ELACION, ISAIAH LEE L.

BSECE-5A

1. Coaxial Cable - is commonly used by cable operators, telephone companies, and

internet providers around the world to convey data, video, and voice communications
to customers. It has also been used extensively within homes.

Coaxial cable is a type of cable that has an inner conductor surrounded by an insulating
layer, surrounded by a conductive shielding. It has been around for a long time as a
technology (since the early 20th century) and has many singular advantages for
reliable, accurate transmission.

There are two main types of coaxial cables – ones with an impedance of 75 Ohm (Ω)
and ones with an impedance of 50 Ohm. Cables with 75 Ohm are mostly used for video
signals, while 50 Ohm cables tend to be used for data and wireless communications.
In coaxial cables, Ohm refers to the impedance, which is the measure of resistance in
the cable to the flow of electrical energy.

2. Unshielded Twisted Pair - this is one of the least expensive wires and works for basic
needs of phone systems so it is one of the most commonly installed in residential
industries.

Inside a UTP cable is up to four twisted pairs of copper wires, enclosed in a protective
plastic cover, with the greater number of pairs corresponding to more bandwidth. The
two individual wires in a single pair are twisted around each other, and then the pairs
are twisted around each other, as well. This is done to
reduce crosstalk and electromagnetic interference, each of which can degrade network
performance. Each signal on a twisted pair requires both wires.

The two wires in each pair carry opposite signals. Each signal detected as the opposite
end when the signal reaches the receiver. Twisting the pairs together is how the effects
of crosstalk are counted. Each wire in the UTP cable model has four parts. The
conductor and the insulator are parts of the wire itself. The third part is the twisted unit.
This twisted unit will have two wires; each one will have a conductor and an insulator.

3. Shielded Twisted Pair – is a type of copper telephone wiring in which each of the two
copper wires that are twisted together are coated with an insulating coating that
functions as a ground for the wires. The extra covering in shielded twisted pair wiring
protects the transmission line from electromagnetic interference leaking into or out of
the cable. STP cabling often is used in Ethernet networks especially fast data rate
Ethernets.
UTP and STP are the types of twisted pair cables which act as a transmission medium
and imparts reliable connectivity of electronic equipment. Although the design and
manufacture are different but both serve the same purpose.
The basic difference between UTP and STP is UTP is a cable with wires that are twisted
together to reduce noise and crosstalk. On the contrary, STP is a twisted pair cable
confined in foil or mesh shield that provides greater protection from electromagnetic
interference and radio frequency interference.