REFERENCES

Bhaduri, D and Dasgupta, G., (1982). Report on Quaternary geological and geomorphological mapping
in parts of Sutlej basin, Simla, Kulu and Kinnaur districts(HP). Unpublished GSI report, F.S 1981-
82.

Blothe, J. H., Munach, H., Korup, O., Fulling, A., Garzanti, E., Resentini, A. and Kubik, P. W., (2014):
Late Quaternary valley infill and dissection in the Indus River, Western Tibetan Plateau margin.
Quaternary Science Review 94 (2014), pp-102-119.

Blöthe, J. H., Munack, H., Korup, O., Fülling, A., Garzanti, E., Resentini, A., & Kubik, P. W., (2014).
Late Quaternary valley infill and dissection in the Indus River, western Tibetan Plateau margin.
Quaternary Science Reviews, 94, pp102–119.

Blum, M.D. and Törnqvist, T., (2000). Fluvial response to climate and sea-level change: a review and
look forward. Sedimentology, 47 (Suppl.), 1, pp-248.
Bookhagen, B., Thiede, R.C., Strecker, M. R., (2005a). Abnormal monsoon years and their control on
erosion and sediment flux in the high, arid northwest Himalaya. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters 231, pp -131–146.
Bookhagen, B., Thiede, R. C. & Strecker, M. R., (2005b). Late Quaternary intensified monsoon 568
phases control landscape evolution in the northwest Himalaya. Geology, 33, pp-149–152.

Bull, W.B., (2009). Geomorphic Responses to Climatic Change. Blackburn Press. 326 pp.

Burgisser, H.M., and Gansser, A., (1982). Late Glacial lake sediments of the Indus valley area,
northwestern Himalayas. Eclogae geol. Helv, vol, 75/1, pp 51-63, Basle.

Chevalier, M.L., Ryerson, F.J., Tapponnier, P., Finkel, R.C., Van Der Woerd, J., Haibing, L. and Qing,
L., (2005). Slip-rate measurements on the Karakorum fault may imply secular variations in fault
motion. Science, 307(5708), pp.411-414.
Church, M. and Slaymaker, O., (1989). Disequilibrium of Holocene sediment yield in glaciated British
Columbia. Nature 337, pp-452–54.
Clift, P.D. and Blusztajn, J.S., (2005). Reorganization of the western Himalayan river system after five
million years ago. Nature 438 (7070), pp -1001–1003.
Dasgupta, G., (1982). Quaternary geology and geomorphology of a part of Satluj basin in parts of Simla,
Kulu, Kinnaur and Mandi districts, Himachal Prasesh. Unpublished GSI report, F.S 1981-82.
Dutta, S., Suresh, N. & Kumar, R (2012). Climatically controlled Late Quaternary terrace staircase
development in the fold- and -thrust belt of the Sub Himalaya. Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, pp 356-357, pp 16–27 (2012).
Fort, M., Burbank, D.W., Freytet, P., (1989). Lacustrine sedimentation in a semi-arid alpine setting: an
example from Ladakh, northwestern Himalaya. Quat. Res. 31, pp 332– 352.

Gansser, A., (1964). Geology of the Himalyas. Interscience Publishers, London, pp 273pp.
Guillot, S., Hattori, K.H. and de Sigoyer, J., (2000). Mantle wedge serpentinization and exhumation of
eclogites: insights from eastern Ladakh, northwest Himalaya. Geology, 28(3), pp.199-202.

Hodge, R. A., Hoey, T. B., & Sklar, L. S., (2011). Bed load transport in bedrock rivers: The role of
sediment cover in grain entrainment, translation, and deposition. Journal of Geophysical Research:
Earth Surface (2003–2012), 116(F4). JOUR.

Huang, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, F., (1989). A preliminary study of paleovegetation and palaeoclimate in the
later period of Late Pleistocene in the Bangong Co Lake region of Xigang. J. Nat. Resour. 4, 247–
253.

Jain, A.K. and Singh, S., (2008). Geology and Tectonics of the Southeastern Ladakh and Karakoram
Shear Zone: Constraints from field observations and U-Pb SHIRIMP ages. Tectonophysics, Vol.
451, pp 186-205.

Jain, A. K. and Sandeep Singh, (2009) Geology and Tectonic of the Southeastern Ladakh and
Karakoram Geological Society of India. pp 181.

Kotlia, B. S., Sanwal J., Phartiyal B., Joshi L. M., Trivedi A., Sharma C., (2010). Late Quaternary
climatic changes in the eastern Kumaun Himalaya, India, as deduced from multi-proxy studies.
Quaternary International 213 pp 44–55.

Lague, D., (2010). Reduction of long-term bedrock incision efficiency by short-term alluvial cover
intermittency. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115(2), pp 1–23.

Lal, R., Mujtaba, S.A.I., Pant, N.C., Saini, H.S., Bhattacharya, S., (2016). Timing, climate and
provenance of Spituklake deposit, Indus valley, Ladakh Himalaya. Geomorphology, manuscript
submitted.

Le Forte, P., (1975). Himalayas collided range-present knowledge of continental arc. American
journal of Science, A 275-1-44.

Mujtaba S.A.I., Saini, H.S and Bhattacharya S., (2012). Report on study of palaeoclimatic changes in
selected river basins of Northwest Himalaya: GSI unpub. Rep. 2012.

Mujtaba, S.A.I, Lal R, Saini, H.S and Pant, N.C, (2017). Evidence of Formation and Breaching of
Two Palaeo-lakes around Leh in Upper Indus Valley during Late Quaternary. Geological Society
of London Vol SP462, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP462.3.

Owen, L.A., Caffee, M.W., Bovard, K.R., Finkel, R.C. And Sharma, M.C., (2006). Terrestrial
cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dating of the oldest glacial successions in the Himalayan
orogen: Ladakh Range, northern India.Geological Society of America Bulletin, 118(3-4), pp.383-
392.

Pant, R.K., Padtare, N.R., Chamyal, L.S. and Juyal, N., (2005). Quaternary deposits in Ladakh and
Karakoram Himalayas: A treatise trove of the palaeoclimate record. Current Science 88 (11),
1789-1797.
Phartiyal, B., Sharma, A., Upadhyay, R. And Sinha, A.K., (2005). Quaternary geology, tectonics and
distribution of palaeo-and present fluvio/glacio lacustrine deposits in Ladakh, NW Indian
Himalaya-a study based on field observations. Geomorphology, 65(3), pp.241-256.

Phartiyal, B., Sharma, A., Nautiyal, C.M., (2010). Interpretation of the Apparent Ages in the Ladakh
and LahaulSpiti Quaternary Lacustrine Sediments. Geological Processes & Climate Change,
pages, pp 105-116.

Phartiyal, B., Sharma, A. And Kothrari, G.C., (2013). Damming of River Indus during Late
Quaternary in Ladakh Region of Trans-Himalaya, NW India: Implica-tions to Lake formation-
climate and tectonics. Chin Sci Bull (Chin Ver), 58(Suppl I), pp.142-155.

Phartiyal, B., Singh, R., & Kothyari, G. C. (2015). Late-quaternary geomorphic scenario due to changing
depositional regimes in the tangtse valley, Trans-Himalaya, NW India. Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 422, pp 11–24.

Rao, D. R. and Rai, H., (2006). Signatures of rift environment in the production of garnet amphibolites
and eclogites from Tso-Morari region, Ladakh, India: A geochemical study. Gondwana Research,
9(4), pp.512-523.

Sachan, H. K., Mukherjee, B.K., Ogasawara, Y., Maruyama, S., Ishida, H., Atsumi, M.U.K.O. and
Yoshioka, N., (2004). Discovery of coesite from Indus Suture Zone (ISZ), Ladakh, India. European
Journal of Mineralogy, 16(2), pp.235-240.

Sangode , S. J.,& Bagati T.N., (1995). Tectono-climatic signatures in High Himalayan Lakes: A
Palaeomagnetic/ Rock magnetic approach in the lacustrine sedimentsof Lamayuru, Ladakh ,
India. Him. Geol., 6(1), 51-60.

Sangode, S. J., Phadtare, N. R., Meshram, D. C., Rawat, S. and Suresh, N., (2011). A record of lake
outburst in the Indus valley of Ladakh Himalaya, India: Current Science, vol. 100, No. 11, 10,
2011.

Sangode, S. J., Rawat, Suman, Meshram, D. C., Phadtare, N. R., and Suresh, N., (2013). Integrated
mineral magnetic and lithological studies to delineate dynamic modes of depositional conditions
in the Leh valley Basin, Ladakh Himalaya, India.

Sant, D.A., Wadhwan, S.K., Ganjoo, R.K., Basavaiah, N., Sukumaran, P. and Bhattacharya, S., (2011a).
Morphostratigraphy and palaeoclimate appraisal of the Leh valley, Ladakh Himalayas, India. Jour.
Geol. Soc. India, v.77, pp. 499-510.

Sant, D.A., Wadhwan, S.K., Ganjoo, R.K., Basavaiah, N., Sukumaran, P. and Bhattacharya, S., (2011b).
Linkage of paraglacial processes from last glacial to recent inferred from Spituk sequence, Leh
valley, Ladakh Himalaya. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.78, pp.147-156.

Sharm, K., (1992) Petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of the Ladakh Batholith and its role in the
evolution of Ladakh magmatic arc. In: K.K. Sharma (Ed.) Geology and Geodynamic Evolution of
the Himalayan Collision Zone, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, v. 17(20), pp. 173-194.
Sinha, S., Suresh, N., Kumar, R., Dutta, S., Arora, B.R., (2010). Sedimentologic and geomorphic studies
on the quaternary alluvial fan and terrace deposits along the Ganga exit. Quaternary International
227, 87–113.
Somnath, Shali A.K., Thappa, B.D. and Uppal, S.C. Final report on Quaternary geological and
geomorphological studies of Damchok-Hanle-Taru Phu belt in Upper Indus basin, Leh district,
J&K. Upublished GSI report, F.S 1997-98 &1998-99.

Starkel, L., (2003). Climatically controlled terraces in uplifting mountain areas, 22, 2189–2198.
Schumm, S.A., 2005. River Variability and Complexity. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Thakur, V.C., Rawat, B.S., 1992. Geologic Map of Western Himalaya, Scale 1:1,000,000. Wadia
Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, India.

Thanh, N.X., Sajeev, K., Itaya, 2011. Multiple garnet growth in garnet–kyanite–staurolite gneiss,
Pangong metamorphic complex, Ladakh Himalaya: New constraints on tectonic setting Lithos 127,
p 552–563.

Thappa, B.D., Somnath, Shali, A.K., (2000). Report on Quaternary geological and geomorphological
studies of Demchok-Hanle-Kidmang belt in upper Indus Basin, Leh district, J&K. Upublished
GSI report, F.S 1997-98.

Wake, C. P., and Mayewski, P.A., (1996). Himalayan interdisciplinary palaeolcimatic project: Science
and implementation plan. PAGES Workshop Report series, 960-1, 96p.

Whipple, K.X., Tucker, G.E., (1999). Dynamics of the stream-power river incision model: implications
for the height limits of mountain ranges, landscape response timescales, and research needs. Journal
of Geophysical Research 104 (B8), 17661–17674.

Wadia, D. N., (1957). Geology of India. Mc Millan & Co Ltd. London 385p.