government
Therefore, Nigeria devolution cannot accelerate effective and efficient management administration.

Also, the inadequate performance of the local government or the area where non provision of
equality and quantity goods and services is a manifestation of that ill of the society.

The orientation of social economy policy briery and altitude to official and professional
responsibility,

However, the local government being creation of the State is at it mercy, ' therefore it is
excessively controlled, execute and function dictated by the State government and its statutory findings
illegally diverted to other purposes, Consequently, the nature of one development policies and
strategies is based on top down approach basis and the development fomented and purpose by the
ruling elites. Finally the calibers of staffs in most local government and not worthy to be there according
to the constitution.

5.2 CONCLUSION

So far so good, it is an essential tool in the development of a nation or any society that rural
development should be noted because it brings a lot improvement, mobilization, participation
and institution of the local people.

The people at the local level should be Involved In development planning and identify their
needs and provide solution to their problems.

This makes the local population to be hard working and reduce the responsibility of the State
and federal government, Since the community is able to provide its needs and look up to them
if need arises. Any government committed to the grassroot should always allow the local
government to take part in the Iocal problems to be solved and the State and Federal should not
impose task on them.

The rest rural area in the local government should be devised to embark on communal effort
which leads to development

The central government cannot understand or be able to identify their problems and
affections of the rural dwellers only the community leaders can identify their problems because
it affect them all before taking step of looking for assistance from outside the community.
 5.3 RECOMMENDATION

The important of rural developn1ent should be emphases that is, the people should be
educated and chlorine should be created in people, they should be encourage to participate so
that they will not be ignorant of what is going on-in the community, If they are enlightened and
aware of the importance then they will be ready to assist in any development effort.

The function of the local government toward development should also be made know
especiai1y to the younger ones who are the, future leaders. If this is done, then.it will be easier
for the local government to develop the community or rural under it.

The federal and State should always try to assist the rural area when needed and the
allocation of resources should be done in such a when needed and allocation the rural areas in
terms of development.

The people in rural areas should be encouraged to contribute both financial and
materially towards their development as the saying goes “Charity begins at home”.

If the community members are willing to contribute, the State and then it will not be
difficult for community development to carry out their functions /jobs.

Finally, there should be actual devolution of authority which will give government both
the freedom to decide and implement their function assigned to them and the needed to
enhance the exclusion capacity of the local government administration in order to attract and
retain more competent and highly qualified personnel in the service.