Mantenimiento

Industrial

English Proyect

Members: Diego Betanso, Francisco Escobar.

Career: Ing. Mecánica en Mantenimiento Industrial
Subject:Inglés Mecánico
Teacher:Nathalie Torres Parra
Date: 08/07/2019
1 Introducción

Together with the company "BGM, service and constructions" works are being
carried out in an area of Concepción, in the Eighth Region of Chile, where
excavations are planned for a construction. For this work was intended to use a
team that already had several years on, this was a backhoe.
To the little advance of the channel the backhoe began to present failures, since
this was not able to raise the loading shovel, for which it was a critical fault for the
process, given which proceeded to analyze some possible failure, first of all, The
details of the team were the following:
Series: Caterpillar backhoe 320c
Max Speed Transport: 5.5 Km / H
Useful Weight: 21760 Kg
Hook pulling force 196 Kn
Track width: 2200 mm

And given the environmental conditions that conception presents, in addition to the
area in which the work is being carried out, they complicate the work due to the
intense rains that hit the city.
Development

After analyzing the equipment it is deduced that the problem is in the hydraulic
system, since this allows the activation of the force and pressure controls of the
machine, and the first thing that points is to a deficiency in its lubrication or failing
to a bad choice of the same, taking into account the type of equipment and the
functions performed, and all this leads to losing the operating conditions for it to
work properly, since the lack of lubricant causes excessive friction between the
elements.
There are other causes, among which we can find the cavitation of the pump, this
occurs when some part of the hydraulic system requires more fluid than it enters
the feed, this causes part of the fluid to evaporate, making bubbles, which
explodes erode metals , generating internal contamination of the system.
The problems that generate these failures are usually excessive heating of the
internal combustion engine, gradual or permanent decrease in the movement of
the machine, lower load capacity in the arm and abnormal noises in the pump.

The solutions for these problems are the following:

In case of engine cavitation it is necessary to check the anti cavitation valve
settings and the suction tubes.
And in case the failure is the oil, it is necessary to use a suitable type of oil, most
likely you have to use an oil with a good level of viscosity.
Conclusion

According to the data delivered by the machine the problem was due to poor
lubrication in the system which caused the engine to overheat because the loader
demanded a lot of pressure due to the weight that was loaded and not being
lubricating correctly that performed a lot of friction between the internal parts of the
equipment, causing it to progressively decay its performance.