AIRCRAFT

HANDTOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Hand Tools: Measuring and Lay out Tools
Tape Measure
Plastic or metal case, appropriate for general scenic measuring
Tri Square
Used as a guide for marking 90-degree angles

Combination Square
Used for marking 45- and 90-degree angles

Bevel Protractor
Adjustable and used for marking 0 to 90-
degree angles
Hand Tools: Measuring and Lay out Tools
Framing Square
Used for checking accuracy of 90-degree corner joints in flat
construction

Bevel Set
Used for transferring angles from one piece of work to another

Scribe
Used with layout dye to mark reference points on a material
Hand Tools: Measuring and Lay out Tools
Divider
Used to lay out circles and arcs on your work.

Thickness Gauge
Used to measure clearances between two surfaces, such as a
piston ring's fit in a ring groove or its end gap clearance
Hand Tools: Measuring Tools
Vernier Caliper
used to measure diameter and thickness.

Micrometer Caliper
used to measure the thickness of sheet metal,
the out-of-roundness of cylindrical objects
such as piston pins, and the degree of stretch
of valve stems.
Hand Tools: Hammers
Claw Hammer
Designed for inserting and removing
nails
Rip Hammer
Can be used for prying or ripping apart
previously nailed wood
Ball Peen Hammer
Used for bending and shaping metal and
seating rivets
Hand Tools: Hammers
Mechanic’s Hammer
Used for shaping metal
Tack Hammer
Used for inserting tacks, the face is
magnetized to hold tacks in place
Mallet
Wooden, plastic, or metal head, they are
used for driving chisels
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Saws
Crosscut Saw
Used to cut across the grain of wood
Rip Saw
Designed to cut parallel with the grain of
the wood
Backsaw and Miter Box
Fine-toothed crosscut saw, used with the
miter box for more accurate cuts
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Saws
Keyhole Saw
Used for making curvilinear cuts in stock
lumber
Coping Saw
Used for making fine, curvilinear cuts in thin
plywood
Hacksaw
Adjustable frame saw for cutting metal
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Utility Knife
Used to trim excess muslin from the edges of
flats as well as to cut out stencils and other
lightweight cutting projects
Scissors
Used to cut papers and fabrics
Tin Snips
Used to cut thin ferrous and nonferrous strap
and sheet metals
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools

Wood Chisel
Used for gouging, paring, or smoothing wood

Cold Chisel
Used for cutting through, or shearing, mild
steel and nonferrous metals
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Planes

Block Plane
Used to smooth the ends (across the
grain) of boards

Smoothing Plane
Applied parallel to the grain of the wood
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Planes
Spoke Shave
Pulled across the surface of the work and
used to soften or round sharp edges

Surform Tools
Not really a plane or a file, they are
pushed across the work, cross-grain or
parallel
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Files

Wood Rasp
Used for rough shaping of wood

Wood File
Used for smoothing wooden and plastic
surfaces
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Files

Rat-Tail File
Can be used with wood, plastic, and metal

Metal File
Has very fine teeth for use on metal
Hand Tools: Drilling Tools
Hand Drill
Used for making small-diameter holes in wood

Brace
Used for holes larger than ¼ inch in diameter

Push Drill
Designed for light usage, it can be useful for
making starter holes
Hand Tools: Drilling Tools
Bits
Twist-Drill Bits
Designed for use with either wood or metal
Wood Bits
Designed for use in wood or soft plastic, used
with power hand drills or drill presses
Auger Bits
Used with the brace for cutting holes in wood
Hand Tools: Drilling Tools
Bits

Push-Drill Bits
Very sharp points that seem to punch rather
than drill holes in wood

Hole Saws
Used to center the saw in the work
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools

Carpenter’s Vice
Attached to the edge of a workbench, used for
holding wood

Machinist’s Vice
Used to clamp and hold metal

Adjustable Wood Clamp

Used in furniture construction
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools

Pipe Clamp
Used to clamp furniture frames, table tops, and
similar wide objects together while their glue joints
dry

Belt Clamp
Used to clamp irregularly shaped pieces
together
C Clamp
Used for holding work together while the parts
are being assembled or while glue dries
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
Pliers
Slip-Joint Pliers
Used for clamping, gripping, bending, cutting light
wire
Long-Nose Pliers
Useful for holding small objects in hard-to-reach
places
Adjustable Arc-Joint Pliers
Used for holding metal pipe and tubing and other
similar gripping jobs
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
Pliers
Locking Pliers
“Vise Grip” Used to grasp, lock, and hold almost any object
Diagonal Cutters
Used by electricians for cutting soft wire
Wire Strippers
Used for stripping insulation for electrical wires

Wire-Crimping Tool
Used to pressure-clamp solderless connectors to electrical wire
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
Wrenches
Open-End Wrench
Designed to fit nuts of specific standard or metric diameter
Box-End Wrench
Have a closed, toothed head that must be fit over the nut
Adjustable-End Wrench
“Crescent Wrench” It adapts to fit any small to medium sized nut
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
Wrenches
Monkey Wrench
Adjustable, used on large nuts and other work
too large for the crescent wrench

Pipe Wrench
Used to hold or twist metal pipes
Socket Set and Ratchet Handle
Allows you to tighten and loosen nuts without
removing the socket from the nut
Hand Tools: Screwdrivers
Standard Screwdriver
Available in a variety of sizes

Philips Screwdriver
Four-flanged tip allows for more rotational
force

Nut Driver
Used for tightening small hex nuts on bolts
Hand Tools: Metalworking Hand Tools

Anvil
Used for bending metal

Conduit Bender
Used to bend thin-wall conduit

Center Punch
Used to make small indentations in metal, starter holes
Hand Tools: Metalworking Hand Tools
Bolt Cutter
Used to cut through mild-steel bolts and round stock

Pipe Cutter
Used to make clean, right-angle cuts through steel pipe
Tap and Dies
Used to cut threads on pipe and rod stock
Power Tools: Power Drilling Tools
Drill Press
Used to polish and sand as well as cut mortise and tenon joints
for furniture construction

Electric Hand Drill

Used for light-duty drilling on lumber and light metals

Heavy-Duty Hand Drill

Used for heavier work, such as thick wood, thick mild steel, and
concrete