REMOTE SENSING

RESUME : SATELLITE IMAGERY

By:
HILMA WASILAH R
03311740000044
TEKNIK GEOMATIKA

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER

SURABAYA
2019
 Satellite imagery (also Earth observation imagery or spaceborne photography)
are images of Earth or other planets collected by imaging satellites operated by governments
and businesses around the world.

Quickbird
DigitalGlobe’s QuickBird satellite offers sub-meter resolution imagery. Previously at
an operational altitude of 482 km, QuickBird is currently operating at an altitude of 450 km
and will continue in an gradual descent until its end of mission life at an altitude of 300 km.
QuickBird provides commercial imagery at 0.61 m (PAN) and at 2.4 m (MS) resolution. A
successful launch of QuickBird took place on Oct. 18, 2001 on a Delta-2 vehicle of Boeing
from Vandenberg Air Force Base, USA.
The satellite collected panchromatic (black and white) imagery at 61 centimeter
resolution and multispectral imagery at 2.44- (at 450 km) to 1.63-meter (at 300 km) resolution,
as orbit altitude is lowered during the end of mission life. At this resolution, detail such as
buildings and other infrastructure are easily visible. However, this resolution is insufficient for
working with smaller objects such as a license plate on a car. The imagery can be imported into
remote sensing image processing software, as well as into GIS packages for analysis.

Sentinel
Sentinel-2A satellite sensor was successfully launched on June 23, 2015 at 03.51:58 am
CEST from a Vega launcher fom the spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana. Sentinel-2A satellite
is the first optical Earth observation satellite in the European Copernicus programme and was
developed and built under the industrial leadership of Airbus Defence and Space for the
European Space Agency (ESA). Sentinel-2A satellite image data will support:

 Generic land cover, land use and change detection maps

 Maps of geophysical variables for leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf water
content
The span of 13 spectral bands, from the visible and the near-infrared to the shortwave
infrared at different spatial resolutions ranging from 10 to 60 meters on the ground, takes global
land monitoring to an unprecedented level. The four bands at 10 meter resolution ensure
continuity with missions such as SPOT-5 or Landsat-8 and address user requirements, in
particular, for basic land-cover classification. The six bands at 20 meter resolution satisfy
requirements for enhanced land-cover classification and for the retrieval of geophysical
parameters. Bands at 60 meter are dedicated mainly to atmospheric corrections and cirrus-cloud
screening. Sentinel-2A satellite is the first civil optical Earth observation mission of its kind to
include three bands in the ‘red edge', which provide key information on the vegetation state.
Sentinel-2A satellite will be able to see very early changes in plant health due to its high
temporal, spatial resolution and 3 red edge bands. This is particularly useful for the end users
and policy makers for agriculture applications and to detect early signs of food shortages in
developing countries.
GeoEye
The GeoEye-1 satellite sensor was successfully launched on September 6, 2008. The
satellite, which was launched at Vanderberg Air Force Base, California, provides a resolution
of 0.46 meters. GeoEye-1 is capable of acquiring image data at 0.46 meter panchromatic
(B&W) and 1.84 meter multispectral resolution. It also features a revisit time of less than three
days, as well as the ability to locate an object within just three meters of its physical location.
The GeoEye-1 satellite sensor features the most sophisticated technology ever used in a
commercial remote sensing system. This sensor is optimized for large projects, as it can
produce over 350,000 square kilometers of pan-sharpened multispectral satellite imagery every
day. GeoEye-1 has been flying at an altitude of about 681 kilometers and is capable of
producing imagery with a ground sampling distance of 46 centimeters, meaning it can detect
objects of that diameter or greater. During late summer of 2013 the orbit altitude of the GeoEye-
1 satellite sensor was raised to 770 Km/ 478 Miles. GeoEye-1 new nadir ground sample
distance (GSD) is 46cm compared to the previous GSD of 41cm.

SPOT
The 3 SPOT satellites in orbit (Spot 5, 6, 7) provide very high resolution images – 1.5
m for Panchromatic channel, 6m for Multi-spectral (R,G,B,NIR). Spot Image also distributes
multiresolution data from other optical satellites, in particular from Formosat-2 (Taiwan) and
Kompsat-2 (South Korea) and from radar satellites (TerraSar-X, ERS, Envisat, Radarsat). Spot
Image is also the exclusive distributor of data from the high resolution Pleiades satellites with
a resolution of 0.50 meter or about 20 inches. The launches occurred in 2011 and 2012,
respectively. The company also offers infrastructures for receiving and processing, as well as
added value options.
It has been designed to improve the knowledge and management of the Earth by
exploring the Earth's resources, detecting and forecasting phenomena involving climatology
and oceanography, and monitoring human activities and natural phenomena. The SPOT system
includes a series of satellites and ground control resources for satellite control and
programming, image production, and distribution.