EDUCATION POLICY - II

• SCHOOL EDUCATION
• NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY
• ASER 2018
• ECONOMIC SURVEY Indicators
• RTE AMENDMENT 2019
 RIGHT TO EDUCATION

• Basics –
• Fundamental Right under Art. 21 A, 86th C.A. 2002
• Supplemented by RTE Act, 2009
• Applicable to all schools except religious/minority schools
• No legal action parents to stop child from going to school
• EWS criteria for those who cannot pay
• 25% Reservation in private schools as education
• States can add certain criteria to suit local conditions
 RTE – ANALYSIS
PROBLEM SOLUTION
COVERS ONLY 6-14 YEARS • DNEP: TO COVER 3-18 YEARS
• INCLUDE ECCE

NO DETENTION POLICY • RTE SECOND AMENDMENT Act, 2019

NO FOCUS ON LEARNING • DEVELOPED IN FEB 2017

OUTCOMES
EWS NOT IMPLEMENTED • NO STRICT PENALISING PROVISIONS
PROPERLY
 MHRD

School Edu & Higher

Literacy Education

Basic Elementary Regulatory Advancement

Universalization Institutions
 RTE – ANALYSIS
PROBLEM SOLUTION
COVERS ONLY 6-14 YEARS • DNEP: TO COVER 3-18 YEARS
• INCLUDE ECCE

NO DETENTION POLICY • RTE SECOND AMENDMENT BILL, 2017

NO FOCUS ON LEARNING • DEVELOPED IN FEB, 2017

OUTCOMES

EWS NOT IMPLEMENTED • NO STRICT PENALISING PROVISIONS

PROPERLY
 EDUCATION DATA SET - 1
SDG GOALS (2030 Deadline) INDIA’S Current Status

Universal and qualitative primary and Elementary GER: 94%

secondary education Secondary GER: 80%
Universal Higher and Technical Education Higher Education GER: 25%
Removing gender and vulnerable section Overall improvement in Gender but ST
disparities needs attention
Universal Literacy and Numeracy National Average: 73%
Men: 81%
Women: 65%
 EDUCATION DATA SET - II

• UN HDI –
• India ranks 130 out of 180 countries
• Niti Aayog – SDG India Index – Measure states’ performance
• Kerala and Tamil Nadu at the top
• Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh at the bottom

• India spends 3% of her GDP on Education

• (Recommended 6% as per the New Draft National Education
Policy)
• Introduction: Impact Data/Recent Developments

1.Equity 2.Access 3.Excellence

• Gender • Caste • Beneficiary

• Location • Religion • Provider
• Affordability • Solution • Facilitator
• Solution • Solution

• Conclusion: Solution/Why is the sector important towards nation building

 SCHOOL
EDUCATION
EDUCATION AND GENDER
PROBLEM DATA SOLUTION

• Inclusion • Girls > Boys in • Beti Bachao Beti Padhao

• Sensitization Govt Schools • Sukanya Samridhi Yojana
• Boys > Girls in • Conditional Cash Transfers
Private • West Bengal, Maharashtra,
Schools Uttarakhand
• 97% Coed
schools
• Declining sex
ratio to 918 in
2011
EDUCATION AND LOCATION
PROBLEM DATA SOLUTION

• Toilets • 25% govt • RTE Guidelines

• Essential Infra schools do • School Complex (NEP)
not have • one secondary school
toilets (9-12)
• 85% Rural • All others (till 8)
and 15% • Integrate Anganwadis,
Urban Vocation, Adult
Education
EDUCATION AND AFFORDABILITY

Problem Data Solution

• Hidden • 75% Govt & • Budget

Charges in 25% Private Private
govt schools Schools
• Heavy private • Empowering
school fees govt schools
EDUCATION AND RELIGION

Problem Data Solution

•Quality of • Art 28 •SPQEM

teaching at • Lower
religious literacy and
minority higher drop
schools out rates
EDUCATION AND CASTE

Problem Data Solution

• Grassroot • Art 17 • Residential

Discrimination • 51% Dropout Schools
rates among
Dalit Children
 SCHOOLS

EXCELLENCE TEACHERS

GOVT.
SCHOOL REFORMS:
• PROBLEMS:
• Substandard pedagogy.
• Does not address early learning and development needs of students
• Solely focuses on rote learning of facts and procedures
• Force students to concentrate only on a few subjects,
• Do not test learning in a formative manner,
• Cause stress among students.

DATA: (ASER 2018)

• 25% of Class III students cannot perform functions of Class II
• 25% of Class VIII students cannot perform reading functions of Class II
 SOLUTIONS
• Suggestions: (NEP)
• two-part curriculum for early childhood care and education.
• guidelines for up to three-year-old children (for parents and teachers)
• educational framework for three to eight-year-old children
• This would be implemented by improving and expanding the anganwadi system and
co-locating angan-wadis with primary schools.
• Solutions: (NEP)
• This would consist of a 5-3-3-4 design comprising: (NEP)
• (i) five years of foundational stage (three years of pre-primary school and classes 1
and 2),
• (ii) three years of preparatory stage (classes 3-5 ),
• (iii) three years of middle stage (classes 6-8), and
• (iv) four years of secondary stage (classes 9 -12)
• curriculum load in each subject should be reduced to its essential core
content. (NEP)
• RTE Rules, Feb 2017 : developing class and subject learning outcomes
Exam Reforms

• Solutions:
• NEP
• State Census Examinations in classes three, five and eight.
• Restructuring the board examinations to test only core concepts, skills and higher
order capacities.
• These board examinations will be on a range of subjects.
• The students can choose their subjects, and the semester when they want to take
these board exams.
• The in-school final examinations may be replaced by these board examinations.

• RTE Amendment, 2019 – No Detention Policy

• State level testing in Class V and VIII
 Problems:
• steep rise in teacher shortage,
• Lack of professionally qualified
teachers, and
Teacher
• deployment of teachers for non-
Management educational purposes
• Teacher absenteeism

Data
• 9.08 Lakh Teacher Vacancies despite
6.5 lakh available teachers
 Teacher Solutions
• Solutions: (NEP)
• Fixed tenure at a complex for 5-7 years
• Non - participation in any non-teaching activities
• A four-year integrated B.Ed. program that combines high-quality content,
pedagogy, and practical training.
• An integrated continuous professional development will also be developed for all
subjects.
• Teachers will be required to complete a minimum of 50 hours of continuous
professional development training every year.
 Regulation of Schools:

• Problems:
• Overlapping policymaking, school operations, and academic development.
• Solutions:
• Independent State School Regulatory Authority for each state that will prescribe
basic uniform standards for public and private schools.
• The Department of Education of the State will formulate policy and conduct
monitoring and supervision.
 Government Initiatives:

• Swayam: Self learning e portal

• UDISE + : Unified District Information on School
Education
• Shaala-siddhi: Self evaluation portal for schools
• E-paathshaala: e-learning material
• Saransh: CBSE Initiative for self review by
schools
• Samargra Shiksha Abhiyaan
 Samagra Shiksha Abhiyaan
TITLE OBJECTIVES FINANCES ELIGIBLITY INSTITUTION/
COMMITTEE
FORMED/SPE
CIAL
REMARKS -
Samagra 1.Better quality of education •Centrally Sponsored Pre-nursery to •Uniform and
Shiksha 2.Decreasing Gender and Social Gaps Scheme XII Transport
Abhiyaan 3.Minimum standards of schooling •[100% Centrally Support
(Integrates - 4.Promotion of vocational education Sponsored for UT’s without •Support for
•Sarva Shikha 5.Supporting States to better legislatures Teacher
Abhiyaan (SSA) implement RTE •90:10 for all 8 North Salaries
•Rashtriya 6.Upgrading State Education institutes Eastern States & 3
Madhyamik to nodal agencies for teacher training Himalayan States (J&K,
Shiksha 7.Supporting Swachh Vidyalaya UK, HP)
Abhiyaan •60:40 for the rest]
(RMSA)
•Teacher Focus Areas - Teachers and
Education (TE) } Technology (T and T)
 National Testing Agency
• Estd. 2018.
• Autonomous : Conducts Standardized Computer Based Entrance Tests
• Current Tests:
• JEE Main
• NEET
• CMAT
• GPAT
• UGC-NET
• NCHM JEE
• DU
 REGULATION
HIGHER
EDUCATION
DATA SETS
TYPES OF HEI’s:
• Universities (993)
•
•
Central
State
IOE
• Private
• Deemed

• Colleges (41901)

• Standalone (10726)
• Polytechnics etc.
INI
 REGULATION and Data Sets of HE

• Regulation and Accreditation

• UGC : NAAC
• AICTE : NBA
• MHRD : INI
• Independent Professional Regulatory Bodies such as BCI, MCI etc.
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