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RSITK Of CALIFORNIA LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
 EUTROP1US'

HISTORY OF ROME.

■
 JOHN S. PttELl.

Civil & Mechanical Engineer^

SAJN FRANCISCO, CAL.

SEVEN BOOKS

OP THE

HISTORY OF ROME

BY EUTROPIUS.

WITH A DOUBLE TRANSLATION

FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS

ON THE HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM.

THE TEXT AND THE TRANSLATIONS REPEATED SEPARATELY,

TO FURNISH EXERCISES FOR PUPILS.

JOHN S. PRELL

Civil & Mechanical Engineer.

SAN FRANCISCO, CXL.

LONDON :
HUNT AND CLARKE, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
1827.
 GIFT

PRINTED BY A. J. T4LPY,
BED UON COUBT, FLEE1 ltKEET.
 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

LIBER PRIMUS.

Romanum imperium, quo neque ab exordio ullum

fere minus, neque incrementis toto orbe amplius,
humana potest memoria recordari, a Romulo exor
dium habet; qui, Vestalis virginis filius, et, quantum
putatus est, Martis, cum Remo fratre uno partu
editus est. Is, cum inter pastores latrocinaretur,
octodecim annos natus, urbem exiguam in Palatino
monte constituit, undecimo calendas Maias, Olym-
piadis sextae anno tertio, post Trojae excidium tre-
centesimo nonagesimo quarto.
Condita civitate, quam ex nomine suo Romam
vocavit, ha3C fere egit : multitudinem finitimorum
in civitatem recepit ; centum ex senioribus elegit,
quorum consilio omnia ageret, quos Senatores nomi-
navit propter senectutem. Tunc, cum uxores ipse
et populus non haberent, invitavit ad spectaculum
ludorum, vicinas urbi, nationes, atque earum virgines
rapuit. Commotis bellis propter raptarum injuriam,
Caeninenses vicit, Antemnates, Crustuminos, Sabi-
nos, Fidenates, Veientes : haec omnia oppida urbem
cingunt. Et cum, orta subitd tempestate, non com-
a

M7T7194
2 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

paruisset, anno regni tricesimo septimo, ad deos

transisse creditus, consecratus est. Deinde Romae
per quinos dies senatores imperaverunt ; et, his reg-
nantibus, annus unus completus est.
Postea Numa Pompilius rex creatus est, qui bel-
lum nullum quidem gessit, sed non minus civitati,
quam Romulus, profuit ; nam et leges Romanis mo-
resque constituit, qui consuetudine praeliorum jam
latrones ac semibarbari putabantur ; annum de-
scripsit in decem menses, prius sine aliqua computa
tion confusum ; et infinita Romae sacra ac templa
constituit. Morbo decessit quadragesimo tertio im
perii anno.
Huic successit Tullus Hostilius. Hic bella repa-
ravit ; Albanos vicit, qui ab urbe Roma duodecimo
milliario absunt : Veientes et Fidenates, quorum alii
sexto milliario absunt ab urbe Romana, alii octavo
decimo, bello superavit ; urbem ampliavit, adjecto
Caelio monte. Cum triginta duobus annis regnasset,
fulmine ictus, cum domo sua arsit.
Post hunc Ancus Marcius, Numae ex filia nepos,
suscepit imperium. Contra Latinos dimicavit;
Aventinum montem civitati adjecit et Janiculum ;
Ostiam, civitatem supra mare sexto decimo milli
ario ab urbe Roma, condidit. Vicesimo quarto anno
imperii morbo periit.
Deinde regnum Priscus Tarquinius accepit. Hie
numerum senatorum duplicavit ; circum Romae aedi-
ficavit ; ludos Romanos instituit, qui ad nostram me-
moriam permanent. Vicit idem etiam Sabinos ; et
non parum agrorum, sublatum iisdem, urbis Romae
territorio adjunxit : primusque triumphans urbem
 LIBER PRIMUS. 3

intravit. Muros fecit et cloacas ; capitolium incho-

avit. Tricesimo octavo imperii anno per Anci filios
occisus est, regis ejus, cui ipse successerat.
Post hunc Servius Tullius suscepit imperium, ge-
nitus ex nobili foemina, captiva tamen et ancilla.
Hic quoque Sabinos subegit; montes tres, Quiri-
nalem, Viminalem, Esquilinum, urbi adjunxit; fossas
circum murum duxit. Primus omnium censum ordi-
navit, qui adhuc per orbem terrarum incognitus erat.
Sub eo Roma, omnibus in censum delatis, habuit
capitum octoginta quatuor millia civium Romanorum,
cum his qui in agris erant. Occisus est quadrage-
simo quinto imperii anno, scelere generi sui Tarqui-
nii Superbi, filii ejus regis, cui ipse successerat, et
filiae suae, quam Tarquinius habebat uxorem.
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, Septimus atque ulti-
mus regum, Volscos, quae gens ad Campaniam
euntibus non longe ab urbe est, vicit; Gabios
civitatem et Suessam Pometiam subegit; cum
Thuscis pacem fecit ; et templum Jovi in capitolio
aedificavit. Postea, Ardeam oppugnans, in octavo
decimo milliario ab urbe positam civitatem, imperium
perdidit. Nam cum filius ejus, et ipse Tarquinius
junior, nobilissimi Collatini uxorem stuprasset, eaque
de injuria marito, et patri et amicis questa fuisset, in
omnium conspectu se occidit : propter quam causam
Brutus, parens, et ipse Collatinus populum concitavit,
et Tarquinio ademit imperium. Mox exercitus quo
que eum, qui civitatem Ardeam cum ipso rege op-
pugnabat, reliquit ; veniensque ad urbem rex, portis
clausis, exclusus est. Cumque imperasset annos
viginti quinque, cum uxore et liberis suis fugit.
A EUTROPII HISTOR1A.

Ita Romae regnatum est per septem reges annis

ducentis quadraginta tribus, ctim adhuc Roma, ubi
plurimum, vix usque ad quintum decimum millia-
rium, possideret. :
Hinc consules coepere, pro uno rege, duo hac causa
creari ; ut, si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum,
habens potestatem similem, coerceret. Et placuit,
ne imperium longius, quam annum, haberent ; ne
per diuturnitatem potestatis insolentiores redderentur,
sed civiles semper essent, qui se post annum scirent
futuros esse privatos.
Fuerunt igitur anno primo, expulsis regibus, con
sules Lucius Junius Brutus, qui maxime egerat ut
Tarquinius pelleretur, et Tarquinius Collatinus,
maritus Lucretiae. Sed Tarquinio Collatino statim
sublata dignitas est ; placuerat enim, ne quisquam
in urbe maneret, qui Tarquinius vocaretur. Ergo,
accepto omni patrimonio suo, ex urbe migravit ; et
loco ipsius factus est Valerius Publicola consul.
Commovit tamen bellum urbi Romanae rex Tar
quinius, qui fuerat expulsus, et collectis undique
multis gentibus, ut in regnum posset restitui, dimi-
cavit. In prima pugna Brutus et Aruns, Tarquinii
filius, invicem se occiderunt. Romani tamen ex
ea pugna victores recesserunt. Brutum Romanae
matronae, defensorem pudicitiae suae, quasi commu-
nem patrem, per annum luxerunt. Valerius Publi
cola Spurium Lucretium Tricipitinum collegam sibi
fecit, Lucretiae patrem ; quo morbo mortuo, iterum
Horatium Pulvillum collegam sibi sumpsit.
Ita primus annus quinque consules habuit ; cum
Tarquinius Collatinus urbe cessisset propter nomen,
 LIBER PRIMUS. 5

Brutus praelio periisset, Spurius Lucretius morbo

mortuus esset.
Secundo quoque anno iterum Tarquinius, ut recir
peretur in regnum, bellum Romanis intulit, auxilium
ei ferente Porsena, Thusciae rege, et Romam pene
cepit. Verum tum quoque victus est.
Tertio anno post reges exactos, Tarquinius, cum
suscipi non posset in regnum, neque ei Porsena,
qui pacem cum Romanis fecerat, auxilium praestaret,
Tusculum se contulit, quae civitas non longe ab urbe
est ; atque ibi per quatuordecim annos privatus cum
uxore persenuit. . :
Quarto anno post reges exactos, cum Sabini Ro
manis bellum intulissent, victi sunt ; et de his est
triumphatum.
Quinto anno Lucius Valerius, ille Bruti collega et
quartum consul, fataliter mortuus est ; aded pauper,
ut, collatis a populo nummis, sumptum habuerit
sepulture, quem matronae, sicut Brutum, annum
luxerunt.. ....
Nono anno post reges exactos, cum gener Tar-
quinii, ad injuriam soceri vindicandam, ingentem
collegisset exercitum, nova Romae dignitas est creata,
quae Dictatura appellatur, major quam consulatus.
Eodem anno etiam magister equitum factus est, qui
dictatori obsequeretur. Dictator autem Romae pri
mus fuit Lartius ; magister equitum primus, Spurius
Cassius.
Sextodecimo anno post reges exactos, seditionem
populus Romae fecit, tanquam a senatu atque con-
sulibus premeretur. Tum et ipse sibi tribunos.
plebis, quasi proprios judices et defensores, crea
6 BUTBOP1I HISTORIA.

vit, per quos contra senatum et consules tutus esse

posset.
Sequenti anno Volsci contra Romanos bellum re-
paraverunt ; et, victi acie, etiam Coriolos, civitatem
quam habebant optimam, perdiderunt.
Octavo decimo anno postquam reges ejecti erant,
expulsus ex urbe, Quintius Marcius, dux Roma-
norum, qui Coriolos ceperat, Volscorum civitatem,
ad ipsos Volscos contendit iratus ; et auxilia contra
Romanos accepit. Romanos saepe vicit ; usque ad
quintum milliarium urbis accessit, oppugnaturus
etiam patriam suam, legatis qui pacem petebant
repudiatis, nisi ad eum mater Veturia et uxor Vo-
lumnia ex urbe venissent, quarum fletu et depre-
catione superatus, removit exercitum. Atque hic
secundus post Tarquinium fuit, qui dux contra
patriam suam esset.
Caesone Fabio et Tito Virginio consulibus, tre-
centi nobiles homines, qui ex Fabia. familia erant,
contra Veientes bellum soli susceperunt, promit-
tentes senatui et populo per se omne certamen im-
plendum. Itaque profecti omnes nobiles, et qui
singuli magnorum exercituum duces esse deberent,
in praelio conciderunt. Unus omnino superfuit ex
tanta familia, qui propter aetatem puerilem duci non
potuerat ad pugnam. Post haec census in urbe ha
bitus est, et inventa sunt civium capitum centum
novemdecim millia.
Sequenti anno, cum in Algido monte ab urbe duo
decimo ferme milliario Romanus obsideretur exer-
citus, Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus dictator est
factus ; qui, agrum quatuor jugerum possidens, ma
 LIBER PRIMUS. 7

nibus suis colebat. Is, cum in opere et arans esset

inventus, sudore deterso, togam praetextam accepit;
et, caesis hostibus, liberavit exercitum.
Anno trecentesimo et altero ab urbe condita, im-
perium consulare cessavit ; et pro duobus consulibus
decem facti sunt, qui summam potestatem haberent,
Decemviri nominati. Sed cum primo anno bene
egissent, secundo unus ex iis, Appius Claudius, Vir-
ginii cujusdam, qui honestis jam stipendiis contra
Latinos in monte Algido militabat, filiam virginem
corrumpere voluit, quam pater occidit, ne stuprum
a decemviro sustineret; et, regressus ad milites,
movit tumultum. Sublata est decemviris potestas,
ipsique damnati sunt.
Anno trecentesimo decimo quinto ab urbe con
ditio, Fidenates contra Romanos rebellaverunt. Auxi-
lium praestabant his Veientes et, rex Veientium,
Tolumnius; quae ambae civitates tam vicinae urbi
sunt, ut Fidenae septimo, Veientes octavo decimo
milliario, absint. Conjunxerunt se his et Volsci ; sed
Marco iEmilio dictatore, Lucio Quintio Cincinnato
magistro equitum, victi, etiam regem perdiderunt.
Fidenae captae et excisae. Post viginti inde annos,
Veientani rebellaverunt. Dictator contra ipsos mis
sus est Furius Camillus, qui primum vicit eos acie ;
mox etiam civitatem diu obsidens cepit, antiquissi-
mam Italiaeque ditissimam. Post eam cepit et Fa-
liscos, non minus nobilem civitatem. Sed commota
est ei invidia, quasi pradam male divisisset ; dam-
natusque ob eam causam et expulsus civitate est.
Statim Galli Senones ad urbem venerunt ; et
victos Romanos undecimo milliario ab urbe Roma
8 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

apud flumen Alliam secuti, etiam urbem occupa-

verunt; neque defendi quidquam nisi capitolium
potuit, quod cum diu obsedissent, et jam Romani
fame laborarent, a Camillo, qui in vicina civitate
exulabat, Gallis superventum est, gravissimeque
victi sunt: postea tamen, accepto etiam auro, ne
capitolium obsiderent, recesserunt ; sed secutus eos
Camillus ita cecidit, ut et aurum, quod his datum
fuerat, et omnia, quae ceperant, militaria signa
revocaret. Ita, tertid triumphans, urbem ingressus
est ; et appellatus Secundus Romulus, quasi et ipse
patriae conditor.
 LIBER SECUNDUS.

Anno trecentesimo sexagesimo quinto ab urbe

condita, post captam autem primo, dignitates mutata:
sunt, et pvo duobus consulibus facti tribuni militares
consulari potestate. Hinc jam coepit Romana res
crescere; nam Camillus eo anno Volscorum civi-
tatem, quae per septuaginta annos bellum gesserat,
vicit, et iEquorum urbem et Sutrinorum ; atque
omues, deletis eorum exercitibus, occupavit; et tres
simui tviumphos egit. Titus etiam Quintius Cincin-
natus Praenestinos, qui usque ad urbis Romae portas
bello venerant, prosecutus, ad flumen Alliam vicit,
et civitates, qua? sub ipsis agebant, Romanis ad-
junxit; ipsum Pr«neste aggressus, in deditionem
accepit ; quae omnia ab eo gesta sunt viginti diebus ;
triumphusque ipsi decretus.
Veixim dignitas tribunorum militarium non diu
perseveravit ; nam post aliquantum nullos placuit
fieri ; et quadriennium ita in urbe fluxit, ut potes-
tates ibi majores non essent. Resumpserunt tamen
tribuni militares consulari potestate iterum dignita
tem, et triennio perseveraverunt. Rursus consules
facti.
Lucio Genucio et Quinto Servilio consulibus,
b
10 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

mortuus est Camillus : honor ei secundus post Ro-

mulum delatus est.
Titus Quintius dictator adversus Gallos, qui in
Italiam venerant, missus est. Hi ab urbe quarto
milliario trans Anienem fluvium consederant. No-
bilissimus de senator'bus Titus ManJius, provo-
cantem Galium ad singulare certamen congresses,
occidit; et, sublato torque aureo, colloque suo im-
posito, in perpetuum Tovquati sibi et posteris cogno
men accepit. Galli fugati sunt : mox per Caium
Sulpicium dictatorem etiam victi. Non multd post
a Caio Marcio Thusci victi sunt : septem millia cap-
tivorum ex bis in triumphum ducti.
Census iterum habitus est : et cum Latini, qui a
Romanis subacti erant, milites praestare nollent, ex
Romanis tantum tirones lecti sunt, factaeque legiones
decem, qui modus sexaginta vel amplius armatorum
millia efficiebat : parvis adbuc Romanis rebus, tanta
tamen in re militari virtus erat. Quae cum profectae
essent adversus Gallos, d lice Lucio Furio Camillo,
quidam ex Gallis unum e Romanis, qui esset opti-
mus, provocavit. Tum se Marcus Valerius, tribunus
militum, obtulit ; et cum processisset armatus, cor-
vus ei supra dextrum brachium sedit. Mox, com-
missa. adversus Galium pugna, idem corvus alis et
unguibus Galli oculos verberavit, ne rectum posset
aspicere : ita ut, a tribuno Valerio interfectus, non
solum victoriam ei, sed etiam nomen, dederit ; nam
postea idem Corvinus est dictus, ac propter hoc me-
ritum annorum trium et viginti consul est factus.
Latini, qui noluerant milites dare, hoc quoque a
Romanis exigere coeperunt, ut unus consul ex eo
 LIBER SKCUNDUS. 11

rum, alter ex Romanorum populo, crearetur ; quod

cum esset negatum, bellum contra eos susceptum
est, et ingenti pugna superati sunt ; ac de his per-
domitis triumphatum est. Statuae consulibus ob
meritum victoriae in rostris positae sunt.
Jam Romani potentes esse coeperant ; bellum
enim in centesimo et tricesimo .fere milliario ab
urbe apud Samnites gerebatur, qui medii sunt inter
Picenum, Campaniam, et Apuliam. Lucius Papi-
rius Cursor cum honore dictatoris ad id bellum pro-
fectus est, qui, cum Romam rediisset, Quinto Fabio
Maximo, magistro equitum, quem apud exercitum
reliquit, praecepit ne se absente pugnaret. Ille, oc-
casione reperta, felicissime dimicavit et Samnites
delevit ; ob quam rem a dictatore capitis damnatus,
qudd se vetante pugnasset ; ingenti favore militum
et populi liberatus est, tanta Papirio seditione com-
mota, ut pene interficeretur.
Postea Samnites Romanos, Tito Veturio et Spurio
Posthumio consulibus, ingenti dedecore vicerunt, et
sub jugum miserunt. Pax tamen a senatu et po
pulo soluta est, quae cum ipsis propter necessitatem
facta fuerat. Postea Samnites victi sunt a Lucio
Papirio consule ; septem millia eorum sub jugum
missa. Papirius de Samnitibus triumphavit. Eo
tempore Appius Claudius censor aquam Claudiam
induxit, et viam Appiam stravit. -
Samnites, reparato bello, Quintum Fabium Max
imum vicerunt, tribus millibus occisis : postea, cum
pater ejus Fabius Maximus legatus datus fuisset,
et Samnites vicit, et plurima eorum oppida cepit.
Deinde Publius Cornelius Rufinus, Manius Curius
 I

12 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Dentatus, ambo consules, contra Samnites missi, in-

gentibus praeliis eos confecere. Tum bellum cum
Samnitibus per annos novem et quadraginta actum
sustulerunt, neque villus hostis fuit intra Italiam,
qui Romanam virtutem magls fatigaverit.
Interjectis aliquot annis, iterum se Gallorum co
pias contra Romanos Thuscis Samnitibusque junxe-
runt; sed cum Romam tenderent, a Cneio Cornelio
Dolabella consule deletae sunt.
Eodem tempore Tarentinis, qui jam in ultima.
Italia sunt, bellum indictum est, quia legatis Roma-
norum injuriam fecissent. Hi Pyrrhum, Epiri re-
gem, contra Romanos in auxilium poposcerunt, qui
ex genere Achillis originem trahebat. Is mox ad
Italiam venit, tumque primum Romani cum trans-
marino hoste dimicaverunt. Missus est contra eum
consul Publius Valerius Laevinus, qui, cum explora-
tores Pyrrhi cepisset, jussit eos per castra duci,
ostendique omnem exercitum, tumque dimitti, ut
renunciarent Pyrrho quaecumque a Romanis ageren-
tur. Commissa mox pugna, cum jam Pyrrhus fu-
geret, elephantorum auxilio vicit, quos incognitos
Romani expaverunt; sed nox praelio finem dedit.
Laevinus tamen per noctem fugit. Pyrrhus Roma
nos mille octingentos cepit, eosque summo honore
tractavit : occisos sepelivit ; quos cum adverso vul-
nere et truci vultu mortuos jacere vidisset, tulisse ad
coelum manus dicitur cum hac voce, se totius orbis
dominum esse potuisse, si tales sibi milites contigis-
sent.
Postea Pyrrhus, junctis sibi Samnitibus, Lucanis,
Brutiisque, Romam perrexit. Omnia ferro igneque
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 18

vastavit ; Campaniam depopulates est ; atque ad

Praeneste venit, niilliario ab urbe octavo decimo.
Mos terrore exercitus; qui eum cum consule setiue-
batur, in Campaniam se recepit. Legal i, ad lJyr-
rhum de redimendis captivis missi, ab eo honoritice
suscepti sunt : captivus sine pretio Romam misit.
Unum ex legatis Romanorum, Fabricium sic admi-
ratus est, ut cum eum pauperem esse cognovisset,
quarta parte regni promissa, solicitare voluerit ut
ad se transiret, contemptusque a Fabricio est.
Quare, cum Pyrrhus ingenti Romanorum admira-
tione teneretur, legatum misit, qui pacem aequis
conditionibus peteret, praecipuum virum, Cineam
nomine; ita ut Pyrrhus partem Italiae, quam jam
armis occupaverat, obtineret. Pax displicuit, re-
mandatumque. Pyrrho a senatu est, eum cum Ro-
rnanis, nisi ex Italia recessisset, pacem habere non
posse. Tum Romani jusserunt captivos omnes,
quos Pyrrhus reddiderat, infames haberi, qui se
armis defendere potuissent, nec ante eos ad veterem
statum reverti, quam sibi notorum hostium occi-
sorum spolia retulissent. Italegatus Pyrrhi reversus
est ; a quo cum quaereret Pyrrhus qualem Romam
comperisset, Cineas dixit, regum se patriam vidisse ;
scilicet tales illic esse omnes, qualis unus Pyrrhus
apud Epirum et reliquam Graeciam putaretur.
Missi sunt contra Pyrrhum duces Publius Sul-
picius et Decius Mus consules. Certamine com-
misso, Pyrrhus vulneratus est ; elephanti interfecti ;
viginti millia cassa hostium, et ex Romanis tantum
quinque millia. Pyrrhus Tarentum fugatus.
Interjecto anno contra Pyrrhum Fabricius est
14 EUTROPH HISTORIA.

mfssus, qui priiis inter legates solicitari non potuerat,

quarta parte regni promissa. Tum, cum vicina cas-
tra ipse et rex haberet, medicus Pyrrhi ad eum
nocte venit, ()romittens veneno Pyrrhum occisurum,
si sibi aliquid polliceretuv ; quem Fabricius vinctum
reduci jussit ad dominum, Pyrrhoque dici, quae
contra caput ejus medicus spospondisset. Tum rex,
admirans eum, dixisse fertur, " Hie est Fabricius,
qui difficilius ab honestate, quam sol a cursu suo,
averti potest." Tum rex in Siciliam profectus est.
Fabricius, victis Samnitibus et Lucanis, trium-
phavit.
Consules deinde Manius Curius Dentatus et Cor
nelius Lentulus adversum Pyrrhum missi sunt, et
Curius contra eum pugnavit ; exercitum ejus cecidit ;
ipsum Tarentum fugavit ; castra cepit. Ea die caesa
sunt hostium viginti tria millia. Curius Dentatus in
consulatu triumphavit. Primus Romam elephantos
quatuor duxit. Pyrrhus etiam a Tarento mox re-
cessit, et apud Argos, Graeciae civitatem, occisus
est.
Caio Fabricio Luscino, Caio Claudio Cinna con-
sulibus, anno urbis conditae quadringentesimo sexa-
gesimo primo, legati Alexandrini, a Ptolemaeo missi,
Romam venere, et a Romanis amicitiam, quam
petierant, obtinuerunt.
Quintio Gulone, Caio Fabio Pictore consulibus,
Picentes bellum commovere, et ab insequentibus
consulibus, Publio Sempronio, Appio Claudio, victi
sunt ; et de his triumphatum est. Conditae a Ro
manis civitates Ariminum in Gallia et Beneventum
in Samnio.
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 15
Marco Attilio Regulo, Lucio Junio Libone con-
sulibus, Salentinis in Apulia bellum indictum est,
captique sunt cum civitate simul Brundusini ; et de
his triumphatum est.
Anno quadringentesimo septuagesimo septimo, cum
jam c'arum urbis Romae nomen esset, arma tamen
extra Italiam mota non fuerant. U t igitur cogno-
sceretur, quae copiae Romanorum essent, census est
habitus. Tum inventa sunt civium capita bis cen- /
tum nonaginta duo millia, trecenta et triginta tria,
quanquam a condita urbe nunquam bella cessassent.
Et contra Afros bellum susceptum est primum, A.ppio
Claudio et Quinto Fulvio consulibus. In Sicilia con
tra eos pugnatum est; et Appius Claudius de Afris
et, rege Siciliae, Hierone triumphavit.
Insequenti anno, Valerio Marco et Octacilio con
sulibus, in Sicilia a Romanis res magnae gestae sunt.
Taurominitani, Catanenses, et praeterea quinquaginta
civitates in fidem acceptae sunt.
Tertio anno in Sicilia contra Hieronem bellum pa-
ratum est. Is cum omni nobilitate Syracusanorum
pacem a Romanis impetravit, deditque argenti talenta
ducenta. Afri in Sicilia victi sunt ; et de his secundd
Romae triumphatum est.
Quinto anno belli Punici, quod contra Afros gere-
batur, primum Romani, Caio Duilio et Cneio Cornelio
Asino consulibus, in mari dimicaverunt, paratis navi-
bus rostratis, quas Liburnas vocant. Consul Corne
lius fraude deceptus est. Duilius, commisso praelio,
Carthaginiensium ducem vicit; triginta et unam
naves cepit, quatuordecim mersit; octo millia hos-
tium cepit, tria millia occidit: neque ulla victoria
id EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Romanis gratior fuit, quod, invicti terra, jam etiam

mari plurimum possent.
Caio Aquilio Floro, Lucio Scipione consulibus,
Scipio Corsicam et Sardiniam vastavit ; multa millia
inde captivorum abduxit ; triumphum egit.
Lucio Manlio Volsone, Marco Attilio consulibus,
bellum in Africam translatum est contra Hamilcarem,
Carthaginiensium ducem. In mari pugnatum, vic-
tusque est : nam perditis sexaginta quatuor navibus,
retro se recepit : Romani viginti duas amiserunt :
sed cum in Africam transiissent, primum Clypeam,
Africae civitatem, in deditionem acceperunt. Con-
sules usque ad Carthaginem processerunt ; multisque
vastatis oppidis, Manlius victor Romam rediitr et
viginti septem millia captivorum reduxit. Attilius
Regulus in Africa remansit. Is contra Afros aciem
instruxit : contra tres Carthaginiensium duces dimi-
cans, victor fuit; octodecim millia hostium cecidit,
quinque millia cum octo elephantibus cepit ; septua-
ginta quatuor civitates in fidem accepit. Tum victi
Carthaginienses pacem a Romanis petierunt, quam
cum Regulus nollet nisi durissimis conditionibus dare,
Afri auxilium a Lacedaemoniis petierunt, et duce
Xantippo qui a Lacedaemoniis missus fuerat, Roma-
norum dux Regulus victus est ultima pernicie ; nam
duo millia hominum tantum ex omni Romano exercitu
remanserunt ; quindecim millia cum imperatore Re-
gulo capta sunt, triginta millia occisa ; Regulus ipse
in catenas conjectus.
Marco iEmilio Paulo, Servio Fulvio Nobiliore con
sulibus, ambo consules Romani Africam profecti sunt ;
cum trecentarum navium classe Clypeam petiintj et
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 17

contra Carthaginienses venerunt. Primum Afros

navali certamine superant. iEmilius consul centum
et quatuor naves hostium demersit, triginta cum pug-
natoribus cepit ; quindecim millia hostium aut occidit
aut cepit ; militem suutn ingenti praeda ditavit : et
subacta Africa tum fuisset, nisi tanta fames fuisset,
ut diutius expectare exercitus non posset. Consules,
cum victrici classe redeuntes, circa Siciliam naufra-
gium passi sunt, et tanta tempestas fuit, ut ex qua-
dringentis sexaginta quatuor navibus, octoginta ser-
vari vix potuerint ; neque ullo tempore tanta mari-
tima tempestas audita est. Romani tamen statim
ducentas naves reparaverunt, neque in aliquo animus
his infractus fuit.
Cnasus Servilius Caepio et Caius Sempronius Blae-
sus consules cum ducentis sexaginta navibus ad
Africam profecti sunt ; aliquot civitates ceperunt.
Praedam ingentem reducentes, naufragium passi sunt.
Itaque cum continuae calamitates Romanis displi-
cerent, decrevit senatus, ut a maritimis praeliis disce-
deretur, et tantum sexaginta naves ad presidium
Italiae salvae essent.
Lucio Caecilio Metello, Caio Furio Pacillo con-
sulibus, Metellus in Sicilia Afrorum ducem, cum
centum triginta elephantis et magnis copiis venientem,
superavit ; viginti millia hostium cecidit ; sex et-
viginti elephantos cepit ; reliquos, errantes per Nu-
midas, quos in auxilium habebat, collegit et Romam
deduxit ingenti pompa, cum centum triginta elephan-
torum numero omnia itinera compleret.
Post haec mala Carthaginienses Regulum ducem,
quern ceperant, petierunt, ut Romam proficisceretur,
c
18 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

et pacem a Romanis obtineret, ac permutationem

captivorum faceret. Ille, Romam cum venisset, in-
ductus in senatum, nihil quasi Romanus egit ; dixit-
que, se ex ilia die, qua in potestatem Afrorum ve
nisset, Romanum esse desiisse. Itaque et uxorem a
complexu removit, et Romanis suasit, ne pax cum
Poenis fieret ; illos enim, fractos tot casibus, spem
nullam habere ; se tanti non esse, ut tot millia capti
vorum propter unum se et senem, et paucos, qui ex
Romanis capti fuerant, redderentur. Itaque obti-
nuit; nam Afros, pacem petentes, nullus admisit.
Ipse Carthaginem rediit, offerentibusque Romanis ut
eum Romae tenerent, negavit se in ea urbe man-
surum, in qua, postquam Afris servierat, dignitatem
honesti civis habere non posset. Regressus igitur ad
Africam, omnibus suppliciis extinctus est.
Publio Claudio Pulchro, Caio Junio consulibus,
Claudius contra auspicia pugnavit, et^a Carthagi-
niensibus victus est ; nam ex ducentis et viginti
navibus, cum triginta fugit ; nonaginta cum pugna-
toribus captae sunt, demersal ceterae, viginti millia
capta. Alius quoque consul classem naufragio
amisit ; exercitum tamen salvum habuit, quia vicina
litora erant.
Caio Luctatio Catulo, Aulo Posthumio Albino
consulibus, anno belli Punici vicesimo tertjo, Catulo
bellum contra Afros commissum est. Profectus est
cum trecentis navibus in Siciliam. Afri contra ip-
sum quadringentas paraverunt. Luctatius Catulus
navem asger ascendit, vulneratus enim in pugn&
superiore fuerat. Contra Lilybaeum, civitatem Si-
ciliae, pugnatum est ingenti virtute Romanorum;
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 19

nam septuaginta tres Carthaginiensium naves captae

sunt, centum viginti quinque demersae ; triginta duo
millia hostium capta, tredecim occisa ; infinitum auri
argentique pondus in potestatem Romanorum redac-
tum. Ex classe Romana duodecim naves demersae.
Pugnatum est sexto Idus Martias. Statim Cartha-
ginienses pacem petierunt, tributaque iis pax. Cap-
tivi Romanorum, qui tenebantur a Carthaginien-
sibus, redditi sunt : etiam Carthaginienses petierunt,
ut redimi eos captivos liceret, quos ex Afris Romani
tenebant. Senatus jussit sine pretio dari eos, qui in
publica custodia essent ; qui autem a privatis tene-
rentur, ut, pretio dominis reddito, Carthaginem
redirent ; atque id pretium ex fisco magls, quam a
Carthaginiensibus, solveretur.
Quintus Luctatius, Aulus Manlius, consules creati,
bellum Faliscis intulerunt, quae civitas Italiae opu-
lenta quondam fuit ; quod ambo consules intra sex
dies, quam venerant, transegerunt ; quindecim mil-
libus hostium cassis, caeteris pace concessa, agro
tamen ex medietate sublato.
20 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

LIBER TERTIUS.

Finito igitur Punico bello, quod per viginti duos

annos contractum est, Romani, jam clarissima glo
ria noti, legatos ad Ptolemaeum, iEgypti regem,
miserunt, auxilia promittentes, quia rex Syriae,
Antiochus ei bellum intulerat. Ille gratias Romanis
egit, auxilia non accepit, jam enim fuerat pugna
transacta. Eodem tempore, potentissimus rex Si-
ciliae, Hiero Romam venit ad ludos spectandos, et
ducenta millia modiorum tritici populo dono dedit.
Lucio Cornelio Lentulo, Fulvio Flacco consulibus,
quibus Hiero Romam venerat, etiam contra Ligures
intra Italiam bellum gestum est ; et de his trium-
phatum. Carthaginienses tum bella reparare ten-
tabant, Sardinienses, qui ex conditione pacis Ro
manis parere debebant, ad rebellandum impellentes.
Venit tamen legatio Carthaginiensium Romam, et
pacem impetravit.
Tito Manlio Torquato, Caio Attilio Balbo consu
libus, de Sardis triumphatum est ; et pace omnibus
locis facta, Romani nullum bellum habuerunt, quod
his post Romam conditam semel tantum, Numa
Pompilio regnante, contigerat.
Lucius Posthumius Albinus, Cnaeus Fulvius Cen-
tumalus consules bellum contra Illyrios gesserunt;
 LIBER TERTIUS. 21

et, multis civitatibus captis, etiam reges in deditio-

nem acceperunt ; tum primum de Illyriis triumpha-
tum est.
Lucio iEmilio consule, ingentes Gallorum copiae
Alpes transierunt ; sed pro Romanis tota Italia con-
sensit ; traditumque est Fabio historico, qui eo bello
intermit, octingenta millia hominum parata ad id
bellum fuisse : sed res per consules tantum prospere
gesta est ; quadraginta millia hostium interfecta
sunt, et triumphus j?Emilio decretus. :
Aliquot deinde annis p6st, contra Gallos intra
Italiam pugnatum est, finitumque est bellum, Marco
Claudio Marcello, Cnaeo Cornelio Scipione consuli-
bus. Tunc Marcellus cum parva manu equitum
dimicavit, et regem Gallorum, Viridomarum nomine,
nanu sua occidit. Postea cum collega suo ingentes
copias Gallorum peremit ; Mediolanum expugnavit ;
grandem praedam Romam pertulit; ac triumphans
Marcellus spolia Galli, stipiti imposita, humeris suis
vexit.
Marco Minucio, Publio Cornelio consulibus, Istris
bellum illatum est, quia latrocinati naves Romano-
rum fuerant, quae frumenta exhibebant ; perdomiti-
que sunt omnes.
Eodem anno bellum Punicum secundum Romanis
illatum est per Annibalem, Carthaginiensium ducem,
qui Saguntum, Hispanias civitatem, Romanis ami-
cam, oppugnare aggressus est, agens vicesimum
aetatis annum ; copiis congregatis, centum quinqua-
ginta millibus peditum et viginti millibus equitum.
Huic Romani per legatos denunciaverunt, ut bello
abstineret : is legatos admittere noluit. Romani
22 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

etiam Carthaginem miserunt, ut mandaretur Anni-

bali, ne bellum contra socios populi Romani gereret ;
sed dura responsa a Carthaginiensibus reddita. Sa-
guntini interea, fame victi captique ab Annibale,
ultimis poenis afficiuntur.
Tum Publius Cornelius Scipio cum exercitu in
Hispaniam profectus est ; Tiberius Sempronius in
Siciliam. Bellum Carthaginiensibus indictum est.
Annibal, relicto in Hispania fratre Asdrubale, Pyre-
naeum transiit ; Alpes, adhuc in ea parte invias, sibi
patefecit. Traditur ad Italiam octoginta millia pe-
ditum, et viginti millia equitum, septem et triginta
elephantos adduxisse. Interea multi Ligures et
Galli Annibali se junxerunt. Sempronius Gracchus,
cognito ad Italiam Annibalis adventu, e Sicilia. ex-
ercitum Ariminum trajecit. Publius Cornelius Sci
pio Annibali primus occurrit : commisso praelio, fu-
gatis suis, ipse vulneratus in castra rediit. Sem
pronius Gracchus et ipse conflixit apud Trebiam
amnem : is quoque vincitur. Annibali multi se in
Italia dediderunt. Inde ad Tusciam veniens, Anni
bal Flaminio consuli occurrit : ipsum Flaminium in-
teremit ; Romanorum viginti quinque millia caesa
sunt; caeteri diffugerunt. Missus adversus Anni-
balem postea a Romanis Quintus Fabius Maximus.
Is eum, differendo pugnam, ab impetu fregit ; mox,
inventa occasione, vicit.
Quingentesimo et quadragesimo anno a condit&
urbe, Lucius iEmilius, Publius Terentius Varro con
tra Annibalem mittuntur, Fabioque succedunt ; qui
Fabius ambos consules monuit, ut Annibalem, calli-
dum et impatientem ducem, non aliter vincerent,
 LIBER TERTIUS. 23

quam, praelium differendo. Verum cum impatientia

Varronis consulis, contradicente consule altero, apud
vicum, qui Cannae appellatur, in Apulia pugnatum
esset, ambo consules ab Annibale vincuntur. In ea
pugna tria millia Afrorum pereunt ; magna pars de
exercitu Annibalis sauciatur. Nullo tamen Punico
bello Romani gravius accepti sunt ; periit enim in eo
iEmilius Paulus consul ; consulares et praetorii vi-
ginti, senatores capti aut occisi triginta, nobiliores
viri trecenti ; militum quadraginta millia ; equitum
tria millia et quingenti : in quibus malis nemo tamen
Romanorum pacis mentionem habere dignatus est.
Servi, quod nunquam ante, manumissi et milites
facti sunt.
Post hanc pugnam, multae Italia? civitates, quae
Romanis paruerant, se ad Annibalem transtulerunt.
Annibal Romanis obtulit, ut captivos redimerent,
responsumque est a senatu, eos cives non esse ne-
cessarios, qui, cum armati essent, capi potuissent.
Ille omnes postea variis suppliciis interfecit, et tres
modios aureorum annulorum Carthaginem misit,
quos e manibus equitum Romanorum, senatorum,
et militum detraxerat. Interea in Hispania, ubi,
frater Annibalis, Asdrubal remanserat cum magno
exercitu, ut eam totam Afris subigeret, a duobus
Scipionibus, Romanis ducibus, vincitur, perditque
in pugna triginta quinque millia hominum ; ex his
capiuntur decem millia, occiduntur viginti quinque.
JVIittuntur ei a Carthaginiensibus ad reparandas
vires duodecim millia peditum, quatuor millia equi
tum, viginti elephanti.
Anno quarto postquam in Italiam Annibal venit,
24 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Marcus Claudius Marcellus consul apud Nolam,

civitatem Campaniae, contra Annibalem bene pug-
navit. Annibal multas civitates Romanorum per
Apuliam, Calabriam, et Brutios occupavit : quo
tempore etiam, rex Macedonias, Philippus ad eum
legatos misit, promittens auxilia contra Romanos,
sub hac conditione, ut, deletis Romanis, ipse quoque
contra Graecos ab Annibale auxilia acciperet. Cap-
tis igitur legatis Philippi et re cognita, Romani in
Macedoniam Marcum Valerium Laevinum ire jusse-
runt, in Sardiniam Titum Manlium proconsulem ;
nam etiam ea, solicitata ab Annibale, Romanos de-
seruerat.
Ita uno tempore quatuor locis pugnabatur ; in
Italia contra Annibalem, in Hispania contra fratrem
ejus Asdrubalem, in Macedonia contra Philippum,
in Sardinia contra Sardos et alteram Asdrubalem
Carthaginiensem. Is a Tito Manlio proconsule, qui
ad Sardiniam missus fuerat, vivus est captus ; occisa
cum eo duodecim millia, capti mille quingenti : et a
Romanis Sardinia subacta. Manlius victor captivos
et Asdrubalem Romam reportavit. Interea etiam
Philippus a Lajvino in Macedonia vincitur, et in
Hispania a Scipionibus Asdrubal et Mago, tertius
frater Annibalis.
Decimo anno postquam Annibal in Italiam vene-
rat, Publio Sulpicio, Cnaso Fulvio consulibus, Anni
bal usque ad quartum milliarium urbis accessit,
equites ejus usque ad portas : mox consulum metu,
cum exercitu venientium, Annibal ad Campaniam
se recepit. In Hispania a fratre Asdrubale ambo
Scipiones, qui per multos annos victores fuerant, in
 LIBKR TERTIUS. 26

terficiuntur ; exercitus tamen integer remansit, casu

enim magis, quam virtute, erant decepti. Quo tem
pore etiam a consule Marcello Sicilian magna pars
capta est, quam tenere Afri coeperant ; et ex nobi-
lissima urbe Syracusana praeda ingens praelata est.
Laevinus in Macedonia cum Philippo, et multis
Graeciae populis, et rege Asiae Attalo, amicitiam fecit;
et ad Siciliam profectus, Annonem, quendam Afro-
rum ducem, apud Agrigentum civitatem cum ipso
oppido cepit, eumque Romam cum captivis nobilibus
misit : quadraginta civitates in deditionem accepit,
viginti sex expugnavit. Ita omni Sicilia recepta,
Macedonia fracta, cum ingenti gloria Romam regres-
sus est. Annibal in Italia, Cnasum Fulvium consu-
lem subitd aggressus, cum octo millibus hominum
interfecit.
Interea ad Hispanias, ubi occisis duobus Scipi-
onibus, nullus Romanus dux erat, Publius Cornelius
Scipio mittitur, Alius Publii Scipionis, qui ibidem
bellum gesserat, annos natus quatuor et viginti, vir
Romanorum omnium et sua sstate et posteriori tem
pore fere primus. Is Carthaginem Hispaniae capit,
in qua omne aurum, et argentum, et belli apparatum
Afri habebant; nobilissimos quoque obsides, quos
ab Hispanis acceperant, Magonem etiam, fratrem
Annibalis, ibidem capit, quem Romam cum aliis
mittit. Romae ingens laetitia post hunc nuncium
fuit. Scipio Hispanorum obsides parentibus reddi
dit ; qua re omnes fere Hispani ad eum uno animo
transierunt. Pdstque Asdrubalem, Annibalis fra
trem, victum fugat, et praedam maximam capit.
Interea in Italia consul Quintus Fabius Maximus
d

i
 EUTR0P1I HISTORIA.

Tarentum recepit, in qua ingcntes copiae Annibalis

erant, et ibi etiam, ducem Annibalis, Carthalonem
occidit; viginti quinque millia captivorum vendidit;
praedam militibus dispertivit ; pecuniam hominum
venditorum ad fiscum retulit. Tum multae civitates
Romanorum, qua; ad Annibalem transierant prills,
rursus se Fabio Maximo reddiderunt.
Insequenti anno Scipio in Hispania egregias res
egit, et per se et per fratrem suum, Lucium Sci-
pionem : septuaginta civitates recepit. In Italia
tamen male pugnatum est, nam Claudius Marcellus
consul ab Annibale occisus est.
Tertio anno postquam Scipio ad Hispaniam pro-
fectus fuerat, rursus res inclytas gerit. Regem
Hispaniarum, magno praelio victum, in amicitiam
accepit; et primus omnium a victo obsides non
poposcit.
Desperans Annibal Hispanias contra Scipionem
diutius posse retineri, fratrem suum, Asdrubalem ad
Italiam cum omnibus copiis evocavit. Is, veniens
eodem itinere, quo etiam Annibal venerat, a consu-
libus Appio Claudio Nerone et Marco Livio Sali-
natore apud Senam, Piceni civitatem, in insidias
compositas incidit ; strenue tamen pugnans occisus
est ; ingentes ejus copiae captae aut interfectae sunt ;
magnum pondus auri atque argenti Romam rela-
tum. Post haec Annibal diffidere jam de belli coepit
eventu, et Romanis ingens animus accessit. Itaque
et ipsi evocaverunt ex Hispania Publium Corne-
lium Scipionem. Is Romam cum ingenti gloria
venit.
Quinto Caecilio, Lucio Valerio consulibus, omnes
 LIBER TERTIUS.

civitates, quae in Brutiis ab Annibale tenebantur,

Romanis se tradiderunt.
Anno decimo quarto postquam in Italiam Annibal
venerat, Scipio, qui multa bene in Hispania egerat,
consul est factus, et in African! missus ; cui viro
divinum quiddam inesse existimabatur, aded ut pu-
taretur etiam cum numinibus habere sermonem. Is
in Africa contra Annonem, ducem Afrorum, pugnat;
exercitum ejus interficit. Secundo praslio castra ce-
pit cum quatuor millibus et quingentis militibus,
undecim millibus occisis. Syphacem, Numidiss re-
gem, qui se Afris conjunxerat, capit, et castra ejus
invadi t. Syphax, cum nobilissimis Numidis et in-
finitis spoliis, a Scipione Romam mittitur ; qua re
audita, omnis fere Italia Annibalem deserit ; ipse a
Carthaginiensibus in Africam redire jubetur, quam
Scipio vastabat. Ita anno septimo decimo ab Anni
bale Italia liberata est, quam flens dicitur reliquisse.
Legati Carthaginiensium pacem a Scipione petle-
runt ; ab eo ad senatum Romam missi sunt : qua-
draginta quinque dies his induciae datae sunt, quo-
usque Romam ire et regredi possent ; triginta millia
pondo argenti ab his accepta sunt. Senatus ex ar-
bitrio Scipionis pacem jussit cum Carthaginiensibus
fieri. Scipio his conditionibus dedit, ne amplius
quam triginta naves haberent, quingenta millia pon
do argenti darent, captivos et perfugas redderent.
Interim Annibale veniente ad Africam, pax tur-
bata est. Multa hostilia ab Afris facta sunt ; legati
tamen eorum, ex urbe venientes, a Romanis capti
sunt et, jubente Scipione, dimissi. Annibal quoque,
frequentibus praeliis victus a Scipione, petiit etiam
28 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

ipse pacem. Cum ventum esset ad colloquium,

iisdem conditionibus data est, quibus prii\s, addita
quingentis millibus pondo argenti centum millia li-
brarum propter novam perfidiam. Carthaginiensibus
conditiones displicuerunt, jusseruntque Annibalem
pugnare.
Infertur a Scipione et Masinissa, alio rege Numi-
darum, qui amicitiam cum Scipione fecerat, Cartha-
gini bellum. Annibal tres exploratores ad Scipionis
castra misit, quos captos Scipio circumduci per
castra jussit, ostendique eis totum exercitum, mox
etiam prandium dari, dimittique, ut renunciarent
Annibali, quae apud Romanos vidissent. Interea
praelium ab utroque duce instructum est, quale vix
ulla memoria fuit, quum peritissimi viri copias suas
ad bellum educerent. Scipio victor recedit, pene
ipso Annibale capto, qui primum cum multis equi-
tibus, deinde cum viginti, postremd cum quatuor
evasit. Inventa in castris Annibalis argenti pondo
viginti millia, auri octingenta, caetera supellectili
copiosa. Post id certamen, pax cum Carthaginien
sibus facta est. Scipio Romam rediit, et ingenti
gloria triumphavit, atque Africanus ex eo appellari
coeptus est. Finem accepit secundum Punicum
bellum post annum nonum decimum, quam coeperat.
 LIBER QUARTUS. 29

LIBER QUARTUS.

Transacto Punico bello, secutum est Macedonicum

contra Philippum regem.
Quingentesimo et quinquagesimo primo anno ab
urbe condita, Titus Quintius Flaminius adversus
Philippum regem mittitur. Res prospere gessit;
pax ei data est his legibus, ne Graeciae civitatibus,
quas Romani contra eum defenderant, bellum in-
ferret ; ut captivos et transfugas redderet ; quinqua-
ginta solum naves haberet, reliquas Romanis redde
ret ; per annos decem quaterna millia pondo argenti
praestaret; et obsidem daret, filium suum, Deme-
trium.
Titus Quintius etiam Lacedaemoniis intulit bellum ;
ducem eorum, Nabidem vicit, et quibus voluit con-
ditionibus in fidem accepit. Ingenti gloria duxit
ante currum , nobilissimos obsides, Demetrium, Phi-
lippi filium, et Armenem Nabidis.
Transacto bello Macedonico, secutum est Syria-
cum contra Antiochum regem, Publio Cornelio Sci-
pione, Marco Acilio Glabrione consulibus. Huic
Antiocho Annibal se junxerat, Carthaginem patriam
suam, ne Romanis traderetur, relinquens. Marcus
Acilius Glabrio in Achaia pugnavit bene. Castra
30 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

regis Antiochi nocturna pugna capta sunt ; ipse fu-

gatur. Philippo, quia contra Antiochum Romanis
auxilio fuisset, filius Demetrius redditus est.
Lucio Cornelio Scipione, Caio Laelio consulibus,
Scipio Africanus, fratri suo, Lucio Cornelio Scipioni
consuli legatus contra Antiochum profectus est. An-
nibal, qui cum Antiocho erat, navali praelio victus
est. Ipse postea Antiochus circa Sipylum et Mag-
nesiam, Asiae civitatem, a consule Cornelio Scipiorie
ingenti praelio fusus est. Auxilio fuit Romanis in
ea. pugna Eumenes, Attali regis frater, qui Eume-
niam in Phrygia condidit. Quinquaginta millia pe-
ditum, quatuor millia equitum, eo certamine ex parte
regis occisa sunt. Tum rex Antiochus pacem petit,
quae iisdem conditionibus datur a senatu, quanquam
victo, quibus ante offerebatur ; ut ex Europa et Asia
recederet, atque intra Taurum se contineret ; decern
millia talentorum et viginti obsides praeberet ; Anni-
balem, concitatorem belli, dederet. Eumeni regi
donatae sunt omnes Asiae civitates, quas Antiochus
bello perdiderat ; et Rhodiis, qui auxilium Romanis
contra regem Antiochum tulerant, multae urbes con-
cessae sunt. Scipio Romam rediit ; ingenti gloria tri-
umphavit; nomen et ipse, ad imitationem fratris,
Asiatici accepit, quia Asiam vicerat; sicuti frater
ipsius, propter Africam domitam, Africanus appella-
batur.
Spurio Posthumio Albino, Quinto Marcio Philippo
consulibus, Marcus Fulvius de iEtolis triumphavit.
Annibal, qui, victo Antiocho, ne Romanis traderetur,
ad Prusiam Bithyniae regem fugerat, repetitus etiam
ab eo est per Titum Quintium Flaminium ; et cum
 LIBER QUARTUS.

tradendus esset Romanis, venenum bibit, et apud

Libyssam in finibus Nicomediensium sepultus est.
Philippo, rege Macedoniae, mortuo, qui et adver-
sum Romanos bellum gesserat, et postea Romanis
contra Antiochum auxilium tulerat, filius ejus, Per
seus in Macedonia rebellavit, ingentibus copiis ad
bellum paratis : nam adjutores habebat, Cotyn,
Thraciae regem et Illyrici regem, Gentium nomine.
Romanis autem in auxilium erant Eumenes Asia;
rex, Ariarathes Cappadociae, Antiochus Syria;, Pto-
lemaeus iEgypti, Masinissa Numidiae. Prusias au
tem, rex Bithyniae, quanquam sororem Persei uxo-
rem haberet, utrisque se aequum praebuit. Dux
Romanorum, Publius Licinius consul, est a rege
gravi praelio victus; neque tamen Romani, quanquam
jsuperati, regi petenti pacem praestare voluerunt, nisi
his conditionibus, ut se et suos senatui et populo
Romano dederet. Mox missus contra eum Lucius
iEmilius Paulus consul, et in Illyricum Caius Ani-
cius praetor contra Gentium : sed Gentius, facile uno
praelio victus, mox se dedidit ; mater ejus, et uxor,
et duo filii, frater quoque ejus, simul in potestatem
Romanorum venerunt. Ita bello intra dies triginta
perfecto, ante cognitum est Gentium victum, quam
coeptum bellum nunciaretur.
Cum Perseo autem iEmilius Paulus consul tertio
nonas Septembris dimicavit, vicitque eum, viginti
millibus peditum ejus occisis ; equitatus cum rege
fuit integer ; Romanorum centum milites amissi sunt.
Urbes Macedoniae omnes, quas rex tenuerat, Romanis
se dediderunt. Ipse rex, cum desereretur ab amicis,
venit in Pauli potestatem, sed honorem ei vEmilius
 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

non quasi victo habuit, nam et volentem sibi ad pedes

cadere non permisit, sed juxta se in sella collocavit.
Macedonibus et Illyriis hae leges datae sunt, ut liberi
essent, et dimidium eorum tributorum praestarent,
quae regibus praestitissent ; ut appareret, populum
Romanum pro aequitate magis quam pro avaritia
dimicare : atque in conventu infinitorum populorum
Paulus haec pronunciavit ; et legationes multarum
gentium, quae ad eum venerant, magnificentissimo
pavit convivio, dicens, ejusdem hominis esse debere,
et bello vincere, et convivii apparatu elegantem esse.
Mox septuaginta civitates Epiri, quae rebellarant,
cepit ; praedam militibus distribuit. Romam cum
ingenti pompa rediit in nave Persei, quae inusitats
magnitudinis fuisse traditur, aded ut sexdecim or-
dines habuisse dicatur remorum. Triumphavit au-
tem magnificentissime in curru aureo, cum duobus
filiis utroque latere astantibus : ducti sunt ante cur-
rum duo regis filii, et ipse Perseus, quadraginta
quinque annos natus. Post eum etiam Caius Ani-
cius de Illyriis triumphavit : Gentius cum fratre et
filiis ante currum ductus est. Ad hoc spectaculum
multarum gentium reges Romam venerunt; inter
alios etiam venit Attalus atque Eumenes, Asiae reges,
atque Prusias Bithyniae ; magno honore accepti sunt,
et, permittente senatu, dona, quae attulerant, in capi-
tolio posuerunt. Prusias etiam, filium suum, Nico-
medem senatui commendavit.
Insequenti anno Lucius Memmius in Hispania
bene pugnavit. Marcellus postea consul res ibidem
prospere gessit.
Tertium deinde bellum contra Carthaginem susci
 LIBER QUARTUS. 33

pitur, sexcentesimo et altero anno ab urbe condita,

Lucio Manlio Censorino et Marco Manilio consulibus,
anno quinquagesimo primo postquam secundum Pu-
nicum bellum transactum-erat. Hi profecti Cartha-
ginem oppugnaverunt. Contra eos Asdrubal, dux
Carthaginiensium, dimicabat: Famea, dux alius,
equitatui praeerat Carthaginiensium. Scipio tunc,
Scipionis Africani nepos, tribunus ibi militabat, cujus
apud omnes ingens metus et reverentia erat ; nam et
paratissimus ad dimicandum, et consultissimus habe-
batur. Itaque per eum multa prospere gesta-suntf
neque quidquam magls vel Asdrubal vel Famea vita-
bant, quam contra eam Romanorum partem pugnam
committere, ubi Scipio dimicabat.
Per idem tempus Masinissa, rex Numidarum, per
annos sexaginta fere amicus populi Romani, anno
vitae suae nonagesimo septimo mortuus-est, quadra-
ginta quatuor filiis relictis. Scipionem divisorem
regni inter filios esse jussit.
Cum igitur clarum Scipionis nomen esset, juvenis
adhuc consul est-factus, et contra Carthaginem mis
sus. Is eam cepit ac diruit : spolia ibi inventa, quae
de variarum civitatum excidiis Carthago collegerat,
et ornamenta urbium, civitatibus Sicilian, Italia?, et
Africae reddidit, quae sua recognoscebant. Ita Car
thago, septingentesimo anno postquam condita-erat,
deleta-est. Scipio nomen, quod avus ejus acceperat,
meruit, scilicet, ut propter virtutem etiam ipse Afri-
canus Junior vocaretur.
Interim in Macedonia quidam Pseudo-Philippus
arma movit, et Romanum praetorem, Publium Juven-
cium, contra se " missum, ad internecionem vicit.
e
 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Post eum Quintus Caecilius Metellus dux a Romanis

contra Pseudo-Philippum missus-est, et, viginti
quinque millibus ex militibus ejus occisis, Macedo
niam recepit; ipsum etiam Pseudo-Philippum in
potestatem suam redegit.
Corinthiis quoque bellum indictum-est, nobilis-
simae Graeciae civitati, propter injuriam legatorum
Romanorum. Hanc Mummius consul cepit ac diruit.
Tres igitur Romae simul celeberrimi triumphi fuerunt,
Africani ex Africa, ante cujus currum ductus-est
Asdrubal ; Metelli ex Macedonia, cujus currum
praecessit Andriscus, qui et Pseudo-Philippus dici-
tur; Mummii ex Corintho, ante quem signa aenea,
et pictae tabulae, et alia urbis clarissimae ornamenta
praelata-sunt.
Iterum in Macedonia Pseudo-Perseus, qui se
Persei filium esse dicebat, collectis servis, rebellavit ;
et cum septemdecim armatorum millia haberet, a
Tremellio quaestore superatus-est.
Eodem tempore Metellus in Celtiberia apud His-
panos egregias res gessit. Successit ei Quintus Pom-
peius. Nec multd post Quintus quoque Caepio ad
idem bellum missus, quod quidam Viriatus contra
Romanos in Lusitania gerebat ; quo metu Viriatus a
suis interfectus-est, cum quatuordecim annos His-
panias adversum Romanos movisset. Pastor primd
fuit, mox latronum dux, postremo tantos ad bellum
populos concitavit, ut assertor contra Romanos His
panic putaretur ; et cum interfectores ejus praemium
a Caepione consule peterent, responsum-est, nun-
quam Romanis placuisse, imperatorem a suis militi
bus interfici.
 LIBER QUARTUS. 35

Quintus Pompeius deinde consul a Numantinis,

quae Hispaniae civitas fuit opulentissima, superatus,
pacem ignobilem fecit. Post eum Caius Hostilius
Mancinus consul iterum cum Numantinis pacem fecit
infamem, quam populus et senatus jussit infringi,
atque ipsum Mancinum hostibus tradi, ut in illo,
quem auctorem foederis habebant, injuriam soluti
foederis vindicarent. Post tantam igitur ignominiam,
qua a Numantinis bis Romani exercitus fuerant sub-
jugati, Publius Scipio Africanus secundum consul
factus, et ad Numantiam missus-est. Is primum mi-
litem, vitiosum et ignavum, exercendo magis quam
puniendo, sine aliqua acerbitate correxit. Tum
multas Hispaniae civitates partim bello cepit, partim
in deditionem accepit. Postremd ipsam Numantiam,
diu obsessam, fame confecit, et a solo evertit : re-
liquam provinciam in fidem accepit.
Eo tempore Attalus, rex Asiae, frater Eumenis,
mortuus-est, haeredemque populum Romanum reli-
quit. Ita imperio Romano per testamentum Asia
accessit.
Mox etiam Decimus Junius Brutus de Gallaecis et
Lusitanis triumphavit magna gloria ; et Publius Sci
pio Africanus de Numantinis secundum triumphum
egit, quarto decimo anno postquam priorem de Africa
egerat.
Motum interim in Asia bellum est ab Aristonico,
Eumenis filio, qui ex concubina susceptus fuerat : is
Eumenes frater Attali fuerat. Adversus eum missus-
est Publius Licinius Crassus. Habuit infinita regum
auxilia, nam et, Bithyniae rex, Nicomedes Romanos
juvit, et Mithridates Ponticus, cum quo postea bellum
aw EUTROPII HISTORIA.

gravissimum fuit, et Ariarathes Cappadox, et Pylae-

menes Paphlagon. Victus-est tamen Crassus, et in
praelio interfectus ; caput ejus Aristonico oblatum-
est, corpus Smyrnae sepultum Postea Perpenna,
consul Romanus, qui successor Crasso veniebat,
audita belli fortuna, ad Asiam celeravit; et, acie
victum, Aristonicum, apud Stratonicen civitatem,
qud fugerat, fame ad deditionem compulit. Aristo-
nicus jussu senatus Romas in carcere strangulatusr
triumphari enim de eo non poterat, quia Perpenna
apud Pergamum rediens diem obierat.
Lucio Caecilio Metello et Tito Quintio Flaminio
consulibus, Carthago in Africa jussu senatus repa-
rata-est, quae nunc manet, annis duobus et viginti
postquam a Scipione fuerat eversa. Deducti ed sunt
cives Romani.
Anno sexcentesimo vicesimo septimo ab urbe con
dita, Caius Cassius Longinus et Sextus Domitius
Calvinus consules Gallis Transalpinis bellum intu-
lerunt, et Arvernorum nobilissimaa tum civitati at-
que eorum regi, Bituito ; infinitamque multitudinem
juxta Rhodanum fluvium interfecerunt. Praeda
ex torquibus Gallorum ingens Romam perlata-est.
Bituitus se Domitio dedidit, atque ab eo Romam
ductus-est ; magnaque gloria consules ambo trium-
pharunt.
Marco Porcio Catone et Quinto Marco Rege con
sulibus, sexcentesimo trigesimo anno et tertio ab
urbe condita, Narbona in Gallia colonia deducta-est.
Post a Lucio Metello et Quinto Mucio Scaevola con
sulibus de Dalmatia triumphatum-est.
Ab urbe condita anno sexcentesimo trigesimo
 LIBER QUARTUS. 37

quinto, Caius Cato consul Scordiscis intulit bellum,

ignominioseque pugnavit.
Caio Caecilio Metello et Cnaeo Carbone consulibus,
duo Metelli fratres, eodem die, alterum ex Thracia,
ex Sardinia alterum, triumphum egerunt: nuncia-
tumque Romae est, Cimbros e Gallia in Italiam
transisse.
Publio Scipione Nasica et Lucio Calpurnio Bestia
consulibus, Jugurthae, Numidarum regi, bellum illa-
tum-est, qudd Adherbalem et Hiempsalem, Micipsae
filios, fratres suos, reges, et populi Romani amicos,
interemisset. Missus adversus eum consul Calpur-
nius Bestia, corruptus regis pecunia, pacem cum eo
flagitiosissimam fecit, quae a senatu reprobata-est.
Postea contra eundem insequenti anno Spurius Albi-
nus Posthumius profectus-est : is quoque per fratrem
ignominiose contra Numidas pugnavit.
Tertid missus Quintus Caecilius Metellus consul,
exercitum, ingenti severitate et moderatione cor-
rectum, cum nihil in quenquam cruentum faceret,
ad disciplinam Romanam reduxit. Jugurtham variis
praeliis vicit, elephantos ejus occidit vel cepit : et
cum jam bello finem impositurus esset, successum-
est ei a Caio Mario. Is Jugurtham et Bocchum,
Mauritaniae regem, qui auxilium Jugurthae ferre coe-
perat, pariter superavit: aliquanta et ipse oppida
Numidiae cepit, belloque terminum posuit, capto
Jugurtha per quaestorem suum Cornelium Syllam,
ingentem virum, tradente Boccho Jugurtham, qui
pro eo ante pugnaverat.
A Marco Junio Silano, collega Quinti Metelli,
Cimbri in Gallia, et a Minutio Rufo in Macedonia
38 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Scordisci et Triballi, et a Servilio Caepione in His-

pania Lusitani, victi-sunt ; et duo triumphi de Jugur-
tha, primus per Metellum, secundus per Marium,
acti-sunt. Ante currum tamen Marii Jugurtha cum
duobus filiis ductus-est catenatus, et mox jussu con-
sulis in carcere strangulatus.
 LIBER QUINTUS. 3'J

LIBER QUINTUS.

Dum bellum in Numidia contra Jugurtham geri-

tur, Romani consules, Marcus Manilius et Quintus
Caspio, a Cimbris, et Teutonibus, et Tigurinis, et
Ambronibus, quae erant Germanorum et Gallorum
gentes, victi-sunt juxta flumen Rhodanum ; et, in-
genti internecione attriti, etiam castra sua et magnam
partem exercitus perdiderunt. Timor Romas grandis
fuit, quantus vix Annibalis tempore Punicis bellis,
ne iterum Galli Romam venirent. Ergo Marius,
post victoriam Jugurthinam, secundum consul est-
factus, bellumque ei contra Cimbros et Teutones de-
cretum-est. Tertid quoque ei et quartd delatus-est
consulatus, quia bella cum Cimbris protrahebantur ;
sed in quarto consulatu collegam habuit Quintum
Luctatium Catulum. Cum Cimbris itaque conflixit,
et duobus praeliis ducenta millia cepit et, ducem
eorum, Teutobodum ; propter quod meritum, absens
quintum consul est-factus.
Interea Cimbri et Teutones, quorum copia adhuc
infinita erat, ad Italiam transierunt. Iterum a Caio
Mario et Quinto Catulo contra eos dimicatum-est,
sed a Catuli parte felicius ; nam eo praelio, quod
simul ambo gesserunt, centum quadraginta millia aut
40 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

in pugna aut in fuga caesa sunt, et sexaginta millia

capta. Romani milites ex utroque exercitu trecenti
perierunt. Tria et triginta signa Cimbris sublata-
sunt ; ex his exercitus Marii duo reportavit, Catuli
exercitus triginta et unum. Is belli finis fuit : tri-
umphus utrique decretus-est.
Sexto Julio Caesare et Lucio Marcio Philippo
consulibus, sexcentesimo quinquagesimo nono anno
ab urbe condita, cum prope alia omnia bella ces-
sassent, in Italia gravissimum bellum Picentes, Mar-
si, Pelignique moverunt : qui, cum annis numerosis
jam populo Romano obedirent, tum libertatem sibi
aequam asserere coeperunt. Perniciosum admodum
hoc bellum fuit. Publius Rutilius consul in eo occi-
sus-est ; Caepio, nobilis juvenis ; et Porcius Cato,
alius consul. Duces autem adversus Romanos Pi-
centibus et Marsis fuerunt Titus Vietius, Hierus
Asinius, Titus Herennius, Aulus Cluentius. A Ro-
manis bene contra eos pugnatum-est a Caio Mario,
qui sexies consul fuerat, et a Cnaeo Pompeio, maxi-
me tamen a Lucio Cornelio Sylla, qui inter alia fac
ta egregia ita Cluentium, hostium ducem, cum mag-
nis copiis fudit, ut ex suis nec unum amitteret.
Quadriennio, cum gravi tamen calamitate, hoc bellum
tractum-est : quinto demum anno finem accepit per
Lucium Cornelium Syllam consulem, cum antea in
eodem bello ipse multa strenue praetor gessisset.
Anno urbis conditae sexcentesimo sexagesimo se-
cundo primum Romae bellum civile Caius Marius,
sexies consul, dedit; nam cum Sylla consul contra
Mithridatem gesturus bellum, qui Asiam et Achaiam
occupaverat, mitteretur, isque exercitum in Campa
 LIBER QUINTUS. 41

nia paulisper teneret, ut belli socialis, de quo dixi-

mus, quod intra Italiam gestum fuerat, reliquiae tol-
lerentur, Marius affectavit, ut ipse ad bellum Mithri-
daticum mitteretur: qua re Sylla commotus cum
exercitu ad urbem venit. Illic contra Marium et
Sulpicium dimicavit: primus urbem Romam ingres-
sus-est ; Sulpicium interfecit ; Marium fugavit : at-
que ita consulibus ordinatis in futurum annum Cnaeo
Octavio et Lucio Cornelio China, ad Asiam profec-
tus-est. Mithridates enim, qui Ponti rex erat, atque
Armeniam Minorem et totum Ponticum mare in cir-
cuitu cum Bosphoro tenebat, primd Nicomedem,
amicum populi Romani, Bithynia voluit expellere ;
senatuique mandavit, bellum se ei propter injurias,
quas passus-fuerat, illaturum. A senatu responsum-
est Mithridati, si id faceret, quod et ipse bellum a
Romanis pateretur. Qua re iratus, Cappadociam
statim occupavit, et ex ea Ariobarzanem, regem et
amicum populi Romani, fugavit. Mox etiam Bithy-
niam invasit et Paphlagoniam, pulsis ex ea regibus,
amicis populi Romani, Pylaemene et Nicomede. In-
de ad Ephesum contendit, et per omnem Asiam
literas misit, ut ubicumque inventi-essent cives Ro
mani, uno die occiderentur.
Interea etiam Athenae, civitas Achaiae, ab Aristone
Atheniensi Mithridati tradita-est. Miserat enim jam
ad Achaiam Mithridates Archelaum, ducem suum,
cum centum viginti millibus equitum ac peditum,
per quem etiam reliqua Graecia occupata-est. Sylla
Archelaum apud Piraeum non longe ab Athenis ob-
sedit, ipsamque urbem cepit. Postea commisso
pralio contra Archelaum, ita eum vicit, ut ex centum
42 EUTROPII H1STORIA.

vigihti milHbus vix decern superessent Archelao, et

ex Syllae exercitu quatuordecim tantum homines in-
teTficerentur. Hac pugna Mithridates cognita septu-
aginta millia lectissima ex Asia. Archelao misit, con
tra quem Sylla iterum commisit. Primo praelio
viginti millia hostium interfecta-sunt, filiusque Ar-
chelai Diogenes : secundo omnes Mithridatis copiae
extinctas-sunt ; Archelaus ipse triduo nudus in paiu-
dibus latuit. Hac re cognita, Mithridates cum Sylla
de pace agere coepit.
Interim eo tempore Sylla etiam Dardanos, Scor-
discos, Dalmatas, et Moesos partim vicit, alios in fi-
dem accepit. Sed cum legati a rege Mithridate, qui
pacem petebant, venissent, non aliter se daturum
Sylla esse respondit, nisi rex, relictis his quae occu-
paverat, ad regnum suum rediisset. Postea tamen
ad colloquium ambo venerunt ; pax inter eos ordi-
nata-est, ut Sylla, ad bellum civile festinans, a tergo
periculum non haberet ; nam dum Sylla in Achaia
atque Asia Mithridatem vicit, Marius, qui fugatus-
erat, et Cornelius Cinna, unus ex consulibus, bellum
in Italia repararunt; et ingressi urbem Romam, no-
bilissimos ex senatu et consulares viros interfecerunt,
multos proscripserunt ; ipsius Syllae domo eversa,
filios et uxorem ad fugam compulerunt; univereus
reliquus senatus ex urbe fugiens, ad Syllam in Grae-
ciam venit, orans ut patriae subveniret. Ille in Ita-
liam trajecit, bellum civile gesturus adversus Nor-
banum et Scipionem consules, et primo praelio con
tra Norbanum dimicavit non longe a Capua ; turn
septem millia ejus cecidit, sex millia cepit; cen
tum viginti quatuor suorum amisit. Inde etiam
 LIBER QUINTUS. .

se ad Scipionem convertit, et ante prtelium totum

ejus exercitum sine sanguine in deditionem ac-
cepit.
Sed cum Romae mutati consules essent, et Marius,
Marii filius, ac Papirius Carbo consulatum accepis-
sent, Sylla tamen contra Marium juniorem dimicavit;
et, quindecim millibus ejus occisis, quadringentos de
suis perdidit. Mox etiam et urbem ingressus-est.
Marium, Marii filium, Praeneste persecutus, obsedit,
et ad mortem compulit. Rursus pugnam gravis-
simam habuit contra Lamponium et Carinatem, duces
partis Marianae, ad portam Collinam. Septuaginta
novem millia hostium in eo praelio contra Syllam
fuisse dicuntur ; duodecim millia se Syllae dedide-
runt : caeteri in acie, in castris, in fuga, insatiabili
ira victorum consumpti-sunt. Cnaeus quoque Carbo,
consul alter, ab Arimino ad Siciliam fugit, et ibi per
Cnaeum Pompeium interfectus-est : quem adoles-
centem Sylla, annos unum et viginti natum, cognita
ejus industria, traditis ejus exercitibus praefecerat,
ut secundus a Sylla haberetur.
Occiso ergo Carbone, Pompeius Siciliam recepit.
Transgressus inde ad Africam, Domitium, Marianas
partis ducem, et Hiarbam, regem Mauritaniae, qui
Domitio auxilium ferebat, occidit.
Post haec Sylla de Mithridate ingenti gloria trium-
phavit. Cnaeus etiam Pompeius, quod nulli Roma-
norum tributum-erat, quartum et vicesimum annum
agens, de Africa triumphavit. Hunc finem habue-
runt duo bella funestissima, Italicum, quod et sociale
dictum, et civile : quae ambo tractata-sunt per annos
44 KUTROP1I HISTORIA.

decem ; consumpserunt ultra centum quinquaginta

millia hominum, viros consulares viginti quatuor,
praetorios septem, aedilitios sexaginta, senatores fere
trecentos.
 LIBER SEXTUS.

LIBER SEXTUS.

Marco JEmilio Lepido, Quinto Catulo consulibus,

cum Sylla rempublicam composuisset, bella noVa
exarserunt, unum in Hispania, aliud in Pamphilia
et Cilicia, tertium in Macedonia, quartum in Dal-
matia : nam Sertorius, qui partium Marianarum
fuerat, timens fortunam caeterorum, qui interempti-
erant, ad bellum commovit Hispanias. Missi-sunt
contra eum duces Quintus Caecilius Metellus," filius
ejus, qui Jugurtham regem vicit, et Lucius Domitius
praetor. A Sertorii duce Hirtuleio Domitius occisus-
est. Metellus vario successu contra Sertorium di-
micavit. Postea, cum impar pugnae solus Metellus
putaretur, Cnaeus Pompeius ad Hispanias missus*
est. Ita, duobus ducibus adversis, Sertorius fortuna
varia saepe pugnavit. Octavo demum anno a suis
occisus-est, et finis ei bello datus per Cnaeum Pom-
peium adolescentem et Quintum Metellum Pium ;
atque omnes prope Hispaniae in ditionem populi
Romani redactae-sunt. ' '
Ad Macedoniam missus-est A ppius Claudius post
consulatum. Levia praelia habuit contra varias gen-
tes, quae Rhodopam provinciam incolebant ; atque
ibi morbo mortuus-est. Missus ei successor Cnaeus
Scribonius Curio post consulatum. . Is Dardanos
»
46 EUTROPII HIBTOKIA.

vicit; et usque ad Danubium penetravit; trium-

phumque meruit ; et intra triennium finem bello
dedit.
Ad Ciliciam et Pamphiliam missus-est Publius
Servilius ex consule, vir strenuus. Is Ciliciam sub-
egit; Lyciae urbes clarissimas oppugnavit et cepit,
in his Phaselidem, Olympum, Coricum Ciliciae.
Isauros quoque aggressus, in deditionem redegit,
atque intra triennium bello finem dedit. Primus
omnium Romanorum in Tauro iter fecit. Rever-
tens triumphum accepit, et nomen Isaurici meruit.
Ad Illyricum missus-est Cnaeus Cosconius pro
consul. Multam partem Dalmatian subegit ; Salo-
nas cepit; et, composito bello, Romam post biennium
rediit.
lisdem temporibus consul Marcus iEmilius Lepidus,
Catuli collega, bellum civile voluit commovere; in
tra tamen unam asstatem motus ejus oppressus-est.
Ita uno tempore multi simul triumphi fuerunt, Metelli
ex Hispania, Pompeii secundus ex Hispania, Curi-
onis ex Macedonia, Servilii ex Isauria.
Anno urbis conditae sexcentesimo septuagesimo
sexto, Lucio Licinio Lucullo et Marco Aurelio
Cotta consulibus, mortuus-est Nicomedes, rex Bi-
thyniae, et per testamentum populum Romanum
fecit haeredem.
Mithridates, pace rupta, Bithyniam et Asiam rur-
sus voluit invadere. Adversus eum ambo consules
missi variam habuere fortunam. Cotta apud Chal-
cedonem victus ab eo acie, etiam intra oppidum co-
actus-est et obsessus. Sed cum se inde Mithridates
Cyzicum transtulisset, ut, Cyzico capto, totam Asiam
 LIBKR SBXTU8.

invaderet, Lucullus ei alter consul occurrit, ac dum

Mithridates in obsidione Cyzici commoraretur, ipse
a tergo obsedit, fameque consumpsit, et multis prae-
His vicit : postremd Byzantium, quae nunc Constan-
tinopolis est, fugavit. Navali quoque praelio duces
ejus Lucullus oppressit. Ita una hyeme et aestate
a Lucullo ad centum fere millia hominum ex parte
regis extincta-sunt.
Anno urbis Romas sexcentesimo septuagesimo oc
tavo Macedoniam provinciam Marcus Licinius Lu
cullus accepit, consobrinus Luculli, qui contra Mi-
thridatem bellum gerebat : et in Italia novum bellum
subitd commotum-est. Octoginta enim et quatuor
gladiatores, ducibus Spartaco, Chryso, et CEnomao,
effracto Capuae ludo, effugerunt; et, per Italiam va-
gantes, pene non levius bellum in ea, quam Annibal
moverat, paraverunt : nam multis ducibus et duobus
simul Romanorum consulibus victis, sexaginta fere
millium armatorum exercitum congregaverunt ; vic-
tique sunt in Apulia a Marco Licinio Crasso pro
consule; et post multas calamitates Italiae, tertio
anno bello huic finis imponitur.
Sexcentesimo octogesimo primo urbis conditae
anno, Publio Cornelio Lentulo et Cnaeo Aufidio
Oreste consulibus, duo tantum gravia bella in impe-
rio Romano erant, Mithridaticum et Macedonicum :
haec duo Luculli agebant, Lucius Lucullus et Mar
cus Lucullus. Lucius ergo Lucullus post pugnam
Cyzicenam, qua vicerat Mithridatem, et navalem,
qua duces ejus oppresserat, persecutus-est eum ; et,
recepta Paphlagonia atque Bithynia, etiam regnum
ejus invasit. Sinopen et Amisum, civitates Ponti
48 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

nobilissimas, cepit. Secundo praelio, apud Cabira

civitatera, qud ingentes copias ex omni regno ad-
duxerat Mithridates, cum triginta millia lectissima
regis a quinque Romanorum millibus vastata-essent,
Mithridates fugatus, et castra ejus direpta. Arme
nia quoque Minor, quam tenuerat, eidem sublata-
est. Susceptus tamen est Mithridates post fugam a
Tigrane, Armenias rege, qui tum ingenti gloria impe-
rabat. Persas saepe vicerat ; Mesopotamiam oc-
cupaverat, et Syriam, et Phoenices partem. Ergo
Lucullus, repetens hostem fugatum, etiam regnum
Tigranis, qui Armeniis imperabat, ingressus-est.
Tigranocerta, civitatem Armeniae nobilissimam, ce
pit ; ipsum regem, cum sexcentis millibus sagit-
tariorum et armatorum venientem, octodecim millia
militum habens, ita vicit, ut magnam partem Arme-
niorum deleverit. Inde Nisibin profectus, eam quo
que civitatem cum regis fratre cepit. Sed hi, quos
in Ponto Lucullus reliquerat cum exercitus parte,
ut regiones victas etiam Romanos tuerentur, negli-
genter se et avare agentes, occasionem iterum Mi-
thridati in Pontum irrumpendi dederunt, atque ita
bellum renovatum-est. Lucullo paranti, capta Ni-
sibi, contra Persas expeditionem, successor est-
missus. -
Alter Lucullus, qui Macedoniam administrabat,
Bessis Romanorum primus intulit bellum, atque eos
ingenti pralio in Mmo monte superavit ; oppidum
Uscudamam, quod Bessi habitabant, eodem die, quo
aggressus-est, vicit ; Cabylen cepit ; usque ad Da-
nubium penetravit. Inde multas super Pontum
positas civitates aggressus-est. Illic Apolloniam
 LIBER SEXTUS.

- evertit, Calatin, Parthenopolin, Tomos, Istrum ;

- Byziam omnem cepit; belloque confecto, Romam
rediit. Ambo tamen triumphaverunt, Lucullus, qui
contra Mithridatem pugnaverat, majori gloria, cum
tantorum regnorum victor rediisset.
; Confecto bello Macedonico, manente Mithridatico,
-quod, recedente Lucullo, rex collectis auxiliis repa-
raverat, bellum Creticum ortum-est; ad id missus
Caecilius Metellus, ingentibus praeliis intra triennium
omnem provinciam cepit; appellatusque est Creti-
cus, atque ex insula triumphavit. Quo tempore Li
bya quoque Romano imperio per testamentum Api-
onis, qui rex ejus fuerat, accessit, in qua inclytae
civitates erant, Berenice, Ptolemais, et Cyrene.
Dum haec geruntur, piratae omnia maria infesta-
bant, ita ut navigatio Romanis, toto orbe victoribus,
sola tuta non esset. Quare id bellum Cnaeo Pom-
peio decretum-est, quod intra paucos menses ingenti
felicitate et celeritate confecit. Mox ei delatum bel
lum etiam contra regem Mithridatem et Tigranem ;
quo suscepto, Mithridatem in Armenia Minore noc-
turno praelio vicit, castra diripuit, quadraginta mil-
libus ejus occisis; viginti tantum de exercitu suo
perdidit, et duos centuriones. Mithridates cum
uxore fugit, duobus comitibus; neque multd post,
cum in suos saeviret, Pharnacis, filii sui, seditione
apud milites ad mortem coactus, venenum hausit.
Hunc finem habuit Mithridates ; periit autem apud
Bosphorum, vir ingentis industrias consiliique. Re-
gnavit annos sexaginta ; vixit septuaginta duos ; con-
Ira Romanos bellum habuit annos quadraginta.
^ . Tigrani deinde Pompeius bellum intulit : ille se
 EUTROPII HISTOKIA.

ei dedidit ; in castra Pompeii sexto decimo milli-

ario ab Artaxata venit ; ac diadema suum, cum pro-
cubuisset ad genua Pompeii, in manibus ejus collo-
eavit, quod ei Pompeius reposuit ; honorificeque eum
habitum, regni tamen parte mulctavit et grandi pe-
cunia : adempta-est ei Syria, Phoenice, Sophene ;
sex millia praeterea talentorum argenti, quae populo
Romano daret, quia bellum sine causa Romanis
commovisset.
Pompeius mox etiam Albanis bellum intulit, et,
eorum regem, Orodem ter vicit ; postremd per epis-
tolas et munera rogatus, veniam ei ac pacem dedit.
Iberiae quoque regem, Arthacem vicit acie, et in de-
ditionem accepit. Armeniam Minorem Deiotaro,
Galatiae regi, donavit, quia socius belli Mithridatici
fuerat. Attalo et Philaemeni Paphlagoniam reddidit-;
Aristarchum Colchis regem imposuit. Mox Ituraeos
et Araibes vicit : et cum venisset in Syriam, Seleu-
ciam, vicinam Antiochae civitatem, libertate donavit,
ed quod regem Tigranem non recepisset. Antio-
chensibus obsides reddidit. Aliquantum agrorum
Daphnensibus dedit, qu6 lucus ibi spatiosior fieret,
delectatus amoenitate loci et aquarum abundantia.
Inde ad Judaeam transgressus, Hierosolymam, caput
gentis, tertio mense cepit ; duodecim millibus Judae-
orum occisis ; caeteris in fidem acceptis. His gestis,
in Asiam se recepit, et finem antiquissimo bello
dedit.
Marco Tullio Cicerone, Caio Antonio consulibus,
anno ab urbe condita sexcentesimo octogesimo nono,
Lucius Sergius Catilina, nobilissimi generis vir sed
ingenii pravissimi, ad delendam patriam conjuravit,
 LIBBR SEXTUS.

cum quibusdam Claris quidem sed audacibus viris.

A Cicerone urbe expulsus-est ; socii ejus deprehensi
in carcere strangulati-sunt ; ab Antonio, altera con-
sule, Catilina ipse in praelio victus-est et interfectus.
Sexcentesimo nonagesimo anno ab urbe condita,
Decio Junio Silano et Lucio Muraena consulibus>
Metellus de Creta triumphavit ; Pompeius de bello
Piratico et Mithridatico. Nulla unquam triumphi
pompa similis fuit ; ducti-sunt ante ejus currum
filius Mithridatis, films Tigranis, Aristobulus, rex Ju-
daeorum ; praelata ingens pecunia, auri atque argenti
infinitum pond us. H6c tempore nullum per orbem
terrarum grave bellum erat.
Anno urbis conditae sexcentesimo nonagesimo
tertio, Caius Julius Caesar, qui postea imperavit,
cum Lucio Bibulo consul est-factus ; decreta ei
Gallia et Illyricum cum legionibus decem. Is primd
vicit Helvetios, qui nunc Sequani appellantur ; de-
inde, vincendo per bella gravissima, usque ad oce-
anum Britannicum processit. Domuit autem annis
fere novem omnem Galliam, quae inter Alpes, flumen
Rhodanum, Rhenum, et Oceanum est, et circuitu
patet ad bis tricies centena millia passuum. Brir
tannis mox bellum intulit, quibus ante eum ne no-
men quidem Romanorum cognitum erat; et eos
quoque victos, obsidibus acceptis, stipendiaries fecit.
Galliae autem tributi nomine annuum imperavit ses-
tertium quadringenties ; Germanosque trans Rhe
num aggressus, immanissimis praeliis vicit. Inter tot
successus ter male pugnavit, apud Arvernos semel
prsesens, et absens in Germania bis, nam, legati ejus
duo, Titurius et Aurunculeius, per insidiascaesi-sunt.
 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

. Circa eadem tempora, anno urbis conditae sexcen-

tesimo nonagesimo septimo, Marcus Licinius Crassus,
collega Cnaei Pompeii Magni in consulatu secundo,
contra Parthos missus-est ; et cum circa Carras con
tra omina et auspicia dimicasset, a Surena, Orodis
regis duce, victus, ad postremum interfectus-est,
cum filio, clarissimo et praestantissimo juvene. Re
liquiae exercitfis per Caium Cassium quaestorem ser-
vatae-sunt, qui singulari animo perditas res tanta vir-
tute restituit, ut Persas, rediens trans Euphratem,
crebris praliis vinceret.
Hinc jam bellum civile successit, execrandum et
lacrymabile, quo, praeter calamitates quae praeliis
acciderunt, etiam Romani nominis fortuna mutata-
est. Caesar enim rediens e Gallia victor, coepit de-
poscere alteram consulatum, atque, cum sine dubie-
tate aliqua deferretur, contradictum-est a Marcello
consule, a Bibulo, a Pompeio, a Catone; jussusque,
dimissis exercitibus, ad urbem redire : propter quam
injuriam ab Arimino, ubi milites congregatos habebat,
adversum patriam cum exercitu venit. Consules
cum Pompeio, senatusque omnis, atque universa no-
bilitas ex urbe fugit, et in Graeciam transivit ; apud
Epirum, Macedoniam, Achaiam, Pompeio duce, con
tra Caesarem bellum paravit.
Caesar, vacuam urbem ingressus, dictatorem se
fecit. Inde Hispanias petiit. Ibi Pompeii exercitus
validissimos et fortissimos, cum tribus ducibus, Lucio
Afranio, Marco Petreio, Marco Varrone, superavit.
Inde reversus, in Graeciam transivit. Adversum
Pompeium dimicavit ; primo praelio victus-est et fu-
gatus, evasit tamen, quia, nocte interveniente, Pom
 LIBER SEXTUS.

peius sequi noluit ; dixitque Caesar, nec Pompeium

scire vincere, et illo tantum die se potuisse superari.
Deinde in Thessalia apud Palaeopharsalum, productis
utrinque ingentibus copiis, dimicaverunt. Pompeii
acies habuit quadraginta millia peditum, equitum in
sinistra cornu septem millia, in dextro quingenta,
praeterea. totius Orientis auxilia, totamque nobilita-
tem, innumeros senatores, praetorios, consulares, et
qui magnorum jam populorum victores fuissent.
Caesar in acie sua habuit peditum non integra trigin-
ta millia, equites mille. Nunquam adhuc Romanae
copiae in unum neque majores, neque melioribus du-
cibus, convenerant, totum terrarum orbem facile
subacturae, si contra barbaros ducerentur. Pugna-
tum tamen est ingenti contentione, victusque ad
postremum Pompeius, et castra ejus direpta-sunt.
Ipse fugatus Alexandriam petiit, ut a rege iEgypti,
cui tutor a senatu datus-fuerat propter juvenilem
ejus aetatem, acciperet auxilia, qui, fortunam magis
quam amicitiam secutus, occidit Pompeium ; caput
ejus et annulum Caesari misit; quo conspectu Caesar
etiam lacrymas fudisse dicitur, tanti viri intuens ca
put et generi quondam sui. . ,
Mox Caesar Alexandriam venit ; ipsi quoque Pto-
lemaeus parare voluit insidias ; qua causa regi bel-
lum illatum-est : victus in Nilo periit, inventumque
est corpus ejus cum lorica aurea. Caesar, Alexandria
potitus, regnum Cleopatrae dedit, Ptolemasi sorori.
Rediens inde, Caesar, Pharnacem, Mithridatis Magni
filium, qui Pompeio in auxilium apud Thessaliam
fuerat, rebellantem in Ponto et multas populi Ro-
mani provincias occupantem, vicit acie ; postea ad
54 EUTBOPII HISTORIA.

mortem coegit. Inde Romam regressus, tertid se

consulem fecit cum Marco iEmilio Lepido, qui ei
magister equitum dictatori ante annum fuerat. Inde
in Africam profectus-est, ubi infinita nobilitas cum
Juba, Mauritaniae rege, bellum reparaverat. Duces
autem Romani erant Publius Cornelius Scipio, ex
genere antiquissimo Scipionis Africani, (hic etiam
socer Magni Pompeii fuerat,) Marcus Petreius, Quin-
tus Varus, Marcus Porcius Cato, Lucius Cornelius
Faustus, Syllae dictatoris nlius. Contra hos com-
misso praelio, post multas dimicationes victor fuit.
Cato, Scipio, Petreius, Juba, ipsi se occiderunt;
Faustus, Pompeii gener, a Caesare interfectus-est.
Post annum Caesar, Romam regressus, quartum
se consulem fecit, et statim ad Hispanias est-pro-
fectus, ubi, Pompeii filii, Cnaeus et Sextus, ingens <
bellum reparaverant. Multa praelia fuerunt; ulti-
mum praelium apud Mundam civitatem, in quo adeo
Caesar pene victus-est, ut, fugientibus suis, se volu-
erit occidere, ne, post tantam rei militaris gloriam,
in potestatem adolescentium, natus annos sex et
quinquaginta, veniret. Denique, reparatis suis, vi-
cit ; et Pompeii Alius major occisus-est, minor fugit.
Inde Caesar, bellis civilibus toto orbe compositis,
Romam rediit: agere insolentiCis coepit, et contra
consuetudinem Romanae libertatis. Cum ergo et
honores ex sua voluntate praestaret, qui a populo
antea deferebantur, nec senatui ad se venienti assur-
geret, aliaque regia ac pene tyrannica faceret, con-
juratum-est in eum a sexaginta vel amplius sena-
toribus equitibusque Romanis. Praecipui fuerunt
inter conjuratos duo Bruti, ex eo genere Bruti qui
 LIBBR SEXTUS. 56

primus Romae consul est-factus et reges expulerat,

Caius Cassius, et Servilius Casca. Ergo Caesar,
cum senatus die quadam inter caeteros venisset ad
curiam, tribus et viginti vulneribus confossus-est.
 EUT-R0P1I HISTORIA.

LIBER SEPTIMUS.

Anno urbis septingentesimo fere ac nono, inter-

fecto Caesare, bella civilia reparata-sunt ; percusso-
ribus enim Caesaris senatus favebat ; Antonius con
sul, partium Caesaris, civili bello opprimere eos co-
nabatur. Ergo turbata republica, multa Antonius
scelera committens, a senatu hostis judicatus-est.
Missi ad eum persequendum duo consules, Pansa et
Hirtius, et Octavianus, adolescens annos octodecim
natus, Caesaris nepos, quem ille testamento haeredem
reliquerat, et nomen suum ferre jusserat ; hie est,
qui postea Augustus est dictus et rerum 'potitus.
Quare profecti contra Antonium, tres duces vicerunt
eum. Evenit tamen, ut victores consules ambo
morirentur ; quare tres exercitus uni Caesari parue-
runt.
Fugatus Antonius, amisso exercitu, confugit ad
Lepidum, qui Caesari magister equitum fuerat, et
tum copias militum grandes habebat, a quo suscep-
tus-est. Mox, Lepido 'operam dante, Caesar cum
Antonio pacem fecit ; et quasi vindicaturus patris
sui mortem, a quo per testamentum fuerat adoptatus,
Romam cum exercitu profectus-est, extorsitque, ut
sibi vigesimo anno consulatus daretur. Senatum
 LIBER SEPTIMUS.

proscripsit cum Antonio et Lepido, et rempublicam

armis tenere coepit. Per hos etiam Cicero orator
occisus-est, multique alii nobiles.
Interea Brutus et Cassius, interfectores Caesaris,
ingens bellum moverunt : erant enim per Macedo
niam et Orientem multi exercitus, quos occupave-
runt. Profecti igitur contra eos, Caesar Octavianus
Augustus et Marcus Antonius (remanserat enim ad
defendendam Italiam Lepidus) apud Philippos, Ma
cedonia urbem, contra eos pugnaverunt. Primo
praelio victi-sunt Antonius et Caesar, periit tamen,
dux nobilitatis, Cassius ; secundo Brutus et infinita
nobilitas, quae cum illis bellum gesserat : ac sic inter
eos divisa-est respublica, ut Augustus Hispanias,
Gallias, Italiam teneret, Antonius Asiam, Pontum,
Orientem. Sed intra Italiam Lucius Antonius con
sul bellum civile commovit, frater ejus, qui cum
Caesare contra Brutum et Cassium dimicaverat : is
apud Perusiam, Tusciae civitatem, victus et captus
est, neque occisus.
Interim a Sexto Pompeio, Cnaei Pompeii Mag-
ni filio, ingens bellum in Sicilia. commotum-est,
his, qui superfuerant ex partibus Bruti Cassiique,
ad eum confluentibus. Bellatum per Caesarem
Augustum Octavianum et Marcum Antonium ad-
versus Sextum Pompeium. Pax postremd con-
venit.
Eo tempore Marcus Agrippa in Aquitania rem
prospere gessit: et Lucius Ventidius Bassus, irrum-
pentes in Syriam, Persas tribus praeliis vicit. Pa-
corum, regis Orodis filium, interfecit eo ipso die,
quo olim Orodes, Persarum rex, per ducem Sure
58 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

nam, Crassum occiderat. Hie primus de Parthis

justissimum triumphum Romae egit.
Interim Pompeius pacem rupit, et, navali praelio
victus, fugiens ad Asiam, interfectus-est. 1
Antonius, qui Asiam et Orientem tenebat, repu
diate sorore Caesaris Augusti Octaviani, Cleopatram,
reginam iEgypti, duxit uxorem. Contra Persas ipse
etiam pugnavit : primis eos praeliis vicit ; regrediens
tamen fame et pestilentia laboravit, et, cum instarent
Parthi fugienti, ipse pro victo recessit. Hie quoque
ingens bellum civile commovit, cogente uxore Cleo
patra, regina iEgypti ; dum cupiditate muliebri optat
etiam in urbe regnare. Victus-est ab Augusto navali
pugna, clara et illustri, apud Actium, qui locus in
Epiro est ; ex qua fugit in iEgyptum, et, desperatis
rebus, cum omnes ad Augustum transirent, ipse se
interemit. Cleopatra sibi aspidem admisit, et veneno
ejus extincta-est. iEgyptus per Octavianum Augus
tum imperio Romano adjectus-est, praepositusque
ejus factus-est Cnaeus Cornelius Gallus ; hunc pri-
mum iEgyptus Romanum judicem habuit.
Ita bellis toto orbe confectis, Octavianus Augustus
Romam rediit duodecimo anno postquam consul
fuerat. Ex eo rempublicam per quadraginta quatuor
annos solus obtinuit ; ante enim duodecim annis cum
Antonio et Lepido tenuerat. Ita ab initio principatus
ejus usque ad finem, quinquaginta sex anni fuerunt.
Obiit autem octogesimo sexto anno morte communi,
in oppido Campaniae Atella ; Romae in Campo Mar-
tio sepelitur ; vir qui non immeritd ex maxima parte
deo similis est-putatus, neque enim facile ullus eo
aut in bellis felicior fuit, aut in pace moderatior ;
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 59

quadraginta quatuor annos, quibus solus gessit im-

perium, civilissime vixit, in cunctos liberalissimus,
in amicos fidissimus, quos tantis evexit honoribus, ut
pehe aequaret fastigio suo. Nullo tempore ante eum
res Romana magis floruit; nam, exceptis civilibus
bellis, in quibus invictus fuit, Romano adjecit im-
perio iEgyptum, Cantabriam, Dalmatiam, saepe ante
victam sed penitus tunc subactam, Pannoniam,
Aquitaniam, Illyricum, Rhaetiam, Vindelicos et Sa-
lassos in Alpibus, omnes Ponti maritimas civitates,
in his nobilissimas Bosporum et Panticapaeon. Vicit
autem praeliis Dacos ; Germanorum ingentes copias
cecidit ; ipsos quoque trans Albim fluvium submovit,
qui in Barbarico longe ultra Rhenum est : hoc tamen
bellum per Drusum, privignum suum, administravit,
sicut per privignum Tiberium alterum Pannonicum,
quo bello trecenta millia captivorum ex Germania
transtulit, et super ripam Rheni in Gallia collocavit.
Armeniam a Parthis recepit. Obsides, quod nulli
antea, Persae ei dederunt. Reddiderunt etiam signa
Romana, quae Crasso victo ademerant. Scythae et
Indi, quibus antea Romanorum nomen incognitum
fuerat, munera et legatos ad eum miserunt. Galatia
quoque sub hdc provincia facta-est, cum antea reg-
num fuisset, primusque eam Marcus Lollius pro
praetore administravit. Tanto autem amore etiam
apud barbaros fuit, ut reges, populi Romani amici,
in honorem ejus conderent civitates, quas Caesareas
nominarent, sicut in Mauritania a rege JuM, et in
Palaestina, quae nunc est urbs clarissima. Multi
autem reges ex regnis suis venerunt, et habitu Ro
mano, togati scilicet, ad vehiculum vel equum ipsius
60 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

cucurrerunt. Moriens divus appellatus-est. Rem-

publicam beatissimam Tiberio successori reliquit, qui
privignus ejus, mox gener, postremd adoptione filius
fuerat.
Tiberius ingenti socordia imperium gessit, gravi
crudelitate, scelesta avaritia, turpi libidine ; nam
nusquam ipse pugnavit ; bella per legatos suos ges
sit : quosdam reges, ad se per blanditias evocatos,
nunquam remisit, in queis Archelaum Cappadocem,
cujus etiam regnum in provinciae formam redegit, et
maximam civitatem appellari suo nomine jussit, quae
nunc Caesarea dicitur, cum Mazaca antea vocaretur.
Hic tertio et vigesimo imperii anno, aetatis octoge-
simo tertio, ingenti omnium gaudio, mortuus-est in
Campania.
Successit ei Caius Caesar, cognomento Caligula,
Drusi privigni Augusti, et ipsius Tiberii nepos, scele-
ratissimus ac funestissimus, et qui etiam Tiberii de-
decora purgaverit. Bellum contra Germanos susce-
pit ; et ingressus Sueviam, nihil strenue fecit. Cum
adversum cunctos ingenti avaritia, libidine, crudeli
tate saeviret, interfectus in palatio est, anno aetatis
suae trigesimo nono, imperii tertio, mense decimo,
dieque octavo.
Post hunc Claudius fuit, patruus Caligulae,
Drusi, qui apud Moguntiacum monumentum habet,
filius, cujus et Caligula nepos erat. Hic medie im-
peravit, multa gerens tranquille atque moderate,
quaedam crudeliter atque insulse. Britanniae intulit
bellum, quam nullus Romanorum post Julium Cae-
sarem attigerat; eakpie devicta per Cnaeum Sentium
et Aulum Plautium, illustres et nobiles viros, trium
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 61

phum celebrem egit. Quasdam insulas etiam, ultra

Britanniam in oceano positas, Romano imperio ad-
didit, quae appellantur Orcades ; filioque suo Bri-
tannici nomen imposuit. Tam civilis autem circa
quosdam amicos exstitit, ut etiam Plautium, nobilem
virum, qui in expeditione Britannica multa ac egre-
gia fecerat, triumphantem ipse prosequeretur, et con-
scendenti capitolium laevus incederet. Is vixit annos
sexaginta quatuor ; imperavit quatuordecim : post
mortem consecratus-est, divusque appellatus.
Successit huic Nero, Caligulae, avunculo suo, si-
millimus, qui imperium Romanum et deformavit et
diminuit; inusitatae luxuriae sumptuumque, ut qui,
exemplo Caii Caligulae, calidis et frigidis se lavaret
unguentis ; retibus aureis piscaretur, quae blatteis
funibus extrahebat. Infinitam partem senatus inter-
fecit. Bonis omnibus hostis fuit. Ad postremum se
tanto dedecore prostituit, ut saltaret et cantaret in
scena citharoedico habitu et tragico. Parricidia multa
commisit, fratre, uxore, matre interfectis. Urbem
Romam incendit, ut spectaculi ejus imaginem cer-
neret, quasi olim Troja capta arserat.
In re militari nihil omnino ausus, Britanniam pene
amisit ; nam duo sub hoc nobilissima oppida capta
illic atque eversa sunt. Armeniam Parthi sustule-
runt, legionesque Romanas sub jugum miserunt. Duae
tamen provinciae sub eo factae-sunt, Pontus Polemo-
niacus, concedente rege Polemone, et Alpes, Cottio
rege defuncto.
Propter hoc Romanae urbi execrabilis, ab omnibus
simul destitutus, et a senatu hostis judicatus, quum
quaereretur ad poenam, (quae poena erat talis, ut
(32 KUTROPII H1STORIA.

nudus per publicum ductus, furca capiti ejus inserta,

virgis usque ad mortem casderetur, atque ita praeci-
pitaretur de saxo,) e palatio fugit, et in suburbano
se liberti sui, quod est inter Salariam et Nomentanam
viam, ad quartum urbis milliarium, interfecit. Is
aedificavit Roma? thermas, quae ante Neronianae dictae,
nunc Alexandrinae appellantur. Obiit trigesimo et
altero aetatis anno, imperii decimo quarto ; atque in
eo omnis familia Augusti consumpta-est.
Huic Sergius Galba successit, antiquissimae no-
bilitatis senator, cum septuagesimum tertium annum
ageret aetatis, ab Hispanis et Gallis imperator elec-
tus, mox ab universo exercitu libenter acceptus-est ;
nam privata ejus vita insignis fuerat militaribus et
civilibus rebus, saepe consul, saepe proconsul, fre
quenter dux in gravissimis bellis. Hujus breve im-
perium fuit, et quod bona haberet exordia, nisi ad
severitatem propensior videretur. Insidiis tamen
Othonis occisus-est imperii mense septimo in foro
Romae, sepultusque in hortis suis, qui sunt Aurelia
via non longe ab urbe Roma.
Otho, occiso Galba, invasit imperium, materno
genere nobilior quam paterno, neutro tamen obscuro.
In privata vita mollis ; in imperio documentum sui
non potuit ostendere, nam cum iisdem temporibus,
quibus Otho Galbam occiderat, etiam Vitellius fac-
tus-esset a Germaniacis exercitibus imperator, bello
contra eum suscepto, cum apud Bebriacum in Italia
levi praelio victus-esset, ingentes tamen copias ha
beret, sponte semetipsum occidit, petentibus mili-
tibus ne tam citd de belli desperaret eventu, cum
tanti non esse dixisset, ut propter eum civile bellum
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 63

commoveretur. Voluntaria morte obiit trigesimo et

octavo aetatis anno, nonagesimo et quinto imperii
die.
Dein Vitellius imperio potitus-est, familia honorata
magls quam nobili, nam pater ejus non admodum
clare natus, tres tamen ordinarios gesserat consu-
latus. Hie cum multo dedecore imperavit, et gravi
saevitia notabilis, praecipue ingluvie et voracitate,
quippe cum de die saepe quartd vel quintd feratur
epulatus. Notissima certe coena memoriae mandata-
est, quam ei Vitellius frater exhibuit, in qua, super
caeteros sumptus, duo millia piscium, septem avium
millia apposita traduntur.
Hie, cum Neroni similis esse vellet, atque id
aded prae se ferret, ut etiam exequias Neronis, quae
humiliter sepultae fuerant, honoraret, a Vespasiani
ducibus occisus-est, interfecto prius Sabino, Vespa
siani imperatoris fratre, quem cum capitolio incendit.
Interfectus autem, et cum magno dedecore tractus
per urbem Romam publice nudus, erecta coma et
capite, subjecto ad mentum gladio, stercore in vultum
et pectus ab omnibus obviis appetitus ; postremd
jugulatus, et in Tiberim dejectus, etiam communi
caruit sepultura. Periit autem aetatis anno septimo
et quinquagesimo, imperii mense octavo et die uno.
Vespasianus huic successit, factus apud Palaes-
tinam imperator, princeps obscure quidem natus sed
optimis comparandus, privata vita illustris ; ut qui a
Claudio in Germaniam, deinde in Britanniam mis
sus, tricies et bis cum hoste conflixerit ; duas vali-
dissimas gentes, viginti oppida, insiilam Vectam,
Britanniae proximam, imperio Romano adjecerit.
(54 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Romae se in imperio moderatissime gessit ; pecuniae

tamen avidior fuit, ita ut eam nulli injuste auferret,
quam cum omni diligentiae provisione colligeret,
tamen studiosissime largiebatur, praecipue indigenti-
bus ; nec facile ante eum cujusquam principis vel
major est liberalitas comperta vel justior: placidis-
simae bonitatis, ut qui majestatis quoque contra se
reos non facile puniret ultra exilii poenam.
Sub hdc Judaea Romano accessit imperio, et
Hierosolyma, quae fuit urbs clarissima Palaestinae.
Achaiam, Lyciam, Rhodum, Byzantium, Samum,
quae liberae ante hoc tempus fuerant, item Thraciam,
Ciliciam, Tracheam, Comagenam, quae sub regibus
amicis, in provinciarum formam redegit.
Offensarum et inimicitiarum immemor fuit ; con-
vicia a causidicis et philosophis in se dicta, leniter
tulit ; diligens tamen coercitor disciplinae militaris.
Hie cum Tito filio de Hierosolymis triumphavit.
Per haec cum senatui et populo, postremd cunctis,
amabilis ac jucundus esset, profluvio ventris extinc-
tus-est in villa propria circa Sabinos, annum aetatis
agens sexagesimum nonum, imperii nonum et diem
septimum ; atque inter divos relatus-est.
Huic Titus filius successit, qui et ipse Vespa-
sianus est-dictus, vir omnium virtutum genere mira-
bilis, aded ut amor et deliciae humani generis dice-
retur. Facundissimus, bellicosissimus, moderatissi-
mus ; causas Latine egit ; poemata et tragoedias Graece
composuit. In oppugnatione Hierosolymorum sub
patre militans, duodecim propugnatores duodecim
sagittarum ictibus confixit. Romae tantae civilitatis
in imperio fuit, ut nullum omnino puniret ; convictos
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. G5

adversum sese conjurationis ita dimiserit, ut in eadem

familiaritate, qua. antea, habuerit. Facilitatis tantae
fuit et liberalitatis, ut nulli quidquam negaret, et
cum ab amicis reprehenderetur, respondit, nullum
tristem debere ab imperatore discedere. Propterea
cum quadam die in coena recordatus-fuisset, nihil se
illo die cuiquam praestitisse, dixit, " O amici, hodie
diem perdidi." Hie Romas amphitheatrum aedifica-
vit, et quinque millia ferarum in dedicatione ejus
occidit.
Per haec inusitato favore dilectus, morbo periit in
ea, qua pater, villa, post biennium, menses octo, dies
viginti, quam imperator erat-factus, aetatis anno altero
et quadragesimo. Tantus luctus eo mortuo publicus
fuit, ut omnes tanquam in propria doluerint orbitate.
Senatus, obitu ipsius circa vesperam nuntiato, nocte
irrupit in curiam, et tantas ei mortuo gratias laudes-
que congessit, quantas nec vivo unquam egerat, nec
praesenti. Inter divos relatus-est.
Domitianus mox accepit imperium, frater ipsius
junior, Neroni, aut Caligulae, aut Tiberio similior,
quam patri vel fratri suo : primis tamen annis mode-
ratus in imperio fuit ; mox ad ingentia vitia progres-
sus libidinis, iracundiae, crudelitatis, avaritiae, tantum
in se odium concitayit, ut merita patris et fratris
aboleret. Interfecit nobilissimos ex senatu. Domi-
num se et deum primus appellari jussit ; nullam sibi
nisi auream et argenteam statuam in capitolio poni
passus-est. Consobrinos suos interfecit. Superbia
quoque n eo execrabilis fuit.
Expeditiones quatuor habuit, unam adversus Sar-
matas, alteram adversus Cattos, duas adversum Da
i
06 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

cos. De Dacis Cattisque duplicem quideni trium-

phum egit ; de Sarmatis solam lauream usurpavit.
Multas quidem calamitates iisdem bellis passus-est,
nam in Sarmatia legiones ejus cum duce interfectae,
et a Dacis Appius Sabinus consularis et Cornelius
Fuscus, pnefectus praetorio, cum magnis exercitibus
occisi sunt. Romae quoque multa opera fecit, in his
Capitolium et Forum Transitorium, Odeum, Porticus,
Isium ac Serapium, et Stadium.
Verum cum ob scelera universis exosus esse coe-
pisset, interfectus-est suorum conjuratione in palatio,
anno aetatis quadragesimo quinto, imperii quinto de-
,cimo. Funus ejus, cum ingenti dedecore per ves-
pillones exportatum ignobiliter est-sepultum.
 OF EUTROPIUS HISTORY.
EUTROPIUS'S HISTORY.

BOOK FIRST.
THE FIRST BOOK.

Roman empire, than-which neither from beginning any almost

The Roman empire, than which the annals of mankind can ad-
iess, neither in-growings whole in-globe large,
duce scarcely any smaller in its commencement, or more ex-
liuman is-able memory to-call-to-mind, from Romulus beginning
tensive in its progress throughout the world, has its origin from
has ; who, Vestal of-virgin son, and, as-much-as
Romulus; who, being the son of a Vestal virgin, and, as was
having-been-thought he-is, of-Mars, with Remus brother one in-birth having-
supposed, of Mars, was brought forth with his brother
been-given-forth is. He, when among shepherds he-might-be-
Remus at one birth. He, leading a predatory life among shep- ,
lobbing, eighteen years born, city small in Pala-
herds, when eighteen years old, founded a small city on the
tine mount established, eleventh the-calends of-May, of-
Palatine hill, on the eleventh of the calends of May, in the
Olympiad sixth in-year third, after of-Troy the-cutting-down
third year of the sixth Olympiad, and the three hundred and
three-hundredth ninetieth fourth.
ninety-fourth from the fall of Troy.
Having-been-put-together the-eity, which from name his-own Rome
The city being founded, which he called Rome after his
he-called, these almost he-did : multitude
own name, his proceedings were principally these : he admitted
of-the-bordering into the-city he-received; hundred
a multitude of the neighbouring inhabitants into the city ; he se-
from more-old he-chose-out, whose by-counsel all
lected a hundred from the elders, by whose advice he might act
a
t
2 EUTROPIUS. BOOK I.

he-might-do, whom Senators he-named on-account-of old-age.

on all occasions, and from their age named them Senators.
Then, when wives self and people not might-
Next, since the want of wives was felt both by himself and the
bave, he-invited to spectacle of-games, neighbouring to-the-city
people, he invited the states contiguous to the city to an exhibition
nations, and their virgins he-snatched. Having-been-
of games, and seized upon their young women. Wars having
moved wars on-account-of of-the-snatched
arisen, from this outrage to the young women who had been
the-injury, the-Czeninenses he-conquered, the-Antemnates, the-
carried off, he conquered the Caeninenses, the Antemnates, the
Crustumini, the-Sabines, the-Fidenates, the- Veieutes : these all
Crustumini, the Sabines, the Fidenates, the Veientes : all whose
towns the-city gird. And when, having-risen suddenly
towns environ the city. In consequence of his disappearance,
tempest, not he-might-have- appeared, in-year of-reign thirtieth
after a tempest which suddenly arose, in the thirty-seventh year
seventh, to the-gods to-have-gone-over
of his reign, it was generally believed that he had been translated
believed, having-been-consecrated he-is. Froin-thence at-Romc
to the gods, and he was therefore deified. Afterwards senators
through five days senators governed ; and, these reigning,
ruled at Rome by periods of five days ; and their government
year one having-been-filled is.
lasted for a year.
Afterwards Numa Pompilius king having-been-created is, who war
Afterwards Numa Pompilius was elected king, who engaged
no indeed carried, but not less to-the-city, than Romulus,
indeed in no wars, but yet was no less a benefactor to the state
profited ; for and laws to-the-Romans manners-and
than Romulus ; for he instituted both laws and customs among
he-established, who by-custom of-battles now
the Romans, who by the frequency of their wars were now con-
robbers and half-barbarous were-thought ; year
sidered as robbers and approaching to barbarism ; he marked
he-wrote-out into ten months, before without any reckoning poured-
out the year, before undistinguished by any computation, into ten
 EVTROPIUS. BOOK I. 3

together ; and infinite at-Rome sacred-rites and temples es-

months ; and founded numerous sacred rites and temples at
tablished. By-disease he-departed fortieth third of-empire in-year.
Rome. He died of sickness in the forty-third year of his reign.
To-this succeeded Tullus Hostilius. This wars
He was succeeded by Tullus Hostilius. This king renewed
again-prepared; the-Albans he-conquered, who from city Rome
hostilities ; he conquered the Albans, who are twelve miles dis-
twelfth by-mile are away : the-Veientes and Fidenates, of-whom others
tant from Rome: he defeated also the Veientes and Fidenates,
sixth by-mile are-away from city Roman, others eighth tenth, in-war he-overcame ;
the one six, the other eighteen miles distant from the city;
the-city he-enlarged ; having-beeu-added
and increased the dimensions of Rome, by the addition of the
Cailius mount. When thirty-two in-years he-might-have-reigned, by-lightning
Caelian hill. After a reign of thirty-two years, he perished
struck, with house his-own he-flamed,
by lightning in a conflagration of his house.
After this Ancus Marcius, of-Numa from daughter grandson,
After him Ancus Marcius, the grandson of Numa by a daughter,
undertook empire. Against the-Lathis he-fought ; Aven-
succeeded to the throne. He fought against the Latins ; added
tine mount to-the-city he-added and Janiculum; Ostia,
the hills Aventinus and Janiculum to the city; and founded
city above the-sea siith tenth by-mile from city Rome, he-put-together.
Ostia, a city on the sea-coast, sixteen miles from Rome.
Twentieth fourth in-year of-empire by-disease he-perished.
He died of sickness in the twenty-fourth year of his reign.
From-thence kingdom Priscus Tarquinius received. This number
Next, Priscus Tarquinius received the kingdom. He doubled
of-senators doubled ; circus at-Rome built ; games
the number of the senators ; built a circus at Rome ; instituted
Roman instituted, which to our memory remain-through,
the Roman games, which continue even to the present time.
Conquered the-same also the-Sabines; and not a-little of- fields,
He also conquered the Sabines ; and added a considerable extent
taken-away to-thc-same, of-city Rome to-tenritory he-joined to :
of country, which he took from them, to the Roman territory :
4 EUTROPIUS. BOOK I.

first-anil triumphing the-city he-entered. Walls

be was also the first that entered the city in triumph. He built
he-made and sewers; the-capitol he-began. Thirtieth
the walls and sewers ; and commenced the capitol. In the thirty-
eighth of-empire in-year through of-Ancua sons having-been-killed he-is,
eighth year of his reign, he was slain by the sons of Ancus,
of-king that, to-whom self had-suceeeded.
that king whom he had succeeded.
After this Scrvins Tullius undertook empire, begotten from
After him Servius Tullius was raised to the throne, the son of a
noble woman, captive yet and maid-servant. This also
woman of noble origin, but yet a captive and a slave. He also
the-Sabines brought-under ; mounts three, Quirinalis, Viminalis,
subdued the Sabines ; annexed three hills, the Quirinal, Viminal,
Esquilinus, to-the-city he-joined-to ; ditches round-about
and Esquiline, to the city ; and threw up trenches round
wall he-led. First of-all the-census he-pat-in-order, which
the city walls. He was the first that instituted the census, which
hitherto through globe of-earths unknown was. Under him
till that time was unknown throughout the world. By the esti-
Rome, all into the-census having-been-brought, had of-heads
mate of the census, which was taken under him, Rome numbered
eighty-four thousands of-citizens Roman, with these who in fields were.
eighty-four thousand citizens, including those in the country.
Having-been-slain he-is fortieth fifth of-empire in-year, by-
He fell a victim, in the forty-fifth year of his reign, to the criminal
wickedness of-son-in-Iaw his-own Tarquin the-Proud, of-son
machinations of his son-in-law Tarquin the Proud, the son of
that of-king, to-whom self had-succeeded, and of-daughter his-own,
that king, whom he had succeeded, and of his own daughter,
whom Tarquin was-having wife.
whom Tarquin had married.
Lucius Tarquinius the-Proud, seventh and last of-
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the seventh and last of the
kings, the-Volsci, which nation to Campania to-those-going not
kings, conquered the Volsci, a nation not far from Rome on
far from the-city is, conquered ; Gabii city and Suessa Pometia he-brought-
the road to Campania ; reduced the towns of Gabii and Suessa
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK I. 5
under; with the-Tuscans peace he-made; and temple to
Pometia ; made peace with the Tuscans ; and built a temple to
Jupiter in the-capitol he-built. Afterwards, Ardea fighting-against, in
Jupiter in the capitol. Afterwards, while besieging Ardea, a
eighth tenth mile from the-city placed a-city, empire he-lost. For'
town about eighteen miles from the city, he was deposed. For
when son his, and self Tarqnin the-younger, most-noble
his younger son, who was also named Tarquin, violated the wife
of-Collathras wife might-have-violated, she-and of injury
of Collatinus, a man of the highest rank; who, having repre-
to-husband, and to-father and to-friends baving-complained might-
sented to her husband, her father, and her friends, the injury she
have-been, in of-all sight herself she-killed: on-account-of
had sustained, slew herself in the sight of them all : and on this
which cause Brutus, parent, and self Collatinus people
account, Brutus, her father, and Collatinus excited an insurrec-
stirred-together, and to-Tarquin took-away
tion among the populace, and deprived Tarquin of the kingly
empire. Soon army also him, which city Ardea with self
power. The army also, with which the king was besieging Ardea,
king was-fighting-against, left; coming-and to the-city king, gates
soon after deserted him ; and the king himself, on his arrival at
having-been-shut, having-been-shut-out is. When-and he-
the city, found the gates closed against him. Thus, having
roight-have-governed years twenty-five, with wife and children bis-
reigned five-and-twenty years, he was banished with his wife
own he-fled,
and children.
So at-Rome having-been-reigned it-is through seven kings
Thus the kingly office continued at Rome during seven reigns
in-years- two-hundred forty three, when hitherto
for the space of two hundred and forty-three years, while as yet
Rome, where the-most, scarcely as-far-as
the dominions of the city, at their greatest extent, hardly reached
to fifth tenth mile, might-possess,
the fifteenth mile.
Hence consuls began, for one king, two this from-
From this time two consuls were chosen instead of one king,
 EUTROEIUS. BOOK I.

causa to-be-created ; that, if one bad to-be

on this principle; that, if one should entertain any ill designs
might-have-wished, the-other him, having power like,
upon the state, the other, being invested with equal authority,
might-restrain. And it-pleased, that-not
might keep him in check. It was determined also, that they
empire longer, than ' a-year, they-might-have ; that-not through long-
should hold their office no longer than one year ; lest by continued
continuance of-power more-unwonted they-might-be-
possession of power they should become too overbearing and
rendered, but citizen-like always might-be, who themselves
tyrannical ; but, knowing that in a year they would descend to the
after a-year might-know about-to-be to-be
level of private persons, might conduct themselves with courtesy
private-persons,
and moderation.
Were therefore in-year first, having-been-driven-out kings,
In the first year therefore, after the expulsion of the royal family,
consuls Lucius Junius Brutus, who mostly
the consuls were Lucius Junius Brutus, through whom chiefly the
had-done that Tarquin might-be-driven-away, and Tarquinius Colla-
banishment of Tarquin had been effected, and Tarquinius Colla-
tinus, husband of-Lucretia. But to-Tarquinius Collatinus im-
tinus, the husband of Lucretia. But Tarquinius Collatinus was
mediately having-been-taken-away dignity is ; it-had-pleased for, that-not
soon divested of that dignity; for it was enacted, that no
any-one in the-city Bhould-stay, who Tarquin might-be-called. There-
one of the name of Tarquin should remain in the city. There
fore, having-been-received all patrimony his-own, from the-city he-removed ;
fore, collecting all his private property, he quitted the city;
and in-place of-self having-been-made is Valerius Publicola consul. Moved-
and Valerius Publicola was made consul in his room. The
together yet war to-city Roman king Tarquin, who had-been driven-out,
king Tarquin however, after his expulsion, made war upon Rome,
and having-been-collected on-every-side many nations, that into kingdom
and having collected a considerable force, for the purpose of
he-might-be-able to-be-set-again, he-fought, " In
re-instating himself in his kingdom, came to an engagement. Id
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK I. » 7

first fight Brutus and Aruns, of-Tarquin son, in-tura

the first encounter, Brutus and Aruns, the son of Tarquin, fell by
themselves killed. The-Romans yet from that fight conquerors
each other's hands. The Romans, however, left the field con-
went-back. Brutus Roman matrons, defender
querors. The Roman matrons bewailed Brutus, the guardian of
of-ebastity their-own, as-if common father, through year
their honor, as if he had been their common father, for the space
bewailed. Valerius Publicola Spurius Lucretius Trici-
of a year. Valerius Publicola appointed Spurius Lucretius Trici-
pitinus colleague to-himself made, of-Lucretia father j who by-disease
pitinus', the father of Lucretia, his colleague ; on his death by
having-died, again Horatius Pulvillus colleague to-himself he-took,
sickness, he next chose Horatius Pulvillus for his colleague.
Thus first year fire consuls had ; when Tarquinius
Thus the first year was remarkable for five consuls ; Tarquinius
Collatinus from-the-city might-have-departed on-ac'count-of name, Brutus
Collatinus having left the city on account of his name, Brutus
in-battle might-have-perished, Spurius Lucretius by-disease having-
having fallen in battle, and Spurius Lucretius having died
died might-be.
through sickness.
Second also in-year again Tarquin, that he-might be-taken-again into
In the second year also, Tarquin, with a view of recovering the
kingdom, war to-Romans brought-in, help to-him bringing
throne, again made war on the Romans, and being assisted by
Porsena, of-Tuscany king, and Rome almost took. But then also
Porsena, king of Tuscany, almost captured Rome. But then too
having-been-couquered he-is.
he was defeated.
Third in-year after kings driven-out,
In the third year after the abolition of the kingly power,
Tarquin, when to-be-taken-up not he-might-be-able into kingdom,
Tarquin, having failed in his attempts to recover the throne,
neither to-him Porsena, who peace with the-Romans had-made,
and deprived of the assistance of Porsena, who had made
help would-alford, Tusculum himself he-brought, which city
peace with the Romans, retired to Tusculum, a town
8 EUTROPITJS. HOOK I.

not far from the-city is ; and there through fourteen

not fax from Rome ; where with his wife for fourteen
year* a-private-person with wife he grew-very-
years he lived in a private station, and reached an advanced
old.
age.
Fourth in -year after kings driven-out, when
In the fourth year after the abolition of the kingly power, the
the-Sabines to-the-Romans war might-have-brought-in, having-been-conquered
Sabines, having made war on the Romans, were con-
they-are ; and from these it-is baving-been-triumphed.
quered ; and this success was celebrated by a triumph.
Fifth in-year Lucius Valerius, he of-Brutus colleague, and
In the fifth year Lucius Valerius, the colleague of Brutus, and
fourth-time consul, by-destiny having died is ; to-that-degree
for the fourth time consul, died a natural death ; in such extreme
poor, that, having-been-brought-together from people monies, expense
poverty, that the expenses of his burial were defrayed by a
he-may-have-had of-burial, whom matrons, so-as Brutus,
public subscription; the matrons also mourned for him, as for
a-year bewailed.
Brutus, during a year.
Ninth in-year after kings driven-out, wben
In the ninth year from the abolition of the kingly power, the
son-in-law of-Tarquin, to injury of-father-in-law to-be-
son-in-law of Tarquin, having collected an immense force in order
vindicated, vast might-have-collected army, new at-Rome
to avenge the wrongs of his father-in-law, a new dignity was
dignity is created, which Dictatorship is-called, greater than
introduced at Rome, termed the Dictatorship, more absolute than
consulship. Same in-year also a-master of-horsemen
the consulship. In the same year also a master of the horse
having-been-made is, who to-dictator might-follow-close. Dictator
was appointed, as an attendant upon the dictator. The first
but at-Rome first was Lartius; master of-horsemen first,
dictator at Rome was Lartius ; the first master of the horse,
Spnrins Cassius.
Spurius Cassius.
 EUTBOP1US. BOOK I. 9

Sixteenth in-year ' after kings driven-out,

In the sixteenth year after the abolition of the kingly power,
sedition people at-Rome made, as-if from
a sedition broke out among the people at Rome, who conceived
senate and consuls it-might-be-pressed. Then
themselves oppressed by the senate and the consuls. At this
and self to-itself tribunes of-common-people, as-if peculiar
period they created for themselves tribunes of the people, as pecu-
judges and defenders, created, through whom against
liarly their own judges and protectors, and as a safeguard
senate and consuls safe to-be it-might-be-able.
against the senate and the consuls.
Following in-year the-Volsci against the-Romans war
In the following year the Volsci recommenced hostilities against ,
prepared-again ; and, conquered' in-edge,
the Romans ; and being defeated in an engagement,
also Corioli, city which they-were-having best, they-lost.
lost also Corioli, the best of their cities.
Eighth tenth in-year after-that kings having-been-cast-out
In the eighteenth year from the banishment of the royal
were, driven-out from *the-city, Quintius Marcius, leader of-the-
family, Quintius Marcius, the Roman general under whom
Romans, who Corioli had-taken, of-the-Volsci
Corioli, the city of the Volsci, had been taken, being compelled
city, to selves the-Volsci stretches
to fly from Rome, directed his course, in resentment, to the Volsci
angry ; and helps against the-Romans received.
themselves ; and received from them a force against the Romans.
The-Romans often he-conquered ; as-far-as
He obtained frequent victories over the Romans ; he made his
to fifth mile of-the-city he-approached, ahout-to-fight-against
way even within five miles of the city, and, having rejected
also country his-own, deputies who peace were-
the embassy who came to sue for peace, had determined upon
seeking- having-been-rejected, unless to him mother Veturia and
reducing his country itself, had not his mother Veturia and
wife Volumnia from the-city might-have come, of-whom
his wife Volumnia gone out to meet him from the city, and by
b
10 SUTROPIU8. BOOK 1.

by-the-weeping and begging-off overcome, he-removed

tears and earnest supplications prevailed upon him to withdraw
army. And this second after Tarquin was, who leader
his army. He was the second after Tarquin, who had acted
against country bis-own might-be.
as general against his country.
Creso Fabius and Titus Virginius consuls, three-
In the consulate of Caeso Fabius and Titus Virginius, three
hundred noble men, who from the-Fabian family were, against the-Veientes
hundred noble members of the Fabian family, alone undertook
war alone undertook, sending-forth to-senate and to-people
a war against the Veientes, pledging themselves to the senate
through themselves all contest to-be-filled-up. And-so having-
and the people unaided to abide the contest. These illus-
departed all noble, and who each «f-great
trious individuals therefore, each of whom was worthy to com-
armics leaders to-be might-owe, in
mand the largest army, setting out on their expedition, all
battle they-fell-togelher. One in-all was-over from so-great
fell in battle. One only remained out of so large a
family, who on-account-of age boyish to-be-led not had-been-able
family, whose extreme youth did not admit of his accompanying
to the-fight. After these a-census in the-city having-been-had is,
them to war. After these events a census was made, in
and having-been-found are of-citizens of-heads a-hundred
which one hundred and nineteen thousand was found to be the
nineteen thousands,
number of the citizens.
Following in-year, when in Algidum mount from the-city
In the following year, in consequence of the blockade of the
twelfth almost by-mile Roman might-be-blocked-up
Roman army on mount Algidum, about twelve miles from
army, Lucius Quinlius Cincinnatus dictator is
the . city, Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus was appointed
having-been-made ; who, field four cf-acre> possessing,
dictator ; whose possessions consisted of four acres of land,
with-hands his-own was-cultivating. He, when in work
which he cultivated with his own hands. He was found intent
 KUTROPIUS. BOOK I. 11

and ploughing might-be having-been-found, sweat having-

on his occupation, and engaged in ploughing; wiping the sweat
been-wiped-off, the-ioga prtctexta received ; and, having-been -slain
from his brow, he assumed the toga preetexla ; and, with a great
enemies, freed army,
slaughter of the enemy, freed the army.
In-year three-hundredth and the-other from city
In the three hundred and second year from the founding of
put-together, empire consular ceased ; and . . fat
the city, the government by consuls ceased ; and instead of
two consuls ten having-been-made are, who highest
two consuls, ten magistrates, under the title of Decemviri, were
power might-have, Decemviri named. But when first
invested with the supreme authority. These during the first
in-year well they-might-have-done, in-second
year conducted themselves satisfactorily ; but in the second,
one from them, Appius Claudius, of-Virginius a-certain, who
one of them, Appius Claudius, sought to violate the virgin
honorable now with-wages against the-Latins in mount
daughter of a certain Virginius, who was at that time filling
Algidum was-being-a-soldier, daughter virgin to-violate wished,
an honorable post on military service in mount Algidum ;
whom father slew, lest rape from
but the father slew her with his own hands, to preserve her from
the.decemvii she-might-austain ; and, having-gone-back to soldiers,
the lust of the decemvir; and returning to the army,
moved v tumult. Having-been-taken-away
raised an insurrection among the soldiers. The decemviri were
is to-the-decemviri power, themselves-and having-been-condemned are.
deprived of their power, and condemned.
In-year three-hundredth tenth fifth from the-city
In the three hundred and fifteenth year from the founding of
put-together, the-Fidenates against the-Romans warred-again. Help
the city, the Fidenates rebelled against the Romans. They
were-affording to-these the-Veientes and, king of-the-Veientes, Tolumnius ;
were assisted by the Veientes and their king Tolumnius ;
which both cities so near to-the-city are, that Fidenae seventh,
these two states are so near to Rome, that Fidenee is only
12 EUTROPIUS. BOOK I.

the-Vcientes eighth tenth by-mile, may-be-away. Joined-together themselves

seven, Veii only eighteen miles distant. The Volsci also
to-these and the-Volsci; but by-Marcus jEmilius dictator,
joined them ; but were defeated by Marcus iEmilius the
Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus master of-horsemen, conquered,
dictator, and Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus the master of the horse,
also king they-lost. Fidenae taken and cut-
and lost also their king. Fidenae was taken, and levelled to the
down. After twenty thence years, the-Veientani warred-
ground. Twenty years afterwards, the people of Veii re-
again. Dictator against them having-been-sent is Farina Camillus,
belled. Furius Camillus was sent as dictator against them,
who at-first conquered them in-edge; soon also cily for-a-long-
who first defeated them in battle ; and then after a long
time sitting-against he-took, most-antient of-Italy-and richest. After
siege captured their city, the oldest and richest in Italy. He
it he-took and Falisci, not less noble city. But having-been-stirred-
next captured Falisci, a city of na less note. But an odium being
up is to-him envy, as-if prey badly
raised against him, on the ground that he had made an unfair
he-might-have-divided ; having-been-condemned-and for that cause
distribution of the booty, he was condemned on that
and having-been-driven-out from-city he-is.
charge and banished.
Immediately the-Galli Senones to the-city came ; and
Soon after the Galli Senones marched towards Rome; and
having-been-conquered the-Romans eleventh by-mile from city Rome
having conquered the Romans at the river Allia, eleven
at river Allia having-foUowed, also the-city
miles from the city, pursued them, and possessed themselves
they-seized-upon ; neither to-be-defended any-thing unless
of the city itself ; no part of which could withstand them,
the-capitol could, which when for-a-long-time they-might-have-sat-
except the capitol ; this had been besieged for a' considerable
against, and now the-Romans with-hunger might-be-
period, and the Romans were already suffering the extremity of
laboring, from Camillus, who in near city was-an-etile,
famine, when Camillus, who was in exile in a neighbouring city,
 BUTROPIUS. BOOK I. 13

lo-the-Gauls having-been-come-upon it-is, most-heavily-and having-been-con-

attacked the Gauls unexpectedly, and inflicted a severe
quered they-are : afterwards yet, having-been-received also gold,
defeat ; afterwards, by a sum of gold they were induced
lest the-capitol they-might-sit-against, they-retreated ; but having-
to relinquish the siege of the capitol, and to retreat ; Camillus
followed them Camillus so cat, that and gold,
however pursued them, and, routing them with great slaughter,
which to-tbese given had-been, and all,
recovered both the gold which had been given to them, and all
which they-had-taken, military ensigns he-might-recall. So, thrice tri-
the trophies of war which they had taken. Thus he entered
umpiring, the-city having-entered he-is ; and called second
the city for the third time in triumph ; and, as if he had also
Romulus, as-if also self of-country the-
been the founder of the empire, received the appellation of a
putler-together.
second Romulus.
 14 KUTROPIUS. BOOK II.

BOOK THE SECOND.

THE SECOND BOOK.

In-year three-hundredth sixtieth fifth from city

In the three hundred and sixty-fifth year from the foundation
put-together, after taken but first, dignities
of the city, but the first after its capture by the Gauls, the form
having-been-changed are, and for two
of government underwent a change ; and instead of two consuls,
consuls made tribunes military consular with- power,
military tribunes, invested with consular power, were created .
Hence now began Roman thing to-grow; for
From this time the Roman empire began to gather strength ; for
Camillus that in-year of-the-Volsci city, which
' Camillus that very year reduced the city of the Volsci, which
through seventy years war had-carried, conquered, and of-the
had harassed them with a war for seventy years ; also the cities
jEqui city and of-the-Sutrini ; and all, having-been-blotted-out
of the iEqui and Sutrini ; and, defeating their armies, took
their armies, seized-upon ; and three at-the-same-time tri-
possession of them all; and thus enjoyed three triumphs at the
umphs did. Titus also Quintius Cincinnatus the-Praenestini,
same time. Titus Quintius Cincinnatus also, having pursued
who as-far-as to of-city of-Rome gates in-war had-come,
the Praenestini, who had advanced in a hostile manner to the very
having-followed, to river Allia conquered, and
gates of Rome, defeated them near the river Allia, annexing the
cities, which under them were-doing, to-Romans joined-to ; self
cities that were under their dominion to the Roman empire ; and
 I

EUTROPIUS. BOOK II. 15

Praneste having-marched-to, into surrender he-received ; winch all

marching to Praeneste itself, took it by surrender; all which
from him having-been-carried are twenty in-days ;
exploits were achieved by him in the space of twenty days, and
tripmph-and to-him decreed.
for them a triumph was decreed him.
But dignity of-tribunes military not for-a-long-time continued ;
But the dignity of military tribunes did not last long ;
for after somewhat none it-pleased to-be-
for after a short time it was enacted that no more should be
made ; and the-space-of-four-years so in city flowed, that
created ; and thus four years elapsed in the state, without
powers there greater not might-be. Took-again yet
being governed by any of the greater officers. The military
tribunes military consular with-power again dignity,
tribunes, however, resumed thejr dignity with consular authority,
and by-the-space-of-three-years continued. Again consuls
and continued it for three years, when consuls were again
made. r ,
elected.
Lucius Genucius and Quintus Servilius consuls, having-
Lucius Genucius and Quintus Servilius being consuls, ,Ca-
died is Camillus : honor to-him second after Romulus having-been-brought-down
millus died; and was honored in the second place after
is.
Romulus.
Titus Quintius dictator against the-Gauls, who into Italy
Titus Quintius was sent out as dictator against the Gauls, who
had-come, having-been-sent is. These from the-city fourth by-mile
had marched into Italy; and had encamped about four miles
over Anien river had-sat-together. Most-noble
from the city on the other side of the river Anien. Titus Manlius,
from senators Titus Manlius, calling-forth a-Gaul to
one of the noblest of the senators, encountered and slew a Gaul
single combat having-met-with, slew ; and, having-been-
who had challenged him to single combat; from whose neck
taken-away collar golden, to-neck-and his-own lmving-been-put-on, into
having taken off a chain of gold and put it on his own, he oh'
16 ETJTROPIUS. BOOK II.

perpetual of-Torquatus to-himself and to-posterily surname

tained the lasting appellation of Torquatus to himself and his
he-received. The-Gauls having-been-put-to-flight are : soon through
posterity. The Gauls were routed ; and soon
Caius Sulpicius dictator also conquered.
afterwards entirely defeated by Caius Sulpicius the dictator.
Not much afterwards from Caius Marcius the-Tuscans having-been-conquered are :
Shortly after that the Tuscans were defeated by Caius Marcius :
seven thousands of-captives from these into triumph led.
and seven thousand being taken prisoners were led in triumph.
A-census again having-been-had is : and when the-Latins, who from the-
A census was again taken ; and the Latins, who had been
Romans having-been-driven-under were, soldiers to-supply might-be-unwilling,
subdued by the Romans, refusing to furnish troops,
from the-Romans only recruits having-been-chosen are, made-
recruits were levied from among the Romans only, and ten
and legions ten, which measure sixty or more of-armed
legions were thus raised, making sixty thousand fighting men
thousands made-up : little hitherto Roman things, so-great
and upwards : so great was the power of the Romans in war,
yet in thing military virtue was. Which when having-
while their empire was as yet but small. These troops having
gone-forth they-might-be against the-GauU, leader Lucius
marched out against the Gauls, under the conduct of Lucius
Furius Camillus, a-certain from the-Gauls one from the-Romans, who
Furius Camillus, one of the Gauls challenged the most va-
might-be best, called-forth. Then himself Marcus
liant among the Romans to single combat. Accordingly Marcus
Valerius, tribune of-soldiers, brought-forward ; and
Valerius, a tribune of the soldiers, accepted the challenge ; and
when he-might-have-gone-forth armed, crow to-him above right arm
as he advanced equipped for combat, a crow settled upon his right
sat. Presently, having-been-sent-together against the-Gaul tight,
shoulder. ' During the encounter also,
the-same crow with-wings and with-nails of-the-Gaul
the same crow, with his wings and talons, so furiously assaulted the
eyes beat, that-not rightly he-might-be-able to-look-at; so that,
eyes of the Gaul, that he was not able to see before him ; and thus
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II. 17

from tribune Valerius killed, ' not only vic-

was quickly slain by the tribune Valerius, who obtained on this
tory to-him, but also name, he-may-have-given; for after -
occasion not only a victory, but an appellation; being ever after
wards the-same Corvinus is having-been-called, and on-account-of this
wards palled Corvinus; for the same service
merit of-years three and twenty consul is having-been made.
also, at the age of three and twenty, he was made consul.
The-Latins, who had-been-unwilling soldiers to-give, this also
The Latins, who had refused to furnish troops, began also to
from the-Romans to-exact began, that one consul from
make this demand upon the Romans, that one of the consuls
of-them, the-other from of-the-Romans people, might-be- created ;
should be elected from them, the other from the Roman people :
which when it-might-be denied, war against them having-been-taken-up is,
this demand was rejected, and war declared against them ;
and vast with-fight having-been-overcome they-are ; and from these tho-
they were defeated in a considerable battle, and a triumph was
roughly-tamed having-been-triumphed it-is. Statues to-consuls for
granted on account of this success. Statues were erected to
merit of-victory in beaks having-been-
the consuls, in the rostra, for the service conferred on the state
placed are.
by this victory.
Now the-Romans powerful to-be began ; war for in
At this time the Romans began to be powerful ; for a war was
hundredth and thirtieth almost mile from the-city at the-
carried on against the Samnites, who hold a middle situation
Samnites was-carried, who middle are between Picenum,
between Picene, Campania, and Apulia, at the distance of nearly
Campania, and Apulia. Lucius Papirins
a hundred and thirty miles from the city. Lucius Papirius
Cursor with honor of-dictator to that war having-gone-forth is.
Cursor having proceeded qn that war with the rank of dictator,
who, when Rome he-might-have-gone-back, to-Quintus Fabius Maximus,
gave orders, on his return to Rome, to Quintus Fabius Maximus,
to-master of-horsemen, whom at army he-left-behind,
the master of the horse, whom he left in charge of the army,
C
18 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II.

he-gave-directions that-not himself being-away he-might-fight. He, op-

Dot to fight during his absence. He however,
portunity having-been-found, most-happily fought
taking advantage of a favorable opportunity, engaged the Sam-
and the-Samnites blotted-out ; for which thing
nites and defeated them with great slaughter; for which breach
from dictator of-head having- been-condemned, because himself forbidding he-
of his commands he was condemned to death by
might-have-fought ; vast with-favor of-soldiers and of-people having-
the dictator, but was released by the powerful interposition of
been-freed he-is, so-great to-Papirius sedition having-been-
the soldiers and people, so great a tumult having been excited
moved-together, that almost he-might-be-killed.
against Papirius, that he himself was almost slain.
Afterwards the-Samnites the-Romans, Titus Veturius and Spurius
The Samnites afterwards, in the consulate of Titus Veturius and
Posthumius consuls, vast with-disgrace conquered,
Spurius Posthumius, defeated the Romans with signal ignominy,
and under yoke sent. Peace yet from,
and compelled them to pass under the yoke. The peace however
senate and people having-been-loosed is, which with them on-ac-
which had been concluded with them through mere necessity was
count-of necessity made had-been. Afterwards the-Samnites
dissolved by the senate and people. After this the Samnites
baving-been-conquered are from Lucius Papirius consul ; seven
were defeated by Lucius Papirius the consul, and seven
thousands of-them under yoke sent. Papirius from
thousand of them made to pass under the yoke. Papirius ob-
the-Samnitcs triumphed. That in-time Appius
tained a triumph for this success. About the same time Appius
Claudius censor water Claudian led-in,
Claudius, the censor, conveyed the Claudian water into the city,
and way Appian strewed. ,v
and laid the Appian way. /
The-Samnites, having-been-prepared-again war, Quintals F»-
The Samnites, having renewed the war, defeated Quintus
bius Maximus conquered, three thousands having-been-slain ;
Fabius Maximus, and slew three thousand of his troops;
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II.

afterwards, when father his Fabius Maximus deputy given might-

after which, Fabius Maximus, his father, being appointed his
have-been, and the-Samnites he-conquered, and most of-them
lieutenant, he both defeated the Samnites, and took several of
towns he-took. From-thence Puhlius Cornelius Rufinus, Manius Cu-
their towns. Next Publius Cornelius Rufinus, Manius Cu-
rius Dentatus, both consuls, against the Samnites having-been-sent,
rius Dentatus, the two consuls, being sent against the Samnites,
vast in-battlcs them finished. Then war
wearied them out by several considerable battles. Thus an end
with thoSamnites through years nine and forty done they-
was put to the war with the Samnites, which had lasted for forty-
bore-up, nor any enemy was within Italy, who Ro-
nine years, and who had put the Roman valor to the test more
man virtue more may-have-tired.
than any enemy within the borders of Italy.
Having-been-cast-between some years, again themselves of-Gauls
Within a few years after, the Gauls united their forces
forces against Romans to-Tuscans to-Snmnites-and joined ; but when
with the Tuscans and Samnites against the Romans; but in their
to-Rome they-might-stretch, from Cneius Cornelius Dolabella consul having.
march to Rome were cut off by Cneius Cornelius Dola-
been -blotted -out they-are.
bella, the consul.
Same in-time to-the-Tarentini, who now m farthest
War was at the same time proclaimed against the Tarentines,
Italy are, war having-been-proclaimed is, because to-deputies
who are still situated in the remote parts of Italy, because they had
of-the-Romans injury they-might-have-done. These Pyrrhus,
offered violence to the Roman ambassadors. These people
of-Epirus king, against the-Romans into help demanded, who , from
called in the aid of Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, who derived his ori-
race of-Achilles origin was drawing. He presently
gin from the race of Achilles, against the Romans. He immedi-
to Italy came, then-aud firstly the-Romans with
ately passed over into Italy, and it was then that the Romans
from-across-the-sea enemy fought. Having-been-sent is
fought for the first time against a foreign enemy. Publius Valerius
20 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II.
against him consul Publius Valerius Lsevinus, who, when spies of-
Laevinus, the consul, was sent against him ; who, having seized
Pyrrhus he-might-have-taken, commanded them through camp to-be-led,
some spies of Pyrrhus, ordered them to be led through the camp,
to-bc-shown-and all army, then-and to-be-dia-
and the whole army to be exhibited to them, and then to be dis
missed, that they-might-carry-word-back to-Pyrrhus whatsoever from Romans
missed, that they might report to Pyrrhus all the plans of
might-be-done. Having-been-sent-together presently fight, when
the Romans. An engagement taking place soon after, Pyrrhus,
now Pyrrhus might-flee, of-elephants by-help he-conquered,
when on the point of fleeing, conquered by means of his elephants,
which unknown the-Romans
at the sight of which the Romans, who were unacquainted with
feared-much ; but night to-battle end gave.
them, were greatly terrified ; but night put an end to the battle.
Lasvinus yet through night fled. Pyrrhus Romans
Laevinus however fled during the night. Pyrrhus took a thousand
thousand eight-hundred took, them-and highest with-honor
eight hundred Romans prisoners, and treated them with the
handled : slain he-buried ; whom when opposite with-
greatest honor; the slain he buried; on observing these lying
wound and fierce with-countenance dead tolie he-might-have-seen,
dead, all with their wounds in front and with stern countenances,
to-have-borne to heaven hands he-is-said with this voice,
he is said to have 'lifted up his hands to heaven, exclaiming,
himself whole of-globe lord to-be to-have-been-able, if such
that he could have made himself master of the whole world, if such
to-himself soldiers might-have-touched-together.
soldiers had fallen to his lot.
Afterwards Pyrrhus, having-been-joined to-himself the-Samnites, the-
Pyrrhus afterwards, in conjunction with ^he Samnites, Lu-
Lucani, the-Brutii-and, Rome he-went. All with-iron
canians, and the Brutii, advanced towards Rome. He laid all
fire-and he-laid-waste ; Campania having-depopulated he-is ; and to
waste with fire and sword, depopulated Campania, and ar-
Praeneste came, by-mile from city eighth tenth. Presently by-terror
*rived at Praeneste, eighteen miles from Rome. Soon through fear
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II. 21

of-army, which him with consul was-following, into

of the army which pursued him with a consul at its head, he fell
Campania himself he-took-back. Deputies, to Pyrrhus
back upon Campania. The ambassadors, who were commis-
from to-be-redeemed captives sent,
sioned to treat with Pyrrhus respecting the ransom of the captives,
from Mm honorably having-heen-taken-up are : captives without price
were honorably entertained by him, and the captives sent back
Rome he-sent. One from deputies of-the-Romans, Fa-
to Rome without payment. Fabricius, one of the Roman ambas-
bricius so having-admired he-is, that when him poor to-be he-migbt-have-
sadors, he admired so much, that, understanding he was
known, fourth part of-kingdom having-been-sent-forth, to-solicit he-may-
poor, he endeavoured to win him over to his cause even with the
have-wished that to himself he-might-go-over, having-been-
promise of a fourth part of his kingdom, but the offer was re-
despised-and from Fabricius he-is. Wherefore, when Pyrrhus vast
jected with disdain by Fabricius. Pyrrhus therefore, being struck
of-Romans with-admiration might-be-held, deputy he-sent,
with the greatest admiration of the Romans, sent as ambassador,
who peace equal with-conditions might-seek, chief man,
Cineas, the principal person about him, to sue for peace on rea-
Cineas by-name ; 80 that Pyrrhus part of-Italy,
sonable terms ; provided that he should remain possessed of that
which now with-arms he-had-seized-upon, might-hold,
part of Italy, of which he had already become master in the war.
Peace ■ displeased, haviug-been-commanded-back-and tc-
The terms were not satisfactory, and the senate returned for an-
Pyrrhus from senate it-is, him with Romans, unless from Italy he-might-have-
swer to Pyrrhus, that he could have no peace with the
gone-back, peace to-have not to-be-able. Then the-Romans com-
Romans, unless he retired from Italy. The Romans then or-
roanded captives all, whom Pyrrhus had-given-back, without-
dered all the prisoners whom Pyrrhus had sent back to be con-
character to-be-had, who themselves with-arms to-defend
sidered infamous, as being persons who might have defended
might-have-heen-able, nor before them to old state to-return,
themselves by arms, and not to be restored to their former rank,
 22 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II.

than to-themselves known of-enemies slain spoils

until they had produced the spoils of some enemies whom they
they-might-have-brought-back. So deputy of-Pyrrhus hav-
were known to have slain. Thus the ambassador of Pyrrhus re-
ing-returned is ; from whom when might-ask Pyrrhus of-what-sort
turned ; and being asked by him what kind of a place he had
Rome he-might-have-fuund, Cineas said, of-kings himself coon-
found Rome to be, Cineas replied, that he had seen the
try to-have-seen ; that-is-to-say such there to-be all, of-what-sort one
country of kings ; for that all there were such, as Pyrrhus alone
Pyrrhus at Epirus and rest-of Greece might-be-thought.
was considered to be in Epirus and the rest of Greece.
Having-been-s'ent are against Pyrrhus leaders Publius Sulpicius
Publius Sulpicius and Decius Mus the consuls were sent out
and Decius Mus consuls. Contest having-been-sent-together, Pyrrhus
as generals against Pyrrhus. A battle ensuing, Pyrrhus
having-been-wounded is; elephants killed; twenty thousands cut
was wounded ; his elephants killed ; twenty thousand of the
of-enemies, and from Romans only five thousands. Pyrrhus
enemy slain, and only five thousand of the Romans. Pyrrhus
Tarentum having-been-roade-to-flee.
was driven to Tarentum.
Haring-been-cast-between year against Pyrrhus Fabricius is having-been-sent,
The year after, Fabricius was sent out against Pyrrhus,
who before between deputies to-be-solicited not had-heen-
the same who being before among the ambassadors, could not
able, fourth part of-kingdom having-been-sent-forth. Then,
be won with &. promise of the fourth part of his kingdom. Their
when neighbouring camp self and king might-have, physician of-Pyrrhus
camps lying at no great distance, the physician of Pyrrhus
to him by-night came, sending-forth by-poison Pyrrhus
came to Fabricius by night, offering to despatch Pyrrhus by
abont-torkill, if to-hiruself something he-might-promise ; whom
poison, if he would engage to remunerate him; upon which
Fabricius bound to-be-led-back commanded to lord,
Fabricius ordered him to be conveyed back in chains to his master,
to-Pyrrhus-and to-be-said, which against head of-him
and that Pyrrhus should be informed what proposals the phy-
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II.

physician roight-hare-coTenanted. Then king, admiring

sician had made against his life. The king then, struck with ad-
him, to-bave-said is-borne, " He is Fabricios,
miration, is reported to have said, " That excellent Fabricius is
who more-difficultly from honesty, than son from course his-
a man whom it would be more difficult to divert from the path of
own, to-be-turned-away is-able." Then king into Sicily having-
honor, than the sun from its course." Then Pyrrhus departed
gone-forward is. Fabricius, having-been-conquered the-Samnites and
for Sicily. Fabricius, having defeated the Samnites and
the-Lucani, triumphed.
Lucanians, obtained a triumph.
Consuls from-thence Manius Curius Dentatus and Cornelius Lentulus
Manius Curius Dentatus and Cornelius Lentulus, the consuls,
opposite-to Pyrrhus having-been-sent are, and Curius against him
next proceeded against Pyrrhus ; and Curius, having come to an
fought ; army his cut ; self Tarentum made-to-flee ; camp
engagement, cut off his army, drove him to Tarentum, and took
took. That in-day cut are of-enemies twenty three
his camp. On that day twenty-three thousand of the enemy were
thousands. Curius Dentatus in consulate triumphed. First
slain. Curius Dentatus triumphed in his consulate. He was
Rome elephants four he-led.
the first that brought elephants to Rome, of which he took four.
Pyrrhus also from Tarentum presently went-back, and at Argos, of-Grecce
Pyrrhus also soon left Tarentum, and was slain at Ar-
city, having-been-slain is.
gos, a city of Greece.
Caius Fabricius Luscinus, Caius Claudius Cinna con--
Caius Fabricius Luscinus and Caius Claudius Cinna being con
suls, in-year of-city put-together four-hundredth sixtieth first, de-
suls, in the four hundred and sixty-first year of the city, am-
puties Alexandrine, from Ptolemy sent, Rome came,
bassadors, despatched by Ptolemy from Alexandria, came to Rome,
and from Romans friendship, which they-had-sought, obtained.
and obtained from the Romans the friendship which they desired.
Quintius Gulo, Caius Fabius Pictor consuls, the-Pi-
Quintius Gulo and Caius Fabius Pictor being consuls, the Pi
24 EUTROPIUS. BOOK Hi

centes war moved-together, and from following consuls, Pablius

centes commenced a war, and were conquered by the suc-
Sempronius, Appius Claudius, having-been-conquered are ;
ceeding consuls Publius Sempronius and Appius Claudius,
and from these having-been-triumphed it-is. Put-together from Ro
to whom a triumph was granted. Two cities were founded
mans cities Ariminum in Gaul and Beneventum in Sam-
by the Romans, Ariminum in Gaul, and Beneventum in Sam-
mum,
nium.
Marcus Attilius Regulus, Lucius Junius Libo con-
Marcus Attilius Regulus and Lucius Junius Libo being con
suls, to-the-Salentini in Apulia war having-been-proclaimed is, hav-
suls, war was declared against the Salentines in Apulia, and
ing-been-taken-and are with city at-the-same-time the-Brundusians ; and
the Brundusians together with their city were captured, and
from these having-been-triumphed it-is.
a triumph granted on the occasion.
In-year four-hundredth seventieth seventh,
In the four hundred and seventy-seventh year of the city,
when now bright of-city of-Rome name might-be, arms yet
although the Roman name had now become famous, yet their
out-of Italy moved not had-been. That therefore
arms had not been carried out of Italy. In order therefore
it-might-be-known, what forces of-Romans might-be, a-census
to., ascertain what the forces of the Romans were, a census
is having-been-bad. Then having-been-found are of-citizens heads
was taken. Accordingly the number of citizens appeared to
twice hundred ninety two thousands, three hundred and
be two hundred and ninety-two thousand, three hundred and
thirty three, although from put-together city never
thirty-three, although from the founding of the city there had
wars might-have-ceased. And against Africans war having-been-
been no cessation from war. The first foreign war was undertaken
undertaken is the-first, Appius Claudius and Quintus Fol-
against the Africans, in the consulate of Appius Claudius and
vius consuls. In Sicily against them having-been-fought it-is ; and
Quintus Fulvius, A battle was fought in Sicily; and
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II. 25

Appius Claudius from Africans and king of-Sicily

Appius Claudius obtained a triumph for a victory over the
Hiero triumphed.
Africans and Hiero king of Sicily.
Following in-jear, Valerius Marcus and Oclacilius con-
In the year following, Valerius Marcus and Octacilius being
suls, iu Sicily from Romans things great having-been-carried are. The-
consuls, the Romans met with singular success in Sicily. The
Taurominitani, the-Catanenses, and besides fifty cities into faith
Taurominitani, Catanenses, and fifty cities more, were received
having-been-received are.
into alliance.
Third in-year in Sicily against Hiero war having-been-prepared is. He
In the third year war was levied against Hiero in Sicily. He
with all nobility of-the-Syracusans peace from Romans
with all the Syracusan nobility prevailed upon the Romans to
obtained, gave-and of-silver talents two-hundred. The-
make peace, on payment of two hundred talents of silver. The
Africans in Sicily having-been-conquered are ; and from these secondly
Africans were defeated in Sicily ; and a triumph granted
at-Rome having-been-triumphed it-is.
at Rome a second time on this account.
Fifth in-year of-war Punic, which against the-
In the fifth year of the Punic war, which was carried on
Africans was-carried, firstly the-Romans, Caius Duilius and
against the Africans, the Romans first fought at sea, in the con-
Cneius Cornelius Asinus consuls, in sea fought, having-
sulate of Caius Duilius and Cneius Cornelius Asinus, having
been-prepared ships beaked, which Ii-
provided themselves with vessels, armed with beaks, which they
burnian they-call. Consul Cornelius by-fraud having-been-deceived is.
term Liburnian. The consul Cornelius fell a victim to treachery.
Duilius, having-been-sent-together battle, of-the-Carthaginians leader con-
Duilius, giving the enemy battle, defeated the Carthaginian
quered ; thirty and one ships took, fourteen plunged ; eight thou-
general ; took thirty-one of their ships, sunk fourteen, made eight
sands of-enemies took, three thousands slew : nor any victory
thousand prisoners, and slew three thousand : nor was there ever
20 KUTROPIUS. -BOOK II.

to- Romans more-grateful has-been, because, un-

a victory more gratifying to the Romans, who knowing them-
conquered by-land, now also by-sea most they-
selves before invincible by land, now found themselves formidable
might-be-able.
at sea also.
Caius Aquilius Florus, Lucius Scipio consuls, Sci-
Caius Aquilius Florus and Lucius Scipio being consuls, the
pio Corsica and Sardinia laid-waste ; many thousands thence
latter laid waste Corsica and Sardinia ; carried away many thou-
of-captives led-away ; triumph did.
sand captives from thence, and obtained a triumph.
Lucius Manlius Volsb, Marcus Attilius consuls, war
Lucius Manlius Volso and Marcus Attilius being consuls, the
into Africa having.been-brought-over is against Mamilcar, of-the-Cartha-
war was carried over into Africa against Hamilcar, the general of
ginians leader. In sea having-been-fought, having-
the Carthaginians. A 'naval engagement was fought, and the
b'een-conquered-and he-is : for having-been-lost sixty four ships,
Carthaginian defeated, and compelled to retire with the loss
back-again himself he-took-back : the-Rorrtans twenty two seht-away :
of sixty-four of his ships; the Romans lost only twenty-two:
but when into Africa they-might-have-gone-over, firstly Clypea, of-Africa
then crossing over into Africa, they first compelled
city, into surrender they-received . Consuls as-far-as to
Clypea, a city of Africa, to surrender. The consuls advanced
Carthage proceeded ; many-and having-been-laid-waste towns, Manlius
even to Carthage ; and having destroyed many towns, Manlius
conqueror Rome went-back, and twenty seven thousands
returned victorious to Rome, leading with hfm twenty-seven
of-captives led-back. Attilius Regulus in Africa rernained. He
thousand prisoners. Attilius Regulus remained in Africa. He
against tne-Africans edge set-in-order: against three of-the-
drew out his army against the Africans : and fighting at the
Carthaginians leaders fighting, conqueror was ;
same time against three Carthaginian generals, came off victorious;
eighteen thousands of-enemies he-cut ; five thousands with
slew eighteen thousand of the enemy, took five thousand pri
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK U. 27

eight elephants he-took ; seventy four cities into faith

soners, with eight elephants ; and received seventy-four cities
foe-received. Then conquered the-Carthaginians peace from the-Romans
into alliance. The vanquished Carthaginians then sued for
sought, which when Regulus might-be-unwilling unless hardest with-conditions
peace, which Regulus refusing to grant except upon the severest
to-give, the-Africans help from the-Lacedaemonians
conditions, the Africans applied to the Lacedaemonians for as-
sought, and by-leader Xantippus, who from the-Lacedae-
sistance, and under their leader Xantippus, who had been sent by
rnonians sent had-been, of-the-llomans leader Regulus having-been-conquered is
the Lacedseraonians, Regulus the Roman general was overthrown
last with-destmction ; for two thousands of-men only from all
with a very great slaughter; two thousand men only remaining
Roman army remained ; fifteen thousands with commander
of all the Roman army ; fifteen thousand with their commander
Regulus having-been-taken are, thirty thousands slain ; Regulus
Regulus were taken prisoners, thirty thousand slain; and Regulus
himself into chains cast,
himself thrown into prison.
Marcus iEoiilius Faulus, Servius Fulvius Nobilior
Marcus iEmilius Paulus and Servius Fulvius Nobilior being
consuls, both consuls Roman Africa having-gone-forth are ; with three-
consuls, both the Roman consuls set sail for Africa ; bend their
hundred of-ships fleet Clypea they-seek, and a-
course for Clypea with a fleet of three hundred ships, and ad-
gainst the-Carthaginians came. Firstly the-Africans naval in-contest they-
vance against Carthage. First they overcome the Africans in
overcome. /Eiuilius consul hundred and four ships of-enemies
a sea-fight. iEmilius the consul sunk a hundred and four of the
plunged-down, thirty with fighters took ; fifteen
enemy's ships, took thirty together with their soldiers ; slew or
thousands of-enemies or he-slew or ' took ; soldier his-own vast
took fifteen thousand of the enemy ; and enriched his own army
with-prey he-enriched : and broughtJunder Africa then would-have-been,
with much plunder; and Africa would then have been reduced,
unless so-great hunger might-have-been, that longer to-look-out
had not so great a famine ensued, that the army could not
28 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II.

army not might-be-able. Consuls, with victorious

possibly continue there any longer. The consuls, returning with
fleet going-back, about Sicily shipwreck having-suflered are,
their victorious fleet, suffered shipwreck on the coast of Sicily,
and so-great tempest was, that from four-hundred sixty
and so violent was the storm, that, out of four hundred and sixty-
four ships, eighty to-be-saved scarcely may-have-been-ahle; nor any
four ships, eighty were with difficulty saved; nor was so
in-time so-great maritime tempest having-been-heard is. The-Ro-
great a tempest at sea ever heard of at any period. The Ro
mans yet immediately two-hundred ships prepared-again,
mans, notwithstanding, immediately refitted two hundred ships,
nor in something mind to-these broken was.
nor was their spirit diminished in the least by this loss.
Cnsus Servilius Caepio and Cairo Sempronius Blassos con-
Cnseus Servilius Caepio and Caius Sempronius Blaesus the con
suls with two-hundred sixty ships to Africa having-gone-forth are ; some
suls set sail for Africa with two hundred and sixty ships, and took
cities they-took. Prey vast leading-back, shipwTeck having-suffered
a few cities. Returning with a great booty, they suffered ship-
they-are. Therefore when continual calamities to-Romans might-
wreck. These successive calamities therefore so annoyed the
displease, decreed senate, that from maritime battles it-
Romans, that the senate decreed that wars by sea should be
might-be-departed, and only sixty ships to guard of-Italy
given up, and that only sixty ships should be maintained
safe might-be.
for the defence of Italy. i
Lucius Caecilius Metellus, Caius Furius Pacillus con-
Lucius Caecilius Metellus and Caius Furius Pacillus being
suls, Metellus in Sicily of-the-Africans leader,
consuls, Metellus defeated a general of the Africans in Sicily,
with hundred thirty elephants and great forces coming
who came against him with a hundred and thirty elephants and a
overcame ; twenty thousands of-enemies cut ; six and
powerful army; slew twenty thousand of the enemy; took six
twenty elephants took ; the-rest, wandering through the-
and twenty elephants ; the rest, who were dispersed, he col
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II. 29
Numidians, whom into help he-was-having,
lected, by means of the Numidians, whom he had called in to his
he-collected, and Rome led-down vast with-pomp, when
assistance, and brought them to Rome with great pomp, filling
hundred thirty of-elephants with-number all journies he-might- fill-up.
all the roads with this vast number of elephants.
After these evils the-Carthaginians Regulus lead-
After these misfortunes the Carthaginians entreated Regulus,
er, whom they-had-taken, besought, that Rome he-would-
the Roman general, whom they had taken, to go to
go-forth, and peace from Romans would-obtain, and ex-
Rome, in order to procure peace from the Romans, and an ex
change of-captives would-make. He, Rome when he-might-have-come,
change of prisoners. Regulus, upon his arrival at Rome,
baving-been-led-in into senate, nothing as-if Roman
being brought into the senate, would not assume the character
did; said-and, himself from that day, in-which into power
of a Roman, declaring, that from the day in which he had fallen
of-Africans he-might-have-come, Roman to-be to-have-left-off.
into the hands of the Africans, he had ceased to be a Roman.
And-so and wife from enfolding he-moved-back, and
For this reason he both repulsed his wife from his embraces, and
to-Romans advised, that-not peace with the-Poeni might-be-
advised the Romans not to conclude a peace with the Cartha-
made ; them for broken so-many by-falls, hope none to-
ginians ; since they, dispirited by so many losses, had no hope
have ; himself of-so-much not to-be, that so-many thousands
left ; that, with respect to himself, he was not of such importance,
of-captives on-account-of one himself
that so many thousand captives should be given up on his ac-
and old, and few who from Romans
count alone, old as he was, and for the sake of the few Romans
taken had-been, might-be-given-back. And-so he-obtained ; for
who had been taken prisoners. His advice prevailed ; for not
Africans, peace seeking, none
one person would listen to the Carthaginians, when they applied
admitted. Self Carthage went-back, bringing-forward-and
for peace. He himself returned to Carthage, and when the Ro-
30 EUTROPIUS. BOOK II.

to-Romans that him at-Rome they-would-hold, he-denied himself in that city

mans proposed to detain him at Rome, refused to stay
to-be-about-to-stay, in which, after-that to-Africans he-had-
in a city, in which, after living in captivity among the
served, dignity honorable ofrcitizen to-have
Africans, he said it was impossible for him to retain the dignity of
not he-might-be-able. Having-gone-back therefore to Africa, all
an honorable citizen. Returning therefore to Africa, he was
with-puuishments having- been-extinguished he-is.
put to death with tortures of every description.
Publius Claudius Pulcher, Caius Junius consuls,
Publius Claudius Pulcher and Caius Junius being consuls,
Claudius against auspices fought, and from the-Carthagi-
Claudius fought in opposition to the auspices, and was defeated
nians having-been-conqueredis ; for from two-hundred and twenty ships,
by the Carthaginians ; for of two hundred and twenty ships,
with thirty he-fled ; ninety with fighters having-been-taken
he escaped with thirty ; ninety, together with their men, were
are, plunged-down the-others, twenty thousands taken,
taken; the rest sunk, and twenty thousand made prisoners.
Another also consul fleet by-shipwreck sent-away; army yet safe
The other consul also lost his fleet by shipwreck ; but the army
he-had, because neighbouring shores were,
escaped, by being near to the shore.
Caius Luctatius Catulus, Aulus Posthumius Albinus
In the consulate of Caius Luctatius Catulus and Aulus Post-
consuls, in-year of-war Punic twentieth third, to-Catulus
humius Albinus, in the twenty-third year of the Punic war, the ma-
war against Africans having-been-sent-together is.
nagement of the war against the Africans was committed to Catulus.
Having-gone-forth he-is with three-hundred ships into Sicily. The-Africans
He set out for Sicily with three hundred ships. The Africans
against him four-hundred prepared. Luctatius Catulus ship
fitted out four hundred against him. Luctatius Catulus embarked
sick climbed-up, wounded for in fight former be-
in an infirm state of health, having been wounded in the pre-
had-been. Against Lilybaeum, city of-Sicily, having-been-fought
ceding fight. A battle was fought opposite Lilybeeum, a city of
 EUTROP1US. BOOK TI.

it-is vast with-rirtue of-Romans ; 'for

Sicily, with the greatest valor on the part of the Romans ; for
seventy three of-the-Carthaginians ships having-been-taken are, hun-
seventy-three of the Carthaginian ships were taken, and a
dred twenty five plunged-down ; thirty two thousands of-
hundred and twenty-five sunk ; thirty-two thousand of the
enemies taken, thirteen slain ; infinite
enemy made prisoners, and thirteen thousand slain ; also an im-
of-gold of-silver-and weight into power of-Romans driven-back.
mense sum of gold and silver fell into the hands of the Romans.
From fleet Roman twelve ships plunged-down. Having-been-fought
Of the Roman fleet twelve ships were sunk. The battle was
it-is in-sixth Ides of-March. Immediately tbe-
fought on the sixth of the Ides of March. ' The Carthaginians
Carthaginians peace sought, bestowed-and to-them peace. Cap-
immediately sued for peace, which was granted to them. The
tives of-Romans, who were-held from the-Carthaginians, hav-
Romans who had been taken prisoners by the Carthaginians, were
ing-been-given-back are : also the-Carthaginians sought, that
restored : the Carthaginians also requested permission
to-be-redeemed those captives it-might-be-lawful, whom from the-Africans the-
to redeem such of the Africans as were in captivity among the
Romans were-holding. Senate commanded without price to-be-given
Romans. The senate gave orders that those who were
them, who in public custody might-be; who but by
state prisoners should be restored without ransom ; but that those
private-persons might-be-held, that, price to-lords having-
who were the property of private persons, should return to Car-
been-given-back, Carthage they-might-go-back ; and that
thage on the payment of a sum to their owners ; and that
price from exchequer more, than from the-Carthagini-
such payment should be discharged by the public treasury, rather
ans, might-be-loosened.
than by the Carthaginians.
Quintus Luctatius, Aulus Manlius, consuls created,
Quintus Luctatius, Aulus Manlius, being created consuls,
war to-Falisci brought-in, which city of-Italy opulent formerly was ; which
made war upon Falisci, formerly an opulent state of Italy ; which
32 EUTROPIUS. BOOK. II.

both consuls within six days, than

the consuls in conjunction brought to a successful termination
they-had-come, did-through ; fifteen thousands of-enemies
within six days after their arrival ; fifteen thousand of the enemy
having-been-slain, to-others peace having-been-conceded, field yet from
being slain, and peace granted to the rest, upon the forfeiture
moiety having-been-taken-away.
of half their territory.
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III. 33

BOOK THIRD.
THE THIRD BOOK.

Having^been-finished therefore Punic war, which through twenty

The Punic war being concluded, which had continued
two years having-been-drawn-together is, Romans, now brightest
through two dnd twenty years, the Romans, who were now
with-glory known, deputies to Ptolemy, of-Egypt
pre-eminent in fame, sent ambassadors to Ptolemy, king of Egypt,
king, sent, helps sending-forth, because king of-Syria, Antiochus to-him
with offers of assistance; Antiochus, king of Syria, having made
war had-brought-in. He thanks to-Romans did, helps not receiv-
war upon him. He thanked the Romans, but declined their
ed, now for had-been fight thoroughly-done. Same in-time,
aid, the struggle being now over. About the same time,
most-powerful king of-Sicily, Hiero Rome came to games
Hiero, the most powerful king of Sicily, visited Rome to witness
to-be-beheld, and two-hundred thousands of-measures of-wheat to-people
the games, and distributed two hundred thousand bushels of wheat
for-gift gave,
among the people.
Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, Fulvius Flaccus consuls,
Lucius Cornelius Lentulus and Fulvius Flaccus being consuls,
under-whom Hiero Rome had-come, also against Ligurians within
when Hiero came to Rome, war was carried on against the
Italy war having-been-carried is ; and from these having-been-
Ligurians within the borders of Italy, and a triumph obtained
- triumphed. Carthaginians then wars to-
over them. The Carthaginians too, about the same time, attempt-
e
34 BUTROPIUS. BOOK III.

prepare-again were-trying, Sardinians, who from condition

ed to renew the war, urging the Sardinians, who, by an article
of-peace to-Romans to-obey were-owing, to to-war-again driTing-on.
of the peace were bound to submit to the Romans, to rebellion.
Came yet deputation of-Carthaginians Rome, and peace
A deputation however of the Carthaginians coming to Rome,
obtained.
obtained peace.
Titus Manlius Torqualus, Caius Attilius Balbus con-
Titus Manlius Torquatus and Caius Attilius Balbus being
suls, from Sardinians having-been-trimnphed it-is ; and peace
consuls, a triumph was obtained over the Sardinians; and peace
all in-places having-been-made, Romans no war
being concluded on all sides, the Romans had now no war to
bad, which to-these after Home put-together once
carry on, a circumstance which had happened to them but once
only, Numa Pompilius reigning,
before since the building of the city, namely, in the reign of
had-touched-together.
Numa Pompilius.
Lucius Posthumius Albinus, Cnaeus Fulvius Centumalus
Lucius Posthumius Albinus, Cnseus Fulvius Centumalus
consuls war against Illyrians carried ; and, many
the consuls conducted a war against the Illyrians ; and having
cities having-been-taken, also kings into giving-up
captured many of their cities, brought even their kings to a
received ; then first from Illyrians having-been-
surrender ; then for the first time a triumph took place on account
triumphed it-is.
of the Illyrians.
Lucius jEmilius consul, vast of-Gauls forces
Lucius iEmilius being consul, an immense force of the Gauls
Alps went-across; but for Romans whole Italy thought-together;
crossed the Alps ; but all Italy united in favor of the Romans ;
delivered-over-and it-is by-Fabius historian, who that in-war was-
and it is recorded by Fabius the historian, who was present in
between, eighty thousands of-men prepared to that war to-
that war, that there were eight hundred thousand men raised on
 EUTHOP1US. BOOK III. 35
have-been: but thing through consuls only prosperously
the occasion : affairs however were brought to a successful termi-
baving-been-carried is ; forty thousands of-enemies having-been-
nation by the consuls alone ; forty thousand of the enemy
killed are, and triumph to-A,'.milius decreed.
were slain, and a triumph decreed to jEmilius.
Some from-thence in-years afterwards, against Gauls within Italy
A few years after, a battle was fought with the
having-been-fought it-is, finished-and is war,
Gauls within the borders of Italy, and an end put to the war, in
Marcus Claudius Marcellus, Cnaeus Cornelius Scipio consuls.
the consulate of Marcus Claudius Marcellus and Cneeus Scipio.
Then Marcellus with small hand of-horsemen fought, and
Marcellus engaged the enemy with a small body of horse, and
king of-Gauls, Viridornarus by-name, with-band his-own slew. After-
slew their king, Viridornarus, with his own hand. After
wards with colleague his-own vast forces
that, in conjunction with his colleague, he defeated a numerous
of-Gauls he-destroyed ; Mediolanum he-out-fought ; great prey Rome
army of the Gauls, stormed Milan ; and carried off a vast
bore-through; and triumphing Marcellus spoils of-Gaul, to-a-stake placed-
booty to Rome ; bearing the spoils of the Gaul, fixed to a
on, on-shoulders his-own he-carried.
pole, in triumph on his shoulders.
Marcus Minucius, Publius Cornelius consuls,
In the consulate of Marcus Minucius and Publius Cornelius,
to-the-Istrians war having-been-brought-in is, because having-robbed ships
war was made upon the Istrians, because they had plundered
of-Romans they-had-been, which corn were-
some ships belonging to the Romans which were bringing a sup-
holding-out; having-been-subdued-and are all.
ply of corn ; and they were entirely subdued.
Same in-year war Punic second to-Romans having-been-
In the same year the second Punic war was commenced against
brought-in is through Annibal, of-Carthaginians leader, who
the Romans by Annibal, general of the Carthaginians, who,
Saguntum, of-Spain city, to-Romans friendly, to-fight-against having.
in the twentieth year of his age, marched to besiege Saguntum,
 3G EUTROPIUS. BOOK III.

marched-to is, acting twentieth of-age year ; forces having-been-as-

a city of Spain,.in alliance with the Romans ; having assembled
sembled, hundred fifty thousands of-foot-soldiers and twenty
for that purpose an army of fifty thousand foot an.d twenty
thousands of-horsemen. To-him Romans through depuiies denounced,
thousand horse. The Romans sent a deputation to warn him
that from-war he-might-hold-off : he deputies to-admit was-un-
not to persist in hostilities ; but he refused the ambassadors
willing. Romans also Carthage sent, that it-might-
audience. The Romans sent also to Carthage, requiring that or-
be-charged to-Annibal, that-not war against companions of-
ders should be sent to Annibal, not to make war on the allies of
people Roman he-might-carry ; but hard answers from
the Roman people; but the answer sent back by the Car-
Carthaginians given-back. Saguntines in-the-
thaginians was of a haughty purport. The Saguntines, in the
mean-time, with-hunger conquered taken-and by
mean time, worn out with famine, were taken by Annibal, and
Annibal, last with-punishments are-affected,
subjected to the last extremity of torture.
Then Publius Cornelius Scipio with army into Spain having-departed is ;
Publius Cornelius Scipio then set out with an army for Spain ;
Tiberius Sempronius into Sicily. War to-Carthaglnians having-been-
Tiberius Sempronius for Sicily. War was declared against the
proclaimed is. Annibal, having-been-left-behind in Spain brother Asdrubal,
Carthaginians. Annibal, leaving his brother Asdrubal in Spain,
Pyrenean went-over; Alps, hitherto in that
passed the Pyrenees ; and forced himself a passage through the
part impassable, to-himself he-made-open. He-is-delivered-
Alps, hitherto thought impassable in that part. It is said that
over to Italy eighty thousands of-foot-soldiers, and twenty thousands of-
he brought into Italy eighty thousand foot, twenty thousand
horsemen, seven and thirty elephants to-have-led -to. In-the-mean-time many
horse, and thirty-seven elephants. Numbers of the
Ligurians and Gauls to-Annibal themselves joined. Sempronius
Ligurians and Gauls joined him on his march. Sempronius
Gracchus, having-been-known to Italy of-Annibal arrival, from
Gracchus, being informed of Annibal's arrival in Italy, trans-
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III.

Sicily army Ariminum threw-over. Publius Cornelius

ported his army out of Sicily to Ariminum. Publius Cornelius
Scipio to-Annibal first ran-against ; having-been-sent-together battle, hav-
Scipio first met Annibal ; and giving him battle, suf-
ing-been-rouled his-own self wounded into camp went-back. Sem-
fered a defeat, and retired himself wounded to his camp. .Sem-
pronius Gracchus and self struck-together at Trebia
pronius Gracchus also came to an engagement near the riyer
river : he also is-conquered. To-Annibal many themselves in Italy
Trebia, and he too was defeated. Numbers in Italy submitted
gave-up. Thence to Tuscany coming, Annibal to-Flaminius
to Annibal ; who, marching from thence into Tuscany, met the
consul ran-against : self Flaminius killed ; of-Romans twenty five thousands
consul Flaminius ; him he slew; also twenty-five thousand
having-been-cut are ; others fled-away. Sent
of the Romans; the rest saved themselves by flight. Quintus
opposite-to Annibal afterwards from Romans Quintus Fabius Maximus.
Fabius Maximus was afterwards sent to oppose Annibal.
He him, by-putting-off fight? from assault
This general, by declining an engagement, checked his impetu-
broke ; presently, having-been-found occasion, he-
osity; and soon after, meeting with a favorable opportunity, de-
conquered,
feated him.
Five-hundredth and fortieth in-year from put-toge-
In the five hundredth and fortieth year from the building of
ther city, Lucius .ALmilius, Publius Terentius Varro against
the city, Lucius iEmilius and Publius Terentius Varro are sent
Annibal are-sent, to-Fabius-and succeed ; which Fabius both consuls
to succeed Fabius against Annibal ; who forewarned both the
advised, that Annibal, cunning and impatient leader,
consuls, that there was no other way of conquering Annibal, who
not otherwise might-conquer, than battle by-putting-
was a crafty and impetuous general, than by declining an engage-
off. But when by-impatience of-
ment. But a battle being fought, through the impetuosity of
Varro consul, contradicting consul the-other, at village, which
Varro, the consul, in opposition to his colleague, near a vil
38 F.UTROPIUS. BOOK III.

Cannae is-called, in Apulia having-been-fought it-might-be, both consuls

lage called Cannee, in Apulia, both consuls
by Annibal are-conquered. In that fight three thousands of-Afri-
were defeated by Annibal. In that fight three thousand of the
cans perish ; great part from army of-Annibal is-wounded.
Africans fell, and a great part of Annibal's army were wounded.
No yet Punic in-war Romans more-heavily
The Romans however never received so severe a blow through-
having-been-received are; perished for in that iEmilius Paulus
out all the Punic wars; for the consul JSmilius Paulus fell in that
consul; consular and pratorian twenty, senators
battle; also twenty of consular and pratorian rank; thirty sena-
taken or slain thirty, more-noble men three-hundred ;
tors were taken or slain, and three hundred of noble descent;
of-soldiers forty thousands ; of-horsemen three thousands and five-hundred :
forty thousand foot; three thousand and five hundred horse:
in which evils nobody yet of-Romans of-peace mention to-have
during these calamities however not one of the Romans deigned
having-deigned is. Slaves, which never before,
to hint at peace. The slaves, a circumstance unprecedented,
made-free and soldiers having-been-made are.
were set free and made soldiers.
After this fight, many of-Italy cities, which to-Romans
After that battle, several cities of Italy, which had been sub-
had-obeyed, themselves to Annibal carried-over. Annibal to-
ject to the Romans, went over to Annibal. Annibal made
Romans offered, that captives they-might-buy-back,
proposals to the Romans respecting redeeming the prisoners;
having-been-answered-and it-is from senate, those citizens not to-be ne-
but the senate replied, that they could dispense with
cessary, who, when armed they-might-be, to-be-taken might-have-
citizens, who would suffer themselves to be taken with arms in
been-ahle. He all afterwards various with-punishments
their hands. Afterwards he put them all to death with various
killed, and three measures golden of-rings Carthage sent,
torments ; and sent three measures of gold rings to Carthage,
which from hands of-horsemen Roman, of-senators, and of-
which he had taken from the fingers of Roman knights, senators,
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III. 39

soldiers he-had-drawn-off. In-the-mean-time in Spain, where,

and soldiers. In the mean time, Asdrubal, the brother
brother of-Annibal, Asdrubal had-remained with great army,
of Annibal, who had remained in Spain with a powerful army,
that that all to-Africana he-might-bring-under by two
in order to reduce all that province under the dominion of the
Scipios, Roman leaders, he-is-conquered,
Africans, is defeated there by the two Scipios, the Roman generals,
loses-and in fight thirty five thousands of-men ; from these
and loses thirty-five thousand men in the battle; of these ten
are-taken ten thousands, are-slain twenty five,
thousand are made prisoners, and twenty-five thousand slain.
Are-sent to-him from Carthaginians to to-be-prepared-again strengths twelve
Upon this, twelve thousand foot, four thousand horse, and twenty
thousands of-foot-soldiers, four thousands of-horsemen, twenty
elephants, are sent to him by the Carthaginians to reinforce his
elephants.
army.
In-year fourth after-that into Italy Annibal came, Marcus
In the fourth year after Annibal's arrival in Italy, Marcus
Claudius Marcellns consul at Nola, city of-Campania,
Claudius Marcellus, the consul, engaged him with success at No-
against Annibal well fought. Annibal many cities of-
la, a city of Campania. Annibal made himself master of several
Romans through Apulia, Calabria, and the-Brutii seized-
of the Roman cities in Apulia, Calabria, and the country of the
upon : which in-time also, king of-Macedonia, Philip to him
Brutii; about this time also, Philip, king of Macedonia, sent
deputies sent, throwing-forth helps against Romans, under
ambassadors promising him assistance against the Romans, on
this condition, that, having-been-blotted-out Romans, self also
condition, that, when he had subdued them, he, in turn,
against Greeks from Annibal helps might-receive.
should receive assistance from Annibal against the Grecians.
Having-been-taken therefore deputies of-Philip and thing having-beeu-
But Philip's ambassadors being taken, and the affair thus dis-
known, Romans into Macedonia Marcus Valerius Laevinus to-go
covered, the Romans ordered Marcus Valerius Leevinus to march
 40 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III.

commanded, into Sardinia Titus Manlius proconsul ;

into Macedonia, and Titus Manlius, the proconsul, into Sardinia;
for also that, solicited by Annibal, Romans
for that island also, at the solicitation of Annibal, had deserted
had-deserted.
the Romans.
So one in-time four in-places it-was-
Thus war was carried on at the same time in four different
fought; in Italy against Annibal, in Spain, against brother of-him
places ; in Italy against Annibal, in Spain against Asdrubal his
Asdrubal, in Macedonia against Philip, in Sardinia against
brother, in Macedonia against Philip, in Sardinia against the
Sardinians and the-other Asdrubal Carthaginian. He by
Sardinians and another Asdrubal a Carthaginian. Asdrubal was
Titus Manlius proconsul, who to Sardinia sent bad-been, alive is
taken alive by Titus Manlius the proconsul, who had been sent
having-been-taken; slain with him twelve thousands, taken
into Sardinia ; twelve thousand of his men were slain, fifteen
thousand five-hundred : and by Romans Sardinia subdued,
hundred taken prisoners, and Sardinia reduced by the Romans.
Manlius conqueror captives and Asdrubal Rome carried-
Manlius being victorious brought Asdrubal and the prisoners to
back. In-the-mean-time also Philip by Laevinus in Macedonia
Rome. In the mean time Philip also is defeated by Laevinus in
is-conquered, and in Spain by the-Scipios Asdrubal and Mago,
Macedonia, and Asdrubal and Mago, a third brother of Annibal,
third brother of-Annibal.
by the Scipios in Spain.
Tenth in-year after-that Annibal into Italy had-come, Publius Sul-
In the tenth year after Annibal's arrival in Italy, Publius Sul-
picius, Cnaeus Fulvius consuls, Annibal as-far-as to fourth
picius and Cnaeus Fulvius being consuls, Annibal advanced within
mile of-city approached, horsemen of-him as-far-as to gates :
four miles of Rome, and his horse up to the very gates :
presently of-consuls from-fear, with army com-
through fear of the consuls, who were coming upon him with an
ing, Annibal to Campania himself took-back. In Spain
army, Annibal retired soon after into Campania. In Spain the
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III. 41

from brother Asdrubal both Scipios, who through many years con-
two Scipios, who had been victorious for many years, were slain
querors bad-been, are-killed ; army yet entire remained,
by his brother Asdrubal ; the army however remained unbroken,
by-fall for rather, than by-virtue, they-were having-
for accident rather than the valor of the enemy had occasioned
been-deceived. Which in-time also by consul Marcellus
this failure. About this time also, a great part of Sicily, which
of-Sicily great part having-been-taken is, which to-hold Africans
the Africans had begun to appropriate, was recovered by the
had-begun ; and from most-noble city Syracusan prey vast
Romans ; and an immense booty brought to Rome from the cele-
having-been-carried-forward is. Laevinus' in Macedonia
brated city of Syracuse. In Macedonia Leevinus entered into
with Philip, and many of-Greece peoples, and
an alliance with Philip, and several of the Grecian states, and
king of-Asia Attalus, friendship made ; and to Sicily baving-
with Attalus, the king of Asia ; and marching afterwards to
gone, Anno, a-certain of-Africans leader, at Agrigentum
Sicily, took Anno, a general of the Carthaginians, at the city of
city with self town took, him-and Rome
Agrigentum, together with the town itself, and sent him with
with captives noble sent; forty cities into surrender received,
other noble prisoners to Rome ; forty cities surrendered to him ;
twenty six out-fought. So all Sicily having-been-taken-
twenty-six he carried by storm. Thus all Sicily being re-
again, Macedonia having-been-broken, with vast glory Rome
covered, and Macedonia humbled, he returned to Rome
having-gone-back he-is. Annibal in Italy, Cnaeus Fulvius consul
with great glory. In Italy, Annibal, attacking Cneeus Fulvius,
suddenly having-gone-to, with eight thousands of-men
the consul, by surprise, slew him, together with eight thousand of
killed.
his meri. .
In-the-mean-time to Spains, where having-been-slain two the-Scipios,
In the mean time Publius Cornelius Scipio, a man almost the
no Roman leader was, Publius Cornelius Scipio is-
very first of all the Romans, both in his own and succeeding
/
 42 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III.

sent, son of-Publius Scipio, who in-the-same-place war

ages, son of that Publius Scipio, who had carried on the war
had-cairied, years born four and twenty, man of-
there before, is ordered, at the age of twenty-four, into Spain,
Romans all and his-own in-age and later in-time al-
where, after the loss of the two Scipios, the Romans had now no
most first. He Carthage of-Spain takes, in which all gold,
general left. He takes Carthage in Spain, in which the enemy
and silver, and of-war apparatus the- Africans were-having; most-
had laid up all their gold and silver, and warlike stores; he re-
noble also hostages, whom from Spaniards they-had-received,
ceives also from the Spaniards hostages of the most noble families,
Mago also, brother of-Annibal, in-the-same-place
takes prisoner Mago, the brother of Annibal, and sends him
he-takes, whom Rome with others he-sends. At-Rome vast joy
with the rest to Rome. The rejoicing at Rome on
after this message was. Scipio of-Spaniards hostages
this intelligence was very great. Scipio returned the Spanish
to-parents gave-back ; which by-thing all almost
hostages to their parents ; on which account almost all the
Spaniards to him one with-mind went-over. Afterwards-and Asdrubal, of-
Spaniards unanimously joined hiin. After this he puts to
Annibal brother, conquered he-puts-to-flight, and prey greatest
flight Asdrubal, the brother of Annibal, and takes an immense
takes.
booty.
In-the-mean-time in Italy consul Quintus Fabtus
In the mean time Quintus Fabius Maximus, the consul, Teco-
Maximus Tarentum took-back, in which vast forces of-Annibal
vered Tarentum in Italy, where Annibal's troops principally were
were, and there also, leader of-Annibal, Carthalo slew ;
quartered, and slew there also Carthalo, one of Annibal's generals ;
twenty-five thousands of-captives sold ; prey
twenty-five thousand of the prisoners he sold for slaves ; the spoil
to-soldiers he-parted-amongst ; money of-men sold
he divided among the soldiers ; the money arising from the sale of
to exchequer he-brought-back. Then many
the prisoners he paid into the public treasury. Several of the
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III. 43
cities of-Romans, which to Annibal had-gone-over before,
Roman cities at that time, which had gone over to Annibal,
again themselves to-Fabius Maiimus gave-back.
submitted themselves again to Fabius Maximus.
Following in-year Scipio in Spain excellent things
In the following year Scipio performed astonishing exploits in
did, and through himself and through brother his-own, Lucius Scipio :
Spain, both by himself and his brother, Lucius Scipio :
seventy cities he-took-back. In Italy yet badly having-been-
recovering seventy cities. In Italy however the war went on un-
fuught it-is, for Claudius Marcellus consul by Annibal
successfully, Claudius Marcellus the consul having been slain
having-been-killed is.
by Annibal.
Third in-year after-that Scipio to Spain having-gone had-been, again
In the third year after Scipio's departure for Spain, he again
things famous he-carries. King of-Spains, great
greatly distinguished himself. The king of Spain, whom he had
in-battle, conquered into friendship he-receives;
conquered in a considerable battle, he received into alliance ;
and first of-all from conquered hostages not de-
and was the first that did not demand hostages from the vanquished
nianded.
enemy.
Despairing Annibal Spains against Scipio longer
Annibal, despairing that Spain would be able to hold out any
to-be-able to-be-held-hack, brother his-own Asdrubal to Italy with
longer against Scipio, summoned Asdrubal, his brother, with all
all forces called-out. He, coming same by-journey in-which also
his troops, to Italy. He, taking the same route that Annibal had,
Annibal bad-come, by consuls Appius Claudius Nero and Marcus
fell into an ambuscade laid for him by the consuls, Appius
Livius Salinalor at Sena, of-Picenum city, into' snares laid-togetber
Claudius Nero and Marcus Livius Salinator, near Sena, a; city
fell-in; boldly yet fighting having-heen- slain is; vast v of-him
ofPicene; but fell fighting valiantly; his numerous forces
forces having-been-taken or killed are ; great weight of-gold
were either taken or put to the sword ; and a great quantity of
44 ETJTROPIUS. BOOK III.

and of-silver Rome brought-back. After these Anuibal to-distrust now

gold and silver carried to Rome. Annibal now began to despair
concerning of-war began event, and to-Romans vast mind
of the issue of the war, and the Romans felt an accession of
came-to. Therefore and selves called-out out-of Spain Publius
courage. They therefore also summoned Publius Cornelius
Cornelius Scipio. He Rome with vast glory came.
Scipio out of Spain ; who arrived at Rome with great glory.
Quintus Csecilius, Lucius Valerius consuls,
In the consulate of Quintus Csecilius and Lucius Valerius,
all cities, wliich in the-Brutii by Annibal were-
all the cities in the territory of the Brutii, which were in the
held, to-Romans themselves gave-over.
possession of Annibal, surrendered to the Romans.
In-year tenth fourth after-that into Italy Annibal had-come, Scipio,
In the fourteenth year after Annibal's arrival in Italy, Scipio,
who many well in Spain had-done, consul is having.
who had so greatly distinguished himself in Spain, was created
been-made, and into Africa sent; which to-man divine a-certain
consul, and sent into Africa; a man supposed to have some
to-be-in was-esteemed, to-that-degree that he-might-be-thought also with
pretensions to divinity, and even imagined to hold
deities to-have discourse. He in Africa against Anno,
converse with.»the gods. He encounters Anno, the general of
leader of-Africans, fights; army of-him kills. Second
the Carthaginians, in Africa, and destroys his army. In a second
in-battle camp he-took with four thousands and five-hundred soldiers,
battle he took his camp, with four thousand five hundred soldiers,
eleven thousands having-been-slain. Syphax, of-Numidia king, who
and slew eleven thousand. Syphax, king of Numidia, who
himself to-Africans had-joined-together, he-takes, and camp of-him goes-
had joined the Africans, he takes prisoner, and forces
against. Syphax, with most-noble Numidians and in-
his camp. Syphax, with the noblest of the Numidians, and an
finite spoils, by Scipio Rome is-sent ; wliich thing having-been-
immense booty, Scipio sends to Rome ; on the news of which
heard, all almost Italy Annibal deserls ; self by Carthagini-
event, almost all Italy forsakes Annibal ; and he himself is re-
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III. 45
ans into Africa to-go-back is-commanded, which Scipio was-
called by the Carthaginians to Africa, which Scipio was laying
wasting. So in-year seventh tenth from Annibal Italy
waste. Thus in the seventeenth year after his arrival, Italy
having-been-freed is, which weeping he-is-said to-have-
was delivered from Annibal, and he is said to have quitted it with
left. Deputies of-Carthaginians peace from Scipio
tears. Ambassadors from the Carthaginians applied to Scipio for
sought ; from him to senate Rome having-been-sent they-are : forty
peace, by whom they were referred to the senate ; a truce
five days to-these truces having-been-given are, whilst Rome to-gn and to-march-
of forty-five days being allowed for their journey to and
back they-might-be-able ; thirty thousand pounds of-silver from
from Rome ; and thirty thousand pounds of silver were
these having-been-received are. Senate from opinion of-Scipio
accepted from them. The senate directed that a peace
peace commanded with Carthaginians to-be-
should be concluded with the Carthaginians at the discretion of
made. Scipio these with-conditions gave, that-not more
Scipio. Scipio granted it on these conditions; that they should
than thirty ships they-might-have, five-hundred thousand
retain no more than thirty ships, that they should pay to the
pounds of-silver they-might-give, captives and
Romans five hundred thousand pounds of silver, and restore all
fugitives they-might-give-back.
the prisoners and deserters.
In-the-mean-time Annibal coming to Africa, peace having-been-
Annibal in the mean time arriving in Africa, the peace was
troubled is. Many hostile by Africans having-been-done are;
interrupted. Many hostilities were committed by the Carthaginians;
deputies yet of-them, from city coming, by Romans having- .
yet their ambassadors, being taken by the Romans, on their
been-taken are and, commanding Scipio, dismissed.
return from Rome, were, by Scipio's orders, set at liberty.
Annibal also, frequent in-battles conquered by Scipio, sought
' Annibal too, being defeated by Scipio in several battles, himself
also self peace. When having-been-come it-might.be to a-talking-together,
sued for peace. A conference being appointed,
40 EUTROPIUS. BOOK III.
same with-conditions having-been-given it-is, with-which befure,.
peace was granted on the same terms as before, a
added five-hundred to-thousands pounds of-silver hundred
hundred thousand being added to the former five hundred
thousands of-pounds on-account-of new
thousand pounds of silver, on account of this fresh instance of
perfidy. To-Carthaginians conditions displeased,
their perfidy. The terms were displeasing to the Carthaginians,
they-commanded-and Annibal to-fight.
and they ordered Annibal to continue the war.
Is-brought-in from Scipio and Masinissa, another king of-
The war is carried by Scipio, and Masinissa, another king of
the-Numidians, who friendship with Scipio had-made, to-
Numidia, who had entered into alliance with Scipio, to the
Carthage war. Annibal three spies to of-Scipio camp
very walls of Carthage. Annibal sent three spies into Scipio's
sent, whom taken Scipio to-be-led-about . through camp com-
camp, whom Scipio captured and ordered to be led round the
manded, to-be-shown-and to them whole army, presently also
camp, and the whole army to be exhibited to them, and them-
dinner to-be-given, to-be-dismissed-and, that they-mighl-tell-again to-An-
selves to be feasted and dismissed, that they might report to An
nibal, what at Romans they-migbt-have-seen. In-tbe-mean-
nibal all that they had seen among the Romans. In the mean
time battle from both leader having-been-furnished is, such-as scarcely any in-
time both generals prepare for a battle, unparalleled in the
memory has-been, when most-skilled men forces their-own to
memory of man, since they were the ablest commanders that ever
war might-lead-out. Scipio conqueror goes-back, almost
drew out their forces in war. Scipio returns victorious, having
self Annibal having-been-taken, who at-firat with many
almost captured Annibal himself, who escaped at first with several
horsemen, from-thence with twenty, at-last with four went-off.
horse, then with twenty, and at last only with four.
Found in camp of-Annibal of-silver pounds twenty thousands,
Twenty thousand pounds of silver were found in Annibal's camp,
of-gold eight-hundred, other with-furniture plentiful., After that contest,
eight hundred of gold, with plenty of stores. After that battle,
 I
EUTROPIUS. BOOK III. 47

peace with Carthaginians having-been-made is. Scipio Rome

a peace was concluded with the Carthaginians. Scipio returned
went-back, and vast with-glory triumphed, and Africanus from
to Rome, and triumphed with great glory, receiving from that
that to-be-addressed began. End received
period the appellation of Africanus. Thus an end was put to the
second Funic war after year ninth tenth, than it-had-begun.
second Punic war, in the nineteenth year after its commencement.
 48 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

BOOK FOURTH.
THE FOURTH BOOK.

Having-been-acted-through Punic war, followed Macedonian against

The Punic war being terminated, the Macedonian against king
Philip king-
Philip succeeded.
Five-hundredth and fiftieth first in-year from city put-toge-
In the five hundred and fifty-first year from the building of the
ther, Titus Quintius Flammius against Philip king is-sent. Things
city, Titus Quintius Flaminius was sent against king Philip. He
prosperously he-carried; peace to-him was-given
was successful in this service ; peace was granted to Philip on
these with-laws, that-not of-Greece to-cities, which Romans
these conditions, that he should not make war on those states
against him had-defended, war he-might-bring-in ;
of Greece which had been defended against him by the Romans;
that captives and deserters he-might-give-back; fifty only
that he should restore the prisoners and deserters ; retain only
ships he-might-have, the-rest to-Romans he-might-give-up ; through
fifty vessels, and deliver up the rest to the Romans; for ten
years ten four thousands of-pounds-weight of-silver "he-might-set-forth ;
years pay a tribute of four thousand pounds weight of silver;
and hostage might-give, son his-own, Demetrius. Titus Quintius
and give his own son Demetrius for a hostage. Titus Quintius
also to-the-Lacedsamonians brought-in war ; leader of-them, Nabis he-
made war also on the Lacedaemonians ; defeated their general
conquered, and with-which he-wished with-conditions into faith
Nabis, and admitted them into alliance on such terms as he
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV. 49

received. Vast with-glory he-led before chariot

pleased. He led with great ostentation before his chariot host-
most-noble hostages, Demetrius, of-PMlip son, and Arme-
ages of most noble rank, Demetrius, the son of Philip, and Arme-
nes of-Nabis. .
nes, the son of Nabis.
Having-been-acted-through war Macedonian, followed Syrian
The Macedonian war being thus terminated, the Syrian against
against Antiochus king, Fublius Cornelius Scipio, Marcus
king Antiochus succeeded, Publius Cornelius Scipio and Marcus
Acilius Glabrio consuls. To-this Antiochus Aunibal him-
Acilius Glabrio being consuls. To this Antiochus Annibal had
self had-joined, Carthage country his-own, that-not
joined himself, abandoning his native country, Carthage, to avoid
to-Romans he-might-be-given-over, leaving. Marcus Acilius Glabrio
being delivered up to the Romans. Marcus Acilius Glabrio
iri ' Achaia fought well. Camps of-kiug of-Antiochus
fought successfully in Achaia. The camp of king Antiochus was
nightly in-fight were-taken; self is-put-to-flight.
taken by storm in the night, and he himself obliged to fly.
To-Philip, because against Antiochus to-Romans for- help he-might-havc-
Philip', having assisted the Romans in their contest with Anti-
been, son Demetrius was-given-back.
ochus, had his son Demetrius restored to him.
Lucius Cornelius Scipio, Caius Laelius consuls,
In the consulate of Lucius Cornelius Scipio and Caius Laelius,
Scipio Africanus, to -brother his-own, to-Lucius Cornelius Scipio
Scipio Africanus went out as lieutenant to his brother Lucius
consul deputy against Antiochus went-forth. Annibal, who
Cornelius Scipio, the consul, against Antiochus. Annibal, who
with Antiochus was, naval in-battle was-conquered. Self
was with Antiochus, was defeated in a naval engagement. Anti-
afterwards Antiochus about Sipylus and Magnesia, of-
ochus himself was afterwards routed by Cornelius Scipio, the
Asia city, by consul Cornelius Scipio vast in-battle was-
consul, in a considerable battle near Sipylus and Magnesia, a city
poured-out. For-help was to-Romans in that fight Eumenes,
of Asia. Eumenes, who founded the city of Eumenia in Phrygia,
, . s
50 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

of-Attalus of-king brother, who Eumenia in Phrygia put-toge-

the brother of king Attalus, assisted the Romans in that engage-
ther. Fifty thousands of-foot-soldiers, four thousands of-horse-soldiers,
ment. Fifty thousand foot, and four thousand horse were slain
that iD-contest from part of-king were-slain. Then king Antiochus
in that battle on the side of the king. Upon that, king Antiochus
peace seeks, which same with-conditions is-given from senate,
sued for peace, which was granted to him, although vanquished,
although conquered, with-which before it-was-offered ;
by the senate, on the same conditions as it was offered before ;
that from Europe and Asia he-might-go-back, and within
that he should retire out of Europe and Asia, and confine him-
Taurus himself might-hold-within ; ten thousands of-talents
self to the other side of mount Taurus ; that he should deliver ten
and twenty hostages might-afford ; Annibal, exciter
thousand talents and twenty hostages ; and surrender Annibal,
of-war, might-give-up. To-Eumenes to-king were-presented all
the author of the war. All the cities of Asia, which Antiochus
of-Asia cities, which Antiochus in-war bad-lost ; and to-Rho-
had lost in this war, were presented to Eumenes ; many cities
dians, who help to-Romans against king Antiochus had-brought, many
also were given up to the Rhodians, who had assisted the Ro-
cities were-conceded. Scipio Rome went-back ; vast
mans against Antiochus. Scipio returned to Rome ; celebrated
with-glory triumphed; name and self, to imi-
his triumph with great ostentation ; and he also, after the example
tation of-brother, Asiatic received, because Asia he-had-
of his brother, received the name of Asiaticus, from his conquest
conquered ; so-as brother of-self, on-account-of Africa
of Asia; as his brother, on account of the reduction of
tamed, Africanus w as-addressed.
Africa, had been styled Africanus.
Spurius Posthumius Albinus, Quintus Marcius Philippns
Under the consuls Spurius Posthumius Albinus and Quintus
consuls, Marcus Fulvius from tbe-JEtolians
Marcius Philippus, Marcus Fulvius triumphed in consequence of a
triumphed. Annibal, who, having-been-conquered
conquest over the iEtolians. Annibal, who, on the defeat of
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV. 51
Antiochus, that-not to-Romans be-might-be-given-over, to Prusias
Antiochus, had fled to Prusias, king of Bithynia, lest he should
of-Bithynia king had-fled, having-been-resought also from him is
be surrendered to the Romans, was demanded also at his hands
through Titus Quintius Flaminius ; and when about-to-be-given-over he-
by Titus Quintius Flaminius ; and when he was on the point
might-be to-Romans, poison he-drank, and at Libyssa in borders
of being surrendered, drank poison, and was buried at Libyssa,
of-the-Nicomedians was-buried.
on the confines of the Nicomedians.
Philip, king of-Maeedonia, having-died, who and against
On the death of Philip, king of Macedon, who had both waged
Romans war had-carried, and afterwards to-Romans against Antiochus help
war with the Romans, and afterwards been their ally against
had-brought, son of-him, Perseus in Macedonia warred-again, vast
Antiochus, his son Perseus revolted in Macedonia, having
forces to war having-been-prepared : for aiders he-was-having, Cotys;
levied immense forces for the war : his allies being Cotys,
of-Thrace king and of-Illyricum king, Gentius by-
king of Thrace, and the king of Illyricum, whose name was
name. To-Romans but into help were Eumenes of-Asia king,
Gentius. The Romans were joined by Eumenes, king of Asia,
Ariaratb.es of-Cappadocia, Antiochus of-Syria, Ptolemy of-Egypt,
Ariarathes of Cappadocia, Antiochus of Syria, Ptolemy of Egypt,
Masinissa of-Numidia. Prusias but, king of-Bithynia,
Masinissa of Numidia. Prusias however, the king of Bithynia,
although sister of-Perseus wife he-might-have, to-both him-
although he had married the sister of Perseus, remained
self equal afforded. Leader of-Romans, Publius Lucinius
neutral. Publius Licinius, the consul, and general of the
consul, is by king heavy in-battle having-been-conquered ; nor
Romans, was defeated by Perseus in a severe engagement; yet
yet Romans, although overcome, to-king seeking peace to-
the Romans, although vanquished, would not grant peace to
set-forth wished, unless these with-conditions, that himself and
the king at his request, except on condition that he should
bis-own to-senate and to-people Roman he-might-give-up.
surrender himself and forces to the senate and the Roman people.
52 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

Presently sent against him Lucius /Emilius Paulus

Lucius iEmilius Paulus, the consul, was afterwards sent to oppose
consul, and into Illyricum Caius Anicius praetor against Gen-
him, and Caius Anicius the preetor into Illyricum against Gen-
tius : but 'Gentius, easily one in-battle having-been-conquered,
tius : but Gentius, being defeated with ease in a single battle,
presently himself gave-np ; mother of-bim, and wife, and two sonst
soon surrendered ; his mother, wife, his two sons,
brother also of-him, together into power of-Romans
and his brother, fell at the same time into the power of the
came. So war within days thirty having-been-done-through,
Romans. Thus the war was terminated within thirty days, and
before it-was-known Gentius having-been-conquered, than begun
the news of Gentius's defeat arrived before it was announced
war might-be-told.
that the war had been begun.
With Perseus but Emilius Paulus consul on-the
But iEmilius Paulus the consul came to an engagement with
third (day-before) the-nones of-September fought, conquered-and him,
Perseus on the third of the nones of September, and defeated him,
twenty thousands of-foot-soldiers of-him having-been-slain ; cavalry
killing twenty thousand of his foot ; the horse,
with king was entire; of-Romans
which kept with the king, remained unbroken ; of the Romans
hundred soldiers were-lost. Cities of-Macedonia all,
a hundred soldiers were lost. All the cities of Macedonia, of
which king had-held, to-Romans themselves gave-up. Self
which Perseus had been master, submitted to the Romans. The
king, when he-might-be-deserted by friends, came into of-Paulus pow-
king himself, deserted by his friends, surrendered to Pau-
er ; but honor . to-him Emilius not as-if conquered
lus ; but Paulus treated him honorably, and not as a vanquished
had, for and wishing to-himself to feet to-fall
enemy, for he would not permit him when he desired to prostrate
not he-permitted, but near himself in seat he-placed-together. To-
himself before him, but placed him in a seat by his side. The
Macedonians and to-lllyrians these laws were-
conditions imposed upon the Macedonians and Illyrians were
 EUTROPIUS. "BOOK IV. 53
given, that free they-might-be, and half those of.
these ; that they should remain free, paying only half the tribute
tributes might-set-forth, which to-kings might-have-been-set-forth ; that it-
which they had been accustomed to pay to their kings; that it
might-appear, people Roman for equity more
might be seen that the Roman people contended on the principles
than for avarice to-fight : and in the-coming-together
of equity and not of covetousness : and, in an assembly of a
infinite of-people Paulus these told-forth ;
very great concourse of people, Paulus proclaimed these terms ;
and deputations many of-nations, which to him
entertaining the ambassadors of several states, which had waited
had-come, most-magnificent he-fed with-feast, saying, of-the-same
on him, with a most sumptuous feast; saying that it was cori-
of-man to-be to-owe, and in-war to-conquer; and
sistent with the same individual, to be victorious in war, and
of-feast in-preparation elegant to-be.
elegant in his entertainments.
Presently seventy cities of-Epirus, which had-warred-again.
Shortly after he took seventy cities of Epirus, which had re-
he-took; prey to-soldiers he-distributed. Rome
volted ; the booty he distributed among the soldiers. He re-
with vast pomp he-went-back in ship of-Per-
turned to Rome with great triumph, in a vessel belonging to Per
seus, which unusual of-magnitude to-have-been is-delivered-over,
seus, which is recorded to have been of such surprising magnitude,
to-that-degree that sixteen rows to-have-had it-may-be-said of-oars. Be-
that it contained sixteen banks of oars. He
triumphed but most-magnificently in chariot golden, with
celebrated his triumph most magnificently in a golden car, with
two sons both by-side standing-near : were-led before chariot two
his two sons on each side ; the two sons of Perseus, and the
of-king sons, and self Perseus, forty five
king himself, then forty-five years of age, were conducted in pro-
years born. After him also Caius
cession before the car. After ^Lmilius Caius Anicius celebrated
Anicius from Illyrians triumphed: Gentius with
a triumph on account of the Illyrians: in which Gentius, with
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

brother and sons before chariot was-led. To . this

his brother and sons were led before his car. To witness this
spectacle many of-nations kings to-Rome came ; among
spectacle the kings of several nations came to Rome ; among
others also came Attalus and Eumenes, of-Asia kings, and Prusias
others, even Attalus and Eumenes, kings of Asia, and Prusias,
of-Bithynia ; great with-honor they-were-received,
king of Bithynia; they were entertained with great consideration,
and, permitting with-senate, gifts, which they-had- brought,
and, by permission of the senate, deposited the presents which
in capitol they-placed. Prusias also, son his-own,
they brought in the capitol. Prusias also entrusted his son Ni-
Nicomedes to-sena(e committed,
comedes to the senate.
Following in-year Lucius Mernmius in Spain well
In the year following Lucius Mernmius fought with success in
fought. Marcellus afterwards consul things in-the-same-part proa-
Spain. Marcellus the consul afterwards met with success in the
perously carried.
same quarter.
Third from-thence war against Carthage is-undertaken, ax-
A third war was then undertaken against Carthage, in the six
hundredth and another in-year from city put-together, Lucius
hundred and first year from the building of the city, in the con-
Manlius Censorinus and Marcus Manilius consuls, in-ye»r
sulate of Lucius Manlius Censorinus and Marcus Manilius, in the
fiftieth first after-that second Punic war had-been-acted-through.
fifty-first year after the termination of the second Punic war.
These setting-out Carthage fought-against. Against
The consuls proceeded accordingly to attack Carthage. Asdru-
thero Asdrubal, leader of-Carthaginians, was-fighting: Famea, leader
bal, the Carthaginian general, engaged them : Famea, another
another, to-cavalry was-before of-Carthaginians. Scipio
general, commanded the Carthaginian cavalry. At that time,
than, of-Scipio Africanus grandson, tribune there
Scipio, the grandson of Scipio Africanus, served in the army in
was-being-a-soldier, of-whom at all vast fear and reTei-
the capacity of tribune, and was held in the greatest dread and
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

ence was; for and most-prepared to to-fight,

veneration by all ; being considered both the boldest warrior
and most-consulted he-was-had. And-so through him
and the most scientific officer of his age. Many successful ex-
many(things) prosperously were-carried : nor any-thing more or
ploits were therefore attributable to him ; nor did Asdrubal or
Asdrubal or Famca were-avoiding, than against that of-Romans part fight
Famea shun any thing more, than to engage with that part of
to-send-together, where Scipio was-fighting.
the army, where Scipio was stationed.
Through the-same time Masinissa, king of-the-Numidians, through years
About the same time, Masinissa, king of Numidia, who had been
sixty almost friend of-people Roman, in-year
an ally of the Roman people for nearly sixty years, died in the
of-life his ninetieth seventh died, forty-four sons having-been-left.
ninety-seventh year of his age, leaving behind him forty-four sons.
Scipio divider of-kingdom between sons to-be he-commanded.
He appointed Scipio to portion out his kingdom amongst his sons.
When therefore bright of-Scipio name might-be.
The name of Scipio therefore having already become famous,
young hitherto consul he-was-made, and against
he was created consul, although but a young man, and sent
Carthage sent. He it took and pulled-down: spoils
against Carthage. He took it and demolished it: the spoils
there found, which from various of-cities razings Carthage
found there, which had been amassed by Carthage from the ruins
had-collected, and ornaments of-cities, to-cities of-Sicily,
of various states, and the ornaments of cities, he restored to
of-Italy, and of-Africa he-gave-back, which their-own were-knowing-again.
those of Sicily, Italy, and Africa, who reclaimed them.
So Carthage, seven-hundredth in-year after-that it-had-been-put-together,
Thus Carthage, in the seven hundredth year after its foundation,
was-blotted-out. Scipio name, which grandfather of-him
was destroyed. Scipio earned the same title which had been
had-received, deserved, namely, that on-account-of virtue also
conferred on his grandfather, being, on account of his valor,
self Africanus Junior might-be-calied.
himself styled Africanus Junior.
 EUTROP1US. BOOK IV.

In-lhe-mean-time in Macedonia a-certain false-Philip arms moved,

In the mean time a counterfeit Philip took up arms in Macedonia,
and Roman praetor, Publiua Juvencius, against
and defeated Publius Juvencius, the Roman praetor, who had
himself sent, to massacre conquered. After him
been sent out against him, with a terrible slaughter. After him
Quintus Cheilitts Metellus leader from Romans against the-
Quintus Caecilius Metellus was sent by the Romans as general
false-Philip was-sent, and, twenty five thousands out-of soldiers
against this Pseudo-Philip, and, having slain twenty-five thousand
of-him having-been-slain, Macedonia he-recovered ; self also the-
of his soldiers, recovered Macedonia ; and the impostor
false-Philip into power his-own he-reduced,
himself fell into his power.
To-the-Corinthians also war was-declared, most-noble of-Greece
War was also declared against Corinth, the noblest city
to-city, on-account-of injury of-deputies
of Greece, ou account of the indignity offered to the Roman
Roman. This Mummius consul took and threw-down.
ambassadors. That city Mummius the consul took and demolished.
Three therefore at-Rome at-the-saroe-time most-celebrated triumphs
Three most celebrated triumphs therefore were held at Rome at the
were, of-Africanus from Africa, before whose chariot was-led
same time, that of Scipio, for Africa, before whose chariot Asdru-
Asdruba! ; of-Metellus from Macedonia, whose chariot went-
bal was led ; of Metellus for Macedonia, whose chariot was
before Andriscus, who and False-Philip is-said ; of-Mummius
preceded by Andriscus, also called Pseudo-Philip ; and that of
from Corinth, before whom signs brazen, and painted
Mummius, on account of Corinth, before whom brazen statues,
tablets, and other of-city most-bright ornaments were-
pictures, and other ornaments of that celebrated city, were
borne-before.
carried.
Again in Macedonia a-false-Perseus, who himself
In the mean time in Macedonia a Pseudo-Perseus, who called
of-Perseus son to-be was-saying, having-been-gathered-together slaves,
himself the son of Perseus, collecting the slaves,
 KUTROPIUS. BOOK IV. 57

rebelled; and when seventeen of-armcd(men) thousands he-might-have,

rebelled; and, with an army of seventeen thousand fighting men,
from Tremellius qusestor was-over-come.
was defeated by Tremellius the qusestor.
Same in-time Metellus in Celtiberia at
. About the same time Metellus distinguished himself by his
Spaniards excellent things carried. Succeeded
singular success against the Spaniards in Celtiberia. Quintus
to-him Quintus Pompeius. Nor much after Quintus also Ctepio
Pompeius succeeded him. Not long after Quintus Csepio was
to the-same war sent, which a-certain Viriatus a-
also sent to the same war, which a leader named Viriatus was
gainst the-Romans in Lusitania was-carrying ; which from fear
maintaining against the Romans in Lusitania; through fear of
Viriatus by his-own was-killed, when fourteen
whom the soldiers of Viriatus slew him, after he had excited
years Spains against the-Romans he-might-have-moved,
an insurrection in Spain against the Romans for fourteen years.
Shepherd at-first he-was, presently of-robbers leader,
He was at first a shepherd, then captain of a band of robbers,
lastly so-great to war peoples he-stirred-together, that claimer
lastly he excited so many powerful nations to war, that he was
against the-Romans of-Spain he-might-be-thought ; and
considered as the protector of Spain against the Romans; and
when killers of-him reward from Cwpio consul might-seek,
when his murderers demanded a reward of Caepio the consul,
it-was-answered, never to-Romans to-have-pleased,
they received for answer, that it was never pleasing to the Romans,
commander by his-own soldiers to-be-killed.
that a general should be slain by his own soldiers.
Quintus Pompeius from-thence consul by
Quintus Pompey the consul being afterwards defeated by
the-Numamines, which of-Spain city was most-wealthy, overcome, peace
the Numantines, the most opulent nation of Spain, made
ignoble made. After him Caius Hostilius Man-
an ignominious peace. After him Caius Hostilius Man-
cinus consul again with the-Numantmes peace made
cinus, the consul, again concluded an infamous peace with the
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

disreputable, which people and senate commanded to-be-broken-

Numantines, which the people and senate ordered to be dis-
into, and self Maneinus to-the-enemies to-be-given-over, that
solved, and Mancinus himself to be given up to the enemy, that
in him, whom author of-treaty they-were-having, injustice loosened
they might avenge themselves for this infraction of the treaty
of-treaty they-might-avenge. After so-great therefore ignominy, in-
upon the author of it. After this signal disgrace therefore, in-
which by the-Numantines twice Roman armies had-been brought-under-the-yoke,
curred by the Roman armies in two defeats by the Numantines,
Publius Scipio Africanus secondly consul made, and
Publius Scipio Africanus was created a second time consul, and
to Numantia was-sent. He firstly soldier, vicious
sent to Numantia. It was his first care to reform the dissolute
and inactive, by-exercising more than by-ponishing, without
and idle soldiery, without severity, but rather by inuring them
any bitterness corrected. Then many of-Spain cities
to labor than by punishment. After that he took several cities of
partly in-war he-took, partly into a-giving-up he-received. Lastly
Spain, some by force, others he gained by surrender. At length,
self Numantia, for-a-long-time besieged, by-hunger he-finished, and
he reduced Numantia itself by famine, after a long siege, and
from the-soil turned-up : the-rest the-province into faith he-
razed it to the ground ; the rest of the province he received into
received.
alliance.
That in-time Attalus, king of-Asia, brother of-Eume-
About that time Attalus, the king of Asia, brother of Eume-
nes, died, heir-and people Roman left. So to-empire
nes, died, and left the Roman people his heir. Thus Asia was
Roman through a-will Asia approached.
added to the Roman empire by will.
Presently also Decimag Junius Brutus from the-Gallaecians
Shortly after also Decimus Junius Brutus obtained a magni-
and the-Lusitanians triumphed great with-glory; and Publius
ficent triumph over the Galleecians and Lusitanians; and Publius
Scipio Africanus from the-Numantines second triumph acted, fourth
Scipio Africanus a second on account of the Numantines, in the
 EUTROP1US. BOOK IV.

tenth in-year after-that former from. Africa

fourteenth year after his first triumph on account of Af-
he-had-acted.
rica. '
Moved in-the-mean-time in Asia war is from Aristonicus,
A war in the mean time .is kindled in Asia by Aristonicus,
of-Eumenes son, who from concubine begotten had-been : that Eumenes
the son of Eumenes by a concubine: this Eumenes
brother of-Attalus had-been. Against him was-sent Publius
was the brother of Attalus. Publius Licinius Crassus was sent
Iacinius Crassus. He-had unlimited of-kings helps, for and,
out against him. He was assisted by several kings, for both
of-Bithynia king, Nicomedes the-Romans assisted, and
Nicomedes, the king of Bithy.nia, assisted the Romans, and
Mithridatea belonging-to-Pontus, with whom afterwards war
Mithridates the king of Pontus, with whom afterwards they were
most-heavy was, and Ariarathes the-Cappadocian,
engaged, in a serious war, and Ariarathes the king of Cappadocia,
and Pylaemenes the-Paphlagonian. Was-conquered yet
and Pyleemenes of Paphlagonia. Crassus notwithstanding was
Crassus, and in battle killed; head of-him to-Aristonicus was-offered,
defeated, and slain in battle; his head carried to Aristonicus,
body at-Smyrna buried. Afterwards Ferpenna, consul
and his body buried at Smyrna. After that, Perpenna, the Roman
Roman, who successor to-Crassus was-coming, having-been-heard
consul, who was appointed successor to Crassus, hearing of the
of-war fortune, to Asia quickened ; and, in-edge conquered, Aris-
event of the war, hastened to Asia; and defeating Aristonicus
tonicus, at Stratonice city, whither he-had-fled, by-hunger
in battle, near the city Stratonice, to which he had fled, reduced
to surrender drove. Aristonicus by-command of-
him by famine to surrender. Aristonicus, by command of the
senate at-Rome in prison strangled, to-be triumphed for
senate, was strangled in prison at Rome, for a triumph could not
from him not it-was-able, because Perpenna at Pergamus
be celebrated on his account, because Perpenna when on his re-
going-back day had-gone-through.
turn had died at Pergamus.
60 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

Lucius Crecilius Metellus and Titus Quintiui Flaminius

In the consulate of Lucius Ceecilius Metellus and Titus Quintius
consuls, Carthage in Africa by-command of-the-senate was-pre-
Flaminius, Carthage in Africa, which still remains, was rebuilt,
pared-again, which now remains, in-years two and twenty after-that
by order of the senate, two and twenty years after it had
by Scipio it-had-Been overturned. Led-down thither are citizens
been demolished by Scipio. A colony of Roman citizens was led
Roman.
there.
In-year six-hundredth twentieth seventh from city
In the six hundred and twenty-seventh year from the building
put-together, Caius Cassius Longinus and Sextns Domitius Cal-
of the city, Caius Cassius Longinus and Sextus Domitius Cal-
vinus consuls to-Gauls beyond-the-Alps war brought-in, and
vinus, the consuls, made war upon the Transalpine Gauls, and
of-the-Arvemi most-noble then to-city and of-them
the city of the Arverni, at that time very celebrated, and their
to-king, to-Bituitus ; endless-and multitude near Rhone river
king, Bituitus ; and slew an immense multitude near the river
killed. Prey from collars of-Gauls vast
Rhone. A very considerable booty consisting of the golden
to-Rome was-brought-through. Bituitus himself
collars of the Gauls was brought to Rome. Bituitus surrendered
to-Domitius gave-up, and by him to-Rome was-led ; great-
himself to Domitius, and was conveyed by him t<J Rome; and
and witb-glory consuls both triumphed.
both consuls triumphed with great glory.
Marcus Porcius Cato and Quintus Marcus Rex
In the consulate of Marcus Porcius Cato and Quintus Mar-
consuls, six-hundredth thirtieth in-year and third from city
cus Rex, in the six hundred and thirty-third year from the building
put-together, Narbonne in Gaul colony was-led-down.
of the city, a colony was conveyed to Narbonne in Gaul.
Afterwards by Lucius Metellus and Quintus Mucius Scaevola
Afterwards a triumph was obtained over the Dalmatians by Lucius
consuls from Dalmatia it-was-triumphed.
Metellus and Quintus Mucius Sceevola the consuls.
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV. 61

From city put-together in-year six-hundredth thirtieth

In the six hundred and thirty-fifth year from the building of
fifth, Caius Cato consul to-the-Scordisci brought-in war,
the city, Caius Cato, the consul, made war upon the Scordisci,
ignominiously-aud fought,
but disgraced himself in the engagement.
Caius Caecilius Metellus and Cnaeus Carbo consuls, . two
Caius Ceecilius Metellus and Cneeus Carbo being consuls, the
the-Metelli brothers, same in-day, the-other from Thrace, from Sardinia
Metelli, two brothers, triumphed on the same day, one for
the-other, triumph acted : having-been-reported-and at-Rome it-is,
Thrace, the other for Sardinia : and news was brought to Rome,
the-Cimbri from Gaul into Italy to-have-gone-over,
that the Cimbri had crossed out of Gaul into Italy.
Publius Scipio Nasica and Lucius Calpumius Bestia
Publius Scipio Nasica and Lucius Calpumius Bestia being
consuls, to-Jugurtha, of-Numidians to-king, war was-brought-in, because
consuls, war was made upon Jugurtha, king of Numidia, because
Adherbal and Hiempsal, of-Micipsa sons, brothers
he had murdered Adherbal and Hiempsal, the sons of Micipsa,
his-own, kings, and of-people Roman' friends, he-might-have-killed.
his cousins, kings and allies of the Roman people.
Sent against him consul Calpumius Bestia, corrupted
Calpumius Bestia, the consul, was sent against him, but being
of-king by-money, peace with him most-
corrupted by the king's money, concluded a most ignominious
wicked made, which by senate was-disapproved.
peace with him, which was afterwards annulled by the senate.
Afterwards against the-same following in-year Spurius Albinus Posthumius
Spurius Albinus Posthumius proceeded against him in the fol-
went-forth : be also through brother disgracefully against
lowing year : he also through his brother met with a disgraceful
Numidians . fought.
defeat from the Numidians.
.> Thirdly sent Quintus Caecilius Metellus
Quintus Ceecilius Metellus the consul being sent out as the
consul, army, vast with-severity
third general against him, brought back the army, which he reformed
 G2 EUTROPIUS. BOOK IV.

and with-moderation corrected, when nothing into any-one

with great severity and judgment, without being guilty of the least
bloody he-might-do, to discipline Roman he-brought-back.
cruelty towards any individual, to the ancient Roman discipline.
Jugurtha various in-battles he-conquered, elephants of-him he-slew
He defeated Jugurtha in several battles, killing or taking his
or took : and when now to-war end about-to-put-upon he-might-be,
elephants : and, when on the point of putting an end to the war,
it-was-succeeded to-him by Caius Marius. He Jugurtha
was succeeded by Caius Marius. Marius defeated both Ju-
and Bocchus, of- Mauritania king, who help to-Jugurtha
gurtha and Bocchus, the king of Mauritania, who had begun to
to-bring had-begun, equally overcome : some-few and self towns
afford assistance to Jugurtha : he also took a few towns
of-Numidia he-took, to-war-and bound he-put, having-been-taken Jugur-
of Numidia, and put an end to the war, having by means
tha through qusstor his-own Cornelius Sylla, very-great man,
of his quaestor Cornelius Sylla, a distinguished man,
giving-over Bocchus Jugurtha, who for him before
taken Jugurtha prisoner, whom Bocchus, who had before fought for
had-fought.
him, betrayed.
By Marcus Junius Silanus, colleague of-Quintus Metellus,
In Gaul, the Cimbri were defeated by Marcus Junius Silanus,
the-Cimbri in Gaul, and by Minutius Rufus in Macedonia
the colleague of Quintus Metellus, the Scordisci and Triballi in
the-Scordisci and the-Triballi, and by Servilius Caepio in Spain the-
Macedonia by Minutius Rufus, and the Lusitani in Spain by
Lusitani, were-conquered ; and two triumphs from Jugurtha, first
Servilius Caepio: and two triumphs were celebrated on
through Metellus, second through Marius, were-acted.
account of Jugurtha, one by Metellus, the other by Marius.
Before chariot yet of-Marius Jugurtha with two sons
But before the chariot of Marius Jugurtha and his two sons
was-led chained, and presently by-command of-consul in
were led in chains, and soon after by order of the consul he was
prison strangled,
strangled in prison.
 EUTR0P1US. BOOK V. 63

BOOK FIFTH.
THE FIFTH BOOK.

Whilst war in Numidia against Jugurtha is-carried.

While the war is carried on in Numidia against Jugurtha,
Roman consuls, Marcus Manilius and Quintus Caepio, by
the Roman consuls, Marcus Manilius and Quintus Capio, were
the-Cimbri, and Teutones, and Tigurini, and Ambrones, which were
defeated by the Cimbri, Teutones, Tigurini, and Ambrones,
of-Germans and of-GauIs nations, were-conquered near river Rhone ;
nations inhabiting Germany and Gaul, near the river Rhone;
and, vast with-carnage rubbed, also camp their-own
and being routed with a terrible slaughter, lost even their camp
and great part of-army they-lost. Fear at-Rome
together with a great part of their army. Great was the conster-
great was, as-great-as scarcely of-Annibal in-time
nation at Rome, such as was scarcely experienced during the
Punic iu-wars, lest again Gauls (to-)Rome
Punic wars in the time of Annibal, lest the Gauls should again.
might-come. Therefore Marius, after victory . Jugurthine,
attack Rome. Marius therefore, after his victory over Jugurtha,
secondly consul was-made, war-and to-bim against
was created consul the second time, and the war against the
the-Cimbri and Teutones was-decreed. Third-
Cimbri and Teutones was decreed to his management. The
ly also to-him and fourthly was-brought-down the-consulate,
consulate was also conferred on him a third and fourth time,
because wars with the-Cimbri were-drawn-forth ; but
in consequence of the wars with the Cimbri being protracted ; but
 64 EUTROPIUS. BOOK V.

in fourth consulate colleague he-had Quintus Luctatius

in the fourth consulate he had Quintal Luctatius Catulus for his
Catulus. With the-Cimbri therefore he-dashed-together, and two in-
colleague. Engaging therefore with the Citnbri, in two battles
battles two-hundred thousands took and, leader of-them, Teu-
he took two hundred thousand prisoners, and their general Teu-
tobodus ; on-account-of which desert, absent fifthly consul
tobodus ; for which service, although absent, he was a fifth
he-was-made.
time elected consul.
Tn-the-mean-time the-Cimbri and Teutones, of-whom plenty
In the mean time the Cimbri and Teutones, whose numbers
still infinite was, to Italy went-over. Again by Caius
were still immense, passed over into Italy. Another battle was
Marius and Quintus Catulus against them it-was-fought, but
fought with them, by Caius Marius and Quintus Catulus, but
from of-Catulus part more-happily ; for that in-battle,
with greater success on the part of the latter; for in that battle, in
which together both carried, hundred forty thousands
which they both commanded, a hundred and forty thousand were
either in fight or in flight were-cut, and sixty thousands
either slain in the field or in the pursuit, and sixty thousand taken
taken. Roman soldiers from both army three-hundred
prisoners. Of the Roman soldiers in the two armies three hun-
perished. Three and thirty signs to-the-Cimbri were-borne-away ;
dred fell. Thirty-three standards were taken from the Cimbri ;
from these army of-Marius two carried-back, of-Catulus army thirty
of these, the army of Marius took two, that of Catulus thir-
and one. That of-war end was: triumph to-both
ty-one. This was the end of the war : a triumph was decreed to
was-decreed*
both the consuls.
Sextus Julius Caesar and Lucius Marcius Philippus (being-)
In the consulate of Sextus Julius Caesar and Lucius Marcius
consuls, six-hundredth fiftieth ninth in-year from
Philippus, in the six hundred and fifty-ninth year from the build-
city put-together, when almost other all wars might-have-ceased, in
ing of the city, when almost all other wars had ceased, the
 EUTROPIUS. BOOR V. 65

Italy heaviest war the-Picentes, Marsi, Peligni-and

Picentes, Marsi, and Peligni, kindled a most dangerous war in
moved : who, when in-years numerous now to-people Roman they-
Italy : and, after having lived for many years in subjection to the
might-listen, then liberty to-themselves equal to-assert began.
Roman people, then began to assert their claim to equal liberty.
Pernicious very this war was. Publius Rutilius consul in that was-slain ;
This was a very fatal war. In it Publius Rutilius the consul fell;
Caepio, noble youth; and Porcius Calo, another consul. Leaders
Caepio, a noble youth ; and Porcius Cato, another consul. The
but against Romans to-Picentes and . to-
generals against the Romans on the part of the Picentes and
Marsi were Titus Vietius, Hierus Asinius, Titus Herennius,
Marsi were Titus Vietius, Hierus Asinius, Titus Herennius, and
Aulus Cluentius. From Romans well against them it-was-
Aulus Cluentius. The Romans fought against them successfully
fought by Caius Marius, who six-times consul
under the conduct of Caius Marius, who had been six times
had-been, and by Cnseus Pompey, mostly yet by
elected consul, also under Cnseus Pompey, but particularly under
Lucius Cornelius Sylla, who between other deeds excellent
Lucius Cornelius Sylla, who among other signal exploits so com-
so i Cluentius, of-enemies leader, with great
pletely routed Cluentius, the general of the enemy, with his nu-
forces poured-out, that from his-own nor one he-might-send-
merous forces, that he lost not so much as one man of his own
away. By-the-space-of-four-years, ' with heavy yet calamity, this
army. The war, however, was protracted for four years, with
war was-drawn : fifth at-length in-year end it-received through Lucius
great havoc ; at length in the fifth it was terminated by Lucius
Cornelius Sylla consul, when before in the-same war self
Cornelius Sylla, the consul, who had greatly-distinguished himself
many(-things) stoutly prtetor might-have-carried.
on many occasions when prator in the same war.
- In-year of-city put-together six-hundredth sixtieth
In the six hundred and sixty-second year of the building of
second first at-Rome war civil Caius Marius,
the city, Caius Marius, now the sixth time consul, kindled the
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK V.

six-times consul, gave ; for when Sylla consul against

first civil war in Rome ; for Sylla, the consul, being sent to con-
Alithridates about-to-carry war, who Asia and Achaia had-
duct the war against Mithridates, who had possessed himself of
seized-upon, might-be-sent, he-and army in Campania a-little-while
Asia and Achaia, and detaining his army for a little time
might-hold, that of-war social, of which we-have-spoken, which within
in Campania, in order to extinguish the remains of the Social war
Italy carried had-beeu, remains might-be-taken-away, Marius de-
above mentioned, which had been carried on in Italy, Marius was
sired, that self to war Mithridatic might-be-sent: which
ambitious to be appointed himself to the Mithridatic war. Sylla
by-thing Sylla disturbed with army to city came,
being incensed at this conduct marched to Rome with his army.
There against Marius and Sulpicius he-fought : first city Rome he-marched-
There he fought Marius and Sulpicius, having first entered the
into ; Sulpicius he-killed ; Marius put-to-flight ; and so consuls
city ; Sulpicius he slew; Marius he put to flight; and thus hav-
being-ordained into future year Cnaeus Octavius and Lucius
ing appointed Cnseus Octavius and Lucius Cornelius Cinna the
Cornelius Cinna, to Asia he-went-forth. Mithridates
consuls for the year ensuing, he set out for Asia. For Mithri-
for, who of-Pontus king was, and Armenia Minor and the-
dates, who was king of Pontus, and possessed Armenia Minor and
whole Pontic sea in circuit with Bosphorus was-holding, firstly
the entire coast of the Pontic sea with the Bosphorus, first at-
Nicomedes, friend of-people Roman, from-Bithynia wished to-drive-
tempted to expel Nicomedes, an ally of the Romans, from Bithy-
out; to-senate-and charged, war himself to-him on-account-of
nia ; sending word to the senate, that he was preparing to make
Injuries, which he-had-suffered, about-to-bring-upon.
^war upon him on account of the injuries which he had received.
From senate it-was-answered to-Mithridates, if that he-might-
Answer was returned by the senate to Mithridates, that if he did
do, because and self war from Romans might-suffer,
so, he himself should feel the weight of a war from the Romans.
By-which thing angry, Cappadocia immediately he-seized-upon,
Incensed at this reply, he immediately seized upon Cappadocia,
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK V. 67
and from that Ariobarzanes, king and friend of-
and expelled from thence Ariobarzanes, the king and an ally of
people Roman, put-to-flight. Presently also Bithynia he-went-against and
the Roman people. He next invaded Bithynia and
Paphlagonia, having-been-driven from that kings, friends of-people
Paphlagonia, and drove out the kings, Pylsemenes and Nico-
Roman, Pylaemenes and Nicomedes. Thence to
medes, who were also in alliance with the Romans. He next
Ephesus he-stretched, and through all Asia letters
marched to Ephesus, and sent circular letters into all parts of
sent, that wheresoever might-be-found citizens
Asia, with directions that wherever any Roman citizens should
Roman, one in-day they-might-be-slain.
be found, they should all be put to death in one day.
In-the-mean-time also Athens, city of-Achaia, by Aristo
In the mean time, Athens also, a city of Achaia, was delivered
Athenian to-Mithridates was-given-over. Had-sent for now
up to Mithridates by Ariston an Athenian. For Mithridates had
to Achaia Mithridates Archelaus, leader his-own, with hundred
already sent Archelaus, his general, into Achaia, with a hundred
twenty thousands of-horsemen and of-foot-soldiers, through whom also
and twenty thousand horse and foot, by whom the rest of
rest-of Greece was-seized-upon. Sylla Archelaus at Piraeus not far
Greece was also subdued. Sylla besieged Archelaus at Piraeus
from Athens sat-against, self-and city took. Afterwards having-
near Athens, and took the city itself. A battle, being
been-put-together battle against Archelaus, so him he-conquered,
afterwards fought with Archelaus, he so entirely defeated him,
that from hundred twenty thousands scarcely ten
that out of a hundred and twenty thousand, scarce ten remained
might-be-over to-Archelaus, and from of-Sylla army fourteen only
of the army of Archelaus ; and of that of Sylla only
men might-be-killed. This with-fight Mithridates known
fourteen were slain. Mithridates, on receiving intelligence of
seventy thousands most-chosen from Asia to-Archelaus
this battle, sent seventy thousand chosen troops out of Asia to
sent, against whom Sylla again put-together.
Archelaus, with whom Sylla again came to an engagement.
 68 EUTROPIUS. BOOK V.

First in-battle twenty thousands of-enemies were-killed,

In the first battle twenty thousand of the enemy were slain,
ion-and of-Archelaas Diogenes : in-second
and also Diogenes, the son of Archelaus : in the second the
all of-Mithridates forces were-extinguished ; Archelaus self by-the-
entire forces of Mithridates were cut off. Archelaus himself lay
space-of-three-days naked in marshes lay-hid. This thing having-been-
hid for three days naked in the marshes. On the news of
known, Mithridates with Sylla of peace to-act began.
this, Mithridates began to treat with Sylla concerning peace.
In-the-mean-time that in-time Sylla also the-Dardanian-s,
In the mean time about this period Sylla also reduced part
the-Scordisci, the-Dalmatians, and the-Mcesi partly conquered, others
of the Dardanians, Scordisci, Dalmatians, and Moesi, and
into faith received. But when deputies
granted terms of alliance to the rest. But when ambassadors
from king Mithridates, who peace were-seeking, might-bave-cotne,
arrived from the king Mithridates to treat about peace,
not otherwise himself about-to-give Sylla to-be answered, unless
Sylla replied that he would grant it on no condition, unless
king, having-been-left these which he-had-seized-upon, to kingdom
he quitted the countries on which he had seized, and retired
his-own might-have-gone-back. Afterwards yet to a-talking-together
into his own dominions. Afterwards however the two coming
both came ; peace between them was-ordained, that
to a conference, peace was concluded between them ; in order
Sylla, to war civil hastening, from
that Sylla, who was in haste to proceed to the civil war, might
back danger not might-have ; for whilst Sylla in Achaia and
leave no danger in his rear; for while Sylla was victorious over
Asia Mithridates conquered, Marius, who had-been-put-to-
» Mithridates in Achaia and Asia, Marius, who had been compelled
flight, and Cornelius Cinna, one from consuls, war in
to fly, and Cornelius Cinna, one of the consuls, recommenced
Italy prepared-again ; and having-entered city Rome, most-noble
hostilities in Italy ; and entering Rome, put to death
from senate and consular men killed, many
the noblest of the senators and some of consular rank, proscribed
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK V. 69

.proscribed; self of-Sylla house having-been-overturned, sons and

many others, pulled down the house of Sylla himself, and forced
wife to flight they-drove-together ; all remaining senate
his sons and wife to seek safety by flight; all the rest of the senate
from city fleeing, to Sylla into Greece came, praying that to-
hastily quitting the city, fled to Sylla in Greece, entreating him to
country he-would-come-up. He into Italy crossed-over,
succour his country. He accordingly passed over into Italy,
war civil . about-to-carry against Norbanus and Scipio consuls,
to conduct the civil war against Norbanus and Scipio the consuls,
and first in-battle against Norbanus he-fought not far from
and in the first battle engaging with Norbanus not far from
Capua; then seven thousands of-him he-cut, six thou-
Capua, he slew seven thousand of his forces, and took six thou
sands he-took ; hundred twenty four of-his-own
sand prisoners ; with the loss of only a hundred and twenty-four
he-sent-away. Thence also himself to Scipio he-turned-about, and
of his own army. From thence he marched against Scipio, and
before battle whole of-him army without blood into
without a battle or any loss of lives made himself master of the
a-giving-up he-received,
whole army by surrender.
But when at-Rome having-bcen-changed consuls might-be, and
But on a change of . consuls at Rome, and the
Marks, of-Marius son, and Papirius Carbo consulate
election of Marius the son of Marius, and Papirius Carbo to
might-have-received, Sylla yet against Marius younger fought ;
the consulate, Sylla again fought with Marius the younger,
and, fifteen thousands of-him having-been-slain, four-hundred from
and slew fifteen thousand with the loss of
his-own he-lost. Presently also and city he-marched-
only four hundred. Immediately afterwards also he entered the
into. Marius, of-Marius son, (to-)PrEeneste having-pursued,
city. He then pursued Marius, the son of Marius, to Praeneste,
sat-against, and to death compelled,
and ' besieging him there, drove him even to self-destruction.
Again fight most-heavy he-had against Lamponius and
He again fought a most severe battle with Lamponius and
70 KUTROPIUS. BOOK V.

Carinas, leaders of-part Marian, to gate Colline.

Carinas, the leaders of the Marian faction, near the Colline gate.
Seventy nine thousands of-enenries in that battle against
The number of the enemy in that battle against Sylla is calculated
Sylla to-have-bcen are-said ; twelve thousands themselves to-Sylla
at seventy-nine thousand ; twelve thousand surrendered themselves
gare-up : the-rest in edge, in camp, in flight, that-cannot-
to Sylla : the rest were cut off in the field, in the camp, or in the
have-enough by-anger of-conquerors were-taken-oflT. Cnaeus
pursuit, by the insatiable resentment of the conquerors. Cneeus
also Carbo, consul the-other, from Ariminum to Sicily fled,
Carbo also, the other consul, fled from Ariminum into Sicily,
and there through Cnaeus Pompey was-killed : whom a-young-
and was there slain by Cneeus Pompey ; to whom, although
man Sylla, years one and twenty born, having-been-
but a young man, only one and twenty years of age, Sylla, per-
well-known his industry, having-been-given-over his to-armies
ceiving his activity, had committed the management of his
had-set-over, that second from Sylla
armies, in the command of which he stood second only to
he-might-be-had.
Sylla himself.
Having-been-slain therefore Carbo, Pompey Sicily re-took.
Carbo being thus slain, Pompey recovered Sicily.
Having-marched-over thence to Africa, Domitius, Marian
Crossing then over into Africa, he slew Domitius, a leader
of-part leader, and Hiarbas, king of-Mauritania, who to-Domitius
of the Marian faction, and Hiarbas the king of Mauritania,
help was-bearing, he-slew,
who assisted Domitius.
After these(-things) Sylla from Mithridates vast
After these events, Sylla celebrated a triumph with great pomp
with-glory triumphed. Cnaeus also Pompey, which
for his victory over Mithridates. Cneeus Pompey also, while
to-none of-Komans had-been-bestowed, fourth and twentieth
only in his twenty-fourth year, was allowed a triumph for his
year acting, from Africa triumphed. This
successes in Africa, a privilege unprecedented at Rome. Such
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK V. 71

end had two wars most-deadly, the-Italic,

was the termination of two most lamentable wars, the Italian,
which and social called, and civil : which both were-handled
also called the Social, and the Civil : which lasted for
through years ten ; took-off beyond hundred fifty
ten years ; and occasioned the destruction of more than a
thousands of-men, men consular twenty four,
hundred and fifty thousand men ; twenty-four of consular rank,
pratorian seven, asdilitian sixty, senators almost
seven of praetorian, sixty of sedilitian, and nearly three hundred
three-hundred,
senators.
72 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

BOOK SIXTH.

THE SIXTH BOOK.

Marcus jEmilius Lepidus, Quintus Catulua (being-)con-

In the consulate of Marcus iEmilius Lepidus and Quintus Ca-
suls, when Sylla republic might-have-put-together, wars
tulus, when Sylla had composed the troubles of the state, new
new flamed-out, one in Spain, another in Pamphilia and Cilicia,
wars broke out ; one in Spain, another in Pamphilia and Cilicia,
third in Macedonia, fourth in Dalmatia : for Sertorius, who
a third in Macedonia, a fourth in Dalmatia : for Sertorius, who
of- parts belonging-to-Marius had-been, fearing fortune of-the-
had belonged to the party of Marius, dreading the fate of the
rest, who had-been-killed, to war moved-together the-Spains.
rest, who had been all cut off, excited the Spaniards to a war.
Were-sent against him leaders Quintus Caecilius
The generals who were sent against him were Quintus Ceecilius
Metellus, son of-him, who Jugurtha king conquered,
Metellus, the son of that Metellus, who had subdued Jugurtha,
and Lucius Domitius praetor. By of-Sertorius leader Hirtu-
and Lucius Domitius the preetor. Domitius was slain by Hirtu-
leius Domitius was-slain. Metellus various with-success
leius the general of Sertorius. Metellus contended against
against Sertorius fought. Afterwards, when unequal
Sertorius with various success. Afterwards, Metellus singly
to-the-fight alone Metellus might-be-thought, Cnaeus Pompey to
being considered unequal to the war, Cneeus Pompey was
the-Spains was-sent. Thus, two with-leaders adverse,
sent into Spain. Thus, two generals being opposed to him,
 KUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

Sertorius with-fortune various often fought. Eighth at-

the success of Sertorius was very uncertain. At length, in the
length in-year by his-own he-was-slain, and end
eighth year of the war, lie was slain by his own soldiers, and an
that to-war given through Cnaeus Pompey young-man
end put to the war by Cneeus Pompey, at that time but a young
and Quintus Metellus Pius ; and all almost the-Spairja
man, and Quintus Metellus Pius; and nearly the whole of Spain
into power of-people Roman were-driven-back.
was brought into subjection to the Roman people.
To Macedonia was-sent Appius Claudius after
Appius Claudius, on the expiration of his consulate, was sent into
consulate. Light battles he-had against various nations
Macedonia. He had some skirmishes with different nations
which Rhodopa province were-inhabiting ; and there by-disease
that inhabited the province of Rhodopa ; and there fell ill and
died. Sent to-him successor Cnaeus Scribonius Curio
died. Cneeus Scribonius Curio, on the expiration of his consulate,
after consulate. He Dardanians conquered ; and
was sent to succeed him. He conquered the Dardanians, pene-
as-far-as to the-Danube penetrated ; triumph-and deserved ;
trated as far as the Danube, obtained the honor of a triumph,
and within the-space-of-three-years end to-war gave.
and put an end to the war within three years.
To Cilicia and Pamphilia was-sent Publius
Publius Servilius, an enterprising man, was sent after his
Servilius from consul, man brave. He Cilicia drove-under ;
consulate into Cilicia and Pamphilia. He reduced Cilicia ;
of-Lycia cities most-clear fought-against and took, in these
besieged and took the most celebrated cities of Lycia; amongst
Phaselis, Olympus, Coricus of-Cilicia. The-Isauri also
them Phaselis, Olympus, and Coricus of Cilicia. The Isauri also
having-marched-to, into a-giving-up he-drove-back, and within
he attacked, and compelled to surrender, and within
the-space-of-three-years to-war end gave. First all of-
three years put an end to the war. He was the first of
Romans in Taurus journey he-made. Returning
the Romans that marched beyond Taurus. On his return
k
74 BUTEOPIUS. BOOK VI.

triumph he-received, and name of-Isauricus

he received a triumph, and acquired the appellation of
deserved.
Isauricus.
To Illyricum was-sent Cnaeus Cosconius proconsul.
CnaEUs Cosconius the proconsul was sent into Illyricum.
Much part of-Dalmatia he-drove -under ; Salons he-took; and,
He reduced a great part of Dalmatia; took Salonse; and,
having-been-set-together war, (to-)Rome after fhe-space-of-two-years
having quelled the war, returned to Rome after an absence of
he-wcnt-back.
two years.
The-same in-times consul Marcus ^milius Lepidus,
About the same time Marcus jEmilius Lepidus, the consul, and
of-Catulus colleague, war civil wished to-move-together; with-
colleague of Catulus, attempted to kindle a civil war; but
in yet one summer motion of-him was-pressed-down. So one
in one summer that commotion was suppressed. Thus there
in-time many together triumphs were, of-Metellus from
were several triumphs at the same period, that of Metellus for
Spain, of-Pompey second from Spain, of-Curio from
Spain, a second for Spain obtained by Pompey, one of Curio for
Macedonia, of-Servilius from Isauria.
Macedonia, and of Servilius for Isauria.
In-year of-city put-together six-hundredth seventieth
In the six hundred and seventy-sixth year from the building of
sixth, with-Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Marcus Aurelius Cotta
the city, Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Marcus Aurelius Cotta
consuls, died Nicomedes, king of-Bithynia, and
being consuls, Nicomedes, the king of Bithynia, died, and
through will people Roman made heir,
by will appointed the Roman people his heir.
Mithridates, peace having-been-broken, Bithynia and Asia
Mithridates, having violated the peace, again attempted to
again wished to-go-against. Against him both consuls
invade Bithynia and Asia. Both the consuls being sent out '
sent various had fortune. Cotta at Chalcedon
against him, met with various success. Cotta being defeated by
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI. 75

conquered by him in-edge, also within town

him in a battle near Chalcedon, was even obliged to take shelter
was-driven-together and besieged. But when himself thence
within the town and to stand a siege. But Mithridates having
Mithridates (to-)Cyzicum had-carried-over, that, Cyzicum having-been-
marched from thence to Cyzicum, that, by the capture of that
taken, whole Asia he-might-go-against, Lucullus to-him the-other consul ran-
city, he might overrun all Asia, Lucullus the other consul met
against, and whilst Mithridates in siege of-Cyzicum might-be-de-
him, and whilst Mithridates was occupied in the siege of Cy-
laying, self from back sat-about, with-hunger-and outspent, and
zicurn, besieged him in the rear, wearied him out with famine, and
many in-battles conquered : lastly (to-)Byzantium, which
defeated him in several battles ; at last he pursued him to By-
now Constantinople is, he-put-to-night. Naval also in-battle
zantium, now called Constantinople. Lucullus also vanquished
leaders of-him Lucullus pressed-down. Thus one in-winter and
his generals in a sea-fight. ' Thus in a single winter and
in-summer by Lucullus to hundred almost thousands of-men from
summer, almost a hundred thousand men, on the king's side,
part of-king were-extinguished.
were cut off by Lucullus.
In-year of-city of-Rome six-hundredth seventieth eighth
In the six hundred and seventy-eighth year of the city, Marcus
Macedonia province Marcus Licinius Lucullus
Licinius Lucullus, the cousin of that Lucullus, who had con-
received, cousin of-Lucullus, who against Mithridates war
ducted the war against Mithridates, obtained the province of
was-carrying : and in Italy new war suddenly was-moved-together. Eighty
Macedonia: and a new war suddenly sprung up in Italy. For
for and four gladiators, with-leaders Spartacus, Chrysus, and CEno-
eighty-four gladiators, led by Spartacus, Chrysus, and CEno-
maus, having-been-broken-open at-Capua the-place-for-games, fled-
maus, having broken open the theatre at Capua, made their
away ; and, through Italy wandering, almost not lighter war
escape ; and wandering over Italy, kindled a war there, almost
in it, than Annibal had-moved, prepared : for many leaders
as serious as that which Annibal had raised : for several generals
 76 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

and two together of-Romans consult having-been-

and two consuls of the Romans being defeated by them at the
conquered, sixty almost of-thousands of-armed(-men) army they-collected-
same time, they collected an army of nearly sixty thousand
together; conquered-and are in Apulia by Marcus Licinius Crassus
men ; but were defeated in Apulia by Marcus Licinius Crassus
proconsul ; and after many calamities of-Italy, third in-year
the proconsul ; and after much trouble to Italy, in the third
to-war this end Is-put-on.
year this war was terminated.
Six-hundredth eightieth first of-city put-together in-year, with-Publins
In the six hundred and eighty-first year of the city, Publius
Cornelius Lentulus and Cnaeus Aufidius Orestes consuls,
Cornelius Lentulus and Casus Aufidius Orestes being consuls,
two only heavy wars in empire Roman
there were but two wars of any importance throughout the Roman
were, Mithridatic and Macedonian : these the-two the-
empire, the Mithridatic and the Macedonian : of these the two
Luculli were-acting, Lucius Lucullus and Marcus Lucullus.
Luculli, Lucius Lucullus and Marcus Lucullus, had the direction.
Lucius therefore Lucullus after fight belonging-to-Cyzicum, in-which
Lucius Lucullus therefore, after the battle of Cyzicum, in which
he-had-conquered Mithridates, and naval, in-which leaders
he had conquered Mithridates, and the sea-fight, in which he had
of-him he-had-pressed-down, pursued him ; and, having-been-taken-again
overpowered his generals, pursued him ; and, recovering
Paphlagonia and Bithynia, also kingdom of-him he-went-against.
Paphlagonia and Bithynia, entered his very kingdom. He took
Sinope and Amisus, cities of-Pontus most-noble, he-took.
Sinope and Amisus, two of the most noble cities of Pontus. In
Second in-battle, at Cabira city, whither vast forces
a second battle, near the city Cabira, where Mithridates had
from all kingdom had-Ied-to Mithridates, . when
assembled a numerous army from all parts of his kingdom, thirty
thirty thousands most-chosen of-king by five of-Romans
thousand of the king's chosen troops having been cut in pieces by
thousands might-have-been-wasted, Mithridates put-to-flight, and
five thousand of the Romans, Mithridates was put to flight, and
 ELTROPIUS. BOOK VI. 7?

camp of-him tora-asunder. Armenia also Less, which he-had-

his camp plundered. Armenia Minor also, of which he had pos-
held, to-the-same was-taken-away. Haring-been-taken-up yet is Mithri-
session, was wrested from him. Mithridates however was re-
dates after flight by Tigranes, of-Armenia king, who
ceived after his flight by Tigranes, the king of Armenia, who
then vast with-glory was-ruling. Persians often he
at that time reigned with great glory. He had frequently defeated
had-conquered ; Mesopotamia he-had- seized-upon, and Syria,
the Persians, had made himself master of Mesopotamia, Syria,
and of-Phcenicia part. Therefore Lucullus, seeking-again enemy
and part of Phoenicia. Lucullus therefore, still pursuing his
put-to-flight, also kingdom of-Tigranes, who to-the-Armenians
routed enemy, entered even the kingdom of Tigranes, who ruled
was-ruling, he-marched-into. Tigranocerta, city of-Armenia
over both the Armenias. Tigranocerta, a most noble city of Ar-
most-noble, he-took ; self king, with six-hundred
menia, he succeeded in taking; the king himself advancing with
thousands of-archers and of-armed(-men) coming, eighteen thousands
six hundred thousand archers and other troops, he so completely
of-soldiers having, so he-conquered, that great
defeated with a force of only eighteen thousand, that he annihilated
part of-the-Annenians he-may-have-blotted-out. Thence (to-)Nisibis having-
a great part of the Armenians. Marching from thence
gone-forth, that also city with of-king brother he-took,
to Nisibis, he took that city also, together with the king's brother.
But these, whom in Pontus Lucullus had-left with of-army
But those, whom Lucullus had left in Pontus with part of the
part, that regions conquered also Romans they-might-
army, in order to defend the conquered countries, and the
defend, negligently themselves and greedily acting,
Romans, conducting themselves with remissness and avarice,
occasion again to-Mithridates into Pontus of-
gave an opportunity to Mithridates of again making an irrup-
breaking-in gave, and so war was-renewed. To-Lu-
tion into Pontus, and thus the war was renewed. While Lu
cullus preparing, having-been-taken Nisibis, against
cullus was preparing, after the reduction of Nisibis, to make
78 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

the-Persians expedition, successor was-

an expedition against the Persians, he was superseded in the
sent,
command.
The-other Lucullus, who Macedonia was-
The other Lucullus, who had the management of affairs in
managing, to-the-Bessi of-Romans first brought- in
Macedonia, was the first of the Romans that ever made war upon
war, and them vast in-battle in Aimm mountain over-
the Bessi, and defeated them in a considerable battle on mount
came ; town Uscudama, which the-Bessi were-in-
jEmus; reduced the town of Uscudama, which the Bessi in
habiting, same in-day, in-which he-marched-to, he-conquered ; Cabyle he-
habited, on the same day in which he invested it ; took Ga-
took ; as-far-as to the-Danube he-penetrated/ Thence
byle ; and penetrated as far as to the river Danube. He then
many above Pontus placed cities he-marched-to. There Apollonia
attacked several cities bordering on Pontus. There he razed
he-overturned, Calatis, Parthenopolis, Tomi, Ister ; Byzia all he-took ;
Apollonia, Calatis, Parthenopolis, Tomi, Ister ; took all Byzia ;
with-war-and quite-done, (to-)Rome he-went-back. Both
and, having put an end to the war, returned to Rome. Both
yet triumphed, Lucullus, who against Mithridates had-
however triumphed, but Lucullus, who had fought against Mithri-
fought, greater with-glory, when so-great of-kingdoms conqueror
dates, with greater glory, because he returned victorious over
he-might-have-gone-back,
such powerful nations.
Having-been-quite-done war the-Macedonian, remaining
The Macedonian war being finished, but that with Mithri-
the-Mithridatic, which, going-back Lucullus, king
dates still continuing, which, on the departure of Lucullus, he
having-been-gathered-together helps had-prepared-again, war
had renewed, collecting all his forces for that purpose, the
Cretic arose ; to that sent Cxcilius Metellus, vast in.
Cretic war arose ; to this Cgecilius Metellus was sent, who made
battles within the-space-of-three-years all
himself master of the whole province within three years by con
 EUTROP1US. BOOK VI. 79
province he-took ; having-been-addressed-and he-is Creticus, and
siderable battles, and received the appellation of Creticus, and a
from island triumphed. Which in-time Libya also
triumph on account of the island. About this time Libya also,
Roman to-empire through will of-Apion, who king of-it
by the will of Apion, the king of the country, was appended to
bad-been, came-to, in which famous cities were, Berenice,
the Roman empire; in it were the celebrated cities, Berenice,
Ptolemais, and Cyrene.
Ptolemais, and Cyrene.
Whilst these(-tbings) are-carried, pirates all seas were-infesting, so
During these transactions, pirates infested all the seas, so
that navigation to-Romans, whole in-globe to-conquerors, alone
that navigation was alone unsafe to the Romans, who were now
safe now might-be. Wherefore that war to-Cnaeus Pom-
conquerors of the world. This war therefore was assigned to
pey was-decreed, which within few months vast with-felicity
Cneeus Pompey, who with surprising success and celerity finished
and quickness he-accomplished. Presently to-him brought-down
it in the course of a few months. The war also against Mithri-
war also against king Mithridates and Tigranes; which having-
dates and Tigranes was soon after entrusted to him ; in the con-
been-undertaken, Mithridates in Armenia the-Less nightly
duct of which, he overcame Mithridates in Armenia Minor in a
in-battle he-conquered, camp tore-asunder, forty thousands of-him
battle by night, plundered his camp, and killed forty thousand
having-been-slain ; twenty only from army his-own he-lost,
of his men; with the loss of twenty only of his own army,
and two centurions. Mithridates with wife fled, two with-
and two centurions. Mithridates fled with his wife and two
companions; nor much afterwards, when into his-own he-might-
attendants ; and not long after, in consequence of his tyranny
rage, of-Pharnaces, of-son his-own, by-sedition
over his own family, through a sedition excited among his soldiers
at soldiers to death
by his son Pharnaces, he was reduced to the necessity of putting
forced, poison he-drew-up. This end had Mithri-
an end to his existence by poison. Such was the end of Mithri
 80 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

dates ; perished but at the-Bosphorus, man vast of-acti-

dates, a man of singular activity and abilities; his death happened
vity of-counsel-and. He-reigned years sixty ; he-lived seventy-two ;
at the Bosphorus. He reigned sixty years, lived seventy-two,
against the-Roroans war he-had years forty,
and sustained a war against the Romans for forty years.
To-Tigranes from-thence Pompey war brought-in : he-himself to-
Pompey next made war upon Tigranes, who surrendered
him gave-up ; into camp of-Pompey sixth tenth by-mile from
himself to him, coming to his camp at sixteen miles distance
Artaxata he-came; and diadem Ms-own when he-might-have-fallen-forward
from Artaxata; and throwing himself at Pompey 's feet, deli -
to knees of-Pompey, in hands of-him he-placed, which to-him Pompey
vered up his diadem into his hands, which Pompey returned
placed-back; honorably-and him had, of-kingdom yet
to him, and treated him with great consideration, but mulcted
in-part " he-fined and great in-money: was
hing in part of his dominions and a large sum of money : Syria,
taken-away to-him Syria, Phoenice, Sophene ; six thousands besides
Phoenicia, and Sophene were taken from him ; with six thousand
of-talents of-silver, which to-people Roman he-might-give, be-
talents of silver, which he was to pay to the Roman people, be
cause war without cause to-Romans he-might-have-stirred-up.
cause he had raised a war against them without cause.
Pompey presently also to-the-Albans war brought-against, and,
Pompey soon after made war also upon the Albans, and
of-them king, Orodes thrice conquered; lastly, ' through letters
thrice conquered their king Orodes; at length, being prevailed
and gifts asked, pardon to-him and peace gave.
upon by letters and presents, he granted him a pardon and peace.
Of-Iberia also king, Arthaces he-conquered in-edge, and into
He also defeated Arthaces, king of Iberia, in battle, and re-
a-giving-up received. Armenia the-Less to-Deiotarus, of-Galatia
duced him to surrender. Armenia Minor he conferred upon Deio-
to-the-king, he-presented, because companion of-war belonging-to-
tarus, the king of Galatia, because he had acted as his ally in
Mithridates he-had-been. To-Attalus and to-Philaemenes Paphla-
the war with Mithridates. To Attalus and Philaemenes he re-
 KUTROPIUS. BOOK VI. 81
gonia he-gave-back ; Aristarchus to-the-Colchians king he-put-
stored Paphlagonia ; and appointed Aristarchus king of the Col-
upon. Presently the-Itureans and Arabians hc-conqaered ;
chians. Shortly after he subdued the Itureans and Arabians;
and when he-might-have-come into Syria, Seleucia, neighbouring to-Antioch city,
and arriving in Syria, presented Seleucia, a city near Antioch,
with-freedom he-presented, for-that because king Tigranes not it-might-have -
with its freedom, because it had not entertained king Ti-
received. To-the-Antiochians hostages he-gave-back.
granes. To the inhabitants of Antioch he restored their hostages.
Somewhat of-fields to-the-Daphnenses he-gave, that grove
On those of Daphne he bestowed a portion of land, in order that
there more-extensive might-be-made, delighted with-the-pleasantness of-place
their grove might be enlarged, being charmed with the beauty of
and of-waters with-abundance. Thence to Judea having-gone-over,
the spot and the plenty of water. Marching from thence to Judea,
Jerusalem, head of-nation, third in-month he-took; twelve
he took Jerusalem, the capital, in the third month; twelve
thousands of-Jews having-been-killed ; > others into faith
thousand ' of the Jews being slain, and the rest received
having-been -received. These(-things) having-been-carried, into
on terms of submission. After these achievements/ he
Asia himself he-took-back, and end most-antient to-war
marched back into Asia, and put an end to this most tedious
gave.
war.
Marcus Tullius Cicero, Caius Antonius (being-)consuls.
In the consulate of Marcus Tullius Cicero and Caius Antonius,
in-year from city put-together six-hundredth eightieth
in the six hundred and eighty-ninth year from the building of the
ninth, Lucius Sergius Catiline, most-noble of-kind man but of-
city, Lucius Sergius Catiline, a man of very noble family, but of
disposition most-depraved, to to-be-blotted-out country swore-together, with
a most depraved mind, conspired to destroy his country, in con-
some bright indeed - hut bold - men. By
junction with some other illustrious but desperate characters. He
Cicero from-city he-was-driven-out ; companions of-him seized , M
was expelled the city by Cicero; his accomplices being taken were
8-2 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.
prison were-strangled ; by Antonius, the-other consul, Catiline himself
strangled in prison ; Catiline him -elf was defeated in battle and
in battle was-conqueted and killed,
slain by Antonius, the other consul.
Six-hundredth ninetieth in-year from city put-
In the six hundred and ninetieth year from the building of the
together, Decius Junius Silanus and Lucius Muraena (being-)
city, in the consulate of Decius Junius Silanus and Lucius
consuls, Metellus from Crete triumphed; Pompey
Mureena, Metellus triumphed on account of Crete, Pompey for
from war Piratic and JVIithridatic. No ever of-triumph
the Piratic and Mithridatic wars. Never was any triumph cele-
pomp like was ; were-led before of-him chariot
brated with pomp equal to this; the sons of Mithridates and
son of-Mithridates, son of-Tigranes, Aristobulus, king
Tigranes, and Aristobulus, king of the Jews, were led before
of-Jews; bome-before vast money, of-gold and of-silver endless
his car ; a vast sum of money, and an immense mass of gold and
weight. This in-time no through globe of-earths
silver preceded. At this time there was no war of any importance
heavy war was.
throughout the world.
In-year of-city put-together six-hundredth ninetieth
In the six hundred and ninety-third year from the founding of
third, Cains Julius Ccesar, who afterwards ruled, with
the city, Caius Julius Ctesar, who was afterwards emperor, was
Lucius Bibulus consul was-made ; decreed to-him Gaul and
made consul with Lucius Bibulus ; and Gaul and Illyricum were
Illyricum with legions ten. He firstly conquered the-Helvetii,
decreed to him with ten legions. He first subdued the Helvetii,
who now Sequani are-addressed ; from-thence, in-conquering through
who are now called the Sequani ; and afterwards by his conquests
wars heaviest, as-far-as to ocean British went-forth.
in very severe wars, proceeded as far as the British ocean.
He-tamed but in-years almost .nine all Gaul, which
In about, nine years he reduced all that part of Gaul, which
between Alps, river Rhone, Rhine, and Ocean
lies between the Alps, the river Rhone, the Rhine, and the
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI. 83

is, and in-the-going-about lies-open to twice thirty-times hundred thou-

Ocean, and extends in circumference nearly six thou
sands of-paces. To-Britons presently war he-brought-against, to-
sand miles. He next made war upon the Britons, who
whom before him not name indeed of-Romans
were not even acquainted with the name of the Romans
known was ; and them also conquered, hostages
before his time; and having subdued them, and re-
having-been-received, tributary he-made. To-Gaul but
ceived hostages, rendered them tributary. Under the head
of-tribute in-name yearly he-commanded a-thousand-sesterces
of tribute he imposed on Gaul the yearly sum of four hundred
four-hundred-times; Gennans-and across the-Rhine
thousand sesterces ; and having invaded the Germans on the other
having-marched-to, most-savage in-battles
side of the Rhine, conquered them in several most sanguinary
he-conquered. Between so-many successes thrice badly he-
engagements. Among so many successes, he met with three
fought, at the-Arverni once present, and absent in
defeats, once in person among the Arverni, and twice in Ger-
Germany twice, for, deputies of-him two, Titurius and
many during his absence ; for his two lieutenants, Titurius and
Aurunculeius, through snares were-cut.
Aurunculeius, fell in an ambuscade.
About tbe-same times, in-year of-city put-together six-
About the same time, in the six hundred and ninety-
hundredth ninetieth seventh, Marcus Licinius
seventh year from the foundation of the city, Marcus Licinius
Crassus, colleague of-Cnams Pompey the-Great in consulate
Crassus, the colleague of Cnteus Pompey the Great in his second
second, against Parthians was-sent ; and when about
consulate, was sent against the Parthians ; and having ventured
Came against omens and auspices he-might-have-
on an engagement near Came, contrary to the omens and the
fought, by Surena, of-Orodes king leader, conquered,
auspices, was defeated by Surena, the general of king Orodes,
to the-last he-was-killed, with son, brightest and
and at last slain, together with his son, a most illustrious
84 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

most-excellent youth. The-remains of-army through Caius

and excellent young man. The remains of the army were pre-
Cassius the-quaestor were-preserved, who singular with-mind
served by Caius Cassius the qusestor, who with singular cou-
lost things so-great with-virtue settled-again,
rage so effectually retrieved the ruined fortune of the Romans,
that the-Persians going-back over the-Euphrates, frequent
that, in his retreat over the Euphrates, he conquered the
in-battles he-might-conquer.
Persians in several battles.
Hence now war civil succeeded, to-be-cursed and
Immediately upon this succeeded a civil war, truly execrable
to-be-wept-for, in-which, besides calamities which in-battles
and deplorable, in which, besides the calamities incidental to
fell-out, also Roman of-name fortune was-changed.
battles, the good fortune of the Roman nation deserted it.
Caesar for going-back from Gaul conqueror, began to-
For Caesar, on his return from Gaul, as a conqueror, began to
demand another consulate, and, when without doubtfulness some
demand another consulate ; which would have been granted him
it-might-be-conveyed, it-was-spoken-against by Marcellus consul, by Bibulus,
without hesitation, had not Marcellus the consul, Bibulus,
by Pompey, by Cato; commanded-and, having-been-
Pompey, and Cato opposed him; in consequence of which he
sent-away armies, to city to-go-back : on-account-of
was ordered to disband the army and return to Rome : in revenge
which injustice from Ariminum, where soldiers assembled-together
for which insult, he marched with his army from Ariminum,
he-was-having, against country with army he-came.
where his forces were assembled, against his country. The
. Consuls with Pompey, senate-and all, and the-whole
consuls, together with Pompey, the whole senate, and all the
nobility from city fled, and into Greece went-over ; at
nobility, fled from the city, and crossed over into Greece ; and in
Epirus, Macedonia, Achaia, Pompey (being-)leader,
Epirus, Macedonia, and Achaia, under Pompey as their general,
against Cssar war prepared.
prepared war against Caesar. - '
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI. 85
Caesar, empty city having-marched-into, , dictator
Caesar, having marched into the deserted city, appointed him-
himself made. Thence the-Spains he-sought. There of-Pompey
self dictator; and then set out for Spain. There he defeated
armies strongest and bravest,
the armies of Pompey, which were very powerful and brave,
with three leaders, Lucius Afranius, Marcus Petreius,
with their three generals, Lucius Afranius, Marcus Petreius,
Marcus Varro, he-overcame. Thence having-returned, into Greece
and Marcus Varro. In his route back from thence he passed
-» he-went-over. Against Pompey he-fought; first in^battle
over into Greece. ' He fought against Pompey, but in the first
he-was-conquered and put-to-flight, he-went-away yet, because,
battle was defeated and put to flight ; he escaped, however, from
in-night coming-between, Pompey to-follow did-not-
Pompey's unwillingness to pursue him when the night was coming
wish ; said-and Caesar, nor Pompey to-know
on ; on which Caesar remarked, that Pompey knew not how to
to-conquer, and that only in-day himself to-have-been-able to-be-
conquer, and that he himself could have been vanquished on that
overcome. From-thence in Thessaly at Palaeopharsalus,
day alone. They next fought at Palaeopharsalus in Thessaly,
having-been-led-forth on-both-sides vast forces, they-fought. Of-Pompey
leading immense forces into the field on both sides. The army
edge had - forty thousands of-foot-soldiers, of-horsemen in left
of Pompey consisted of forty thousand foot, seven thousand horse
horn seven thousands, in right five-hundred, besides-that
on the left wing, five hundred on the right, besides the auxi-
whole of-East helps, whole-and nobility, without-number
liaries of the whole East, and all the nobility, senators without
senators, men-who-had-been-praetors, who-had-been-consuls, and who
number, men of prsetorian and consular dignity, and some who
great now of-peoples conquerors might-have-been. Caasar in edge
had already been vanquishers of powerful nations. Caesar had not
his-own had of-foot-soldiers not entire thirty thousands, horsemen
thirty thousand effective infantry in his army, and but one
a-thousand. Never hitherto Roman forces into one
thousand horse. Never hitherto had a greater number of Roman
80 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

nor greater, nor better with-leaders, had-come-together, whole

forces assembled in one place, nor under better generals, forces
of-earths globe easily about-to-subdue, if against
which would easily have subdued the whole world, had they
barbarians they-might-be-Ied. Having-been-fought yet it-is vast
been led against barbarians. They fought however with great
with-striving conquered-and to the-last Pompey, and tents of-him
eagerness, but Pompey was at last overcome, and his camp
were-torn-asunder. Self pnt-to-flight Alexandria
plundered. Pompey himself, being put to flight, took refuge
sought, that from king of-Egypt, to-whom guardian by senate
at Alexandria, with the hope of receiving aid from the king of
be-had-been-given on-account-of youthful of-him age, he-
Egypt, to whom, on account of his youth, he had been ap-
might-receive helps, who, fortune more than
pointed guardian by the senate; he however, regarding fortune
friendship having-followed, slew Pompey, head of-him and ring
rather than friendship, slew Pompey, and sent his head and
to-Casaar sent ; which from-sight Cassar also tears
ring to Csesar ; at sight of which even Caesar is said to
to-have-poured is-said, so-great of-man looking-on head and
have shed tears, as he viewed the head of so great a man, and
of-son-in-Iaw formerly his-own.
formerly his son-in-law.
Presently Caesar (to-)Alexandria came; to- self also
Csesar soon after went to Alexandria; against his life also
Ptolemaeus to-prepare wished snares; which from-cause to-king
Ptolemy attempted to form designs ; for which reason war was
war was-brought-against : conquered in Nile he-perished,
made upon him, and, being defeated, he perished in the Nile,
having-been-found-and is body of-him with coat-of-mail golden.
and his body was found covered with a golden coat of mail.
Csesar, Alexandria having-obtained, kingdom
Csesar, having made himself master of Alexandria, conferred the
to-Cleopatra gave, of-Ptolemy to-sister. Going-back
kingdom on Cleopatra, the sister of Ptolemy. Returning
thence, Caesar, Pharnaces, of-Mithridates the-Great son,
from thence, Caesar defeated in battle Pharnaces, the son of
 KUTROPIUS. BOOK VI. 87

who to-Pompey into help at Thessaly had-been,

the great Mithridates, who had assisted Pompey in Thessaly,
warring-again in Pontus and many of-people Roman
raised an insurrection in Pontus, and seized upon several pro-
provinces seizing-upon, conquered in-edge ; afterwards to death
vinces of the Roman people ; and at last drove him to self-
forced. Thence to-Rome having-marched-back, thirdly him-
destruction. Returning from thence to Rome, he created him
self consul he-made with Marcus J^milius Lepidus, who
self a third time consul with Marcus iEmilius Lepidus, who
to-him master of-horsemen to-dictator before year had-been.
had been his master of the horse when dictator the year before.
Thence into Africa he-went-forth, where endless
From thence he went into Africa, where a great number of
nobility with Juha, of-Mauritania king,
the nobility, in conjunction with Juba, the king of Mauritania,
war had-prepared-again. Leaders but Roman were Publius Cor-
had renewed the war. The Roman generals were Publius Cor
nelius Scipio, from race most-antient of-Scipio
nelius Scipio, descended from the most antient family of Scipio
Africanus, (this also father-in-law the-Great of-Pompey
Africanus, (who had also been the father-in-law of the great
had-been,) Marcus Petreius, Quintus Varus, Marcus Porcius Cato,
Pompey,) Marcus Petreius, Quintus Varus, Marcus Porcius Cato,
Lucius Cornelius Faustus, of-Sylla dictator son.
and Lucius Cornelius Faustus, the son of Sylla, the dictator.
Against these having-been-joined-together battle, after many fightings
In a battle fought against them, after many skirmishes
conqueror he-was. Cato, Scipio, Petreius, Juba, selves them-
Ceesar was victorious. Cato, Scipio, Petreius, Juba, slew them
selves slew ; Faustus, of-Pompey son-in-law, by Ceesar was-killed.
selves ; Faustus, Pompey's son-in-law, was slain by Ceesar.
After year Ctesar, (to-)Rome having-marched-back, fourthly
On his return to Rome, a year after, Ceesar created himself a
himself consul made, and immediately to the-Spain went-forth, where
fourth time consul, and immediately proceeded to Spain, where
of-Pompey sons, Cnseus and Seztus, vast war had-
the sons of Pompey, Cneeus and Sextus, had renewed an
prepared-again. Many battles were ; last battle at
alarming war. Many engagements ensued ; the last near the
88 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VI.

Munda city, in which to-that-degree Cfesar almost was-conquered, that,

city Munda, in which Caesar so nearly sustained a defeat, that
fleeing his-own, himself he-may-have-wished to-slay,
upon his forces giving way, he was on the point of killing himself,
lest, after so-great of-thing military glory, into power
lest, after having acquired such great glory in war, he should fall,
of-youths, born years six and fifty, he-might-come. Lastly
at the age of fifty-six, into the hands of youths. At length,
having-been-prepared-again his-own, he-conquered ; and of-Pompey
having rallied his troops, he conquered ; and the elder son
son greater was-slain, less fled. Thence Caesar, wars
of Pompey was slain, the younger fled. After this, the civil wars
civil whole in-globe having-been-set-together, to-Rome he-
throughout the world being terminated, Ceesar, on his return
went-back : to-act more-unusually he-began, and against
to Rome, began to conduct himself with greater arrogance,
custom ." : Roman of-liberty.
and to make encroachments on the freedom of the Romans.
When therefore and honors from bis-own will he-might-set-forth,
As he disposed therefore at his own pleasure of those honors,
which by people before-that were-conveyed, nor to-
which before were conferred by the people, and did not
senate to himself coming he-might-rise-up, other-(things-)
even rise up when the senate approached him, and in other
and kingly and almost tyrannical he-might-do, it-was-sworn-
respects acted as a king or rather as a tyrant, a conspiracy
together against him by sixty or more senators horsemen-and
was formed against him by sixty or more senators and Roman
Roman. Foremost were among those-sworn-together two
knights. The chief among the conspirators were the two
the-Bruti, from that family of-Brutus who first at-Rome
Bruti, descended from that Brutus, who had been made first
consul was-made and kings had-driven-out, Caius Cassius,
consul of Rome and who had expelled the kings, Caius Cassius,
and Servilius Casca. Therefore Caesar, when of-senate on-day
and Servilius Casca. Ceesar therefore, having on a certain day
certain among the-rest he-might-have-come to court, three and twenty with-
come into the senate house with the rest, fell pierced with three
wounds was-dug-through.
and twenty wounds.
 BUTHOPIUS. BOOR VII. 89

BOOK SEVENTH.

THE SEVENTH BOOK.

In-year of-city seven-hundredth almost and ninth, having-

In about the seven hundred and ninth year of the city, upon
been-made-away-with Caesar, wars civil were-prepared-again ; to-strikers
the murder of Caesar, the civil wars were renewed ; for the
for of-Caesar senate was-favoring ; Antony consul,
senate favored the assassins of Caesar ;, but Antony, the consul,
of-parts of-Caesar, civil in-war to-press-down them was-
who was one of his adherents, endeavoured to crush them in a
endeavouring. Therefore disturbed in-republic,
civil war. The state therefore being thrown into confusion,
many Antony , crimes committing, by
and Antony perpetrating many acts of wickedness, he was
senate enemy was-judged. Sent to him to-pursue
declared an enemy by the senate. The two consuls, Pansa and
two consuls, Pansa and Hirtius, and Octavianus,
Hirtius, were sent in pursuit of him, together with Octavianus,
youth years eighteen born, of-Caesar nephew, whom he by-
a youth of eighteen years, the nephew of Caesar, whom by will
will heir had-left, and name his-own to-bear had-commanded ;
he had appointed his heir, with directions to bear his name ;
this is, who afterwards Augustus is having-been-said and of-
this is the same who was afterwards called Augustus and ob-
things having-become-possessor. Wherefore having-gone-forth against
tained the imperial dignity. These three generals therefore
Antony, three leaders conquered him. It-came-out yet, that
marching against Antony, defeated him. The two victorious
m
90 KUTROPIUS. BOOK VII.

conquerors consuls both might-die ; wherefore three armies

consuls however happened to die ; by which means three armies
one to-Caesar obeyed.
fell to the command of Caesar.
Put-to-flight Antony, having-been-sent-away army,
Antony, upon his defeat and the dispersion of his army,
fled to Lepidus, who to-Csesar master of-horsemen
fled for refuge to Lepidus, who had been master of the horse to
had-been, and then forces . of-soldiers great
Ceesar, and at that time was in possession of a strong body
was-having, by whom he-wastaken-up. Presently, Lepidus
of forces, by whom he was kindly received. By the mediation
labour giving, Caesar with Antony peace made ;
of Lepidus, Caesar shortly after made peace with Antony ;
and as-if about-to-revenge of-father his-own death, by whom
and under pretence of avenging his father's death, by whom
through will he-bad-been adopted, (to-)Rome with army he-went-forth,
he had been adopted by will, marched to Rorne with an army,
wrested-from-and, that to-himself twentieth in-year consulate
and forcibly procured his appointment to the consulate in his
might-be-given. Senate he-proscribed with Antony
twentieth year. In conjunction with Antony and Lepidus he
Lepidus, and republic with-arms to-hold
proscribed the senate, and began to make himself master of the
began. Through these also Cicero orator was-slain, many.
state by arms. Cicero the orator, and many others of the nobility,
and other noble.
fell victims to them.
In-the-meaa-time Brutus and Cassius, killers of-Caesar,
In the mean time Brutus and Cassius, the murderers of Ceesar,
vast war moved : were for through Macedonia and
raised an alarming war: for there were several armies in Ma-
the-East many armies, which they-seized-upon.
cedonia and the East, which they brought under their power.
Having-gone-forth therefore against them, Caesar Octavianus Augustus
Ceesar Octavianus Augustus therefore and Mark Antony pro-
and Mark Antony (had-staid-behind for to to-be-defended Italy
ceeding against them, for Lepidus had remained for the defence
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII. 91

Lepidus), at Philippi of-Macedonia city, against them fought.

of (Italy), came to an engagement at Philippi, a city of Macedonia.
First in-battle were conquered Antony and Caesar, perished yet
In the first battle Antony and Caesar were conquered, butCassius,
leader of-nobility, Cassias; in-second Brutus and
the leader of the nobility, fell ; in the second Brutus and very
endless nobility, which with them war had-carried : and
many of the nobility who had joined them in the war : and
so between them was-divided republic, that Augustus
the republic was thus divided among the conquerors; to Augustus
the-Spains, the-Gauls, Italy might-hold, Antony Asia,
was allotted the Spains, the Gauls and Italy, to Antony Asia,
Pontus, the-East. But within Italy Lucius Antonius
Pontus, and the East. But Lucius Antonius, the consul, the
consul war civil moved-together, brother of-him, who with
brother of the one who had fought with Caesar against Brutus
Cicsar against Brutus and Cassius had-fought: he at
and Cassius, kindled a civil war within Italy ; and being de-
Perusia, of-Tuscany city, having-been-conquered and taken i»,
feated near Perusia, a city of Tuscany, was taken prisoner,
nor cut-down,
but not slain.
In-the-mean-time by Sexlus Pompey, of-Cnaeus Pompey
In the mean time a war of a serious nature was excited in
the-Great son, vast war in, Sicily was-moved-together,
Sicily .by Sextus Pompey, the son of Cneeus Pompey the Great,
those, who had-been-over from parts of-Brutus of-Cassius-and,
to whom the remaining partisans of Brutus and Cassius
to bim flowing-together. Warred through Caasar Augustus
flocked from all parts. The war against Sextus Pompey was
Octavianus and Mark Antony against Sextus Fompeius.
carried on by Caesar Augustus Octavianus and Mark Antony.
Peace lastly came-together.
A peace was at length concluded.
That in-time Marcus Agrippa in Aquitania thing prosperously
About that time Marcus Agrippa met with signal success in
carried: and Lucius Ventidius Bassus, breaking-in into
Aquitania ; and also Lucius Ventidius Bassus defeated the Per-
92 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII.

Syria, the-Persians three in-battles eon-

sians, who were making incursions into Syria, in three engage-
quered. Pacorus, of-king Orodes son, he-kilted that self in-
ments. He slew Pacorus, the son of king Orodes, on that very
day, in-which once Orodes, of-Persians king, through
day, on which Orodes, the king of the Persians, had before
leader Surena, Crassus had-cut.down. This first
slain Crassus by the hands of his general Surena. He was
from Parthians most-just triumph at-
the first who obtained a most deserved triumph at Rome on ac-
Rome acted,
count of the Parthians.
In-the-mean-time Pompey peace broke, and, naval
In the mean time Pompey violated the peace, and, being
ill-battle conquered, fleeing to Asia, was. killed.
conquered in a sea-fight, fled to Asia, and was there slain.
Antony, who Asia and the-East was-holding, having-been-divorced
Antony, who possessed Asia and the East, having .divorced
sister of-Caesar Augustus Octavianus, Cleopatra,
the sister of Caesar Augustus Octavianus, married Cleopatra,
queen of-Egypt, led wife. Against Persians self also fought: first
queen of Egypt. He also fought against the Persians, and
them in-batlles he-conquered ; marching-back yet with-
defeated them in the first encounters ; but dn his returri'suffered
hunger and with-pestilence he-labored, and, when might-be-at-hand
greatly from hunger and pestilence ; and being pressed in his
the-Parthians to-(him-)fleeing, self for , conquered
retreat by the Parthians, was compelled to withdraw as a de-
went-back. He also vast war civil moved-together,
feated general. He also excited a civil war of some importance,
compelling wife Cleopatra, queen of-Egypt ; whilst
at the instigation of his wife Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt; who
by-desire womanish she-wishes also in city to-reign.
with a womanish ambition aspired to the empire of Rome.
He-was-conqucred by Augustus naval in-fight, bright and
He was defeated by Augustus in the famous and celebrated
shining, at Actium, which place in Epirus is ; from which he-fled
sea-fight near Actium, a place in Epirus; after which he fled
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII. 93

into Egypt, and, being-past-hope things, when all to Augus-

into Egypt, and, his affairs becoming desperate, and all deserting
tus might-go-over, self himself killed. Cleopatra to-herself an-asp
to Augustus, he slew himself. Cleopatra applied ,an asp to
let-to, hand with-poison of-it was-extinguished. Egypt through
her bosom, and perished by its venom. Egypt was added
Octavianus Augustus to-empire Roman was-cast-to, overseer-and
to the Roman empire by Octavianus Augustus, and Cnseus Cor-
of-it was-made Cnasus Cornelius Callus ; him first Egypt
nelius Gallus was appointed governor ; he was the first Roman
Roman judge had.
judge that Egypt had.
So with-ivars whole in-globe thoroughly-done,
Thus. a termination being put to wars throughout the world,
Octavianus Augustus (to-)Rome went-back twelfth in-year
Octavianus Augustus returned to Rome in the twelfth year after
after-that consul he-bad-been. From that republic through
he had been elected consul. From that period he held the go-
forty four years alone he-kept-hold-of ; before for twelve in-years
vernment for forty years alone; for he had held it for the
with Antony and Lepidus he-had-held.
twelve previous years in conjunction with Antony and Lepidus.
So from beginning of-principality of-him as-far-as to end, fifty , six
Thus from the beginning of his reign to the end, were fifty-
years were. He-went-through but eightieth sixth in-year by-death common,
six years. He died a natural death in his eighty-sixth year,
in town of-Campania Atella ; at-Rome , in plain
at. the town of Atella in Campania; his remains are. interred at
belonging-to-Mars ,he-is-buried ; man who not undeservedly ! from
Rome in the Campus Martius; a man who was considered not
greatest part to-god like was-thought, nor for
without reason in most respects to resemble a divinity, for scarcely
easily any than-that-(man) or in wars more-happy was, or
ever was there, any one more successful than him. in war, or
in peace more-moderate ; forty , four years, in-which
more moderate in peace ; for the forty-four years during which
alone he-carried empire, most-citizen-like
he held the government, alone, he conducted himself with the
94 EUTROP1US. BOOK VII.

be-hved, unto all most-liberal, into friends

greatest courtesy, being very liberal to all, and most constant to
most-faithful, whom so-great he-carried-out with-honors, that almost
his friends, whom he raised to such great honors, that he placed
be-might-equal to-height kis-own. No in-time
them almost on a level with his own elevation. At no period
before him thing Roman more flourished ; for, having-
before him was the Roman state more flourishing; for, with the
been-taken-oot civil wars, in which unconquered he-was, Romas
exception of the civil wars, in which he was invincible, he added
he-cast-to to-empire Egypt, Cantabria, Dalmatia, often before
to the Roman empire Egypt, Cantabria, Dalmatia, often before
conquered but thoroughly then driven-under, Pannonia, Aquitania, Illy-
conquered but then entirely reduced, Pannonia, Aquitania, Illy-
ricum, Rhstia, the-Vindelici and the-Salassi in the-Alps, all of-
ricum, Rhaetia, the Vindelici and Salassi on the Alps, all the
Pontus maritime cities, m these most-nohle
maritime cities of Pontus, and, among them, the two most noble,
Bosporus and Panticapaeon. He-conquered but in-battles
Bosporus and Panticapaeon. He also conquered the Dacians
the-Daci ; of- Germans rast forces he-cut ; selvrs
in battle ; put to the sword immense forces of the Germans ; and
also across Albis river he-moved-away, which in barbarian-(country)
forced them beyond the river Albis, which is in the country of
far beyond Rhine is : this yet war
the Barbarians far beyond the Rhine: this war however he
through Drama, step-son his-own, he-served-to, so-as through step-son
carried on by means of his step-son Drusus, as he had also the
Tiberius the-other the-Pannonian, which in-war three-
Other in Pannonia by his step-son Tiberius, in which he trans-
hundred thousands of-captives from Germany he-brought-over, and
planted three hundred thousand prisoners from Germany, and
above bank of-Rhine in Gaul placed- together. t Armenia
settled them in Gaul on the bank of the Rhine. He recovered
from Parthians he-took-back. Hostages, which none before,
Armenia from the Parthians. The Persians gave him hostages,
Persians to-him gave. They-gave-back also
which they had done to no one before. The Parthians also re-
 KUTROPIUS. BOOK VII. 95

signs Roman, which to-Crassus conquered

stored the Roman standards, which they had taken from the con-
they-had-taken-away. Scythians and Indians, to-whom be-
quered Crassus. The Scythians and Indians, to whom the
fate-that of-Romans name unknown had-been, gifts and deputies to him
Roman name was before unknown, sent him presents and am-
sent. Galatia also under this province was-made,
bassadors. Galatia also was made a province under his reign,
when before-that kingdom it-might-have-been, first-and it Marcus
having before been an independent kingdom, and Marcus LoUina
Lollius for praetor served-to. So-great
was the first that governed there, in the quality of prsetor. But so
but with-love also at barbarians he-was, that kings, of-people
much was he beloved even by the barbarians, that kings, allies of
Roman friends, into honor of-him might-put-together cities, which Csesa-
the Roman people, founded cities in his honor, to which they
reas they-might-name, so-as, in Mauritania by king Juba,
gave the name of Caesarea, as one in Mauritania by king Juba,
and iu Palestine, which now is city brightest.
and another in Palestine, which is now a very celebrated city.
Many but kings from kingdoms their-own came, and in-fashion
Many kings moreover left their own dominions, and assuming
Roman, gowned truly, to carriage or horse
the Roman dress, that is the toga, ran by the side of his car-
of-him ran. Dying god he-was-termed.
riage or his horse. At his death he was styled a divinity.
Republic most-blessed to-Tiberius successor he-
He left the republic in a most flourishing condition to his succes-
Ieft-behind, who step-son of-him, presently son-in-law,
sor Tiberius, who had been his step-son, afterwards his son-in-
lastly by-adoption son had-been.
law, and lastly his son by adoption.
Tiberius vast with-heartlessness empire carried, heavy
Tiberius governed the empire with great indolence, exceB-
with-cruelty, wicked with-avarice, base with-lust ; for
sive cruelty, impious avarice, and abandoned debauchery; he
no-where self he-fought; wars through deputies his-owu
fought on no occasion in person; the wars were carried on by his
96 KUTROPIUS. BOOK VII.

he-carried : some kings, to himself through Batteries

lieutenants; some kings, induced to visit him by seducing al-
called-forth, never he-sent-back, fa whom Archelaus the-
lurements, he never sent back, among whom was Archelaus of
Cappadocian, of-whom also, kingdom into of-province form be-
Cappadocia, whose kingdom also he reduced to the form of a
reduced, and greatest city to-be-styled his-own by-
province, and directed that its principal city should be called
name he-commanded, which now Caesarea is-said, when Mazaca
after his own title ; whose original name Mazaca is consequently
before-that it-mightbe-called. This third and twentieth of-empire
now changed to Caesarea. He died in Campania, in the three
in-year, of-age in-eightieth third, vast of-all with-joy,
and twentieth year of his reign, and the eighty-third of his age,
died in Campania,
to the great joy of all men.
Succeeded to-him Caius Ctesar, by-surname Caligula, of-Drasus
. To him succeeded Caius Caesar, surnamed Caligula, the grand-
step-son of-Augustus, and self of-Tiberius grandson,
son of Drusus the step-son of Augustus, and of Tiberius himself,
most-wicked and most-deadly, and who also of-Tiberius dis-
a most impious and cruel man, and who effaced even the memory
graces may-have-cleansed. War against Germans he-under-
of Tiberius's enormities. He undertook a war against the Ger-
took ; and having-marched-inta Suevia, nothing boldly
mans ; and having entered Suevia, achieved nothing of conse-
he-did. When against all vast with-avarice, with-lust, with-cruelty he-
quence. While tyrannising over all with insatiable avarice, lust,
might-be-fierce, having-been-killed in palace he-is, in-year of-age his-
and cruelty, he was slain in the palace, in the thirty-ninth
own thirtieth ninth, of-empire in-third, in-month tenth, in-day-and
year of his age, in the third year, tenth month, and eighth day of
eighth,
his reign.
After this Claudius was, uncle of-Caligula, of-Drusus,
After him reigned Claudius, the uncle of Caligula, and the son
who at Moguntiacum monument has, son, of-whom
of that Drusus, who has a monument at Moguntiacum, whose
 EUTROPIUS. BOOR VII. 97

and Caligula grandson was. This in-a-middle-way governed,

grandson Caligula also was. His reign was but indifferent; in
many-(things) carrying tranquilly and moderately,
many respects characterized by gentleness and moderation, in
some cruelly and sillily. To-Britain he-biought-against war,
some by cruelty and weakness. He made war upon Britain,
which no-one of-Romans after Julius Cesar had-touched-at ; that-and hav-
which no Roman since Julius Ceesar had visited ; and hav-
ing-been-quite-conquered through Cnaeus Sentius and Aulus Plautius
ing reduced it by Cneeus Sentius and Aulus Plautius,
shining and noble men, triumph celebrated he-acted,
illustrious and noble men, he celebrated a magnificent triumph.
Some islands also, beyond Britain in the-ocean placed, Ro-
Certain islands also, called the Orcades, situated beyond Britain
man to-empire he-gave-to, which are-styled Orcades ; to-son-and his-
in the ocean, he added to the Roman empire ; and gave his
own of-Britannicus name he-placed-on. So citizen-like but about some
son the name of Britannicus. So courteous too was he to
friends he-stood-out, that also Plautius, noble man, who
some of his friends, that he even attended Plautius, a person of
in expedition British many-(things) and select had-made,
noble birth, who had obtained many signal successes in the
triumphing self might-follow-throughout, and to-(him-)climbing-up
expedition to Britain, in his triumph, and walked at his left
the-capitol left might-go-on. He lived years
hand when he went up to the capitol. He lived to the age of
sixty-four; he-governed fourteen; after death he-was-made-sacred,
sixty-four; he reigned fourteen; and after his dep.th was conse-
god-and styled.
crated and deified.
Succeeded to-this Nero, to Caligula, to-uncle his-own, most-
To him succeeded Nero, who greatly resembled his uncle Ca-
like, who empire Roman and disfigured and lessened ;
ligula, and both disgraced and weakened the Roman empire;
unusual of-luxury of-expenses-and, as who, by-
his luxury and extravagance were so uncommon, that after the
example of-Caius Caligula, hot and cold himself might-wash with-
example of Caius Caligula, he even bathed in hot and cold
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII.

ointments; with-nets golden might-fish, which purple with-ropes

perfumes ; and fished with golden nets, which he drew out with
he-was-drawing-out. Endless part of-senate be-made-
eords of purple silk. He put to death a very great number of
away-with. To-good-(men) all enemy he-was. To last himself
the senate. He was an enemy to all good men. At last he pros-
so-gTeat with-disgrace he-set-forth, that he-might-dance and
tituted himself in so disgraceful a manner, that he danced and
might-sing in stage belonging-to-a-harper in-fashion and belonging-to-a-player.
suDg upon the stage in the dress of a singer and a player.
Parricides many he-committed, brother, wife, mother
He was guilty of many parricides, his brother, wife, and mother
being-made-away-with. City Rome he-set-on-fire,
being put to death by liim. He set on fire the city of Rome,
that of-spectacle of-that image he-mlght-see, as-if
that he might witness a representation of the spectacle which Troy
formerly Troy taken had-flamed.
formerly presented when captured and burnt.
In thing military nothing altogether having-dared, Britain al-
In the military department he attempted nothing, but almost
most he-lost ! for two undeT this most-noble towns having-
lost Britain ; for two of its most noble towns were taken and
been-taken there and overturned are. Armenia the-Parthians
levelled to the ground under his reign. The Parthians took pos-
took-away, legions-and Roman under yoke
session of Armenia, and compelled the Roman legions to pass
sent. Two yet provinces under that were-
under the yoke. Two provinces however were formed under
made, Pontus Polemoniacus, yielding king Polemon,
him, Pontus Polemoniacus, by the concessions of king Polemon,
and the-AIps, Cottius kinghaving-serred-out-(his-life.)
and the Alps, by the death of king Cottius.
On-account-of this Roman to-city worthy-to-be-cursed,
For these reasons becoming detestable to the city of Rome,
by all at-once forsaken, and by senate enemy
deserted at the same time by every one, and declared an enemy
judged, when he-might-be-sought to punishment, (which
by the senate, when sought for to be led to execution, (the
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII,

punishment was such, that naked through public-way

manner of which was, that he should be drawn naked through
led, with-fork to-head of-him thrust-in, with-twigs as-far-as
the streets, with a fork placed under his head, be beaten to
to death he-might-be-cut, and so roight-be-thrown-headlong from rock,)
death with rods, and then hurled from the Tarpeian rock,)
from palace he-fled, and in house-without-the-city himself of-
ke fled from the palace, and killed himself iu a suburban villa
freed-man his-own, which is between Salarian and Nomentane
of one of his freed-men, between the Salarian and Nomentane
way, to fourth of-city mile-stone, he-made-away-with. He built at-
roads, at the fourth mile-stone from Rome. He built those
Rome hot-baths, which before Neronian said, now Alex-
hot baths at Rome, which were formerly called the Neronian, but
andrine are-styled. He-went- through thirtieth and another of-age in-
now the Alexandrine. He died in the thirty-first year of his
year, of-empire in-tenth , fourth ; and in that all
age, and the fourteenth year of his reign; and in him all the
family of-Augustus was qiute-spent.
family of Augustus became extinct,
To-this Sergius Galba succeeded, mos£-ancient of-nobility
To Nero succeeded Sergius Galba, a senator of a very ancient
senator, when seventieth third year he-migbt-act of-agc,
and noble family, elected emperor when in his seventy-lhird year,
from Spaniards and Gauls emperor chosen-out, presently from whole
by the Spaniards and Gauls, and soon after readily ac-
army willingly he-was-received ; for private of-him life marked
knowledged by the whole army; for his private life had been dis-
had-been military and civil by-things, often consul,
tinguislied by many military and civil exploits, often as consul,
often proconsul, frequently leader in heaviest
often as proconsul, atvd frequently as general in most important
wars. Of-this short empire was, and which good might-have
wars. His reign was short, but not otherwise objectionable in itu
beginnings, unless to severity more-hanging-down he-might-seem,
commencement than that it seemed to incline too much to severity.
By-snares yet of-Otho he-was-killed of-empire ia-month
He was slain however by the treachery of Otho in the seventh
100 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII.

seventh in forum of- Rome, buried-and in gardens

month of his reign in the forum at Rome, and buried in his
his-own, which are Aurelian in-way, not far from
gardens, which are situated in the Aurelian way, not far from
city Rome,
the city.
Otho, having-been-slain Galba, wcnt-against em-
Otho, on the death of Galba, took possession of the govern-
pire, maternal by-race more-noble than by-pa-
ment, of a more noble descent on the mother's than the father's
ternal, neither yet obscure. In private life . soft ;
side, but obscure on neither. In private life he was effeminate ;
in empire lesson of-himself not he-was-able
in his government he had no opportunity to give evidence of his
to-hold-forth, for when the-same in-times, in-which Otho Galba bad-killed,
disposition ; for, about the same time that Otho had slain Galba,
also Vitellius might-have-been-made by German armies emperor,
Vitellius having also been chosen emperor by the German armies,
in-war against him undertaken, when at Bebriacum
Otho, having commenced a war against him, and having sustained
in Italy light in-battle he-might-have-been-conquered, vast
a defeat in a slight skirmish near Bebriacum in Italy, although he
yet forces he-might-have, willingly himself he-killed,
had still powerful forces remaining, voluntarily slew himself, in
seeking soldiers that-not so quickly
opposition to the entreaties of his soldiers that he would not so
concerning of-war he-might-despair event, when of-so-great not
soon despair of the issue of the war, saying, that he was not
to-be he-might-have-said, that on-account-of him civil war might-
of sufficient consequence, that a civil war should be raised on
be-moved-together. Voluntary with-death he-went-through thirtieth
his account. He perished by a voluntary death in the
and eighth of-age in-year, ninetieth and fifth of-empire
thirty-eighth year of his age, and the ninety-fifth day of his
in-day.
reign.
Thence ' Vitellius empire obtained, from-family honored
Vitellius next obtained the imperial dignity, of a family rather
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII. 101

more than noble, for father of-him not very brightly

honorable than noble, for his father was not of very illustrious
born, three yet regular had-carried consulships. This with much
birth, but had filled three regular consulships. His reign was
disgrace governed, and heavy with-cruelty remarkable, chiefly
most disgraceful, and marked by the greatest cruelty, as well
in-gluttony and in- greediness, because when from day
as by gluttony and voraciousness, since he is reported to have
often fourthly or fifthly he-rnay-be-borne having-feasted. Most-known cer-
frequently feasted four or five times a day. A most remark-
tainly supper to-memory has-been-committed, which
able supper at least has been transmitted to memory, which his
to-him Vitellius brother exhibited, in which, above other expenses,
brother Vitellius set before him, in which, besides other expenses,
two thousand of-fishes, seven of-birds thousands set-near
two thousand fishes, and seven thousand birds are said to have
are-delivered,
been set on the table.
This, when to-Nero like to-be he-might-wish, and that to-that-degree before
Being ambitious of resembling Nero, and aiming so openly
himself might-bear, that also funeial-rites of-Nero, which humbly
at this that he even paid respect to his remains, which
buried had.been, he-might-honor, by of-Vespasian leaders he-was-slain,
had been meanly buried, he was slain by the generals of the
having-been-made-away-with before Sabinus, of-Vespasian emperor
emperor Vespasian, whose brother Sabinus had been first put to
brother, whom with capital he-burnt. Killed
death by him, whom he burnt together with the capitol. When
but, and with great disgrace drawn through city Rome
slain, he was dragged naked with great ignominy through the
publicly naked, upright with-hair and with-head, haviug-been-
public streets of the city, with his hair erect and his head raised
thrust-under to chin with-sword, with-dung into
by means of a sword placed under his chin, his face and
countenance and breast from all in-the-way thrown-at ; lastly
breast pelted with dung by all that came in the way; at last
cut-in-the-throat, and into Tiber cast-down, also common
he was thrown with his throat cut into the Tiber, and wanted even
 102 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII.

he-wanted burial. He-perished but of-age in-year

the common rites of burial. He perished in the fifty-seventh
seventh and fiftieth, of-empire in-month eighth and in-day
year of his age, in the eighth month and first day of his
one.
. reign.
Vespasian to-this succeeded, made at Palestine
To him succeeded Vespasian, who had been created emperor
emperor, prince obscurely indeed born, but with
in Palestine, a prince indeed of obscure birth, but worthy to be
best to-be-got-together, private in-life
compared with the best emperors, and in private life greatly dis-
shining; as who from Claudius into Germany,
tinguished, since he had been sent by Claudius into Germany,
from-thence into Britain sent, thirty-times and twice with enemy
and afterwards into Britain, and had contended two and thirty
may-have-dashed-together; two strongest nations, twenty towns,
times with the enemy ; two very powerful nations, twenty towns,
island Vecta, to-Britain nearest, to-empire
and the isle of Wight, on the coa6t of Britain, were added by
Roman he-may-have-cast-to. At-Roine himself in empire ruost-
him to the Roman empire. At Rome he acted with the greatest
moderately he-carried ; of-ruoney yet more-greedy
forbearance during his administration ; but was rather too eager
he-was, so that it to-no-one unjustly he-might-
after money, not however that he deprived any one of it
bear-away, which when all of-diligence witji-foresight
unjustly, and even when he had collected it with the greatest
he-might-gather-togetber, yet most-zealously he-was-
diligence and anxiety, he was in the habit of distributing it most
bestowing, chiefly to-(those-)standing-in-need ; nor easily before
readily, especially to the indigent; nor was there hardly
him any of-prince or greater is liberality
ever known before him a prince whose liberality was more diffused
found-out or juster : mildest
or more judicious: he was also of a most mild and amiable
of-goodness, as who of-roajesty also against himself arraigned
disposition, insomuch that he never willingly inflicted a severer
 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII. 103

not easily he-might-punisti beyond of-exile

punishment than banishment even on persons convicted of high
punishment,
treason.
Under this Judea Roman caroe-to to-empire, and
Under this prince Judea was added to the Roman empire, and
Jerusalem, which was city brightest of-Falestine. Achain,
Jerusalem, the most celebrated city of Palestine. Achaia,
Lycia, Rhodes, Byzantium, Samos, which free before this
Lycia, Rhodes, Byzantium, Samos, which had been free before
time hud-been, also Thrace, Cilicia, Trachea, Coma-
this period; together with Thrace, Cilicia, Trachea, and Coma-
gena, which under kings friendly, into
gena, which had been governed by their respective kings in al-
of-prorinces form he-brought-under.
liance with the Romans, he reduced to the form of provinces.
Of-ofrences and of-enmities unmindful he-was ; reproaches
Offences and animosities he never bore in mind ; reproaches
from lawyers and philosophers upon himself spoken, gently
uttered against himself by lawyers and philosophers he bore with
he-bore; diligent yet restrainer of-discipline military.
calmness ; but was a strenuous enforcer of military discipline.
He with Titus son from Jerusalem
He triumphed, together with his son Titus, on account of Je-
trinmphed.
rusalem.
Through these when to-senate and to-people, lastly
By these means having become amiable and a favorite with
to-all, worthy-to-be-loved and pleasant he-might-be, with-a-flowing-
the senate and the people, in short, with all men, he
forth of-beliy he-was-extinguished in country-seat peculiar about the-Sabines,
died of a flux in his own villa near the Sabine country,
year of-age acting sixtieth ninth, of-empire ninth and
in the sixty-ninth year of his age, the ninth year and seventh day
day seventh ; and among gods was-referred.
of his reign ; and was enrolled among the gods.
To-this Titus son succeeded, who and self Vespasian was-
' To him succeeded his son Titus, who was also called Ves
 104 EUTROPIUS. BOOK VII.

said, man all of-virtuea in-kind wonderful, to-that-de-

pasian, a man remarkable for every species of virtue, insomuch
gree that love and delights human of-kind he-might-be-said. Most-
that he was styled the favorite and the idol of mankind. He
eloquent, most-warlike, most-moderate ; causes in-Latin
was very eloquent, warlike, and temperate ; he pleaded causes
he-acted; poems and tragedies in-Greek he-put-together. In
in Latin ; and composed poems and tragedies in Greek. At
siege of-Jerusalem under father being-a-soldier, twelve
the siege of Jerusalem while serving under his father, he slew
fighters-for twelve of-arrows with-strokes
twelve of those who were defending the town with wounds from as
he-quite-fixed. At-Rome so-great of-civility in empire
many arrows. Such was his lenity towards the citizens during his
he-was, that no-one at-all he-would-punish ;
administration at Rome, that he did not punish a single person ;
convicted against himself of-a-swearing-together so he-may-
and even those convicted of conspiracy against himself he
have-sent- apart, that in the-same intimacy, in-which before-that,
released, and continued on the same terms of intimacy with
he-may-have-had. : Of-easiness so-great he-was and of-liberality,
them as before. Such was his good-nature and generosity,
that to-no-one any-thing he-would-deny, and when by friends
that he never refusedany thing to anyone, and being blamed by his
he-might-he-caught-back, he-answered, no-one sad to-owe from,
friends on this account, replied, that no one ought to leave an
emperor to depart. On-account-of-that when a-certain in-day in supper he-
emperor in sorrow. Hence having recollected on a certain
might-have-called-to-mind, nothing himself that in-day to-any-one to-have-
day at supper, that he had conferred no obligation on
set-forth, he-said, "O friends, this-day day I-have-lost."
any one, he exclaimed, " O my friends! I have lost this day I"
This at-Rome amphitheatre built, and five thousands of-wild-beasts
He built an amphitheatre at Rome, and on its dedication slew
in dedication of-it slew.
five thousand wild beasts.
Through these-(things) unusual with-favor beloved, by-disease he-perished
Thus beloved with an unusual attachment, he fell ill and died
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 105
in that in-which father, country-seat, after the-space-of-two-years, months
m the same villa as his father, after having reigned two years,
eight, days twenty, that emperor he-had-been-made, of-age in-year the-other
eight months', and twenty days, in the forty-first year
and fortieth. So-great mourning that-(man) having-died public was,
of his age. So great was the public lamentation on his death,
that all as-if in peculiar may-have-grieved orphancy.
that all deplored his loss as that of a near relative of their own.
Senate, death of-him about evening having-been-
The senate, having received intelligence of his death about the
told, in-night broke-in into court, and
evening, hurried into the senate-house in the night time, and
so-great to-him dead thanks praises-and
heaped upon him after his death even more expressions of grati-
carried-together, how-great nor to-alive ever it-
tude and commendation, than they had when he was alive and
had-acted, nor to-present. Among gods he-was-referred.
present among them. He was numbered among the gods.
Domitian presently received empire, brother of-him
Domitian next received the imperial dignity, the younger brother
younger, to-Nero, or to-Caligula, or to-Tiberius more-like, than to-
of Titus, but more like Nero, 'or Caligula, or Tiberius, than his
father or to-brother his-own : first yet in-years moderate
father or brother: in the commencement however of his
in empire he-was ; presently to vast
reign he used his power with moderation ; but soon proceeded
vices going-forward of-lust, of-passion, of-cruelty, of-avarice, so-
to the greatest excesses of lust, rage, cruelty, and avarice, so
great into himself hatred he-stirred-up, that deserts of-father
that he incurred universal detestation, and effaced the remem-
and of-brother he-might-abolish. He-killed
brance of his father's and his brother's merits. He put to death
noblest from senate. Lord himself and god
the most distinguished of the senate. He was the first that re-
first to-be-called he-commanded; no to-
quired to be addressed by the titles of Lord and God ; and suf-
himself unless goldtn and silver statue in capitol to-be-placed
fered no statue of himself to be placed in the capitol except
O
106 EUTROPII HISTOHIA.
he-suffered. Cousins bis-own he-killed. Pride
of gold or silver. He put his own cousins to death. His pride
also in him worthy-to-be-cursed was.
also was thoroughly detestable.
Expeditions four he-bad, one against tbe-Sarmatians, another
He made four expeditions, one against the Sarmatians, another
against tbe-Catti, two against the-Dacians. From Dacians
against the Catti, two against the Dacians. On account of the
Catti-and double indeed triumph he-acted ;
Dacians and the Catti indeed he obtained a double triumph ; for
from Sarmatians alone laurel-crown he-used. Many indeed cala-
the Sarmatians, he received only the laurel. He suffered many
mities the-same in-wars he- suffered, for in Saruiatia legions of-him with
disasters in these wars, for in Sarmatia his legions with
leader killed, and by Dacians Appius Sabinus
their general were cut off, and by the Dacians Appius Sabinus,
consular . and Cornelius Fuscus, prefect
a person of consular dignity, and Cornelius Fuscus, the prefect
to-praetorian.(band), with great armies were-slain. At-
of the prsetorian cohort, were slain with immense armies. At
Rome also , many works he-did, in these
Rome he also erected several public buildings, among which
capitol ' and forum that-one-may-pass-through, the-Odeum, the-Por-
were the capitol, the Forum Transitorium, the Odeum, the Piaz-
ticos, temple-of-Isis and temple-of-Serapis, and the-Stadi'um.
zas, the temples of Isis and Serapis, and the Stadium.
But when for crimes by-all hated to-be he-migbt-have-begun,
But becoming odious to every one on account of his crimes,
he-was-killed of-his-own by-swearing-together in
he fell a victim to a conspiracy of his own servants within the
palace, in-year of-age fortieth fifth, of-empire in-fifth
palace, in the forty-fifth year of his age, and the fifteenth of his
tenth. Funeral of-him, with vast disgrace by bearers carried-out
reign. His corpse was carried out with marked insult by hired
ignobly was-buried.
bearers, and buried ignominiously.

PRINTED By A. J. VALpy,
RED LION COUHT, FLEET STREET.
 EUTROPII HISTORIA.
OF EUTROPIUS HISTORY.
EUTROPIUS'S HISTORY.

LIBER PRIMUS.
BOOK FIRST.
THE FIRST BOOK.

Roman um imperium, quo neque ab exordio

Roman empire, than-which neither from beginning
The Roman empire, than which the annals of mankind
ullum fere minus, neque incrementis toto
any almost less, neither iii-growings whole
can adduce scarcely any smaller in its commencement, or more
orbe amplius, humana potest memoria recordari,
in-globe larger, human is-able memory to-call-to-mind,
extensive in its progress throughout the world,
a Romulo exordium habet; qui, Vestalis vir-
from Romulus beginning has ; who, Vestal of-vir-
has its origin from Romulus ; who, being the son of a
ginis Alius, et, quantum putatus est, Martis,
gin son, and, as-much-as having-been-thought he-is, of-Mars,
Vestal virgin, and, as was supposed, of Mars,
cum Remo fratre uno partu editus est.
with Remus brother one in-birth having-been-given-forth is.
Was brought forth with his brother Remus at one birth.
Is, cum inter pastores latrocinaretur, octodecim
He, when among shepherds he-might-be-robbing, eighteen
He, leading a predatory life among shepherds, when eighteen
A
2 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

annos natus, urbem exiguam in Palatino monte

years born, city small in Palatine mount
years old, founded a small city on the Palatine
constituit, undecimo calendas Maias, Olympiadis
established, eleventh the-calends of-May, of-Olympiad
hill, on the eleventh of the calends of May, in the third
sextae anno tertio, post Trojae excidium trecen-
sixth in-year third, after of-Troy the-cuttiiig-down three-
year of the sixth Olympiad, and the three hundred and ninety-
tesimo nonagesimo quarto.
hundredth ninetieth fourth.
fourth from the fall of Troy.
Condita civitate, quam ex nomine suo
Having-been-put-together the-city, which from name his-own
The city being founded, which he called Rome
Romam vocavit, haec . fere egit :
Rome he-called, these almost he-did :
after his own name, his proceedings were principally these :
multitudinem finitimorum in civitatem
multitude of-the-bordering into the-city
he admitted a multitude of the neighbouring inhabitants into
recepit ; centum ex senioribus elegit, quorum
he-received ; hundred from more-old he-chose-out, whose
the city; he selected a hundred from the elders, by whose,
consilio omnia ageret, quos Senatores
by-counsel all he-might-do, whom Senators
advice he might act on all occasions, and from their age
nominavit propter senectutem. Tunc, cum
he-named on-account-of old-age. Then, when
named them Senators. Next, since
uxores ipse et populus non haberent, in-
wives self and people not ' might-have, he-
the want of wives was felt both by himself and the people, he.
vitavit ad spectaculum ludorum, vicinas urbi,
invited to spectacle of-games, neighbouring to-the-city
invited the states contiguous to the city to an exhibition of
nationes, atque earum virgines rapuit. Com-
' nations, and their virgins he-snatched. Having-
games, and seized upon their young women. Wars
 LIBER PRIMUS. 3

motis bellis propter raptarum

been-moved wars on-account-of of-the-snatched
having arisen, from this outrage to the young women
injuriam, Caeninenses vicit,
the-injury, the-Caeninenses he-conquered,
who had been carried off, he conquered the Caeninenses,
Antemnates, Crustuminos, Sabinos, Fidenates,
the-Antemnates, the-Crustumini, the-Sabines, tha,-Fidenates,
the Antemnates, the Crustumini, the Sabines, the Fidenates,
Veientes: haec omnia oppida urbem cingunt. Et
the- Veientes : these all towns the-city gird. And
the Veientes: all whose towns environ the city. In
cum, orta subitd tempestate, non comparu-
when, having-risen suddenly tempest, not he-might-have-
consequence of his disappearance, after a tempest which suddenly
isset, anno regni tricesimo septimo, ad deos
appeared, in-year of-reign thirtieth seventh, to the-gods
arose, in the thirty-seventh year of his reign, it was generally be-
transisse creditus, consecratus
to-have-gone-over believed, having-been-consecrated
lieved that he had been translated to the gods, and he was therefore,
est. Deinde Romae per quinos dies senatores
he-is. From-lhence at-Rome through five days senators
deified. Afterwards senators ruled at Rome by periods
imperaverunt; et, his regnantibus, annus urius
governed ; and, these reigning, year one
of five . days; and their government lasted for
completus est. . '.-o
having-been-filled is.
a year.
Postea Numa Pompilius rex creatus est,
Afterwards Numa Pompilius king having-been-created is,
Afterwards Numa Pompilius was elected king
qui bellum nullum quidem gessit, sed non minus
who war no indeed carried, but not less
who engaged indeed in no wars, but yet was no less
civitati, quam Romulus, profuit ; nam et leges
to-the-city, than Romulus, profited ; for and laws
a benefactor to the state than Romulus ; for he insti-
4 EUTRQPII HISTORIA.

Romanis moresque constituit, qui eon-

to-the-Romani manners-and he -established, who by-
tuted both laws and customs among the Romans, who by
suetudine praeliorum jam latrones ac
custom of-battles now robbers and
the frequency of their wars were now considered as robbers and
semibarbari putabantur ; annum descripsit in
half-barbarous were-thought ; year he-wrote-out into
approaching to barbarism ; he marked out the year, before
decern menses, prius sine aliqua computatione con-
ten months, before without any reckoning poured-
undistinguished by any computation, into ten
fusum; et infinita Romae sacra ac templa
together; and infinite at-Rome sacred-rites and temples
months ; and founded numerous sacred rites and temples .
constituit. Morbo decessit quadragesimo tertio
established. By-disease he-departed fortieth third
at Home. He died of sickness in the forty-third
imperii anno.
of-empire in-year.
year of his reign.
Huic successit Tullus Hostilius. Hic bella
To-this succeeded Tullus Hostilius. This wars
He was succeeded by Tullus Hostilius. This king renewed
reparayit; Albanos vicit, qui ab urbe Roma
again-prepared; the-Albans he-conquered, who from city Rome
hostilities ; he conquered the Albans, who are twelve miles
duodecimo milliario absunt : Veientes et Fidenates,
twelfth by-mile are-away : the-Veientes and Fidenates,
distant from Rome: he defeated also the
quorum alii sexto milliario absunt ab urbe RomanA,
of-whom others sixth by-mile are-away from city Roman,
Veientes and Fidenates, the one six, the other
alii octavo decimo, bello superavit ; urbem
others eighth tenth, in-war he-overcame ; the-city
eighteen miles distant from the city; and increased the
ampliavit, adjecto Caelio monte. Cum
he-enlarged ; haTing-beeu-added Caelius mount. When
dimensions of Rome, by the addition of the Caelian hill. After
 LIBER PRIMUS. 3

triginta duobus annis regnasset, fulmine ictus,

thirty two in-years he-migbl-have-reigned, by-lightning struck,
a reign of thirty-two years, he perished by lightning
cum domo sua arsit.
with house his-own he-named,
in a conflagration of his house.
Post hunc Ancus Marcius, Numae ex filia
After this Ancus Marcius, of-Numa from daughter
After him Ancus Marcius, the grandson of Numa by
nepos, suscepit imperium. Contra Latinos
grandson, undertook empire. Against the-Latins
a daughter, succeeded to the throne. He fought against
dimicavit; Aventinum montem civitati adjecit et
he-fought ; Aventine mount to-the-city he-added and
the Latins ; added the hills Aventinus and Janiculum to
Janiculum; Ostiam, civitatem supra mare sexto
Janiculum ; Ostia, city above the-sea sisth
the city ; and founded Ostia, a city on the sea-coast,
decimo milliario ab urbe Roma, condidit. Vice-
tenth by-mile from city Rome, he-put-together. Twen-
sixteen miles from Rome. He died;
simo quarto anno imperii morbo periit. ..' ' ,
tieth fourth in-year of-empire by-disease he-perished,
of sickness in the twenty-fourth year of his reign. .s
Deinde regnum Priscus Tarquinius accepit. Hic
From-thence kingdom Priscus Tarquinius received. This
Next, Priscus Tarquinius received the kingdom. . He
numerum senatorum duplicavit; circum Romae
number of-senators doubled ; circug at-Rome
doubled the number of the senators ; built a circus
ffidificavit ; ludos Romanos instituit, qui ad nostram
built ; games Roman instituted, which to our
at Rome ; instituted the Roman games, which continue
memoriam permanent. Vicit idem etiam Sa-
memory remain-through. Conquered the-same also the-
even to the present time. He also conquered the
binos ; et non parum agrorum, sublatum iisdem,
Sabines; and not a-little of-fields, taken-away to-the-same,
Sabines; and added a considerable extent of country, which he
6 KUTROHII HISTOR1A.

urbis Romae territorio adjunxit : primus-

of-city Rome to-territory he-joined-to : first-
took from them, to the Roman territory : he was also the
que triumphans urbem intravit. Muros fecit et
and triumphing the-city he-entered. Walls he-made and
first that entered the city in triumph. He built the walls and
cloacas; capitolium inchoavit. Tricesimo octavo
sewers; ttie-capitol he-began. Thirtieth eighth
sewers ; and commenced the capitol. In the thirty-eighth
imperii anno per Anci filios occisus est,
of-empire in-year through of-Ancus sons having-been-killed he-is,
year of his reign, he was slain by the sons of Ancus, that
regis ejus, cui ipse successerat. ' i
of-king that, to-whom self had-succeeded. ,>
king whom he had succeeded. '.'
Post hunc Servius Tullius suscepit imperium,
After this Servius Tullius undertook empire,
After him Servius Tullius was raised to the throne,
genitus ex nobili foemina, captiva tamen et an-
begotten from noble woman, captive yet and maid-
the son of a woman of noble origin, but yet a captive and a
cilia. Hic quoque Sabinos subegit; montes
servant. This also the-Sabines brought-under ; mounts
slave. He also subdued the Sabines ; annexed three
tres, Quirinalem, Viminalem, Esquilinum, urbi
three, Quirinalis, Viminalis, Esquilinus, to-tbe-city
hills, the Quirinal, Viminal, and Esquiline, to the
adjunxit; fossas circum murum duxit. Primus
he-joined-to; ditches round-about wall he-led. First
city ; and threw up trenches round the city walls. He was
omnium censum ordinavit, qui adhuc per
of-all the-census he-put-in-order, which hitherto through
the first that instituted the census, which till that time was
orbem terrarum incognitus erat. Sub eo Roma*
globe of-earths unknown was. Under him Rome,
unknown throughout the world. By the estimate of
omnibus in censum delatis, habuit capitum.
all into the-census having-been-brought, had of-heads
the census, which was taken under him, Rome numbered
 LIBER PRIMUS. 7

octoginta quatuor millia civium Romanorum, cum

eighty - four thousands of-citizens Roman, with
eighty - four thousand citizens, in-
his qui in agris erant. Occisus est qua-
these who in fields were. Having-been-slain he-is for-
cluding those in the country. He fell a victim, in the
dragesimo quinto imperii anno, scelere
tielh fifth of-empire in-year, by-wickedness
forty-fifth year of his reign, to the criminal machinations
generi sui Tarquinii Superbi, filii ejus regis,
of-son-in-law his-own Tarquin the-Proud, of-son that of-king,
of his son-in-law Tarquin the Proud, the son of that king
cui ipse successerat, et filiae suae, quam
to-whom self had-succeeded, and of-daughter his-own, whom
whom he had succeeded, and of his own daughter, whom
Tarquinius habebat uxorem.
Tarquin was-having wife.
Tarquin had married. »
( Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, septimus atque
Lucius Tarquinius the-Proud, seventh and
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the seventh and .
ultimus regum, Volscos, quag gens ad Cam-
last of-kings, the-Volsci, which nation ' to Cam-
last of the kings, conquered the Volsci, a nation not
paniam euntibus non longe ab urbe est, vicit ;
pania to-those-going not far from the-city is, conquered;
far from Rome on the road to Campania ;
Gabios civitatem et Suessam Pometiam subegit ;
Cabii city and Suessa Pometia he-brought-under;
reduced the towns of Gabii and Suessa Pometia ;
cum Thuscis pacem fecit; et templum Jovi in
with the-Tuscans peace he-made; and temple to-Jupiter in
made peace with the Tuscans ; and built a temple to Jupiter
capitolk) aedificavit. Postea, Ardeam oppugnans,
the-capitol he-built. Afterwards, Ardea fighting-against,
the capitol. Afterwards, while besieging Ardea,
in octavo decimo milliario ab urbe positam civitatem,
in eighth tenth mile from the-city placed a-city,
a town about eighteen miles from the city,
8 IUTROPII HISTORIA.

imperium perdidit. Nam cum filius ejus, et ipse

empire he-lost. For when ton his, and self
he was deposed. For his younger son, who was
Tarquinius junior, nobilissimi Collatini uxorem
Tarquin the-younger, most-noble of-Collstinus wife
also named Tarquin, violated the wife of Collatinus, a
stuprasset, eaque de injuria marito,
might-have-violated, she-and of injury to-lmsband,
man of the highest rank ; who, having represented to her
et patri et amicis questa fuisset,
and to-father and to-friends having-complained might-have-been,
husband, her father, and her friends, the injury she had sustained,
in omnium conspectu se occidit : propter
in' of-all sight herself she-killed : on-account-of
slew herself in the sight of them all : and on
quam causam Brutus, parens, et ipse Collatinus
which cause Brutus, parent, and self Collatinus
this account, Brutus, her father, and Collatinus
populum concitavit, et Tarquinio
people stirred-together, and to-Tarquin
excited an insurrection among'the populace, and deprived Tarquin
ademit imperium. Mox exercitus quoque eum,
took-away empire. Soon army also him,
of the kingly power. The army also, with which the
qui civitatem Ardeam cum ipso rege oppugnabat,
which city Ardea with self king was-6ghting-against,
king was besieging Ardea, soon after deserted
reliquit; veniensque ad urbem rex, portis
left; coming-and to the-city king, gates
him ; and the king himself, on his arrival at the city, found
clausis, exclusus est. Cumque impe-
baving-been-shut, having-been-shut-out is. When-and he-might
the gates closed against him. Thus, having
rasset annos viginti quinque, cum uxore et
have-governed years twenty - live, with wife and
reigned five-and-twenty years, he was banished with his
liberis suis fugit.
children his-own he-fled. 'i
wife and children. ...
 LIBER PRIMUS. 9

Ita Romae regnatum est per septem reges

So at-Rome having-been-reigned it-is through seven kings
Thus the kingly office continued at Rome during seven reigns
annis ducentis quadraginta tribus, cum adhuc
in-years two-hundred forty three, when hitherto
for the space of two hundred and forty-three years, while as yet
Roma, ubi plurimum, vix usque ad
Rome, where the-most, scarcely as-far-as to
the dominions of the city, at their greatest extent, hardly
quintum decimum milliarium, possideret.
fifth tenth mile, might-possess,
reached the fifteenth mile.
Hinc consules coepere, pro uno rege, duo hac
Hence consuls began, for one king, ttro this
From this time two consuls were chosen instead of one king,
causa, creari ; ut, si unus malus esse
from-cause to-be-created ; that, if one bad to-be
on this principle; that, if one should entertain any ill designs
voluisset, alter eum, habens potestatem
might-have-wished, the-other him, having power
upon the state, the other, being invested with equal author-
similem, coerceret, Et placuit,
like, might-restrain. And it-pleased,
ity, might keep him in check. It was determined also,
ne imperium longius, quam annum, haberent ;
that-not empire longer, than a-year, they-might-have ;
that they should hold their office no longer than one year;
ne per diuturnitatem potestatis insolentiores
that-not through long-continuance of-power more-unwonted
lest by continued possession of power they should become too
redderentur, sed civiles semper essent, qui
they-might-be-rendered, but citizen-like always might-be, who
overbearing and tyrannical ; but, knowing that in a year they would
se post annum scirent futuros
themselves after a-year might-know about-to-be
descend to the level of private persons, might conduct themselves
esse privatos. ' :
to-be private-persons,
with courtesy and moderation.
10 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Fuerunt igitur anno primo, expulsis regibus,

Were therefore in-year first, having-been-driven-out kings,
In the first year therefore, after the expulsion of the royal
Consules Lucius Junius Brutus, qui
consuls Lucius Junius Brutus, who
family, the consuls were Lucius Junius Brutus, through
maxime egerat ut Tarquinius pelleretur, et
mostly had-done that Tarquin might-be-driven away, and
.whom chiefly the banishment of Tarquin had been effected, and
Tarquinius Collatinus, maritus Lucretiae. Sed
Tarquinius Collatinus, husband of-Lucreiia. But
Tarquinius Collatinus, the husband of Lucretia. But
Tarquinio Collatino statim sublata dignitas
to-Tarquinius Collatinus immediately having-been-taken-away dignity
Tarquinius Collatinus was soon divested of that dig
est ; placuerat enim, ne quisquam in urbe ma-
is ; it-had-pleased for, thac-not any-one in thercity should-
nity; for it was enacted, that no one of the name of Tar-
neret, qui Tarquinius vocaretur. Ergo, acce-
stay, who Tarquin might-be-called. Therefore, having-been-
quin should remain in the city. Therefore, collect-
pto omni patrimonio suo, ex urbe migravit ; et
received all patrimony his-own, from the-city he-removed ; and
ing all his private property, he quitted the city; and
loco ipsius factus est Valerius Publicola consul.
in-place of-self having-been-made is Valerius Publicola consul.
Valerius Publicola was made consul in his room.
Commovit tamen bellum urbi Romance rex Tar-
Moved-together yet war to-city Roman king Tar-
The king Tarquin however, after his expulsion,
quinius, qui fuerat expulsus, et collectis undi-
quin, who had-been driven-out, and having-been-collected on-every-
made war upon Rome, and having collected a
que multis gentibus, ut in regnum posset re
side many nations, that into kingdom he-might-be-able to-be-
considerable force, for the purpose of re-instating himself in
stitui, dimicavit. In prima pugna
set-again, he-fought. In first fight
his kingdom, came to an engagement. In the first encounter,
 LIBER PRIMUS. 11

Brutus et Aruns, Tarquinii Alius, invicem se

Brutus and Aruns, of-Tarquin son, in-tum themselves
Brutus and Aruns, the son of Tarquin, fell by each other's
occiderurit. Romani tamen ex ea pugna victores
killed. The-Romans yet from that fight conquerors
hands. The Romans, however, left the field
recesserunt. Brutum Romanae matronae, defen-
went-back. Brutus Roman matrons, defend-
conquerors. The Roman matrons bewailed Brutus, the guardian
sorem pudicitiae suae, quasi communem patrem, per
er of-chastity their-own, as-if common father, through
of their honor, as if he had been their common father, for
annum luxerunt. Valerius Publicola Spurium Lu-
year bewailed. Valerius Publicola Spurius Lu-
the space of a year. Valerius Publicola appointed Spurius
cretium Tricipitinum collegam sibi fecit, Lucretiae
cretius Tricipitinus colleague to-himself made, of-Lucrctia
Lucretius Tricipitinus, the father of Lucretia, his col-
patrem ; quo morbo mortuo, iterum Horatium Pul-
father; who by-disease having-died, again Horatius Pul-
league; on his death by sickness, he next chose Horatius
villum collegam sibi sumpsit.
villus colleague to-himself he-took.
Pulvillus for his colleague.
Ita primus annus quinque consules habuit ; cum
Thus first year five consuls had ; when
Thus the first year was remarkable for five consuls; Tar-
Tarquinius Collatinus urbe cessisset propter
Tarquinius Collatinus from-the-city might-have-departed on-account-of
quinius Collatinus having left the city on account of
nomen, Brutus praelio periisset, Spurius Lu-
name, Brutus in-battle might-have-perished, Spurius Lu-
his name, Brutus having fallen in battle, and Spurius Lu
cretius morbo mortuus esset.
cretius by-disease having-died might-be.
cretius having died through sickness.
Secundo quoque anno iterum Tarquinius, ut reci-
Second also in-year again Tarquin, that he-might
In the second year also, Tarquin, with a view
12 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

peretur in regnum, bellum Romanis intulit, auxi-

be-taken-again into kingdom, war to-Romans brought-in, help
of recovering the throne, again made war on the Romans,
lium ei ferente Porsena, Thusciae rege, et Romarn
to-bim bringing Porsena, of-Tuscany king, and Rome
and being assisted by Porsena, king of Tuscany, almost cap-
pene cepit. Vemm tum quoque victus est.
almost took. But then also having-been-coaquered he-is.
tared Rome. But then too he was defeated.
Tertio anno post reges exactos, Tar-
Third in-year after kings driven-out, Tar-
In the third year after the abolition of the kingly power, Tar-
quinius, cum suscipi non posset in regnum,
quin, when to-be-taken-up not he-might-be-able into kingdom,
quin, having failed in his attempts to recover the throne,
neque ei Porsena, qui pacem cum Romanis fece-
neither to-him Porsena, . who peace with tbe-Romans had-
aud deprived of the assistance of Porsena, who had made
rat, auxilium praestaret, Tusculum se contulit, quae
made, help would-atford, Tusculum himself he-brought, which
peace with the Romans, retired to Tusculum, a
civitas non longe ab urbe est ; atque ibi per quatuor-
city not far from the-city is ; and there through four-
town not far from Rome ; where with his wife for
decim annos privatus cum uxore per-
teen years a-private-person with wife he-
fourteen years he lived in a private station, and reached an
senuit.
grew-very-old.
advanced age.
Quarto anno post reges exactos,
Fourth in-year after kings driven-out,
In the fourth year after the abolition of the kingly power,
cum Sabini Romanis bellum intulissent, vie-
when the-Sabines to-the- Romans war might-have-brought-in, having-been-
the Sabines, having made war on the Romans, were
ti sunt; et de his est triumphatum.
conquered they-are ; and from these it-is having-been-triumphed.
conquered ; and this success was celebrated by a triumph.
 LIBER PRIMUS. 13

Quinto anno Lucius Valerius, ille Bruti collega

Fifth in-year Lucius Valerius, he of-Brutus colleague
In the fifth year Lucius Valerius, the colleague of Brutus,
et quartum consul, - fatalitermortuusest; aded
and fourth-time consul, by-destiny having died is; to-that-degree
and for the fourth time consul, died a natural death ; in such ex-
pauper, ut, collatis a populo num-
poor, that, having-been-brought-together from people mo-
treme poverty, that the expenses of his burial were defrayed
mis, sumptum habuerit sepulturae, quem matronae,
nies, expense he-may-bave-had of-burial, whom matrons,
by a public subscription ; the matrons
sicut Brutum, annum luxerunt.
so-as Brutus, a-year bewailed.
also mourned for him, as for Brutus, during a year.
Nono anno post reges exactos, cum
Ninth . in-year after kings driven-not, when
In the ninth year from the abolition of the kingly power, the
gener Tarquinii, ad injuriam soceri vindi-
son-in-law of-Tarquin, to injury of-father-in-law to-be-
son-in-law of Tarquin, having collected an immense force in order
candam, ingentem collegisset exercitum, nova
vindicated, vast might-bare-collected army, new
to avenge the wrongs of his father-in-law, a new
Romae dignitas est creata, quae Dictatura appel-
at-Rome dignity is created, which Dictatorship is-
dignity was introduced at Rome, termed the Dictatorship,
latur, major quam consulatus. Eodem anno etiam
called, greater than consulship. Same in-year also
more absolute than the consulship. In the same year also
magister equitum factus est, qui dictator!
a-master of-horsemen having-been-made is, who to-dictator
a master of the horse was appointed, as an attendant
obsequeretur. Dictator autem Romee primus fuit
might-follow-close. Dictator but at-Rome first wasv
upon the dictator. The first dictator at Rome was
Lartius ; magister equitum primus, Spurius Cassius.
Lartius; master of-horsemen first, Spurius Cassius.
Lartius; the first master of the horse, Spurius Cassius.,
14 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Sextodecimo anno post reges exactos,

Sixteenth in-year after kings driven-out.
In the sixteenth year after the abolition of the kingly power,
seditionem populus Romae fecit, tanquam a
sedition people at-Rome made, as-if from
a sedition broke out among the people at Rome, who conceived
senatu atque consulibus premeretur. Turn
senate and consuls it-might-be-pressed. Then
themselves oppressed by the senate attd the consuls. At this
et ipse sibi tribunos plebis, quasi proprios
and self to-itself tribunes of-common-people, as-if peculiar
period they created for themselves tribunes of the people, as pecu-
judices et defensores, creavit, per quos contra
judges and defenders, created, through whom against
liarly their own judges and protectors, and as a safeguard
senatum et consules tutus esse posset.
senate and consuls safe to-be it-might-be-able.
against the senate and the consuls.
Sequenti anno Volsci contra Romanos bellum
Following in-year the-Volsci against the-Romans war
In the following year the Volsci recommenced hostilities against
reparaverunt ; et, victi acie, etiam Coriolos,
prepared-again ; and, conquered in-edge, also Corioli,
the Romans ; and being defeated in an engagement, lost
civitatem quam habebant optimam, perdiderunt.
city which they-were-having best, they-lost.
also Corioli, the best of their cities.
Octavo decimo anno postquam reges ejecti
Eighth tenth in-year after-that kings having-been-cast-out
In the eighteenth year from the banishment of the royal
erant, expulsus ex urbe, Quintius Marcius,
were, . driven-out from the-city, Quintius Marcius,
family, Quintius Marcius, the Roman general
dux Romanorum, qui Coriolos ceperat,
leader of-the-Romans, who Corioli had-taken,
under whom Corioli, the city of the Volsci, had been taken,
Volscorum civitatem, ad ipsos Volscos
of-the-Volsci c'ty> '° selves the-Volsci
being compelled to fly from Rome, directed his course, in resent
 LIBER PRIMUS. 15

contendit iratuS; et auxilia contra

stretches angry ; and helps against
ment, to the Volsci themselves ; and received from them a
Romanos accepit. Romanos saepe
the-Romans received. The-Romans often
force against the Romans. He obtained frequent victories over
vicit; usque ad quintum milliarium urbis ac
he-conquered; as-far-as to fifth mile of-the-city he-
the Romans ; he made his way even within five miles of the
cessit, oppugnaturus etiam patriam suam, legatis
approached, about-to-fight-against also country his-own, deputies
city, and, having rejected the embassy who came to sue for peace,
qui pacem petebant repudiatis, nisi ad eum
who peace were-seeking having-been-rejected, unless to him
had determined upon reducing his country itself, had not his
mater Veturia et uxor Volumnia ex urbe venis-
mother Veturia and wife Volumnia from the-city might-have
mother Veturia and his wife Volumnia gone out to meet him
sent, quarum fletu et deprecatione
come, of-whom by-the-weeping and begging-off
from the city, and by tears and earnest supplications prevailed
superatus, removit exercitum. Atque hie secundus
overcome, he-removed army. And this second
upon him to withdraw his army. He was the second
post Tarquinium fuit, qui dux contra patriam suam
after Tarquin was, who leader against country his-own
after Tarquin, who had acted as general against his
esset.
might-be.
country.
Caesone Fabio et Tito Virginio consulibus, tre-
Caeso Fabius and Titus Virginius consuls, three-
In the consulate of Caeso Fabius and Titus Virginius, three
centi nobiles homines, qui ex Fabia familia erant,
hundred noble men, who from the-Fabian family were,
hundred noble members of the Fabian family,
contra Veientes bellum soli susceperunt, promit-
against the-Veientes war alone undertook, sending-
alone undertook a war against the Veientes, pledg-
16 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

tentes senatui et populo per se omne certamen

forth to-senate and to-peo(ile through themselves all contest
ing themselves to the senate and the people unaided to abide
implendum. Itaque profecti omnes nobiles, et
to-be-filled-up. And-so having-departed all noble, and
the contest. These illustrious individuals therefore, each of
qui singuli magnorum exercituum duces esse debe-
who each of-great armies leaders to-be might-
whom was worthy to command the largest army, setting out on
rent, in praelio conciderunt. Unus omnino
owe, in battle they-fell-together. One in-all
their expedition, all fell in battle. One only
superfuit ex tanta familia, qui propter aetatem
was-over from so-great family, who on-account-of age
remained out of so large a family, whose extreme youth did not
puerilem duci non potuerat ad pugnam. Post
boyish to-be-led not had-been-able to the-fight. After
admit of his accompanying them to war. After
haec census in urbe habitus est, et inven-
these a-census in the-city having-been-bad is, and baving-been-
these events a census was made, in which one
ta sunt civium capitum centum novemdecim
found are of-citiiena Ol-heads a-hundred nineteen
hundred and nineteen thousand was found to be the number of
millia.
thousands,
the citizens.
Sequenti anno, cum in Algido monte ab urbe
Following in-year, when in Algidum mount from the-city
In the following year, in consequence of the blockade of the
duodecimo ferme milliario Romanus obsideretur
twelfth almost by-mile Roman might-be-blocked-up
the Roman army on mount Algidum, about twelve miles from the
exercitus, Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus dictator est
army, Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus dictator is
city, Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus was appointed
factus ; qui, agrum quatuor jugerum possidens,
having-been-made ; who, field four of-acre» possessing,
dictator; whose possessions consisted of four acres of land,
 LIBER PRIMUS. 17

manibus suis colebat. Is, cum in opere

with-hands his-own was-cultivating. He, when in work
which he cultivated with his own hands. He was found intent
et arans esset inventus, sudore de-
and ploughing might-be having-been-found, sweat having-
on his occupation, and engaged in ploughing; wiping the sweat
terso, togam praetextam accepit ; et, cassis
been-wiped-off, the-toga prtctexta received ; and, having-been -slain
from his brow, he assumed the toga prtetexta ; and, with a great
hostibus, liberavit exercitum.
enemies, freed army,
slaughter of the enemy, freed the army.
Anno trecentesimo et altero ab urbe
In-year three-hundredth and the-other from city
In the three hundred and second year from the founding of
condita, imperium consulare cessavit ; et pro
put-togelher, empire consular ceased ; and for
the city, the government by consuls ceased ; and instead of
duobus consulibus decem facti sunt, qui sum-
two consuls ten having-been-made are, who high-
two consuls, ten magistrates, under the title of Decem-
mam potestatem haberent, Decemviri nominati. Sed
est power might-have, Decemviri named. But
viri, were invested with the supreme authority. These
cum primo anno bene egissent,
when first in-year well they-might-have-done,
during the first year conducted themselves satisfactorily; but
secundo unus ex iis, Appius Claudius, Virginii
in-second one from them, Appius Claudius, of-Virginius
in the second, one of them, Appius Claudius, sought to
cujusdam, qui honestis jam stipendiis contra Latinos
a-certain, who honorable now with-wages against the-Latins
violate the virgin daughter of a certain Virginius, who was at
in monte Algido militabat, filiam virginem cor-
in mount Algtdum was-being-a- soldier, daughter virgin to-
that time filling an honorable post on military service in
rumpere voluit, quam pater occidit, ne stuprum
violate wished, whom father slew, lest rape
mount Algidum ; but the father slew her with his own hands, to
C
18 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

a deceraviro sustineret; et, regressus

from the-decemvir she-might-sustain ; and, having-gune-back
preserve her from the lust of the decemvir ; and returning
ad milites, movit tumultum. Sub-
to soldiers, moved tumult. Having-
to the army, raised an insurrection among the soldiers. The
lata est decemviris potestas, ipsique dam-
been-taken-away is to-tbe-dccemviri power, themselves-and having-
decemviri were deprived of their power, and
nati sunt. .
been-condemned are.
condemned.
Anno trecentesimo decimo quinto ab urbe
Iu-vear three-hundredth tenth fifth from the-city
In the three hundred and fifteenth year from the founding of
condita, Fidenates contra Roraanos rebellaverunt.
put-together, the-Fidenates against the-Romans warred-again.
the city, the , Fidenates rebelled against the Romans.
Auxilium praestabant his Veientes et, rex Veien-
Help were-affording to-these the- Veientes and, king of-the-Vei-
They were assisted by the Veientes and their
tium, Tolumnius ; quae ambae civitates tam vicinae
entes, Tolumnius ; which both cities so near
king Tolumnius; these two states are so near
urbi sunt, ut Fidenae septimo, Veientes octavo
to-the-city are, that Fidenae seventh, the-Veientes eighth
to Rome, that Fidenee is only seven, Veii only
decimo milliario, absint. Conjunxerunt se his
tenth by-mile, may-be-away. Joined-together themselves to-these
eighteen miles distant. The Volsci also joined
et Volsci ; sed Marco iEmilio dictatore, Lucio
and the-Volsci; but by-Marcus ^Emilius dictator, Lucius
them; but were defeated by Marcus iEmilius the dictator,
Quintio Cincinnato magistro equitum, victi, etiam
Quintius Cincinnatus master of-horsemen, conquered, also
and Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus the master of the horse, and lost
rege'm perdiderunt. Fidenae captae et ex-
king tbey-lost. FidensB taken and cut-
also their king. Fidenee was taken, and levelled to the
 LIBER PRIMUS. 19

cisEe. Post viginti inde annos, Veientani rebel-

down. After twenty thence years, the-Veientani warred-
ground. Twenty years afterwards, the people of Veii re-
laverunt. Dictator contra ipsos missus est Furius
again. Dictator against them having-been-sent is Furius
belled. Furius Camillus was sent as dictator against
Camillus, qui primum vicit eos acie ; mox " etiam
Camillus, who at-first conquered them in-edge ; soon also
them, who first defeated them in battle; and then
civitatem diu obsidens cepit, antiquissimam
city for-a-long-time sitting-against he-took, most-antient
after a long siege captured their city, the oldest
Italiaeque ditissimam. Post eam cepit et Faliscos,
of-Italy-and richest. After it he-took and Falisci,
and richest in Italy. He next captured Falisci,
non minus nobilem civitatem. Sed commota
not less noble city. But having-been-stirred-up
a city of no less note. But an odium being
est ei invidia, quasi praedam male
is to-him envy, as-if prey badly
raised against him, on the ground that he had made an unfair
, . divisisset ; damnatusque ob eam causam
he-mightrhave-dinded ; having-been-condemned-and for that cause
distribution of the booty, .he was condemned on that
et expulsus civitate est.
and having-been-driven-out from-city he-is.
charge and banished.
Statim Galli Senones ad urbem venerunt ; et
Immediately the-Galli " Senones to the-city came ; and
Soon after the Galli Senones marched towards Rome ; and
victos Romanos undecimo milliario ab urbe
having-been-conquered. tlte-Romans eleventh by-mile from city
having conquered . the - Romans at the river Allia,
Roma apud flumen Alliam secuti, etiam urbem
Rome at river Allia having-followed, also the-city
eleven miles from the city, pursued them, and possessed thern-
occupaverunt ; neque defendi quidquam nisi
they-seized-upon ; neither to-be-defended any-thing unless
selves of the city itself ; no part of which could withstand them,
20 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

capitolium potuit, quod cum diu obsedis-

tbe-capitol could, which when for-a-long-time they-rnight-have-sat-
except the capitol ; this had been besieged for a considerable
sent, et jam Romani fame labo-
against, and now the-Romans with-hunger might-be-
period, and the Romans were already suffering the extremity of
rarent, a Camillo, qui in vicina civitate exulabat,
laboring, from Carnillus, who in near city was-an-eiUe,
famine, when Camillus, who was in exile in a neighbouring city,
Gallis superventum est, gravissimeque vic-
to-tbe-Gauls having-been-come-upon it-is, most-heavily-and having-been-
attacked the Gauls unexpectedly, and inflicted a severe
ti sunt : postea tamen, accepto etiam auro,
conquered they-are : afterwards yet, having-been-received also gold,
defeat ; afterwards, by a sum of gold they were induced
ne capitolium obsiderent, recesserunt ; sed secu-
lest the-capitol they-might-sit-against, they-retreated ; but having-
to relinquish the siege of the capitol, and to retreat ; Camillus,
tus eos Camillus ita cecidit, ut et aurum,
followed them Camillus so cut, that and gold,
however pursued them, and, routing them with great slaughter, re-
quod his datum fuerat, et omnia, quae ceperant,
which to-these given had-been, and all, which they-had-taken,
covered both the gold which had been given to them, and all the tro-
militaria signa revocaret. Ita, tertio triumphans,
military ensigns he-might-recall. So, thrice triumphing,
phies of war which they had taken. Thus he entered the city
urbem ingressus est ; et appellatus Secundus Ro-
the-city having-entered he-is ; and called second Ro-
for the third time in triumph ; and, as if he had also been the
mulus, quasi et ipse patriae con-
mulus, as-if also self of-country the-putter-
founder of the empire, received the appellation of a second
ditor.
together.
Romulus.
 LIBER SECUNDUS.
BOOK SECOND.
THE SECOND BOOK.

Anno trecentesimo sexagesimo quinto ab urbe

In-year three-hundredth sixtieth fifth from city
In the three hundred and sixty-fifth year from the
condita, post captain autem primo,
put-together, after taken but first,
foundation of the city, but the first after its capture by the Gauls,
dignitates mutatae sunt, et pro
dignities having-been-changed are, and for
the form of government underwent a change ; and instead of
duobus consulibus facti tribuni militares consular!
two consuls made tribunes military consular
two consuls, military tribunes, invested with consular power, were
potestate. Hinc jam coepit Romana res cres-
with- power. Hence now began Roman thing to-
created. From this time the Roman empire began to gather
cere; nam Gamillus eo anno Volscorum civi-
grow; for Camillua that in-year of-the-Volsci ci-
gtrength ; for Camillus that very year reduced the city of the
tatem, quae per septuaginta annos bellum gesserat,
ty, which through seventy years war had-carried,
Volsci, which had harassed them with a war for seventy
vicit, et JEquorum urbem et Sutrinorum ; atque
conquered, and of-the-iEqui city and of-the-Sutrini ; and
years; also the cities of the iEqui and Sutrini; and,
omnes, deletis eorum exercitibus, oecupavit;
all, having-been-blotted-out their armies, seiied-upon ;
defeating their armies, took possession of them all;
22 EUTROPII HI6TORIA.

et tres simul triumphos egit. Titus eti-

and three at-the-same-time triumphs did. Titus al
and thus enjoyed three triumphs at the same time. Titus Quin-
am Quintius Cincinnatus Praenestinos, qui usque ad
so Quintius Cincinnatus the-Praenestini, who as-far-as to
tiu s Cincinnatus also, having pursued the Praenestini, who
urbis Romae portas bello venerant, prosecutus, ad
of-city of-Rome gates in-war had-come, having-followed, to
had advanced in a hostile manner to the very gates of Rome, de-
flumen Alliam vicit, et civitates, quae sub ipsis
river Allia conquered, and cities, which under them
feated them near the river Allia, annexing the cities that were
agebant, Romanis adjunxit ; ipsum Praeneste
were-doing, to -Romans joined-to ; self Pr«neste
under their dominion to the Roman empire ; and marching to
aggressus, in deditionem accepit; quae omnia
having-marched-to, into surrender he-received ; . which all
Praeneste itself, took it by surrender ; all which exploits
ab eo gesta sunt viginti diebus ; triumphus-
from him having-been-carried are twenty in-days ; . triumph-
were achieved by him in the space of twenty days, and for them
que ipsi decretus.
and to-him decreed. »
a triumph was decreed him. , -
Verum dignitas tribunorum militarium non diu
But dignity of-tribunes military not for-a-long-time
But the dignity of military tribunes did not last
perseveravit ; nam post aliquantum nullos placuit
continued ; for after somewhat none it-pleased
long ; for after a short time it was enacted that no
fieri; et quadriennium ita in urbe
to-be-made ; and the-space-of-four-years so in city
more should be created ; and thus four years elapsed in the
fluxit, ut potestates ibi majores non essent.
flowed, that powers there greater not might-be.
state, without being governed by any of the greater officers.
Resumpserunt tamen tribuni militares consulari
Took-again yet tribunes military consular
The military tribunes, however, , resumed their dignity
 LIBER SKCUNDUS. 23

potestate iterum dignitatem, et triennio '

with-power again dignity, and by-the-space-of-three-years
with consular authority, and continued it for three
perseveraverunt. Rursus consules facti.
continued. Again consuls made.
years, when consuls were again elected.
Lucio Genucio et Quinto Servilio consulibus,
Lucius Genucius and Quintus Servitius consuls,
Lucius ' Genucius and Quintus Servilius being consuls,
mortuus est Camillus : honor ei secundus post Ro-
having-died is Camillus : honor to-him second after Ro-
Camillus died ; and was honored in the second
mulum delatus est.
mulus having-been-brought-down is.
place after Romulus.
Titus Quintius dictator adversus Gallos, qui in
Titus Quintius dictator against the-Gauls, who into
Titus Quintius was sent out as dictator against the Gauls,
Italiam venerant, missus est. Hi ab urbe quarto
Italy had-come, having-been-sent is. These from the-city fourth
,who had marched into Italy; and had encamped about
milliario trans Anienem fluvium consederant. No-
by-mile over Anien river had-sat-together. Most-
four miles from the city on the other side of the river Anien. Ti-
bilissimus de senatoribus Titus Manlius, provo-
noble from senators Titus Manlius, calling-
. tus Manlius, one of the noblest of the senators, encoun-
cantem Galium ad singulare certamen congressus,
forth a-Gaul to single combat having-met-with,J
tered and slew a Gaul who had challenged him to single
occidit; et, sublato torque aureo, colloque
slew ; and, having-been-taken-away collar golden, to-neck-andl
combat; from whose neck having taken off a chain of gold and
suo imposito, in perpetuum Torquati sibi et
his-own having-been-put-on.into perpetual of-Torquatus to-himself and
put it on his own, he obtained the lasting appellation of Tor-
posteris cognomen accepit. Galli fugati
to-posterity surname he-received. The-Gauls having-been-put-to-flight
quatus to himself and his posterity. The Gauls were
24 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

sunt : mox per Caium Sulpicium dictatorem etiam

are : soon through Caius Sulpicius dictator also
routed ; and soon afterwards entirely defeated by Caius Sulpicius
victi. Nbn multd post a Caio Marcio Thusci
conquered. Not much afterwards from Caius Marcius the-Tuscans
the dictator. Shortly after that the Tuscans were defeated
victi sunt : septem millia captivorum ex
having-been-conquered are : seven thousands of-captives from
by Caius Marcius : and seven thousand being taken pri-
his in triumphum ducti.
these into triumph led.
soners were led in triumph.
Census iterum habitus est : et cum Latini, qui
A-census again having-been-had is: and when the-Latin3, who
A census was again taken ; and the Latins, who had
a Romanis subacti erant, milites praestare
from the-Romans having-been-driven-under were, soldiers to-supply
been subdued by the Romans, refusing to furnish
nollent, ex Romanis tantum tirones lecti
might-be-unwilling, from the-Romans only recruits having-been-chosen
troops, recruits were levied from among the Romans
sunt, factaeque legiones decem, qui modus sexaginta
are, made-and legions ten, which measure sixty
only, and ten legions were thus raised, making sixty thou-
vel amplius armatorum millia efficiebat : parvis ad-
or more of-armed thousands made-up : little hi-
sand righting men and upwards : so great was
huc Romanis rebus, tanta tamen in re militari vir-
therto Roman things, so-great yet in thing military vir-
the power of the Romans in war, while their empire was as yet
tus erat. Quae cum profectae essent adversus
tue was. Which when having-gone-forththey-might-be against
but small. These troops having marched out against
Gallos, duce Lucio Furio Camillo, qui-
the-Uauls, leader Lucius Furius Camillns, a-ccr-
the Gauls, under the conduct of Lucius Furius Camillus, one
dam ex Gallis unum e Romanis, qui esset optimus,
tain from the-Gauls one from the-Romans, who might-be best,
of the Gauls challenged the most valiant among the Ro
 LIBER SKCUNDUS. 25

provocavit. Tum se Marcus Valerius, tribunus

called-forth. Then himself Marcus Valerius, tribune
mans to singlecombat. Accordingly Marcus Valerius, atribuneof
militum, obtulit ; et cum processisset
of-soldiers, brought-forward ; and when he-inight-have-gone-forth
the soldiers, accepted the challenge; and as he advanced equipped
armatus, corvus ei supra dextrum brachium sedit.
armed, crow to-him above right arm sat.
for combat, a crow settled upon his right shoulder.
Mox, commissa adversus Galium pugna,
Presently, having-been-sent-together against the-Gaul fight,
During the encounter also,
idem corvus alis et unguibus Galli oculos
the-same crow with-wings and with-nails of-the-Gaul eyes
the same crow, with his wings and talons, so furiously assaulted the
verberavit, ne rectum posset aspicere : ita ut,
beat, that-not rightly he-might-be-able to-look-at ; so that,
eyes of the Gaul, that he was not able to see before him; andthus
'a tribuno Valerio interfectus, non solum vic-
from tribune Valerius . killed, not only vic-
was quickly slain by the tribune Valerius, who obtained on this
toriam ei, sed etiam nomen, dederit; nampost-
tory to-him, but also name, he-may-have-given ; for after-
occasion not only a victory, but an appellation; being ever
ea idem Corvinus est dictus, ac propter hoc
wards the-same Corvinus is having-been-called, and on-account-of this
afterwards called Corvinus; for the same ser-
meritum annorum trium et viginti consul est
merit of-years three and twenty consul is
vice also, at the age of three and twenty, he was made
factus.
having-been-made.
consul.
Latini, qui noluerant milites dare, hoc quoque
The-Latins, who had-been-unwilling soldiers to-give, this also
The Latins, who had refused to furnish troops, began also to
a Romanis exigere coeperunt, ut unus consul ex
from the-Romans to-exact began, that one consul from
make this demand upon the Romans, that one of the consuls
D
26 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

eorum, alter ex Romanorum populo, crearetur ;

of-them, the-other from of-the-Romans people, might-be-created ;
should be elected from them, the other from the Roman people :
quod cum esset negatum, bellum contra eos
which when it-might-be denied, war against them
this demand was rejected, and war declared
susceptum est, et ingenti pugna superati
having-been-taken-up is, and vast with-fight having-been-overcome
against them ; they were defeated in a considerable
sunt ; ac de his perdomitis triumphatum est.
they-are ; and from these thoroughly-tamed having-been-triumphed it-is.
battle, and a triumph was granted on account of this success.
Statuae consulibus ob meritum victoriae in rostris
Statues to-consuls for merit of-victory in beaks
Statues were erected to the consuls, in the rostra, for the service
positae sunt.
having-been-placed are.
conferred on the state by this victory.
Jam Romani potentes esse coeperant ; bellum
Now the-Romans powerful to-be began ; war.
At this time the Romans began to be powerful ; for a
enim in centesimo et tricesimo fere milliario ab urbe
for. in hundredth and thirtieth almost mile from the-city
war was carried on against the Samnites, who hold a middle
apud Samnites gerebatur, qui medii sunt inter
at the-Samnites was-carried, who middle are between
situation between Picene, Campania, and Apulia, at the distance
Picenum, Campaniam, et Apuliam. Lucius
Picenum, Campania, and Apulia. Lucius
of nearly a hundred and thirty miles from the city. Lucius
Papirius Cursor cum honore dictatoris ad id bellum
Papirius Cursor with honor of-dictator to that war
Papirius Cursor having proceeded on that war with the
profectus est, qui, cum Romam rediisset,
having-gone-forth is, who, when Rome he-might-have-gone-back,
rank of dictator, gave orders, on his return to Rome,
Quinto Fabio Maximo, magistro equitum, quern
to-Quintus Fabius Maximus, to-master of-horsemen, whom
to Quintus Fabius Maximus, the master of the horse, whom
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 27

apud exercitum reliquit, praecepit ne se ab-

at army he-left-behind, he-gave-directions that-not himself being-
he left in charge of the army, not to fight during
sente pugnaret. Ille, occasione re-
away he-might-fight. He, opportunity having-
his absence. He however, taking advantage of a favorable
perta, felicissime dimicavit et Samnites
been-found, most-happily fought and the-Samnites
opportunity, engaged the Samnites and defeated them with great
delevit; ob quam rem a dictatore capitis dam-
blotted-out; for which thing from dictator of-head having-
slaughter; for which breach of his commands he was
natus, quod se vetante pugnasset ; ingenti
been-condemned, because himself forbidding he-might-have-fought ; vast
condemned to death by the dictator, but was
favore militum et populi liberatus est,
'with-favor of-soldiers and of-people having-been-freed he-is,
released by the powerful interposition of the soldiers and people,
tanta Papirio seditione commota, ut pene
so-great to-Papirius sedition having-been-moved-together, that almost
so great a tumult having been excited against Papirius, that he
interficeretur.
he-might-be-killed.
himself was almost slain.
Postea Samnites Romanes, Tito Veturio et Spurio
Afterwards the-Samnites the-Romans, Titus Veturius and Spurius
The Samnites afterwards, in the consulate of Titus Veturius and
Posthumio consulibus, ingenti dedecore vicerunt,
Posthumias consuls, vast with-disgrace conquered,
Spurius Posthumius, defeated the Romans with signal ignominy,
et sub jugum miserunt. Pax tamen a
and under yoke sent. Peace yet from
and compelled them to pass under the yoke. The peace however
senatu et populo soluta est, quae cum ipsis prop- \
senate and people having-been-loosed is, which with them ou-ac-
which had been concluded with them through mere necessity was
ter necessitatem facta fuerat. Postea Samnites
count-of necessity made had-been. Afterwards the-Samnites
dissolved by the senate and people. After this the Samnites
 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

victi sunt a Lucio Papirio consule ; septem

having-been-conquered are from Lucius Papirius consul ; seven
were defeated by Lucius Papirius the consul, and seven
millia eorum sub jugum missa. Papirius de
thousands of-them under yoke sent. Papirius from
thousand of them made to pass under the yoke. Papirius ob-
Samnitibus triumphavit. Eo tempore Appius
th'e-Samnites triumphed. That in-time Appius
tained a triumph for this success. About the same time Appius
Claudius censor aquam Claudiam induxit, et viam
Claudius censor water Claudian led-in, and way
Claudius, the censor, conveyed the Claudian water into the city,
Appiam stravit.
Appian strewed,
and laid the Appian way. .
Samnites, reparato bello, Quintum Fa-
The-Samnites, having-been-prepared-again war, Quintus Fa-
The Samnites, having renewed the war, defeated Quintus
bium Maximum vicerunt, tribus millibus oc-
bius Maximus conquered, three thousands having-
Fabius Maximus, and slew three thousand of his
cisis : postea, cum pater ejus Fabius Maximus
been-slain ; afterwards, when father his Fabius Maximus
troops ; after which, Fabius Maximus, his father,
legatus datus fuisset, et Samnites vicit, et
deputy given might-have-been, and the-Samnites he-conquered, and
being appointed his lieutenant, he both defeated the Samnites, and
plurima eorum oppida cepit. Deinde Publius Cor-
most of-them towns he-took. From-thence Publius Cor-
took several of their towns. Next Publius Cor
nelius Rufinus, Manius Curius Dentatus, ambo con-
nelius Rufinus, Manius Curius Dentatus, both con-
nelius Rufinus, Manius Curius Dentatus, the two con-
sules, contra Samnites missi, ingentibus praeliis
suls, against the Samnites having-been-sent, vast in-battles
suls, being sent against the Samnites, wearied them out by
eos confecere. Tum bellum cum Samniti-
them finished. Then war with the-Sam-
several considerable battles. Thus an end was put to the war
 LIBER SECUNDUS. ' 29

bus per annos novem et quadraginta actum sustu-

nites through years nine and forty done they-
with the Samnites, which had lasted for forty-nine
lerunt, neque ullus hostis fuit intra Italiam, qui Ro-
bore-up, nor any enemy was within Italy, who Ro-
years, and who had put the Roman valor to the test more
manam virtutem magis fatigaverit. -
man virtue more may-have-tired,
than any enemy within the borders of Italy.
Interjectis aliquot annis, iterum se Gal-
Having-been-cast-between some years, again themselves of-
Within a few years after, the Gauls united their
lorum copire contra Romanos Thuscis Samnitibusque
Gauls forces against Romans to-Tuscans to-Samnites-and
forces with the Tuscans and Samnites against the
junxerunt; sed cum Romam tenderent, a Cneio
joined ; but when to-Rome they-might-stretch, from Cneius
Romans; but in their march to Rome were cut
Cornelio Dolabella consule deletae sunt.
Cornelius Dolabella consul having-been-blotted-out they-are.
off by Cneius Cornelius Dolabella, the consul.
Eodem tempore Tarentinis, qui jam in ultima
Same in-time to-the-Tarentini, who now in farthest
War was at the same time proclaimed against the Tarentines,
Italia sunt, bellum indictum est, quia legatis
Italy are, war having-been- proclaimed is, because to-deputies
who are still situated in the remote parts of Italy, because they had
Romanorum injuriam fecissent. Hi Pyrrhum,
of-the-Romans injury they-might-have-done. These Pyrrhus,
offered violence to the Roman ambassadors. These people
Epiri regem, contra Romanos in auxilium poposce-
of-Epirus king, against the-Romans into help demand-
called in the aid of Pyrrhus, king of
runt, qui ex genere Achillis originem tfa-
ed, who from race of-Achilles origin was-
Epirus, who derived his origin from the race of Achilles, against the
hebat. Is mox ad Italiam venit, tumque
drawing. He presently to Italy came, then-aud
Romans. He immediately passed over into Italy, and it was then
30 EUTROPII HISTOKIA.

primum Romani cum transmarine- hoste dimicaverunt.

firstly the-Romans with from-across-the-sea enemy fought.
that the Romans fought for the first time against a foreign enemy.
Missus est contra eum consul Publius Valerius
Having-been-sent is against him consul Publius Valerius
Publius Valerius Laevinus, the consul, was sent against
Lffivinus, qui, cum exploratores Pyrrhi cepisset,
Lsevinus, who, when spies of-Pyrrhus he-might-have-taken,
him ; who, having seized some spies of Pyrrhus,
jussit eos per castra duci, ostendique omnem
commanded them through camp to-be-led, to-be-shown-and all
ordered them to be led through the camp, and the whole army to be
exercitum, tumque dimitti, ut renun-
army, then-and to-be-dimissed, that they-might-carry-
exhibited to them, and then to be dismissed, that they might
ciarent Pyrrho quaecunque a Romanis agerentur.
word-back to-Pyrrhus whatsoever from Romans might-be-done.
report to Pyrrhus all the plans of the Romans.
Commissa mox pugna, cum jam Pyrrhus
Having-been-sent-together presently fight, when now Pyrrhus
An engagement taking place soon after, Pyrrhus, when on the
fugeret, elephantorum auxilio vicit, quos
might-flee, of-elephants by-help he-conquered, which
point of fleeing, conquered by means of his elephants, at the sight of
incognitos Romani expa-
unknown the-Romans feared-
which the Romans, who were unacquainted with them, were greatly
verunt; sed nox praelio finem dedit. Lasvinus
much ; but night to-battle end gave. Ltevinus
terrified ; but night put an end to the battle. Laevinus
tamen per noctem fugit. Pyrrhus Romanos mille
yet through night fled. Pyrrhus Romans thousand
however fled during the night. Pyrrhus took a thousand eight
octingentos cepit, eosque summo honore trac-
eight-hundred took, them-and highest with-honor han-
hundred Romans prisoners, and treated them with the greatest
tavit : occisos sepelivit ; quos cum adverso vulnere
died : slain he-buried ; whom when opposite with-wound
honor; the slain he buried; on observing these lying dead, all
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 31

et truci vultu mortuos jacere vidisset, tu-

and fierce with-countenance dead to-lie he-might-have-seen, to-
with their wounds in front and with stern countenances, he
lisse ad coelum manus dicitur cum hac
have-borne to heaven hands he-is-said with this
is said to have lifted up his hands to heaven, exclaim-
voce, se totius orbis dominum esse potuisse, si
voice, himself whole of-globe lord to-be to-have-been-able, if
ing, that he could have made himself master of the whole world, if
tales sibi milites contigissent.
such to-himself soldiers might-have-touched-together.
such soldiers had fallen to his lot.
Postea Pyrrhus, junctis sibi Samnitibus,
Afterwards Pyrrhus, having-been-joined to-himself the-Samnites,
Pyrrhus afterwards, in conjunction with the Samnites,
Lucanis, Brutiisque, Romam perrexit. Omnia
the-Lucani, the-Brutii-and, Rome he-went. All
Lucanians, and the Brutii, advanced towards Rome. He laid
ferro igneque vastavit; Campaniam depopulatus est;
with-iron fire-and he-laid-waste ; Campania having-depopulated he-is ;
all waste with fire and sword, depopulated Campania,
atque ad Praeneste venit, milliario ab urbe octavo
and to Praeneste came, by-mile from city eighth
and arrived at Preeneste, eighteen miles from
decimo. Mox terrore exercitus, qui eum cum
tenth. Presently by-terror of-army, which him with
Rome. Soon through fear of the army which pursued him
consule sequebatur, in Campaniam se recepit.
consul was following, into Campania himself he-took-back.
with a consul at its head, he fell back upon Campania.
Legati, ad Pyrrhum de redimendis
Deputies, to Pyrrhus from to-be-redeemed
The ambassadors, who were commissioned to treat with Pyrrhus
captivis missi, ab eo honorifice sus-
captives sent, from him honorably having-
respecting the ransom of the captives, were honorably entertained
cepti sunt: captivos sine pretio Romam
been-taken-up are : captives without price Rome
by him, and the captives sent back to Rome without
32 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

misit. Unum ex legatis Romanorum, Fabricium

he-sent. One from deputies of-the-Romans, Fabricius
payment. Fabricius, one of the Roman ambassadors,
sic admiratus est, ut cum eum pauperem esse cog-
so having-admired he-is, that when him poor to-be he-might-
he admired so much, that, understanding he was
novisset, quarta parte regni promissa, solicitare
have-known, fourth part of-kingdom baving-been-sent-forth, to-solicit
poor, he endeavoured to win him over to his cause even with
voluerit ut ad se transiret, contemp-
he-may-have-wished that to himself he-might-go-over, having-been-
the promise of a fourth part of his kingdom, but the offer was re-
tusque a Fabricio est. Quare, cum Pyrrhus
despised-and from Fabricius he-is. Wherefore, when Pyrrhus
jected with disdain by Fabricius. Pyrrhus therefore, being
ingenti Romanorum admiratione teneretur, legatum
vast of-Romans with-admiration might-be-held, deputy
struck with the greatest admiration of the Romans, sent as am-
misit, qui pacem aequis conditionibus peteret,
he-sent, who peace equal with-conditions might-seek,
bassador, Cineas, the principal person about him,
praecipuum virum, Cineam nomine ; ita ut Pyr-
chief man, Cineas by-name ; so that Pyr-
to sue for peace on reasonable terms ; provided that he
rhus partem Italiae, quam jam armis occupa-
rhus part of-Italy, which now with-arms be-had-seized-
should remain possessed of that part of Italy, of which he had al-
verat, obtineret. Pax displicuit,
upon, might-hold. Peace displeased,
ready become master in the war. The terms were not satisfactory,
remandatumque Pyrrho a senatu est, eum cum
having-been-commanded-back-and to-Pyrrhus from senate it-is, him with
and the senate returned for answer to Pyrrhus, that he
Romanis, nisi ex Italia recessisset, pacem ha-
Romans, unless from Italy he-might-have-gone-back, peace to-
could have no peace with. the Romans, unless he
bere non posse. Tum Romani jusserunt captivos
have not to-be-able. Then the-Romani commanded captives
retired from Italy. The Romans then ordered all the
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 33

omnes, quos Pyrrhus reddiderat, infames haberi,

all, whom Pyrrhus had-given-back, without-character to-be-had,
prisoners whom Pyrrhus had sent back to be considered infamous,
qui se armis defendere potuissent,
who themselves with-arms to-defend might-have-been-able,
as being persons who might have defended themselves by arms,
nec ante eos ad veterem statum reverti, quam
nor before them to old state to-return, than
and not to be restored to their former rank, until
sibi notorum hostium occisorum spolia retu-
to-themselves known of-enemies slain spoils they-
they had produced the spoils of some enemies whom they were
lissent. Ita legatus Pyrrhi re-
might-have-brought-back. So deputy of-Pyrrhns having-
known to have slain. Thus the ambassador of Pyrrhus re-
versus est ; a quo cum quaereret Pyrrhus qualem
returned is ; from whom when might-ask Pyrrhus of-what-sort
turned ; and being asked by him what kind of a place he
Romam comperisset, Cineas dixit, regum se patri-
Rome he-might-have-found, Cineas said, of-kings himself conn-
had found Rome to be, Cineas replied, that he had seen the
am vidisse ; scilicet tales illic esse omnes, qua-
try to-have-seen ; that-is-to-say such there to-be all, of-what-
country of kings ; for that all there were such, as
lis unus Pyrrhus apud Epirum et reliquam Graeciam
sort one Pyrrhus at Epirus and rest-of Greece
Pyrrhus alone was considered to be in Epirus and the rest of
putaretur.
might-be-thought.
Greece.
Missi sunt contra Pyrrhum duces Publius
Having-been-sent are against Pyrrhus leaders Publius
Publius Sulpicius and Decius Mus the consuls were sent
Sulpicius et Decius Mus consules. Certamine com-
Sulpicius and Decius Mus consuls. Contest having-
out as generals against Pyrrhus. A battle
misso, Pyrrhus vulneratus est; elephanti in-
been-sent-together, Pyrrhus having-beeH-wounded is ; elephants kill-
ensuing, Pyrrhus was wounded ; his elephants
E
34 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

terfecti ; viginti millia caesa hostium, et ex Romanis

ed; twenty thousands cut of-enemies, and from Romans
killed; twenty thousand of the enemy slain, and only five
tantum quinque millia. Pyrrhus Tarentum fu-
only five thousands. Pyrrhus Tarentum having-been-
thousand of the Romans. Pyrrhus was driven to
gatus.
made-to-flee.
Tarentum.
Interjecto anno contra Pyrrhum Fabricius
Having-been-cast-between year against Pyrrhus Fabricius
The year after, Fabricius was sent out against
est missus, qui prius inter legatos solicitari
is having-been-sent, who before between deputies to-be-solicited
Pyrrhus, the same who being before among the ambas-
non potuerat, quarta parte regni
not bad-been-able, fourth part of-kingdom
sadors, could not be won with a promise of the fourth part of
promissa. Tum, cum vicina castra ipse et rex
having-been-sent-forth. Then, when neighbouring camp self and king
his kingdom. Their camps lying at no great
haberet, medicus Pyrrhi ad eum nocte venit,
might-have, physician of-Pyrrhus to him by-night came,
distance, the physician of Pyrrhus came to Fabricius by night,
promittens veneno Pyrrhum occisurum, , si sibi
sending-forth by-poison Pyrrhus about-to-kill, if to-himself
offering to dispatch Pyrrhus by poison, if he would
aliquid polliceretur ; quem Fabricius vinctum re-
something he-might-promise ; whom Fabricius bound to-be-
engage to remunerate him ; upon which Fabricius ordered him to be
duci jussit ad dominum, Pyrrhoque
led-back commanded to lord, to-Pyrrhus-and
conveyed back in chains to his master, and that Pyrrhus should be
dici, quae contra caput ejus medicus spospon-
to-be-said, which against head of-him physician might-have-
informed what proposals the physician had made against his
disset. Tum rex, admirans eum, dixisse fer-
covenanted. Then king, admiring him, to-have-said is-
life. The king then, struck with admiration, is reported to
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 35

tur, " Ille est Fabricius, qui difficilius ab ho-

borne, " He it* Fabricius, who more-difficultly from ho-
have said, " That excellent Fabricius is a man whom it would be
nestate, quam sol a cursu suo, averti
nesty, than sun from course bis-own, to-be-turned-away
more difficult to divert from the path of honor, than the sun from
potest." Tum rex in Siciliam profectus est.
is-able." Then king into Sicily having-gone-forward is.
its course." Then Pyrrhus departed for Sicily.
Fabricius, victis Samnitibus et Lucanis, tri-
Fabricius, having-been-conquered the-Samnites and the-Lucani, tri-
Fabricius, having defeated the Samnites and Lucanians, ob-
umphavit.
umphed.
tained a triumph.
Consules deinde Manius Curius Dentatus et
Consuls froru-thence Manius Curius Dentatus and
Manius Curius Dentatus and Cornelius Lentulus, the
Cornelius Lentulus adversum Pyrrhum missi
Cornelius Lentulus opposite-to Pyrrhus having-been-sent
consuls, next proceeded against Pyr-
sunt, et Curius contra eum pugnavit; exercitum
are, and Curius against him fought; army
rhus; and Curius, having come to an engagement, cut off
ejus cecidit; ipsum Tarentum fugavit; castra
his cut ; self Tarentum made-to-flee ; camp
his army, drove him to Tarentum, and took
cepit. Ea die caesa sunt hostium viginti tria
took. That in-day cut are of-enemies twenty three
his camp. On that day twenty-three thousand of the enemy were
millia. Curius Dentatus in consulatu triumphavit.
thousands. Curius Dentatus in consulate triumphed,
slain. Curius Dentatus triumphed in his consulate.
Primus Romam elephantos quatuor
First Rome elephants four
He was the first that brought elephants to Rome, of which
duxit. Pyrrhus etiam a Tarento mox re-
he-led. Pyrrhus also from Tarentum presently went-
he took four. Pyrrhus also soon left Ta-
36 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

cessit, et apud Argos, Graeciae civitatem, occisus

back, and at Argos, of-Grecce city, having-been-slain
rentum, and was slain at Argos, a city of
est.
is.
Greece.
Caio Fabricio Luscino, Caio Claudio Cinna con-
Caius Fabriciua Luscinus, Caius Claudius Cinna con-
Caius Fabricius Luscinus and Caius Claudius Cinna being
sulibus, anno urbis conditae quadringentesimo sexa-
suls, in-year of-city put-together four-hundredth six-
consuls, in the four hundred and sixty-first year
gesimo primo, legati Alexandrini, a Ptolemaeo
tieth first, deputies Alexandrine, from Ptolemy
of the city, ambassadors, dispatched by Ptolemy from
missi, Romam venere, et a Roraanis amicitiam,
sent, Rome came, and from Romans friendship,
Alexandria, came to Rome, and obtained from the Romans
quam petierant, obtinuerunt.
which they-had-sought, obtained.
the friendship which they desired.
Quintio Gulone, Caio Fabio Pictore consulibus,
Quintius Gulo, Caius Fabius Pictor consuls,
Quintius Gulo and Caius Fabius Pictor being consuls,
Picentes bellum commovere, et ab insequentibus
the-Picentes war moved-together, and from following
the Picentes commenced a war, and were conquered by
consulibus, Publio Sempronio, Appio Claudio,
consuls, Publius Sempronius, Appius Claudius,
the succeeding consuls Publius Sempronius and
victi sunt ; et de his triumphatum est.
having-been-conquered are ; and from these having-been-triumphed it-is.
Appius Claudius, to whom a triumph was granted.
Conditae a Romanis civitates Ariminum in Gallia
Put-together from Romans cities Ariminum in Gaul
Two cities were founded by the Romans, Ariminum in Gaul,
et Beneventum in Samnio.
and Beneventum in Samnium.
and Beneventum in Samnium.
 L1BBR SECUNDUS. 37

Marco Attilio Regulo, Lucio Junio Libone con-

Marcus Attilius Regulus, Lucius Junius Libo con-
Marcus Attilius Regulus and Lucius Junius Libo being
sulibus, Salentinis in Apulia bellum indictum
suls, to-the-Salentini in Apulia war having-been-proclaimed
consuls, war was declared against the Salentines in Apu-
est, captique sunt cum civitate simul Brun-
is, having-been-taken-and are with city at-the-same-time the-Brun-
lia, and the Brundusians together with their city were
dusini ; et de his triumphatum est.
dusians ; and from these having-been-triumphed it-is.
captured, and a triumph granted on the occasion.
Anno quadringentesimo septuagesimo septimo,
In-year four-hundredth seventieth seventh,
In the four hundred and seventy-seventh year of the city,
cum jam clarum urbis Romae nomen esset, arma
when now bright of-city of-Rome name might-be, arms
although the Roman name had now become famous, yet
tamen extra Italiam mota non fuerant. Ut igi-
yet out-of Italy moved not had-been.' Xhat there-
theirarms had not been carried out of Italy. In order there-
tur cognosceretur, quae copiae Romanorum essent,
fore it-might-be-known, what forces of-Romans might-be,
fore to ascertain what the forces of the Romans were,
census est habitus. Tum inventa sunt civium
a-census is having-been-had. Then having-been-found are of-citizeus
a census was taken. Accordingly the number of citizens ap-
capita bis centum nonaginta duo millia, tre-
heads twice hundred ninety two thousands, three-
peared to be two hundred and ninety - two thousand, three
centa et triginta tria, quanquam a condita
hundred and thirty three, although from put-together
hundred and thirty - three, although from the founding of
urbe nunquam bella cessassent. Et contra Afros
city never wars might-have-ceased. And against Africans
the city there had been no cessation from war. The first foreign war
bellum susceptum est primum, Appio Claudio et
war having-bceu-undertaken is the-first, Appius Claudius and
was undertaken against the Africans, in the consulate of
38 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Quinto Fulvio consulibus. In Sicilia contra

Quintus Fulvius consuls. In Sicily against
Appiua Claudius and Quintus Fulvius. A battle was fought
eos pugnatum est; et Appius Claudius de
them having-been-fought it-is ; and Appius Claudius from
in Sicily; and Appius Claudius obtained a tri-
Afris et, rege Sicilian, Hierone triumphavit.
Africans and king of-Sicily Hiero triumphed,
umph for a victory over the Africans and Hiero king of Sicily.
Insequenti anno, Valerio Marco et Octacilio con-
Following in-year, Valerius Marcus and Octacilius con-
In the year following, Valerius Marcus and Octacilius being
sulibus, in Sicilia a Romanis res magnae gestae
suls, in Sicily from Romans things great having- been-carried
consuls, the Romans met with singular success in
sunt. Taurominitani, Catanenses, et praeterea
are. The-Taurominitani, the-Catanenses, and besides
Sicily. The Taurominitani, Catanenses, and fifty
quinquaginta civitates in fidem accept* sunt. '
fifty cities into faith having-been-received are.
cities more, were received into alliance.
Tertio anno in Sicilia contra Hieronem bellum
Third in-year in Sicily against Hiero war
In the third year war was levied against Hiero
paratum est. Is cum omni nobilitate Syracu-
baving-been-prepared is. He with all nobility of-the-Syracu-
in Sicily. He with all the Syracusan
sanorum pacem a Romanis impetravit, deditque
sans peace from Romans obtained, gave-and
nobility prevailed upon the Romans to make peace, on payment of
argenti talenta ducenta. Afri in Sicilia vic-
of-silver talents two-hundred. The-Africans in Sicily having-been-
two hundred talents of silver. The Africans were defeated in
ti sunt; et de his secundd Romas triumphatum
conquered are ; and from these secondly at-Rome having-been-triumphed
Sicily ; and a triumph granted at Rome a second time on this
est.
it-is.
account.
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 39

Quinto anno belli Punici, quod contra Afros

Fifth in-year of-war Punic, which against the- Africans
In the fifth year of the Punic war, which was carried on
gerebatur, primum Romani, Caio Duilio et
was-carried, firstly the-Romans, Caius Duilius and
against the Africans, the Romans first fought at sea,
Cneio CornelioAsinoconsulibus,in maridimicaverunt,
Cneius Cornelius Asinus consuls, in sea fought,
in the consulate of Caius Duilius and Cneius Cornelius Asinus,
paratis navibus rostratis, quas
having-been-prepared ships beaked, which
having provided themselves with vessels, armed with beaks, which
Liburnas vocant. Consul Cornelius fraude decep-
Liburnian they-call. Consul Cornelius by-fraud having-been-
they term Liburnian. The consul Cornelius fell a victim to
tus est. Duilius, commisso praelio, Cartha-
deceived is. Duilius, having-been-sent-together battle, of-the-Cartha-
treachery. Duilius, giving the enemy battle, defeated
giniensium ducem vicit; triginta et unam naves
ginians leader conquered ; thirty and one ships
the Carthaginian general ; took thirty-one of their
cepit, quatuordecim mersit ; octo millia hostium
took, fourteen plunged ; eight thousands of-enemies
ships, sunk fourteen, made eight thousand
cepit, tria millia occidit : neque ulla victoria Ro-
took, three thousands slew : nor any victory to-Ro-
prisoners, and slew three thousand : nor was there ever a victory
manis gratior fuit, quod, invicti
mans more-gratetul has-been, because, unconquered
more gratifying to the Romans, who knowing themselves before
terra, jam etiam mari plurimum possent.
by-land, now also by-sea most they-might-be-able.
invincible by land, now found themselves formidable at sea also.
Caio Aquilio Floro, Lucio Scipione consulibus,
Caius Aquilius Floras, Lucius Scipio consuls,
Caius Aquilius Florus and Lucius Scipio being consuls,
Scipio Corsicam et Sardiniam vastavit ; multa
Scipio Corsica and Sardinia laid-waste; many
the latter laid waste Corsica and Sardinia; carried
 40 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

millia inde captivorum abduxit ; triumphum

thousands thence of-captiyes led-away ; triumph
away many thousand captives from thence, and obtained a

triumph.
Lucio Manlio Volsone, Marco Attilio consulibus,
Lucius Manlius Volso, Marcus Attilius consuls,
Lucius Manlius Volso and Marcus Attilius being consuls,
bellum in Africam translatum est contra Hamil-
war into Africa having- been-brought-over is against Hamil-
the war was carried over into Africa against Hamil-
carem, Carthaginiensium ducem. In mari pugna-
car, of-the-Carthaginians leader. In sea having-been-
car, the general of the Carthaginians. A naval engagement
tum, victusque est : nam perditis
fought, having-been-conquered-and be-is : for having-been-lost
was fought, and the Carthaginian defeated, and compelled to
sexaginta quatuor navibus, retro se recepit :
sixty four ships, back-again himself he-took-back :
retire with the loss of sixty-four of his ships;
Romani viginti duas amiserunt : sed cum in Africam
the-Romans twenty two sent-away : but when into Africa
the Romans lost only twenty-two : then crossing over
transiissent, primum Clypeam, Africae civita-
they-might-have-gone-over, firstly Clypea, of-Africa city,
into Africa, they first compelled Clypea,
tem, in deditionem acceperunt. Consules usque
into surrender they-received. Consuls as-far-as
a city of Africa, to surrender. The consuls ad-
ad Carthaginem processerunt ; multisque vasta-
to Carthage proceeded; many-and having-been-laid-
vanced even to Carthage ; and having destroyed
tis oppidis, Manlius victor Romam rediit, et viginti
waste towns, Manlius conqueror Rome went-back, and twenty
many towns, Manlius returned victorious to Rome, leading
septem millia captivorum reduxit. Attilius Regulus
seven thousands of-captives led-back. Attilius Regulus
with him twenty-seven thousand prisoners. Attilius Regulus
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 41

in Africa remansit. Is contra Afros aciem in-

in Africa remained. He against the-Africans edge set-
remained in Africa. He drew out his army against the
struxit : contra tres Carthaginiensium duces dirai-
in-order: against three of-the-Carthaginians leaders fight-
Africans : and fighting at the same time against three Carthaginian
cans, victor fuit; octodecim millia hostium
ing, conqueror was ; eighteen thousands of-enemies
generals, came off victorious ; slew eighteen thousand of the
cecidit, quinque millia cum octo elephantibus cepit ;
he-cut ; five thousands with eight elephants he-took \
enemy, took five thousand prisoners, with eight elephants ;
septuaginta quatuor civitates in fidem accepit. Tum
seventy four cities into faith he-received. Then
and received seventy-four cities into alliance. The
victi Carthaginienses pacem a Romanis petferunt,
conquered the-Carthaginians peace from the-Uomans sought,
vanquished Carthaginians then sued for peace,
quam cum Regulus nollet nisi durissimis con-
which when Regulus might-be-unwilling unless hardest with-
which Regulus refusing to grant except upon the
ditionibus dare, Afri auxilium a Lacedaemoniis
conditions to-give, the-Africans help from the-Lacedaemoniang
severest conditions, the Africans applied to the Lacedaemonians for
petierunt, et duce Xantippo qui a Lacedae-
sought, and by-leader Xantippus who from the-Lacedee-
assistance, and under their leader Xantippus, who had been sent
moniis missus fuerat, Romanorum dux Regulus
monians sent had-been, of-the-Romans leader Regulus
by the Lacedaemonians, Regulus the Roman general
victus est ultima pernicie; nam duo
having-been-conquered is last with-destruction ; for two
was overthrown with a very great slaughter; two thousand
millia hominum tantum ex omni Romano exercitu,
thousands of-men , only from all Roman army
men only remaining of all the Roman
remanserunt ; quindecim millia cum imperatore Re-
remained ; fifteen thousands with Commander Re-
army ; fifteen thousand with theircommander Re-
F
43 EUTROPU HISTORIA.

gulo capta sunt, triginta millia occisa ; Regulus

gu'.us having-been-taken are, thirty thousands slain ; Regulus
gulus were taken prisoners, thirty thousand slain; and Regulus
ipse in catenas conjectus.
himself into chains cast,
himself thrown into prison.
Marco iEmilio Paulo, Servio Fulvio Nobiliore
Marcus vEmilius Pau'us, Servius Fulvius Nobilior
Marcus iEmilius Paulus and Servius Fulvius Nobilior
consulibus, ambo consules Romani Africam pro
consuls, both consuls Roman Africa having-gone-
being consuls, both the Roman consuls set sail for
fecti sunt ; cum trecentarum navium classe Clypeam
forth are ; with three-hundred of-ships fleet Clypea
Africa ; bend their course for Clypea with a fleet of three
petunt, et contra Carthaginienses venerunt.
they-seek, and against tbe-Carthaginians came.
hundred ships, and advance against Carthage.
Primum Afros navali certamine superant. iEmilius
Firstly the-Africans naval in-contest they-overcome. ./Emiliua
First they overcome the Africans in a sea-fight. iEmilius
consul centum et quatuor naves hostium demersit,
consul hundred and four ships of-enemies plunged-down,
the consul sunk a hundred and four of the enemy's ships,
triginta cum pugnatoribus cepit; quindecim millia
thirty with fighters took ; fifteen thousands
took thirty together with their soldiers; slew or took fifteen
hostium aut occidit aut cepit ; militem suum ingenti
of-enemies or he-slew or took; soldier his-own vast
thousand of the enemy ; and enriched his own army
prasda ditavit : et subacta Africa tum fuisset,
with-prey he-enriched : and brought-under Africa then would-bave-been,
with much plunder ; and Africa would then have been reduced,
nisi tanta fames fuisset, ut diutius expectare
unless so-great hunger might-have-been, that longer to-look-out
had not so great a famine ensued, that the army could not
exercitus non posset. Consules, cum victrici
army not might-be-able. Consuls, with victorious
possibly continue there any longer. The consuls, returning with
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 43

classe redeuntes, circa Siciliam naufragium passi

fleet going-back, about Sicily shipwreck having-suffered
their victorious fleet, suffered shipwreck on the coast of
sunt, et tanta tempestas fuit, ut ex quadrin-
are, and so-great tempest was, that from four-
Sicily, and so violent was the storm, that, out of four
gentis sexaginta quatuor navibus, octoginta servari
hundred sixty four ships, eighty to-be-saved
hundred and sixty-four ships, eighty were with
vix potuerint ; neque ullo tempore tanta mari-
scarcely may-have-been-able ; nor any in-time so-great mari-
difficulty saved ; nor was so great a tempest at sea
tima tempestas audita est. Romani ta-
time tempest having-been-heard is. The-Romans yet
ever heard of at any period. The Romans, notwith-
men statim ducentas naves reparaverunt, neque
immediately two-hundred ships prepared-again, nor
standing, immediately refitted two hundred ships, nor
in aliquo animus his infractus fuit.
in something mind to-these broken was.
was their spirit diminished in the least by this loss.
Cnaeus Servilius Caepio et Caius Sempronius
Cnaeus Servilius Caepio and Caius Sempronius
Cneeus Servilius Ceepio and Caius Sempronius
Blaesus consules cum ducentis sexaginta navibus ad
Blaesus consuls with two-hundred sixty ships to
Bleesus the consuls set sail for Africa with two
Africam profecti sunt ; aliquot civitates ceperunt.
Africa having-gone-forth are; some cities they-took.
hundred and sixty ships, and took a few cities.
Praedam ingentem reducentes, naufragium passi
Prey vast leading-back, shipwreck having-suffered
Returning with a great booty, they suffered ship-
sunt. Itaque cum continuae calamitates Romanis
they-are. Therefore when continual calamities to-Romans
wreck. These successive calamities therefore so annoyed
displicerent, decrevit senatus, ut a maritimis prae-
might-displease, decreed senate, that from maritime bat-
the Romans, that the senate decreed that wars by sea should
44 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

His discederetur, et tantum sexaginta naves ad

ties it-might-bc-departed, and only sixty ships to
be given up, and that only sixty ships
presidium Italiae salvae essent.
guard of-Italy safe might-be.
should be maintained for the defence of Italy.
Lucio Caecilio Metello, Caio Furio Pacillo con-
Lucius CaBcilius Metellui, Caius Furius Pacillus con-
Lucius Ceecilius Metellus and Caius Furius Pacillus being
sulibus, Metellus in Sicilia Afrorum ducem, cum
suls, Metellus in Sicily of-the-Africans leader, with
consuls, Metellus defeated a general of the Africans in Sicily,
centum triginta elephantis et magnis copiis venientem,
hundred thirty elephants and great forces coming
who came against him with a hundred and thirty elephants and a
superavit ; viginti millia hostium cecidit ; sex et
overcame ; twenty thousands of-enemies cut ; six and
powerful army ; slew twenty thousand of the enemy ; took six
viginti elephantos cepit ; reliquos, errantes per
twenty elephants took ; the-rest, wandering through
and twenty elephants ; the rest, who were dispersed, he
Numidas, quos in auxilium habebat,
the-Numidians, whom into help he-was-having,
collected, by means of the Numidians, whom he had called in to his
collegit et Romam deduxit ingenti pompa, cum
he-collected, and Rome led-down vast with-pomp, when
assistance, and brought them to Rome with great pomp, filling
centum triginta elephantorum numero omnia itinera
hundred thirty of-elephants with-number all journies
all the roads with this vast number of
compleret.
he-might-6U-up.
elephants.
Post haec mala Carthaginienses Regulum du-
After these evils the-Carthaginians Regulus lead-
After these misfortunes the Carthaginians entreated Regulus,
cem, quem ceperant, petierunt, ut Romam proficis-
er, whom tbey-had-taken, besought, that Rome he-would-
the Roman general, whom they had taken, to go lo
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 45

ceretur, et pacem a Romanis obtineret, ac permu-

go-forth, and peace from Romans would-oblain, and ei-
Rome, in order to procure peace from the Romans, and an ex-
tationem captivorum faceret. Ille, Romam cum
change of-captives would-make. He, Rome when
change of prisoners. Regulus, upon his ar-
venisset, inductus in senatum, nihil quasi
he-might-have-coine, having-been-led-in into senate, nothing as-if
rival at Rome, being brought into the senate, would not as-
Romanus egit ; dixitque, se ex ilia, die,
Roman did; said-and, himself from that day,
sume the character of a Roman, declaring, that from the day
qua in potestatem Afrorum venisset, Roma-
in-which into power of-Africans he-might-have-come, Ro-
in which he had fallen into the hands of the Africans, he had
num esse desiisse. Itaque et uxorem a com-
raan to-be to-have-left-off. And-so and wife from en-
ceased to be a Roman. For this reason he both repulsed his
plexu removit, et Romanis suasit, ne pax cum
folding he-moved-back, and to-Romans advised, that-not peace with
wife from his embraces, and advised the Romans not to conclude a
Poenis fieret ; illos enim, fractos tot ca-
the-Poeni might-be-made ; them for broken so-many by-
peace with the Carthaginians ; since they, dispirited by so many
sibus, spem nullam habere ; se tanti non esse,
falls, hope none to-have ; himself of-so-much not to-be,
losses, had no hope left ; that, with respect to him-
ut tot millia captivorum propter
that so-many thousands of-captives on-account-of
self, he was not of such importance, that so many thousand cap-
unum se et senem,
one himself and old,
tives should be given up on his account alone, old as he was,
et paucos, qui ex Romanis capti fuerant, redderen-
and few who from Romans taken bad-been, might-be-given-
and for the sake of the few Romans who had been taken pri-
tur. Itaque obtinuit ; nam Afros, . pacem
back. And-so he-obtained ; for Africans, peace
soners. His advice prevailed ; for not one person would listen
46 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

petentes, nullus admisit. Ipse >

seeking, none admitted. Self
to the Carthaginians, when they applied for peace. He himself
Carthaginem rediit, ofFerentibusque Romania ut
Carthage went-back, bringing-forward-and to-Romans that
returned to Carthage, and when the Romans proposed to
eum Romae tenerent, negavit se in ea urbe man-
him at-Rome they-would-hold, he-denied himself in that city to-be-
detain him at Rome, refused to stay in a
surum, in qua, postquam Afris servierat,
about-to-stay, in which, after-that to-Africans he-had-served,
city, in which, after living in captivity among the Africans,
dignitatem honesti civis habere non
dignity honorable of-citizen to-have not
he said it was impossible for him to retain the dignity of an honor-
posset. Regressus igitur ad Africam, omnibus
he-might-be-able. Having-gone-back therefore to Africa, all
able citizen. Returning therefore to Africa, he was put
suppliciis extinctus est.
with-punishments having-been-extinguished he-is.
to death with tortures of every description.
Publio Claudio Pulchro, Caio Junio consulibus,
Publius Claudius Pulcher, Caius Junius consuls,
Publius Claudius Pulcher and Caius Junius being consuls,
Claudius contra auspicia pugnavit, et a Carthagi-
Claudius against auspices fought, and from the-Carthagi-
Claudius fought in opposition to the auspices, and was defeated
niensibus victus est ; nam ex ducentis et
nians having-been-conquered is j for from two-hundred and
by the Carthaginians ; for of two hundred and
viginti navibus, cum triginta fugit ; nonaginta
twenty ships, with thirty he-fled ; ninety
twenty ships, he escaped with thirty ; ninety,
cum pugnatoribus captae sunt, demersaa
with fighters having-been-taken are, plunged-down
together with their men, were taken ; the ' rest
casterae, viginti millia capta. Alius quoque
the-others, twenty thousands taken. Another also
sunk, and twenty thousand made prisoners. The other con-
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 47

consul classem naufragio amisit ; exercitum tamen

consul fleet by-shipwreck sent-away; army yet
sul also lost his fleet by shipwreck; but the army
salvum habuit, quia vicina litora erant.
safe he-had, , because neighbouring shores were.
escaped, by being near to the shore.
Caio Luctatio Catulo, Aulo Posthumio Albino
Caius Luctatius Catulus, Aulus Posthumius Albiuus
In the consulate of Caius Luctatius Catulus and Aulus Post-
consulibus, anno belli Punici vicesimo tertio, Catulo
consuls, in-year of-war Punic twentieth third, to-Catulus
humius Albinus, in the twenty-third year of the Punic war, the ma-
bellum contra Afros- commissum est.
war against Africans having-been-sent-together is.
nagement of the war against the Africans was committed to Catulus.
Profectus est cum trecentis navibus in Siciliam.
Having-gone-forth he-is with three -hundred ships into Sicily.
He set out for Sicily with three hundred ships.
Afri contra ipsum quadringentas paraverunt.
He-Africans against him four-hundred prepared.
The Africans fitted out four hundred against him.
Luctatius Catulus navem aeger ascendit, vul-
Luctatius Catulus ship sick climbed-up, wound-
Luctatius Catulus embarked in an infirm state of health, having
neratus enim in pugna superiore fuerat. Contra
ed for in fight former he-had-been. Against
been wounded in the preceding fight. A battle
Lilybaeum, civitatem Sicilian, pugnatum est ingenti
Lilyba:um, city of-Sicily, having-been-fought it-is vast
was fought opposite Lilybeeum, a city of Sicily, with the
virtute Romanorum; nam septuaginta
with-virtue of-Romans ; for seventy
greatest valor on the part of the Romans ; for seventy-
tres Carthaginiensium naves captre sunt, cen-
three of-the-Carthaginians ships having-been-taken are, hun-
three of the Carthaginian ships were taken, and a
tum viginti quinque demersae ; triginta duo mil-
dred twenty five plunged-down ; thirty two thou-
hundred and twenty-five sunk ; thirty-two thou
48 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

lia hostium -capta, tredecitn occisa ;

sands of-eneanies taken, thirteen slain ;
sand of the enemy made prisoners, and thirteen thousand slain ;
infinitum auri argentique pondus in potestatem
infinite of-gold of-silver-and weight into power
also an immense sum of gold and silver fell into the
Romanorum redactum. Ex classe Romana duodecim
of-Romans driven-back. From fleet Roman twelve
hands of the Romans. Of the Roman fleet twelve
naves demersae. Pugnatum est sexto Idus
ships plunged-down. Having-been-fought it-is in-sixth Ides
ships were sunk. The battle was fought on the sixth of the Ides
Martias. Statim Carthaginienses pacem petierunt,
of- March. Immediately the- Carthaginians peace sought,
of March. The Carthaginians immediately sued for peace,
tributaque iis pax. Captivi Romanorum, qui
bestowed-and to-them peace. Captives of-Romans, who
which was granted to them. The Romans who had been taken
tenebantur a Carthaginiensibus, redditi sunt:
were-held from the-Carthaginians, having-been-given-back are :
prisoners by the Carthaginians, were restored :
etiam Carthaginienses petierunt, ut redimi eos
also the-Carthaginians sought, that to-be-redeemed those
the Carthaginians also requested permission to redeem such
captivOs liceret, quos ex Afris Romani tene-
'\ captives it-might-be-Iawful, whom from the-Africans the-Romans were-
of the Africans as were in captivity among the Ro-
bant. Senatus jussit sine pretio dari eos,
holding. Senate commanded without price to-be-given them,
mans. The senate gave orders that those who were state-
qui in publica custodia essent ; qui autem a
who in public custody might-be ; who but by
prisoners should be restored without ransom ; but that those
privatis tenerentur, ut, pretio dominis red-
private-persons might-be-held, that, price to-lords having-
who were the property of private persons, should return to Car-
dito, Carthaginem redirent ; atque id
been-given-back, Carthage they-might-go-back ; and ' that
thage on the payment of a sum to their owners ; and that
 LIBER SECUNDUS. 49

pretium ex fisco magis, quam a Carthaginiensi-

price from exchequer more, than from the-Carthagini-
such payment should be discharged by the public treasury, rather
bus, solveretur.
ans, might-be-loosened.
than by the Carthaginians.
Quintus Luctatius, Aulus Manlius, consules crea-
Quintus Luctatius, Aulus Manlius, consuls crea-
Quintus Luctatius, Aulus Manlius, being created
ti, bellum Faliscis intulerunt, quae civitas Ita-
ted, war to-Falisci brought-in, which city of-
consuls, made war upon Falisci, formerly an opu-
liae opulenta quondam fuit ; quod ambo con-
Italy opulent formerly was ; which both con-
lent state of Italy ; which the consuls in con-
sules intra sex dies, quam venerant, transe-
suls within six days, than they-had-come, did-
junction brought to a successful termination within six days after
gerunt; quindecim millibus hostium caesis,
through; fifteen thousands of-enemies having-been-slain,
their arrival ; fifteen thousand of the enemy being slain,
caeteris pace concessa, agro tamen ex medie-
to-others peace having-been-conceded, field yet from moi-
peace and granted to the rest, upon the forfeiture of half
tate sublato.
ety haTmg-been-taken-away,
their territory.

i
50 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

LIBER TERTIUS.
BOOK THIRD.
THE THIRD BOOK.

Fin i to igitur Punico bello, quod per viginti

Having-been-finished therefore Punic war, which through twenty
The Punic war being concluded, which had continued
duos annos contractum est, Romani, jam claris-
two years having-been-drawn-together is, Romans, now bright-
through two and twenty years, the Romans, who were
sima gloria noti, legatos ad Ptolemaeum, iEgypti
est with-glory known, deputies to Ptolemy, of-Egypt
now pre-eminent in fame, sent ambassadors to Ptolemy, king
regem, miserunt, auxilia promittentes, quia rex Syriae,
king, sent, helps sending-forth, because king of-Syria,
of Egypt, with offers of assistance ; Antiochus, king of
Antiochus ei bellum intulerat. Ille gratias Romanis
Antiochus to-him war had-brought-in. He thanks to-Romans
Syria, having made war upon him. He thanked the Ro-
egit, auxilia non aceepit, jam enim fuerat pugna
did, helps not received, now for had-been fight
mans, but declined their aid, the struggle being
transacta. Eodem tempore, potentissimus rex
thoroughly-done. Same in-time, moat-powerful king
now over. About the same time, Hiero, the most powerful
Siciliae, Hiero Romam venit ad ludos spectandos,
of-Sicily, Hiero Rome came to games to-be-beheld,
king of Sicily, visited Rome to witness the games,
et ducenta millia modiorum tritici populo dono
and two-hundred thousands of-measures of-wheat to-people for-gift
and distributed two hundred thousand bushels of wheat among the
dedit.
gave.
people.
 LIBER TERT1US. 51

Lucio Cornelio Lentulo, Fulvio Flacco consulibus,

Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, Fulvius Flaccus consuls,
Lucius Cornelius Lentulus and Fulvius Flaccus being consuls,
quibus Hiero Romam venerat, etiam contra Ligures
under-whom Hiero Rome had-come, also against Ligurians
when Hiero came to Rome, war was carried on against
intra Italiam bellum gestum est ; et de his tri-
within Italy war having-been-carried is ; and from these hav-
the Ligurians within the borders of Italy, and a triumph ob-
umphatum. Carthaginienses turn
ing-been-triumphed. Carthaginians then
tained over them. The Carthaginians too, about the same time,
bella reparare tentabant, Sardinienses, qui
wars to-prepare-again were-trying, Sardinians, who
attempted to renew the war, urging the Sardinians, who,
ex conditione pacis Romanis parere debebant,
from condition of-peace to-Romans to-obey were-owing,
by an article of the peace were bound to submit
ad rebellandum impellentes. Venit tamen le-
to to-war-again driving-on. Came yet de-
to the Romans, to rebellion. A deputation how-
gatio Carthaginiensium Romam, et pacem im
putation of-CartUnginians Rome, and peace ob-
ever of the Carthaginians, coming to Rome, ob-
petravit.
tained.
tained peace.
Tito Manlio Torquato, Caio Attilio Balbo con-
Titus Manlius Torquatus, Caius Altilius Balbus con-
Titus Manlius Torquatus and Caius Attilius Balbus being
sulibus, de Sardis triumphatum est; et pace
suls, from Sardinians having-been-triwmphed it-is ; and peace
consuls, a triumph was obtained over the Sardinians ; and peace
omnibus locis facta, Romani nullum bellum
all in-places having-been-made, Romans no war
being concluded on all sides, the Romans had now no war
habuerunt, quod his post Romam conditam semel
had, which to-these after Rome put-together once
to carry on, a circumstance which had happened to them but once
52 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

tantum, Numa Pompilio regnante,

only, Numa Pompilius reigning,
before since the building of the city, namely, in the reign of
contigerat.
had-touched-together.
Numa Pompilius.
Lucius Posthumius Albinus, Cnaeus Fulvius Cen-
Lucius Posthumius Albinus, Cnaeus Fulvius Cen-
Lucius Posthumius Albinus, Cneeus Fulvius Cen-
tumalus consules bellum contra Illyrios gesserunt ;
tumalus consuls war against Illyrians carried ;
tumalus the consuls conducted a war against the Illyrians ;
et, multis civitatibus captis, etiam reges in
and, many cities having-been-taken, also kings into
and having captured many of their cities, brought even their
deditionem acceperunt; tum primum de Illyriis
giving-up received ; then first from Illyrians
kings to a surrender; then for the first time a triumph took
' triumphatum est.
having-been-triumphed it-is.
place on account of the Illyrians.
Lucio iEmilio consule, ingentes Gallorum copiae
Lucius ^2milius consul, vast . of-Gauls forces
Lucius iEmilius being consul, an immense force of the Gauls
Alpes transierunt ; sed pro Romanis tota Italia
Alps went-across ; but for Romans whole Italy
crossed the Alps; but all Italy united in favor of the
consensit ; traditumque est Fabio historico, qui
thought-together; delivered.over-and it-is by-Fabius historian, who
Romans ; and it is recorded by Fabius the historian, who
eo bello interfuit, octingenta millia hominum pa-
that in-war was-between, eighty thousands of-men pre-
was present in that war, that there were eight hundred thousand
rata ad id bellum fuisse : sed res per consules
pared to that war to-have-been : but thing through consuls
men raised on the occasion: affairs however were brought to a
tantum prospere gesta est ; quadraginta mil-
only prosperously having-been-carried is; forty thou-
successful termination by the consuls alone; forty thousand
 LIBER TERTIUS. 53
lia hostium interfecta sunt, et triumphus iEmilio
sands of-enemies having-been-killed are, and triumph to-^Emilius
of the enemy were slain, and a triumph decreed to
decretus.
decreed.
jEmilius.
Aliquot deinde annis post, contra Gallos intra
Some from-thence in-yeats afterwards, against Gauls within
A few years after, a battle was fought with
Italiam pugnatum est, finitumque est bellum,
Italy having-been-fought it-is, finished-and is war,
the Gauls within the borders of Italy, and an end put to the war,
Marco Claudio Marcello, Cnaeo Cornelio Scipione
Marcus Claudius Marcellus, Cnseus Cornelius Scipio
in the consulate of Marcus Claudius Marcellus and Cneeus
consulibus. Tunc Marcellus cum parva manu equi-
consuls. Then Marcellus with small hand of-
Scipio. Marcellus engaged the enemy with a small
tum dimicavit, et regem Gallorum, Viridomarum
horsemen fought, and king of-Gauls, Viridomarus
body of horse, and slew their king, Viridoma-
nomine, manu sua occidit. Postea cum collega
by-name, with-hand his-own slew. Afterwards with colleague
rus, with his own hand. After that, in conjunction
suo ingentes copias Gallorum peremit;
his-own vast forces of-Gauls he-destroyed ;
with his colleague, he defeated a numerous army of the Gauls,
Mediolanum expugnavit ; grandem praedam Romam
Mediolanum be-out-fought ; great prey Rome
stormed Milan ; and carried off a vast booty
pertulit; ac triumphans Marcellus spolia Galli, sti-
bore-through ; and triumphing Marcellus spoils of-Gaul, to-a-
to Rome ; bearing the spoils of the Gaul, fix-
piti imposita, humeris suis vexit.
stake placed-on, on-shonlders his-own he-carried,
ed to a pole, in triumph on his shoulders.
Marco Minucio, Publio Cornelio consulibus,
Marcus Minucjus, Publius Cornelius consuls,
In the consulate of Marcus Minucius and Publius Cornelius,
54 EUTEOPII HISTOR1A.

Istris bellum illatum est, quia latrocinati

to-the-Islrians war having-been-brought-in is, because baving-robbed
war was made upon the Istrians, because they had
naves Romanorum fuerant, quae frumenta
ships of-Romans they-had-been, which corn
plundered some ships belonging to the Romans which were bring-
exhibebant ; perdomitique sunt omnes.
were-holding-out ; having-been-subdued-and are all.
ing a supply of corn ; and they were entirely subdued.
Eodem anno bellum Punicum secundum Romanis
Same in-year war Punic second to-Romans
In the same year the second Punic war was commenced
illatum est per Annibalem, Carthaginien-
having-been-brought-in is through Annibal, of-Carthagini-
against the Romans by Annibal, general of the
sium ducem, qui Saguntum, Hispania? civitatem,
ans leader, who Saguntum, of-Spain city,
Carthaginians, who, in the twentieth year of his age,
Romanis amicam, oppugnare aggressus est, agens
to-Romans friendly, to-fight-against having-marched-to is, acting
marched to besiege Saguntum, a city of Spain,
vicesimum aetatis annum ; copiis congregatis,
twentieth of-age year ; forces having-been-assembled,
in alliance with the Romans ; having assembled for that
centum quinquaginta millibus peditum et viginti
hundred fifty thousands of-foot-soldiers and twenty
purpose an army of fifty thousand foot and twenty
millibus equitum. Huic Romani per legatos de-
thousands of-horsemen. To-him Romans through deputies de-
thousand horse. The Romans sent a deputation to
-nunciaverunt, ut bello abstineret: is legatos ad-
nounced, that from-war he-might-hold-off: he deputies to-
warn him not to persist in hostilities ; but he refused the
mittere noluit. Romani etiam Carthaginem
admit was-unwilling. Romans also Carthage
ambassadors audience. The Romans sent also to
miserunt, ut mandaretur Annibali, ne
sent, that it-might-be-charged ^ to-Annibal, that-not
Carthage, requiring that orders should be sent to Annibal, not to
 LIBER TERTIUS. 55

bellum contra socios populi Romani gereret;

war against companions of-people Roman be-might-carry ;
make war on the allies of the Roman people;
sed dura responsa a Carthaginiensibus
but hard answers from Carthaginians
but the answer sent back by the Carthaginians was of a haughty
reddita. Saguntini interea, fame
given-back. Saguntines in-thc-mean-time, with-hunger
purport. The Saguntines, in the mean time, worn out with famine,
victi captique ab Annibale, ultimis poenis
conquered taken-and by Annibal, last with-punishments
were taken by Annibal, and subjected to the last extremity
afficiuntur.
are-affected,
of torture.
Tum Publius Cornelius Scipio cum exercitu in
Then Publius Cornelius Scipio with army into
Publius Cornelius Scipio then set out with
Hispaniam profectus est ; Tiberius Sempronius in
Spain having departed is; Tiberius Sempronius into
an army for Spain ; Tiberius Sempronius for
Siciliam. Bellum Carthaginiensibus indictum
Sicily. War to-Carthaginians having-been-proclaimed
Sicily. War was declared against the Carthagini-
est. Annibal, relicto in Hispania fratre
is. Annibal, having-been-left-behind in Spain brother
ans. Annibal, leaving his brother Asdrubal in
Asdrubale, Pyrenaeum transiit; Alpes, adhuc in
Asdrubal, Pyrenean went-over ; Alps, hitherto in
Spain, passed the Pyrenees; and forced himself a pas-
ea parte invias, sibi patefecit.
that part impassable, to-himself he-made-open,
sage through the Alps, hitherto thought impassable in that part.
Traditur ad Italiam octoginta millia peditum,
He-is-delivered-over to Italy eighty thousands of-foot-soldiers,
It is said that he brought into Italy eighty thousand foot,
et viginti millia equitum, septem et triginta ele-
and twenty thousands of-horsemen, seven and thirty ele-
twenty .thousand horse, and thirty-seven
5G EUTROPIl HISTORIA.

phantos adduxisse. Interea multi Ligures et

phants to-have-led-to. In-the-mean-time many Ligurians and
elephants. Numbers of the Ligurians and
Galli Annibali se junxerunt. Sempronius Grac-
Gauls to-Annibal themselves joined. Sempronius Grac-
Gauls joined him on his march. Sempronius Grac-
chus, cognito ad Italiam Annibalis adventu,
chus, having-been-known to Italy of-Annibal arrival,
chus, being informed of Annibal's arrival in Italy,
e Sicilia exercitum Ariminum trajecit. Publius
from Sicily army Ariminum threw-over. Publius
transported his army out of Sicily to Ariminum. Publius
Cornelius Scipio Annibali primus occurrit : com-
Cornelius Scipio to-Annibal first ran-against; having-
Cornelius Scipio first met Annibal ; and
misso praelio, fugatis suis, ipse vulne
been-sent-together battle, having-been-routed his-own self wound-
giving him battle, suffered a defeat, and retired
ratus in castra rediit. Sempronius Gracchus et
ed into camp went-back. Sempronius Gracchus and
himself wounded to his camp. Sempronius Gracchus also.
ipse conflixit apud Trebiam amnem : is quoque
self struck-together at Trebia river: be also
came to an engagement near the river Trebia, and he too was
vincitur. Annibali multi se in Italia dedide-
is-conquered. To-Annibal many themselves in Italy gave-
defeated. Numbers in Italy submitted to Anni-
runt. Inde ad Tusciam veniens, Annibal Flaminio
up. Thence to Tuscany coming, Annibal to-Flaminius
.bal; who, marching from thence into Tuscany, met the
consuli occurrit : ipsum Flaminium interemit ; Ro-
consul ran-against: self Flaminius killed; of-Ro-
consul Flaminius ; him he slew ; also
manorum viginti quinque millia caesa sunt ;
mans twenty five thousands having-been-cut are ;
twenty-five thousand of the Romans ;
caeteri diffugerunt. Missus adversus An-
others fled-away. Sent opposite-to An-
the rest saved themselves by flight. Quintus Fabius Maximus
 LIBER TERTIUS. 57

nibalem postea a Romanis Quintus Fabius Maxi-

nihal afterwards from ' Romans Quintus Fabius Maxi-
was afterwards sent to oppose An-
mus. Is eum, differendo pugnam, ab impetu
mus. He hiin, by-putting off fight, from assault
nibal. This general, by declining an engagement, checked his
fregit ; mox, inventa occasione,
broke ; presently, having-been-found occasion,
impetuosity ; and soon after, meeting with a favorable opportunity,
vicit.
he-conquered,
defeated him.
Quingentesimo et quadragesimo anno a con-
. Five-hundredth and fortieth in-year from put-toge-
In the five hundredth and fortieth year from the building of
dita urbe, Lucius iEmilius, Publius Terentius Varro
ther city, Lucius .^imilius, Publius Terentius Varro
the city, Lucius iEmilius and Publius Terentius Varro
contra Annibalem mittuntur, Fabioque succedunt ;
against Annibal are-sent, to-Fabius-and succeed;
are sent to succeed Fabius against Annibal ;
qui Fabius ambos consujes monuit, ut Annibalem,
which Fabius both consuls advised, that Annibal,
who forewarned both the consuls, that there was no
callidum et impatientem ducem, non aliter vin-
cunning and impatient leader, not . otherwise might-
Other way of conquering Annibal, who was a crafty and impetuous
cerent, quam praelium differendo. Verum cum
conquer, than battle by-putting-off. But when
general, than by declining an engagement. But a battle
impatientii Varronis consulis, contradicente
by-impatience of-Varro consul, contradicting
being fought, through the impetuosity of Varro, the consul, in op-
consule altero, apud vicum, qui Cannae appellatur,
consul the -other, at village, which Cannae is -called,
position to his colleague, near a village called
in Apulia pugnatum esset, ambo consules
"m Apulia having-been-fought it-might-be, both consuls
Cannae, in Apulia, both consuls
H
 58 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

ab Annibale vincuntur. In ea pugna tria millia

by Annibal are-conquered. In that fight three thousands
were defeated by Annibal. In that fight three thousand
Afrorum pereunt ; magna pars de exercitu Annibalis
of-Africans perish ; great part from army of-Annibal
of the Africans fell, and a great part of Annibal's army were
sauciatur. Nullo tamen Punico bello Romani
is-wounded. No yet Punic in-war Romans
wounded. The Romans however never received so severe a
gravius accepti sunt ; periit enim in eo JEmi-
more-heavily having-been-received are; perished for in that .(Emi-
blow throughout all the Punic wars; for the consul iEmilius Pau-
lius Paulus consul ; consulares et prastorii viginti,
lius Paulus consul; consular and praetorian twenty,
lus fell in that battle; also twenty of consular and praetorian rank;
senatores capti aut occisi triginta, nobiliores viri
senators taken or slain thirty, more-noble men
thirty senators were taken or slain, and three hundred
trecenti ; militum quadraginta millia ; equitum
three-hundred ; of-soldiers forty thousands ; of-horsemen
of noble descent; forty thousand foot; three
tria millia et quingenti: in quibus malis nemo
three thousands and five-hundred : in which evils nobody
thousand and five hundred horse: during these calamities how-
tamen Romanorum pacis mentionem habere dig-
yet of-Romans of-peace mention to-have having-
ever not one of the Romans deigned to hint
natus est. Servi, quod nunquam ante, manu-
deigned is. Slaves, which never before, made-
at peace. The slaves, a circumstance unprecedented, were
missi et milites facti sunt.
free and soldiers having-been-made are.
set free and made soldiers.
Post hanc pugnam, multae Italiae civitates, quae
After this fight, many of-Italy cities, which
After that battle, several cities of Italy, which
Romanis paruerant, se ad Annibalem trans-
to-Romans had-obeyed, themselves to Annibal carried-
had been subject to the Romans, went over to An-
 LIBER TERTIUS. 59

tulerunt. Annibal Romanis obtulit, ut captivos

over. Annibal to-Romans offered, that captives
nibal. Annibal made proposals to the Romans respecting
redimerent, responsumque est a senatu,
they-might-buy-back, having-been-answered-and it-is from senate,
redeeming the prisoners ; but the senate replied,
eos cives non esse necessarios, qui, cum armati
those citizens not to-be . necessary, who, when armed
that they could dispense with citizens, who would suffer
essent, capi potuissent. Ule omnes
they-might-be, to-be-taken might-have-been-able. He all
themselves to be taken with arms in their hands. Afterwards he
postea vaiiis suppliciis interfecit, et tres
afterwards various with-punishments killed, and three
. put them all to death with various torments; and sent three
modios aureorum annulorum Carthaginem misit,
measures golden of-rings Carthage sent,
measures of gold rings to Carthage,
quos e manibus equitum Romanorum, senatorum,
which from hands of-horsemen Roman, of-senators,
which he had taken from the fingers of Roman knights,
et militum detraxerat. Interea in Hispania,
and of-soldiers he-had-drawn-orf. In-the-mean-time in Spain,
senators, and soldiers. In the mean time, Asdrubal, the
ubi, frater Annibalis, Asdrubal remanserat cum
where, brother of-Annibal, Asdrubal had-remained with
brother of Annibal, who had remained in Spain with a
magno exercitu, ut eam totam Afris subigeret,
great army, that that all 1o-Africans he-might-bring-under
powerful army, ' in order to reduce all that province under
a duobus Scipionibus, Romanis ducibus,
by two Scipios, Roman leaders,
the dominion of the Africans, is defeated there by the two Scipios,
vincitur, perditque in pugna triginta quinque
he-is-conquered, loses-and in fight thirty five
the Roman generals, and loses thirty-five thousand men
millia hominum ; ex his capiuntur decem millia,
thousands of-men ; from these are-taken ten thousands,
in the battle; of these ten thousand are made prisoners,
60 EUTROPII HISTORIA. \

occiduntur viginti quinque. Mittuntur ei a Car-

are-slain twenty five. Are-sent to-him from Car-
and twenty-five thousand slain. Upon this, twelve thousand
thaginiensibus ad reparandas vires duodecim mil-
thaginians to to-be-prepared-again strengths twelve thou-
foot, four thousand horse, and twenty elephants,
lia peditum, quatuor millia equitum, viginti
sands of-foot-soldiers, four thousands of-horsemen, twenty
are sent to him by the Carthaginians to reinforce his
elephanti.
elephants,
army.
Anno quarto postquam in Italiam Annibal venit,
In-year fourth after-that into Italy Annibal came,
In the fourth year after Annibal's arrival in Italy,
Marcus Claudius Marcellus consul apud Nolam,,civi-
Marcus Claudius Marcellus consul at Nola, ci-
Marcus Claudius Marcellus, the consul, engaged him with
tatem Campaniae, contra Annibalem bene pugnavit.
ty of-Campania, against Annibal well fought.
success at Nola, a city of Campania.
Annibal multas civitates Romanorum per
Annibal many cities of-Romans through
Annibal made himself master of several of the Roman cities in
Apuliam, Calabriam, et Brutios occupavit : quo
Apulia, Calabria, and the-Brutii seized-upon : which
Apulia, Calabria, and the country of the Brutii; about
tempore etiam, rex Macedoniae, Philippus ad eum
in-time also, king of-Macedonia, Philip to him
this time also, Philip, king of Macedonia, sent
legatos misit, promittens auxilia contra Romanos,
deputies sent, throwing-forth helps against Romans,
ambassadors promising him assistance against the Romans,
sub hac conditione, ut, deletis Romanis, ipse
under this condition, that, having-been-blotted-out Romans, self
on condition, that, when he had subdued them, he,
quoque contra Graecos ab Annibale auxilia acci-
also against Greeks from Annibal helps might-
in turn, should receive assistance from Annibal against the
 LIBER TERTIUS. 61

peret. Captis igitur legatis Philippi et re

receive. Having-been-taken therefore deputies of-Philip and thing
Grecians. But Philip's ambassadors being taken, and the af-
cognita, Roraani in Macedoniam Marcum Vale-
having-been-known, Romans into Macedonia Marcus Vale-
fair thus discovered, the Romans ordered Marcus Valerius
rium Laevinum ire jusserunt, in Sardiniam Titum
rius Lsevinus to-go commanded, into Sardinia Titus
Laevinus to march into Macedonia, and Titus Manlius, the
Manlium proconsulem ; nam etiam ea, solicitata ab
Manlius proconsul ; for also that, solicited by
proconsul, into Sardinia; for that island also, at the solicits -
Annibale, Romanos deseruerat.
Annibal, Romans bad-deserted.
tion of Annibal, had deserted the Romans.
Ita uno tempore quatuor locis pugna-
So one in-time four in-places it-was-
Thus war was carried on at the same time in four different
batur; in Italia contra Annibalem, in Hispania
fought; in Italy against Annibal, in Spain,
places ; in Italy against Annibal, in Spain
contra fratrem ejus Asdrubalem, in Macedonia
against brother of-him Asdrubal, in Macedonia
against Asdrubal his brother, in Macedonia
contra Philippum, in Sardinia contra Sardos et
against Philip, in Sardinia against Sardinians and
against Philip, in Sardinia against the Sardinians and
alterum Asdrubalem Carthaginiensem. Is a
the-other Asdrubal Carthaginian. He by
another Asdrubal a Carthaginian. Asdrubal
Tito Manlio proconsule, qui ad Sardiniam missus
Titus Manlius proconsul, who to Sardinia sent
'was taken alive by Titus Manlius the proconsul, who had
fuerat, vivus est captus ; occisa cum eo duodecim
had-been, alive is having-been-taken; slain with him twelve
been sent into Sardinia ; twelve thousand of his men
millia, capti mille quingenti : et a Ro-
thousands, taken thousand five-hundred : and by Ro-
were slain, fifteen hundred taken prisoners, and Sardinia
G2 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

manis Sardinia subacta. Manlius victor captivos et

mans Sardinia subdued. Manlius conqueror captives and
reduced by the Romans. Manlius being victorious
Asdrubalem Romam reportavit. Interea
Asdrubal Rome carried-back. In-the-mean-time
brought Asdrubal and the prisoners to Rome. In the mean time
etiam Philippus a Lrevino in Macedonia vincitur, et
also Philip by Laevinus in Macedonia is-conquered, and
Philip also is defeated by Leevinus in Macedonia, and
in Hispania a Scipionibus Asdrubal et Mago, tertius
in Spain by the-Scipios Asdrubal and Mago, third
Asdrubal and Mago,' a third brother of Annibal, by the
frater Annibalis.
brother of-Annibal.
Scipios in Spain.
Decimo anno postquam Annibal in Italiam ve-
Tenth in-year after-that Annibal into Italy had-
In the tenth year after Annibal's arrival in
nerat, Publio Sulpicio, Cnaeo Fulvio consulibus,
come, Publius Sulpicius, Cnteus Fulvius consuls,
Italy, Publius Sulpicius and Cneeus Fulvius being consuls,
Annibal usque ad quartum milliarium urbis accessit,
Annibal as-far-as to fourth mile of-city approached,
Annibal advanced within four miles of Rome,
equites ejus usque ad portas : mox consulum metu,
horsemen of-him as-far-as to gates : presently of-consuls from-fear^
and his horse up to the very gates : through fear of the consuls,
cum exercitu venientium, Annibal ad Cam-
with army coming, Annibal to Cam-
who were coming upon him with an army, Annibal retired soon
paniam se recepit. In Hispania a fratre Asdru-
pania himself took-back. In Spain from brother Asdru-
after into Campania. In Spain the two Scipios, who
bale ambo Scipiones, qui per multos annos victores
bal both Scipios, who through many years conquerors
had been victorious for many years, were slain by his
fuerant, interficiuntur ; exercitus tamen integer re-
bad-been, are-killed ; army yet entire re-
brother Asdrubal ; the arrny however remained un
 LIBER TERTITJS. 63

mansit, casu enim magis, quam virtute, erant de-

mained, by-fall for rather, than by-virtue, they-were having-
broken, for accident rather than the valor of the enemy had occa-
cepti. Quo tempore etiam a consule Mar-
been-deceived. Which in-tune also by consul Mar-
sioned this failure. About this time also, a great part of Sicily,
cello Siciliae magna pars capta est, quam tenere
cellus of-Sicily great part baving-been-taken is, which to-hold
which the Africans had begun to appropriate, was recovered
Afri coeperant; et ex nobilissima urbe Syracu-
Africans had-begun ; and from most-noble city Syracu-
by the Romans ; and an immense booty brought to Rome
sana praeda ingens praelata est. Laevinus
san prey vast having-been-carried-forward is. Laevinus
from the celebrated city of Syracuse. In Mace-
in Macedonia cum Philippo, et multis
in Macedonia with Philip, and many
donia Laevinus entered into an alliance with Philip, and several
Graeciae populis, et rege Asiae Attalo, amicitiam
of-Greece peoples, and king of-Asia Attalus, friendship
of the Grecian states, and with Attalus, the king of
fecit; et ad Siciliam profectus, Annonem, quen-
made ; and to Sicily having-gone, Anno, a-cer-
Asia ; and marching afterwards to Sicily, took Anno, a ge-
dam Afrorum ducem, apud Agrigentum civitatem
tain of-Africans leader, at Agrigentum city
neral of the Carthaginians, at the city of Agrigentum,
cum ipso oppido cepit, eumque Romam cum cap-
with .self town took, him-and Rome with cap-
together with the town itself, and sent him with other noble
tivis nobilibus misit : quadraginta civitates in dedi-
tives noble sent; forty cities into sur-
prisoners to Rome ; forty cities surrendered
tionem accepit, viginti sex expugnavit. Ita omni
render received, twenty six out-fought. So all
to him ; twenty-six he carried by storm. Thus all
Sicilia recepta, Macedonia fracta cum
Sicily havjng-been-taken-again, Macedonia having-been-broken, with ,
Sicily being recovered, and Macedonia humbled, he
64 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

ingenti gloria Romam regressus est. Annibal in

vast glory Rome having-gone-back he-is. Annibal in
returned to Rome with great glory. In Italy, An-
Italia, Cnaeum Fulvium consulem subitd aggressus,
Italy, Cna>us FuUius consul suddenly having-gone-tu,
nibal, attacking Cneeus Fulvius, the consul, by surprise,
cum octo millibus hominum interfecit.
with eight thousands of-men killed,
slew him, together with eight thousand of his men.
Interea ad Hispanias, ubi occisis duobus
In-the-mean-time to Spains, where having-been-slain two
In the mean time Publius Cornelius Scipio, a man almost
Scipionibus, nullus Romanus dux erat, Publius
the-Scipios, no Roman leader was, Publius
the very first of all the Romans, both in
Cornelius Scipio mittitur, filius Publii Scipionis,
Cornelius Scipio is-sent, son of-Publius Scipio,
his own and succeeding ages, son of that Publius Scipio,
qui ibidem bellum gesserat, annos natus
who in-the-same-place war had-carried, years born
who had carried on the war there before, is ordered, at the
quatuor et viginti, vir Romanorum omnium et sua
four and twenty, man of-Romans all and his-own
age of twenty-four, into Spain, where, after the loss of the two
aetate et posteriori tempore fere primus. Is Car-
in-age and later in-time almost first. He Car-
Scipios, the Romans had now no general left. He takes
thaginem Hispaniae capit, in qua omne aurum, et
thage of-Spain takes, in which all gold, and
Carthage in Spain, in which the enemy had laid
argentum, et belli apparatum Afri habebant ;
silver, and of-war apparatus the-Africans were-having ;
up all their gold and silver, and warlike stores ;
nobilissimos quoque obsides, quos ab Hispanis
most-noble also hostages, whom from Spaniards
he receives also from the Spaniards hostages of the most
acceperant, Magonem etiam, fratrem Annibalis,
they-had-received, Mago also, brother of-Annibal,
noble families, takes prisoner Mago, the brother of
 LIBER TKRTIUS. 65

ibidem capit, quem Romam cum aliis mittit.

in-the-same-place he-takes, whom Rome with others he-sends.
Annibal, and sends him with the rest to Rome.
Romae ingens laetitia post hunc nuncium fuit.
At-Rome vast joj after this message was.
The rejoicing at Rome on this intelligence was very great.
Scipio Hispanorum obsides parentibus reddidit ;
Scipio of-Spaniards hostages to-parents gave-back ;
Scipio returned the Spanish hostages to their parents ;
qak re omnes fere Hispani ad eum uno animo
which by-thing all almost Spaniards to him one with-mind
on which account almost all the Spaniards unanimously
transierunt. Postque Asdrubalem, Annibalis fra-
went-over. Afterwards-and Asdrubal, of-Annibal bro-
joined him. After this he puts to flight Asdrubal, the
trem, victum fugat, et praedam maximam capit.
ther, conquered he-pnts-to-flight, and prey greatest takes,
brother of Annibal, and takes an immense booty.
Interea in Italia" consul Quintus Fabius
In-the-mean-time in Italy consul Quintus Fabius
In the mean time Quintus Fabius Maximus, the consul,
Maximus Tarentum recepit, in qua\ ingentes copiae
Maximus Tarentum took-back, in which vast forces
recovered Tarentum in Italy, where Annibal's troops
Annibalis erant, et ibi etiam, ducem Annibalis,
of-Annibal were, and there also, leader of-Annibal,
principally were quartered, and slew there also Carthalo,
Carthalonem occidit; viginti quinque millia
Carthalo slew ; twenty five thousands
one of Annibal's generals ; twenty-five thousand
captivorum vendidit ; praedam militibus
of-captives sold; prey to-soldiers
of the prisoners he sold for slaves ; the spoil he divided among
dispertivit; pecuniam hominum venditorum ad
he-parted-amongst ; money of-men sold to
the soldiers ; the money arising from the sale of the prisoners he
fiscum retulit. Tum multae civitates Ro-
exchequer he-brought-back. Then many cities of-
paid into the public treasury. Several of the Roman cities at
I
G6 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

manorum, quae ad Annibalem transierant prius,

Romans, which to Annibal had-gone-over before,
that time, which had gone over to Annibal,
rursus se Fabio Maximo reddiderunt.
again themselves to-Fabius Maximus gave-back.
submitted themselves again to Fabius Maximus.
Insequenti anno Scipio in Hispania egregias res
Following in-year Scipio in Spain excellent things
In the following year Scipio performed astonishing exploits in
egit, et per se et per fratrem suum, Lucium
did, and through himself and through brother his-own, Lucius
Spain, both by himself and his brother, Lucius
Scipionem : septuaginta civitates recepit. In Italia
Scipio: seventy cities he-took-back. In Italy
Scipio : recovering seventy cities. In Italy
tamen male pugnatum est, nam Claudius Mar-
yet badly having-been-fought it-is, for Claudius Mar-
however the war went on unsuccessfully, Claudius Mar-
cellus consul ab Annibale occisus est.
cellus consul by Annibal having-been-killed is.
cellus the consul having been slain by Annibal.
Tertio anno postquam Scipio ad Hispaniam pro-
Third in-year after-that Scipio to Spain having-
In the third year after Scipio's departure
fectus fuerat, rursus res inclytas gerit. Regem
gone had-been, again things famous he-carries. King
for Spain, he again greatly distinguished himself. The king
Hispaniarum, magno praelio victum,
of-Spains, great in-battle, . conquered
of Spain, whom he had conquered in a considerable battle,
in amicitiam accepit ; et primus omnium a victo
into friendship he-receives; and first of-all from conquered
he received into alliance ; and was the first that did not demand
obsides non poposcit.
hostages not demanded.
hostages from the vanquished enemy.
Desperans Annibal Hispanias contra Scipionem
Despairing Annibal Spains against Scipio
Annibal, despairing that Spain would be able to hold
 LIBER TERTIUS. 67

diutius posse retineri, fratrem suum, Asdrubalem

longer to-be-able to-be-held-back, brother his-own Asdrubal
out any longer against Scipio, summoned Asdrubal, his
ad. Italiam cum omnibus copiis evocavit. Is, veniens
to Italy with all forces called-ont. He, coming
brother, with all his troops, to Italy. He, taking
eodem itinere, quo etiam Annibal venerat, a consu-
same by-journey in-which also Annibal had-come, by con-
the same route that Annibal had, fell into an ambuscade
libus Appio Claudio Nerone et Marco Livio Sali-
suls Appius Claudius Nero and Marcus Livius Sali-
laid for him by the consuls, Appius Claudius
natore apud Senam, Piceni civitatem, in insidias
nator at Sena, of-Picenum city, into snares
Nero and Marcus Livius Salinator, near " Sena, a
compositas incidit ; strenue tamen pugnans occi-
laid-together fell-in ; boldly yet fighting having-been-
city of Picene ; but fell fighting vali-
sus est; ingentes ejus copiae captae aut interfectae
slain is; vast of-him forces having-been-taken or killed
antly ; his numerous forces were either taken or put to the
sunt; magnum pondus. auri atque argenti Romam
are ; great weight of-gold and of-silver Rome
sword ; and a great quantity of gold and silver carried
relatum. Post haec Annibal diffidere jam de
brought-back. After these Annibal to-distrust now concerning
to Rome. Annibal now began to despair of the
belli coepit eventu, et Romanis ingens animus acces-
of-war began event, and to-Romans vast mind came-
issue of the war, and the Romans felt an accession of cou-
sit. Itaque et ipsi evocaverunt ex Hispania Pub-
to. Therefore and selves called-out out-of Spain Pub-
rage. They therefore also summoned Publius Cornelius
lium Cornelium Scipionem. Is Romam cum
lius Cornelius Scipio. He Rome with
Scipio out of Spain ; who arrived at Rome
ingenti gloria venit.
vast g'o'y came.
with great glory.
68 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Quinto Caecilio, Lucio Valerio consulibus,

Quintus Caucilius, Lucius Valerius consuls,
In the consulate of Quintus Ctecilius and Lucius Valerius,
omnes civitates, quae in Brutiis ab Annibale tene-
all cities, which in the-Brutii by Annibal were-
all the cities in the territory of the Brutii, which were in the
bantur, Romanis se tradiderunt.
held, to-Romans themselves gave-over.
possession of Annibal, surrendered to the Romans.
Anno decimo quarto postquam in Italiam Annibal
In-yeat tenth fourth after-that into Italy Annibal
In the fourteenth year after Annibal's arrival in
venerat, Scipio, qui multa bene in Hispania ege-
had-come, Scipio, who many well in Spain had-
Italy, Scipio, who had so greatly distinguished himself in-
rat, consul est factus, et in Africam missus ;
done, consul is having-been-made, and into Africa sent;
Spain, was created consul, and sent into Africa ;
cui viro divinum quiddam inesse existimabatur,
which to-man divine a-certain to-be-in was-esteemed,
a man supposed to have some pretensions to divinity,
aded ut putaretur etiam cum numinibus ha-
to-that-degree that he-might-be-thought also with deities to-
and even imagined to hold converse
bere sermonem. Is in Africa contra Annonem, du-
have discourse. He in Africa against Anno, lead-
with the gods. He encounters Anno, the general of the
cem Afrorum, pugnat ; exercitum ejus interficit.
er of-Africans, fights; army of-him kills.
Carthaginians, in Africa, and destroys his army.
Secundo praelio castra cepit cum quatuor millibus
Second in-battle camp he-took with four , thousands
In a second battle he took his camp, with four thousand
et quingentis militibus, undecim millibus occisis.
and five-hundred soldiers, eleven thousands having-been-slain.
five hundred soldiers, and slew eleven thousand.
Syphacem, Numidiae regem, qui se Afris con-
Syphax, of-Numidia king, who himself to-Africans had-
Syphax, king of Numidia, who had joined the
 LIBER TERTIUS. 69

junxerat, capit, et castra ejus invadit. Syphax,

joined-together, he-takes, and camp of-him goes-against. Syphax,
Africans, he takes prisoner, and forces his camp. Syphax,
cum nobilissimis Numidis et infinitis spoliis, a Sci-
with most-noble Numidians and infinite spoils, by Sci-
with the noblest of the Numidians, and an immense booty, Scipio
pione Romam mittitur ; qua re audita, omnis
pio Rome is-sent ; which thing having-been-heard, all
sends to Rome ; on the news of which event, almost
fere Italia Annibalem deserit ; ipse a Carthaginien-
almost Italy Annibal deserts ; self by Carthagini-
all Italy forsakes Annibal; and he himself is re-
sibus in Africam redire jubetur, quam Scipio
ans into Africa to-go-back is-commanded, which Scipio
called by the Carthaginians to Africa, which Scipio was
vastabat. Ita anno septimo decimo ab Annibale
was-wasting. So in-year seventh tenth from Annibal
laying waste. Thus in the seventeenth year aft6r his arrival,
Italia liberata est, quam flens dicitur
Italy having-been-freed is, which weeping he-is-said
Italy was delivered from Annibal, and he is said to have quitted
reliquisse. Legati Carthaginiensium pacem a
to-have-left. Deputies of-Carthaginians peace from
it with tears. Ambassadors from the Carthaginians applied
Scipione petierunt; ab eo ad senatum Romam
Scipio sought ; from him to senate Rome
to Scipio for peace, by whom they were referred
missi sunt : quadraginta quinque dies his in-<
having-been-sent they-are : forty five days to-these tru-
to the senate ; a truce of forty-five days
duciae datae sunt, quousque Romam ire et re-
ces having-been-given are, ' whilst Rome to-go and to-
being allowed for their journey to
gredi possent; triginta millia pondo ar-
march-back they-might-be-able ; thirty thousand pounds of-
and from Rome ; and thirty thousand pounds of
genti ab his accepta sunt. Senatus ex arbi-
silver from these having-been-received are. Senate from opi-
silver were accepted from them. The senate directed
70 EUTR0P1I HISTORIA.

trio Scipionis pacem jussit cum Carthagini-

nion of-Scipio peace commanded with Carthagini-
that a peace should be concluded with the Carthaginians at the
ensibus fieri. Scipio his conditionibus dedit,
ana to-be-made. Scipio these with-conditions gave,
discretion of Scipio. Scipio granted it on these conditions ;
ne amplius quam triginta naves haberent, quin-
that-not more than thirty ships they-might-have, five-
that they should retain no more than thirty ships, that
genta millia pondo argenti
hundred thousand pounds ,.of-silver
they should pay to the Romans five hundred thousand pounds
darent, captivos et perfugas redderent.
they-might-give, captives and fugitives they-might-give-back.
of silver, and restore all the prisoners and deserters.
Interim Annibale veniente ad Africam, pax
ln-the-mean-time Annibal coming to Africa, peace
Annibal in the mean time arriving in Africa, the
turbata est. Multa hostilia ab Afris fac-
having-been-troubled is. Many hostile by Africans having-been-
peace was interrupted. Many hostilities were committed by the
ta sunt; legati tamen eorum, ex urbe venientes,
done are; deputies yet of-them, from city coming,
Carthaginians ; yet their ambassadors, being taken by the Ro-
a Romanis capti sunt et, jubente Scipione,
by Romans having-been-taken are and, commanding Scipio,
mans, on their return from Rome, were, by Scipio's orders,
dimissi. Annibal quoque, frequentibus praeliis
dismissed. Annibal also, frequent in-battles
set at liberty. Annibal too, being defeated by Scipio
victus a Scipione, petiit etiam ipse pacem. Cum
conquered by Scipio, sought also self peace. When
in several battles, himself sued for peace. A con-
ventum esset ad colloquium, iisdem conditioni-
having-been-come it-might-be to a-talking-together, same with-condi-
ference being appointed, peace was granted on
bus data est, quibus prius, addita quingentis
tions having-been-given it-is, with-which befure, added five-hundred
the same terms as before, a hundred thousand
 LIBER TERTIUS. 71

millibus pondo argenti centum millia

to-thousands pounds of-silver hundred thousands
being added to the former five hundred thousand pounds
librarum propter novam perfidiam.
of-pounds on-account-of new perfidy,
of silver, on account of this fresh instance of their perfidy.
Carthaginiensibus conditiones displicuerunt, jusse-
To-Carthaginians conditions displeased, they-
The terms were displeasing to the Carthaginians, and they
runtque Annibalem pugnare.
commanded-and Annibal - to-light,
ordered Annibal to continue the war.
Infertur a Scipione et Masinissa, alio rege
Is-brought-in from Scipio and Masinissa, another king
The war is carried by Scipio, and Masinissa, another king
Numidarurh, qui amicitiam cum Scipione fecerat,
of-tne-Numidians, who friendship with Scipio had-made,
of Numidia, who had entered into alliance with Scipio,
Carthagini bellum. Annibal tres exploratores
to-Carthage war. Annibal three spies
to the very walls of Carthage. Annibal sent three spies in-
ad Scipionis castra misit, quos captos Scipio cir-
to of-Scipio camp sent, whom taken Scipio to-
to Scipio's camp, whom Scipio captured and or-
cumduci per castra jussit, ostendique eis totum
be-led-about through camp commanded, to-be-shown-and to-them whole
dered to be led round the camp, and the whole army to be ex-
exercitum, mox etiam prandium dari, dimitti-
army, presently also dinner to-be-given, to-be -dismiss-
hibited to them, and themselves to be feasted and dis-
que, ut renunciarent Annibali, quae apud Ro-
ed-and, that th«y-might-tell-again to-Annibal, what at Ro-
missed, that they might report to Annibal all that they had seen
manos vidissent. Interea praelium ab
mans they-might-have-seen. In-the-mean-time battle from
among the Romans. In the mean time both gene-
utroque duce instructum est, quale vix ulla, me-
both leader having-been-furnished is, such-as scarcely any in-
rals prepare for a battle, unparalleled in the
72 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

moria fuit, quum peritissimi viri copias suas ad

memory has-been, when most-skilled men forces their-own to
memory of man, since they were the ablest commanders that ever
bellum educerent. Scipio victor recedit, pene
war might-lead-out. Sci|>io conqueror goes-back, almost
drew out their forces in war. Scipio returns victorious, hav-
ipso Annibale capto, qui primum cum mul-
self Annibal having-been-taken, who at-first with ma-
ing almost captured Annibal himself, who escaped at first with
tis equitibus, deinde cum viginti, postremd cum
ny horsemen, from-thence with twenty, at-last with
several horse, then with twenty, and at last only
quatuor evasit. Inventa in castris Annibalis argenti
four went-off. Found in camp of-Annibal of-silver
with four. Twenty thousand pounds of silver
pondo viginti millia, auri octingenta, caetera
pounds twenty thousands, of-gold eight-hundred, other
were found in Annibal's camp, eight hundred of gold, with
supellectili copiosa. Post id certamen, pax cum
with-furniture plentiful. After that contest, peace with
plenty of stores. After that battle, a peace was
Carthaginiensibus facta est. Scipio Romam
Carthaginians having-been-made is. Scipio Rome
concluded with the Carthaginians. Scipio returned to
rediit, et ingenti gloria triumphavit, atque Africanus
went-back, and vast with-glory triumphed, and Africanus
Rome, and triumphed with great glory, receiving from that
ex eo appellari coeptus-est. Finem accepit secun-
from that to-be-addressed began. End received se-
period the appellation of Africanus. Thus an end was put to
dum Punicum bellum post annum nonum decimum,
cond Funic war after year ninth tenth,
the second Punic war, in the nineteenth year after iU
quam coeperat.
than it-had-begun.
commencement.
 LIBER QUARTUS. 73

LIBER QUARTUS.
BOOK FOURTH.
THE FOURTH BOOK.

Transacto Punico belk), secutum-est Macedo-

Having-been- acted-through Punic war, followed Macedo-
The Punic war being terminated, the Macedonian against
nicum contra Philippum regem.
nian against Philip king,
king Philip succeeded.
Quingentesimo et quinquagesimo primo anno ab
Five-hundredth and fiftieth first in-year from
In the five hundred and fifty first year from
urbe condita, Titus Quintius Flaminius adversus
city put-together, Titua Quintius Flaminius against
the building of the city, Titus Quintius Flaminius was sent
Philippum regem mittitur. Res prospere ges-
Philip king is-sent. Things prosperously he-
against king Philip. He was successful in this
sit ; pax ei data-est his legibus, ne
carried ; peace to-him was-given these with-laws, that-not
service ; peace was granted to Philip on these conditions, that he
Graeciae civitatibus, quas Romani contra eum de-
of-Greece to-cities, which Romans against him had-
should not make war on those states of Greece which had been
fenderant, bellum inferret ; ut captivos et trans-
defended, war he-might-bring-in ; that captives and de-
defended against him by the Romans ; that he should restore
K
74 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

fugas redderet ; quinquaginta solium naves

serters he-might-give-back ; fifty only ships
the prisoners and deserters ; retain only fifty
haberet, reliquas Romanis redderet; per annos
he-might-have, the-rest to-Romans he-might-give-up ; through years
vessels, and deliver up the rest to the Romans ; for ten years
decem quaterna millia pondo argenti prae-
ten four thousands of-pounds-weight of-silver he-might-
pay a tribute of four thousand pounds weight of
staret ; et obsidem daret, filium suum, Demetrium.
set-forth ; and hostage might-give, son his-own, Demetrius,
silver; and give his own son Demetrius for a hostage.
Titus Quintius etiam Lacedaemoniis intulit bellum ;
Titus Quintius also to-the-Lacedaemonians brought-in war ;
Titus Quintius made war also on the Lacedaemonians ;
ducem eorum, Nabidem vicit, et quibus voluit
leader of-them, Nahis he-conquered, and with-which he-wished
defeated their general Nabis, and admitted them
conditionibus in fidem accepit. Ingenti gloria
with-conditions into faith received. Vast with-glory
into alliance on such terms as he pleased. He led with great
duxit ante currum nobilissimos obsides,
he-led before chariot most-noble hostages,
ostentation before his chariot hostages of most noble rank,
Demetrium, Philippi filium, et Armenem Na-
Demetrius, of-Philip son, and Armenes of-
Demetrius, the son of Philip, and Armenes the son
bidis.
Nabis.
of Nabis.
Transacto bello Macedonico, secutum-est
Having-been-acted-through war Macedonian, followed
The Macedonian war being thus terminated, the Syrian
Syriacum contra Antiochum regem, Publio Cornelio
Syrian against Antiochus king, Publius '* Cornelius
against king Antiochus succeeded, Publius Cornelius
Scipione, Marco Acilio Glabrione consulibus.
Scipio, Marcus Acilius Glabrio consols.
Scipio and Marcus Acilius Glabrio being consuls.
 LIBER QUARTUS. 75

Huic Antiocho Annibal se junxerat, Carthaginem

To-this Antiochus Annibal himself had-joined, Carthage
To this Antiochus Annibal had joined himself, abandoning his
patriam suam, ne Romanis traderetur,
country his-own, that-not to-Romans he-might-be-given-over,
native country, Carthage, to avoid being delivered up to the
relinquens. Marcus Acilius Glabrio in Achaia
leaving. Marcus Acilius Glabrio in Achaia
Romans. Marcus Acilius Glabrio fought success-
pugnavit bene. Castra regis Antiochi nocturna
fought well. Camps of-king of-Antiuchus nightly
fully in Achaia. The camp of king Antiochus was taken by
pugna capta-sunt ; ipse fugatur. Philippo,
in-right were-taken ; self is-put-to-flight. To-Phtlip,
storm in the night, and he himself obliged to fly. Philip,
quia contra Antiochum Romanis auxilio fuisset,
because against Antiochus to-Romans for-help he-might-have-been,
having assisted the Romans in their contest with Antiochus,
filius Demetrius redditus est.
son Demetrius was-given-back.
had his son Demetrius restored to him.
Lucio Cornelio Scipione, Caio Laelio consulibus,
Lucius Cornelius Scipio, Caius Lelius consuls,
In the consulate of Lucius Cornelius Scipio and Caius Laelius,
Scipio Africanus, fratri suo, Lucio Cornelio Sci-
Scipio Africanus, to-brother his-own, to-Lucius Cornelius Sci-
Scipio Africanus went out as lieutenant to his brother
pioni consuli legatus contra Antiochum profectus-est.
pio consul deputy against Antiochus went-forth. -
Lucius Cornelius Scipio, the consul, against Antiochus.
Annibal, qui cum Antiocho erat, navali praelio
Annibal, who with Antiochus was, naval in-battle
Annibal, who was with Antiochus, was defeated in a
victus-est. Ipse postea Antiochus circa Sipylum
was-conquered. Self afterwards Antiochus about Sipylus
naval engagement. Antiochus himself was afterwards routed by
et Magnesiam, Asiae civitatem, a consule Cornelio
and Magnesia, of-Asia city, by consul Cornelius
Cornelius Scipio, the consul, in a considerable battle near
76 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

Scipione ingenti praelio fusus-est. Auxilio fuit

Scipio vast in-battle was-poured-out. For-help was
Sipylus and Magnesia, a city of Asia. Eumenes, who
Romani$ in ea pugna Eumenes, Attali regis frater,
to-Romans in that fight Eumenes, of-Attalus of-king brother,
founded the city of Eumenia in Phrygia, the brother of king Atta-
qui Eumeniam in Phrygia condidit. Quinquaginta
who Eumenia in Phrygia put-together. Fifty
lus, assisted the Romans in that engagement. Fifty
millia peditum, quatuor millia equitum, eo cer-
thousands of-foot-soldiers, four thousands of-horse-soldiers, that in-
thousand foot, and four thousand horse were slain in that
tamine ex parte regis occisa-sunt. Tum rex
contest from part of-king were-slain. Then king
battle on the side of the king. Upon that, king
Antiochus pacem petit, quae iisdem conditionibus
Antiochus peace seeks, which same with-conditions
Antiochus sued for peace, which was granted to him, al-
datur a senatu, quanquam victo, quibus anttb
is-given from senate, although conquered, with-which before
though vanquished, by the senate, on the same conditions as it
offerebatur; ut ex Europa et Asia recederet,
it-was-offered ; that from Europe and Asia he-might-go-back,
was offered before; that he should retire out of Europe and Asia,
atque intra Taurum se contineret; decern
and within Taurus himself might-hold-within; . ten
and confine himself to the other side of mount Taurus ; that he
millia talentorum et viginti obsides praeberet ;
thousands of-talents and twenty hostages might-afford ;
should deliver ten thousand talents and twenty hostages ;
Annibalem, concitatorem belli, dederet. Eumeni
Annibal, exciter of-war, might-give-up. To-Eumenes
and surrender Annibal, the author of the war. All the ci-
regi donatae-sunt omnes Asiae civitates, quas Anti-
to-king were-presented all of-Asia cities, which Anti-
ties of Asia, which Antiochus had lost in this war, were pre-
ochus bello perdiderat; et Rhodiis, qui auxilium
ochus in-war had-lost ; and to-llhodians, who help
tented to Eumenes ; many cities also were given
 s LIBER QUARTUS. 77

Romanis contra regem Antiochum tulerant, multae

to-Romans against king Antiochus had-brought, many
up to the Rhodians, who had assisted the Romans
urbes concessae-sunt. Scipio Romam rediit;
cities were-conceded. Scipio Rome went-back ;
against Antiochus. Scipio returned to Rome;
ingenti gloria triumphavit ; nomen et ipse,
vast with-glory triumphed; name and self,
celebrated his triumph with great ostentation ; and he also,
ad imitationem fratris, Asiatici accepit,
to imitation of-brother, Asiatic received,
after the example of his brother, received the name of Asiaticus,
quia Asiam vicerat; sicuti frater ipsius,
because Asia he-had-conquered ; so-as brother of-self,
from his conquest of Asia ; as his brother,
propter Africam domitam, Africanus appella-
on-account-of Africa tamed, Africanus was-ad-
on account of the reduction of Africa, had been styled
batur.
dressed.
Africanus.
Spurio Posthumio Albino, Quinto Marcio Philippo
Spurius Bosthumius Albinus, Quintus Marcius Philippus
Under the consuls Spurius Posthumius Albinus and Quintus Mar-
consulibus, Marcus Fulvius de iEtolis
consuls, Marcus Fulvius from " the-JEtolians
cius Philippus, Marcus Fulvius triumphed in consequence of a
triumphavit. Annibal, qui, victo
triumphed. Annibal, who, having-been-conquered
conquest over the ^Etolians. Annibal, who, on the defeat of
Antiocho, ne Romanis traderetur, ad Prusiam
Antiochus, that-not to-Romans he-might-be-given-over, to Prusias
Antiochus, had fled to Prusias, king of Bithynia, lest he should
Bithyniae regem fugerat, repetitus etiam ab eo
of-Bithynia king had-fled, having-been-resought also from him
be surrendered to the Romans, was demanded also at his
est per Titum Quintium Flaminium ; et cum tra-
is through Titus Quintius Flaminius; and when about-
hands by Titus Quintius Flaminius ; and when he
78 KUTROP1I HISTORIA.

dendus esset Romanis, venenum bibit, et

to-be-given-over he-might-be to-Romans, poison he-drank, and
was on the point of being surrendered, drank poison, and
apud Libyssam in finibus Nicomediensium sepultus-
at Libyssa in borders of-the-Nicomedians was-bu-
was buried at Libyssa, on the confines of the Nicomedi-
est.
ried.
ans.
Philippo, rege Macedoniae, mortuo, qui et ad-
Philip, king of-Macedonia, having-died, who and a-
On the death of Philip, king of Macedon, who had both
versum Romanos bellum gesserat, et postea Ro-
gainst Romans war had-carried, and afterwards to-
waged war with the Romans, and afterwards been
manis contra Antiochum auxilium tulerat, filius
Romans against Ahtiochus help had-brought, son
their ally against Antiochus, his
ejus, Perseus in Macedonia rebellavit, ingentibus
of-him, Perseus in Macedonia warred-again, vast
son Perseus revolted in Macedonia, having levied
copiis ad bellum paratis : nam adjutores habe-
forces to war having-been-prepared : for aiders he-was-
immense forces for the war : his allies be-
bat, Cotyn, Thraciae regem et Illyrici regem, Gen-
. having, Cotys, of-Thrace king and of-Illyricum king, Gen-
ing Cotys, king of Thrace, and the king of Illy ricum, whose
tium nomine. Romanis autem in auxilium erant
tius by-name. To-Romans but into help were
name was Gentius. The Romans were joined by
Eumenes Asiae rex, Ariarathes Cappadociae, Anti-
Eumenes of-Asia king, Ariarathes of-Cappadocia, Anti-
Eumenes, king of Asia, Ariarathes of Cappadocia, Anti-
ochus Syriae, Ptolemaeus ^Egypti, Masinissa Nu-
ochus of-Syria, Ptolemy of-Egypt, Masinissa of-Nu-
ochus of Syria, Ptolemy of Egypt, Masinissa ofNu-
midiae. Prusias autem, rex Bithyniae, quanquam
midia. Prusias but, king of-Bithynia, although
midia. Prusias however, the king of Bithynia, although
 LIBER QUARTUS. 79

sororem Persei uxorem haberet, utrisque se

sister of-Perseus wife he-might-have, to-both himself
he had married the sister of Perseus, remained
aequum praebuit. Dux Romanorum, Publius Lici-
equal afforded. Leader of-Romans, Publius Luci-
neutral. Publius Licinius, the consul, and general
nius consul, est a rege gravi praelio victus;
nius consul, is by king heavy in-battle having-been-conquered ;
of the Romans, was defeated by Perseus in a severe engagement;
neque tamen Romani, quanquam superati, regi
nor yet Romans, although overcome, lo-king
yet the Romans, although vanquished, would
petenti pacem praestare voluerunt, nisi his condi-
seeking peace to-set-forth wished, unless these with-
not grant peace to the king at his request, except on
tionibus, ut se et suos senatui et populo Ro-
conditions, that himself and his-own to-senate and to-people Ro-
condition that he should surrender himself and forces to the se-
mano dederet. Mox missus contra eum
man he-might-give-up. Presently sent . against him
nate and the Roman people. Lucius iEmilius Paulus, the consul,
Lucius iEmilius Paulus consul, et in Illyricum
Lucius iEmilius Paulus consul, and into Illyricum
was afterwards sent to oppose him, and Caius Anicius
Caius Anicius praetor contra Gentium : sed Gentius,
Caius Anicius praetor against Gentius : but Gentius,
the praetor into Illyricum against Gentius : but Gentius,
facile uno praelio victus, mox se dedidit;
easily one in-battle having-been-conquered, presently himself gave-up ;
being defeated with ease in a single battle, soon surrendered ;
mater ejus, et uxor, et duo filii, frater quoque ejus,
mother of-him, and wife, and two sons, brother also of-him,
his mother, wife, his two sons, and his brother,
simul in potestatem Romanorum venerunt. Ita
together into power ' of-Romans came. So
fell at the same time into the power of the Romans. Thus
bello intra dies triginta perfecto, ante cogni-
war within days thirty having-been-done-through, before it-
the war was terminated within thirty days, and the news
 80 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

tum-est Gentium victum, quam coeptum bellum

was-known Gentius having-been-conquered, than begun war
of Gentius's defeat arrived before it was announced that the war
nunciaretur.
might-be-told.
had been begun.
Cum Perseo autem iEmilius Paulus consul ter-
With Perseus but iijnilius Paulus cousul on-the
But iEmilius Paulus the consul came to an engagement with
tio nonas Septembris dimicavit, vicitqueeum,
third (day-before) the-nones of-September fought, conquered-and him,
Perseus on the third of the nones of September, and defeated him,
viginti millibus peditum ejus occisis ; equitatus
twenty thousands of-foot-soldiers of-him having-been-slain ; cavalry
killing twenty thousand of his foot ; the horse, '
cum rege fuit integer; Romanorum
with king was entire; of-Romans
which kept with the king, remained unbroken; of the Romans
centum milites amissi-sunt. Urbes Macedonia
hundred soldiers were-lost. Cities of-Macedonia
a hundred soldiers were lost. All the cities of Mace-
omnes, quas rex tenuerat, Romanis se dedide-
all, which king had-held, to-Romans themselves gave-
donia, of which Perseus had been master, submitted to the Ro-
runt. Ipse rex, cum desereretur ab amicis,
up. Self king, when he-might-be-deserted by friends,
mans. The king himself, deserted by his friends,
venit in Pauli potestatem; sed honorem ei iEmi-
came into of-Paulus , power ; but honor to-him ^Emi-
surrendered to Paulus ; but Paulus treated him hono-
lius non quasi victo habuit, nam et volentem
liu8 not as-if conquered had, for and wishing
rably, and not as a vanquished enemy, for he would not per-
sibi ad pedes cadere non permisit, sed
to-himself to feet to-fall not hVpermitted, but
mit him when he desired to prostrate himself before him, but
juxta se in sella collocavit. Macedonibus et
near himself in seat he-placed-togetber. To -Macedonians and
placed him in a seat by his side. The conditions im-
 LIBER QUARTUS. 81

Illyriis hae leges datae-sunt, ut

to-lllyrians these laws were-given, that
posed upon the Macedonians and Illyrians were these ; that
liberi essent, et dimidium eorum tributorum
free they-might-be, and half . those of-tributes
they should remain free, paying only half the tribute which they
praestarent, quae regibus praestitissent ; ut ap-
might-set-fortb, which to-kings might-have-been-set-forth ; that it-
had been accustomed to pay to their kings ; that it
pareret, populum Romanum pro aequitate magis
might-appear, people Roman for equity more
might be seen that the Roman people contended on the principles
quam pro avaritia dimicare : atque in conventu
than for avarice to-fight : and in the-coming-together
of equity and not of covetousness : and, in an assembly of a
infinitorum populorum Paulus haec pronunciavit ;
infinite of-people Paulus these told-forth ;
very great concourse of people, Paulus proclaimed these terms ;
et legationes multarum gentium, quae ad eum
and deputations many of-nations, which to him
entertaining the ambassadors of several states, which had waited
venerant, magnificentissimo pavit convivio, dicens,
had-come, most-magnificent he-fed with-feast, saying,
on him, with a most sumptuous feast; saying
ejusdem hominis esse debere, et bello
of-the-same of-man to-be to-owe, and in-war
that it was consistent with the same individual, to be victo-
vincere, et convivii apparatu elegantem esse.
to-conquer, and of-feast in-preparation elegant to-be.
rious in war, and elegant in his entertainments.
Mox septuaginta civitates Epiri, quae rebellarant,
Presently seventy cities of-Epirus, which had-warred-again,
Shortly after he took seventy cities of Epirus, which had re-
cepit ; praedam militibus distribuit.
he-took; prey to-soldiers he-distributed.
volted ; the booty he distributed among the soldiers.
Romam cum ingenti pompa rediit in nave
Rome with vast pomp he-went-back in ship
He returned to Rome with great triumph, in a vessel belong-
82 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Persei, quae inusitatae magnitudinis fuisse

of-Perseus, which unusual of-magnitude to-have-been
ing to Perseus, which is recorded to have been of such surpri-
traditur, aded ut sexdecim ordines habuisse
is-delivered-over, to-that-degree that sixteen rows to-have-bad
sing magnitude, that it contained sixteen
dicatur remorum. Triumphavit autem magnifi-
it-may-be-said of-oars. He-triumphed but most-mag-
banks of oars. He celebrated his triumph most mag-
centissime in curru aureo, cum duobus filiis utroque
nificently in chariot golden, with two sons both
nificently in a golden car, with his two sons on
latere astantibus : ducti-sunt ante currum duo regis
by-side standing-near : were-led before chariot two of-king
each side ; the two sons of Perseus, and the king him-
filii, et ipse Perseus, quadraginta quinque annos
sons, and self Perseus, forty five years
self, then forty-five years of age, were conducted in procession be-
natus. Post eum etiam Caius Anicius de
born. After him also Caius Anicius from
fore the car. After iEmilius Caius Anicius celebrated a triumph on
Illyriis triumphavit : Gentius cum fratre et
Illyrians triumphed: Gentius with brother and
account of the Illyrians: in which Gentius, with his brother and
filiis ante currum ductus-est. Ad hoc spectaculum
sons before cbariot was-led. To this spectacle
sons were led before his car. To witness this spec-
multarum gentium reges Romam venerunt ; inter
many of-nations kings to-Rome came ; among
tacle the kings of several nations came to Rome ; among
alios etiam venit Attalus atque Eumenes, Asiae reges,
others also came Attalus and Eumenes, of-Asia kings,
others, even Attalus and Eumenes, kings of Asia,
atque Prusias Bithyniae ; magno honore accepti-
and Prusias of-Bithynia ; great with-honor they-were-
and Prusias, king of Bithynia ; they were entertained with
sunt, . i et, permittente senatu, dona,
received, aud, permitting wilh-senate, gifts,
great consideration, and, by permission of the senate, deposited
 LIBER QUARTUS. 83

quae attulerant, in capitolio posuerunt. Prusias

which they-had-brought, in capitol they-placed. Prusias
the presents which they brought in the capitol. Prusias
etiam, filium suum, Nicomedem senatui com-
also, son bis-own, Nicomedes to-senate com-
also entrusted his son Nicomedes to the
mendavit.
mitted.
senate.
Insequenti anno Lucius Memmius in Hispania
Following in-year Lucius Memmius in Spain
In the year following Lucius Memmius fought with
bene pugnavit. Marcellus postea consul res ibi-
well fought. Marcellus afterwards consul things in-the-
success in Spain. Marcellus the consul afterwards met with
dem prospere gessit.
same-part prosperously carried.
success in the same quarter.
Tertium deinde bellum contra Carthaginem sus-
Third from-thenco war against Carthage is-
A third war was then undertaken against Car-
cipitur, sexcentesimo et altero anno ab urbe con-
undertaken, six-hundredth and another in-year from city put-
thage, in the six hundred and first year from the building of
dita, Lucio Manlio Censorino et Marco Manilio
together, Lucius Manlius Censorinus and Marcus Manilius
the city, in the consulate of Lucius Manlius Censorinus and Mar-
consulibus, anno quinquagesirao primo postquam
consuls, in-year fiftieth first after-that
cus Manilius, in the fifty-first year after the
secundum Punicum bellum transactum-erat. Hi
second Punic war had-been-acted-through. These
termination of the second Punic war. The
profecti Carthaginem oppugnaverunt. Contra
setting-out Carthage fought-against. Against
consuls proceeded accordingly to attack Carthage. Asdru-
eos Asdrubal, dux Carthaginiensium, dimicabat : Fa-
them Asdrubal, leader of-Carthaginians, was-fighting : Fa-
bal, the Carthaginian general, engaged them: Fa-
84 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

mea, dux alius, equitatui praeerat Carthaginien-

mea, leader another, to-cavalry was-before of-Carthagi-
mea, another general, commanded the Carthaginian
sium. Scipio tunc, Scipionis Africani nepos,
nians. Scipio then, of-Scipio Afrieanus grandson,
cavalry. At that time, Scipio, the grandson of Scipio Afrieanus,
tribunus ibi militabat, cujus apud
tribune there was-being-a-soldier, of-whom at
served in the army in the capacity of tribune, and was held
omnes ingens metus et reverentia erat ; nam et para-
all vast fear and reverence was; for and mosr-
in the greatest dread and veneration by all ; being considered
tissimus ad dimicandum, et consultissimus habeba-
prepared to to-figbt, and most-consulted he-was-
both the boldest warrior and the most scientific officer of his
tur. Itaque per eum multa prospere gesta-sunt :
had. And-so through him many(things) prosperously were-carried :
age. Many successful exploits were therefore attributable to him ;
neque quidquam magls vel Asdrubal vel Famea vita-
nor any-thing more or Asdrubal or Famea were-
nor did Asdrubal or Famea shun any thing;
bant, quam contra eam Romanorum partem pugnam
avoiding, than against that of-Romans part fight
more, than to engage with that part of the
committere, ubi Scipio dimicabat.
to-send -together, where Scipio was-fighting.
army, where Scipio was stationed.
Per idem tempus Masinissa, rex Numidarum,
Through the-same time Masinissa, king of-the-Numidians,
About the same time, Masinissa, king of Numidia,
per annos sexaginta fere amicus populi Romani,
through years sixty ' almost friend of-people Roman,
who had been an ally of the Roman people for nearly sixty years,
anno vitae suae nonagesimo septimo mortuus-est,
in-year of-life his ninetieth seventh died,
died in the ninety-seventh year of his age,
quadraginta quatuor filiis relictis. Scipionem
forty four sons having-been-left. Scipio
leaving behind him forty-four sons. He
 LIBER QUARTUS. 85

divisorem regni inter filios esse

divider of-kingdom between sons to-be
appointed Scipio to portion out his kingdom amongst his
jussit.
he-commanded,
sons.
Cum igitur clarum Scipionis nomen esset,
When therefore bright of-Scipio name might-be,
The name of Scipio therefore having already become famous,
juvenis adhuc consul est-factus, et contra
young hitherto con»ul he-was-made, and against
he was created consul, although but a young man, and sent
Carthaginem missus. Is eam cepit ac diruit :
Carthage sent. He it took and pulled-down :
against Carthage. He took it and demolished it :
spolia ibi inventa, quae de variarum civitatum
spoils there found, which from various of-cities
the spoils found there, which had been amassed by Carthage
excidiis Carthago collegerat, et ornamenta urbium,
razings Carthage had-collected, and ornaments of-cities,
from the ruins of various states, and the ornaments of cities,
civitatibus Sicilian, Italire, et Africae reddidit, qua?
to-cities of-Sicily, of-Italy, and of-Africa he-gave-back, which
he restored to those of Sicily, Italy, and Africa, who
sua recognoscebant. Ita Carthago, septingen-
their-own were-knowing-again. So Carthage, seven-
reclaimed them. Thus Carthage, in the seven
tesimo anno postquam condita-erat, deleta-est.
hundredth in-year after-that it-had-been-put-together, was-blotted-out.
hundredth year after its foundation, was destroyed.
Scipio nomen, quod avus ejus acceperat,
Scipio name, which grandfather of-him had-received,
Scipio earned the same title which had been conferred on his
meruit, scilicet, ut propter virtutem etiam ipse
deserved, namely, that on-account-of virtue also self
grandfather, being, on account of his valor, himself
Africanus Junior vocaretur.
Africanus Junior might-be-called.
styled Africanus Junior.
8b" EUTROPII HISTOR1A.

Interim in Macedonia quidam Pseudo-Phi-

In-the-mean-time in Macedonia a-cettain false-Phi-
In the mean time a counterfeit Philip took up arms
lippus arma movit, et Romanum praetorem, Publium
lip arms moved, and Roman praetor, Publius
in Macedonia, and defeated Pnblius Juvencius, the Ro-
Juvencium, contra se missum, ad interne-
Jurencius, against himself sent, to mas-
man praetor, who had been sent out against him, with a terri-
cionem vicit. Post eum Quintus Caecilius Metellus
sacre conquered. After him Quintus Csecilius Metellus
ble slaughter. After him Quintus Caecilius Metellus
dux a Romanis contra Pseudo-Philippum missus-
leader from Romans against the-false-Philip was-
was sent by the Romans as general against this Pseudo-
est, et, viginti quinque millibus ex militibus ejus
sent, and, twenty five thousands out-of soldiers of-him
Philip, and, having slain twenty-five thousand of his
occisis, Macedoniam recepit; ipsum etiam
having-been-slain, Macedonia he-recovered ; self also
soldiers, recovered Macedonia ; and the im-
Pseudo-Philippum in potestatem suam redegit.
the-false-Philip into power his-own he-reduced,
postor himself fell into his power.
Corinthiis quoque bellum indictum-est, nobilis-
To-the-Corinthians also war was-declared, most-
War was also declared against Corinth, the no-
simae Graeciae civitati, propter injuriam legatorum
noble of-Greece to-city, on-account-of injury , of-deputies
blest city of Greece, on account of the indignity offered to
Romanorum. Hanc Mummius consul cepit
Roman. This Mummius consul took
the Roman ambassadors. That city Mummius the consul took
ac diruit. Tres igitur Roma? simul cele-
and threw-down. Three therefore at-Rome at-the-saroe-time most-
and demolished. Three most celebrated triumphs therefore were
berrimi triumphi fuerunt, Africani ex Africa, ante
celebrated triumphs were, of-Africanus from Africa, before
held at Rome at the same time, that of Scipio, for Africa, before
 LIBER QUARTUS. 87

cujus currum ductus-est Asdrubal ; Metelli ex Ma-

whose chariot was-led Asdrubal ; of-Metellus from Ma-
whose chariot Asdrubal was led ; of Metellus for Ma
cedonia, cujus currum praecessit Andriscus, qui
cedonia, whose chariot went-before Andriscus, who
cedonia, whose chariot was preceded by Andriscus, also
et Pseudo-Philippus dicitur; Mummii ex Corintho,
and False-Philip is-said ; of-Mummius from Corinth,
called Pseudo-Philip ; and that of Mummius, on
ante quem signa aenea, et pictae tabulae, et
before whom signs brazen, and painted tablets, and
account of Corinth; before whom brazen statues, pictures, and
alia urbis clarissimae ornamenta praelata-sunt.
other of-city most-bright ornaments wcre-borne-hefore.
other ornaments of that celebrated city, were carried.
Iterum in Macedonia Pseudo-Perseus, qui
Again in Macedonia a-false-Perseus, who
In the mean time in Macedonia a Pseudo-Perseus, who
se Persei filium esse dicebat, collectis
himself of-Perseus son to-he was-saying, having-been-gathered-together
called himself the son of Perseus, collecting the
servis, rebellavit ; et cum septemdecim armatorum
slaves, rebelled ; and when seventeen of-armfd(men)
slaves, rebelled ; ' and, with an army of seventeen
millia haberet, a Tremellio quaestore superatus-
thousands he-might-have, from Tremellius quaestor . was-over-
thousand fighting men, was defeated by Tremellius the
est.
come,
queestor.
Eodem tempore Metellus in Celtiberia apud
Same in-time Metellus in Celtiberia at
About the same time Metellus distinguished himself by his
Hispanos egregias res gessit. Successit
Spaniards excellent things carried. Succeeded
singular success against the Spaniards in Celtiberia. Quintus
ei Quintus Pompeius. Nec multo post Quintus
to-him Quintus Pompeius. Nor much after Quintus
Pompeius succeeded him. Not long after Quintus
88 EUTROPII H1STORIA.

quoque Caepio ad idem bellum missus, quod qui-

also Csepio to the-same war sent, which a-cer-
Cajpio was also sent to the same war, which a leader
dam Viriatus contra Romanos in Lusitania gerebat ;
tain Viriatus against the-Romans in Lusitania was-carrying ;
named Viriatus was maintaining against the Romans in Lusitania ;
quo metu Viriatus a suis interfectus-est, cum
which from-fear Viriatus by his-own was-killed, when
through fear of whom the soldiers of Viriatus slew him, after
quatuordecim annos Hispanias adversum Romanos
fourteen years Spains against the-Romans
he had excited an insurrection in Spain against the Romans for
movisset. Pastor primd fuit, mox latro-
he-might-have-moved. Shepherd at-first he-was, presently of-rob-
fourteen years. He was at first a shepherd, then captain of a
num dux, postremd tantos ad bellum populos
bers leader, lastly so-great to war peoples
band of robbers, lastly he excited so many powerful na-
concitavit, ut assertor contra Romanos Hispaniae
he-stirred-together, that claimer against the-Romans of-Spain
tions to war, that he was considered as the protector of Spain
putaretur; et cum interfectores ejus prae-
he-might-be-thought ; and when killers of-him re-
against the Romans ; and when his murderers demanded
mium a Caepione consule peterent, responsum-
ward from Caepio consul might-seek, it-was-an-
a reward of Caepio the consul, they received for
est, nunquam Romanis placuisse, imperatorem
swered, never to-Romans to-have-pleased, commander
answer, that it was never pleasing to the Romans, that a general
a suis militibus interfici.
by his-own soldiers to-be-killed,
should be slain by his own soldiers.
Quintus Pompeius deinde consul a
Quintus Pompeius from-thence consul by
Quintus Pompey the consul being afterwards defeated by
Numantinis, quae Hispaniae civitas fuit opulentissi-
the-Numantines, which of-Spain city was most-weal-
the Numantines, the most opulent nation
 LIBER QUARTUS. 89

ma, superatus, pacem ignobilem fecit. Post eum

thy, overcome, peace ignoble made. After him
of Spain, made an ignominious peace. After him
Caius Hostilius Mancinus consul iterum cum Nu-
Caius Hostilius Mancinus consul again with the-Nu-
Caius Hostilius Mancinus, the consul, again concluded an
mantinis pacem fecit infamem, quam populus et
mantines peace made disreputable, which people and
infamous peace with the Numantines, which the people and
senatus jussit infringi, atque ipsum Mancinum
senate commanded to-be-broken-into, and self Mancinus
senate ordered to be dissolved, and Mancinus himself to be
hostibus tradi, ut in illo, quem auctorem
to-the-enemies to-be-given-over, that in him, whom author
given up to the enemy, that they might avenge themselves
foederis habebant, injuriam soluti foederis vindica-
of-treaty they-were-having, injustice loosened of-treaty they-might-
for . this infraction of the treaty upon the author
rent. Post tantam igitur ignominiam, qua a
avenge. After so-great therefore ignominy, in-which by
of it. After this signal disgrace therefore, incurred
Numantinis bis Romani exercitus fuerant subju-
the-Numantines twice Roman armies had-been brought-under-
by the Roman armies in two defeats by the Numan-
gati, Publius Scipio Africanus secundum consul
the-yoke, Publius Scipio Africanus secondly consul
lines, Publius Scipio Africanus was created a second
factus, et ad Numantiam missus-est. Is primum
made, and to Numantia was-sent. He firstly
time consul, and sent to Numantia. It was his
militem, vitiosum et ignavum, exercendo
soldier, vicious and inactive, by-exercising
first care to reform the dissolute and idle soldiery, without se-
magis quam puniendo, sine aliqua acerbitate cor-
more than by-punishing, without any bitterness cor-
verity, but rather by inuring them to labor than by punish-
rexit. Tum multas Hispaniae civitates partim bello
rected. Then many of-Spain cities partly in-war
menf. After that he took several cities of Spain, some
M
no EUTROPII HISTORIA.

cepit, partim in deditionem accepit. Postremd

he-took, partly into a-giving-up he-received. Lastly
by force, others he gained by surrender. At length,
ipsam Numantiam, diu obsessam, fame con-
self Numantia, for-a-long-time besieged, by-hunger he-,
he reduced Numantia itself by famine, after a long
fecit, et a solo evertit : reliquam provinciam
finished, and from the-soil turned-up : the-rest the-province
siege, and razed it to the ground ; the rest of the province
in fidem accepit. , ,
into faith he-received.
he received into alliance. >
Eo tempore Attalus, rex Asia?, frater Eume-
That in-time Attalus, king of-Asia, brother nf-Enme-
About that time Attalus, the king of Asia, brother of Eume-
nis, mortuus-est, haeredemque populum Romanum
nes, died, heir-and people Roman
nes, died, and left the Roman people his
reliquit. Ita imperio Romano per testamentum
left. So to-empire Roman through a-will
heir. Thus Asia was added to the Roman- em-
Asia accessit.
Asia approached,
pire by will.
Mox etiam Decimus Junius Brutus de
Presently also Decimus Junius Brutus from
Shortly after also Decimus Junius Brutus ob-
Gallaecis et Lusitanis triumphavit magna gloria ;
the-Gallaacians and the-Lusitanians triumphed great with-glory ;
tained a magnificent triumph over the Gallaecians and Lusitanfans ;
et Publius Scipio Africanus de Numantinis secun-
and Publius Scipio Africanus from the-Numantines se-
and Publius Scipio Africanus a second on account
dum triumphum egit, quarto decimo anno postquam
cond triumph acted, fourth tenth in-year after-thaf
of the Numantines, in the fourteenth year after his
priorem de Africa egerat.
former from Africa he-had-acted.
first triumph on account of Africa.
 . LIBER QUARTUS. 91
I
Motum interim in Asia bellum est ab Aristo-
Moved in-the-mean-time in Asia war is from Aristo-
A war in the mean time is kindled in Asia by Aristo-
nico, Eumenis filio, qui . ex concubina susceptus
nicus, of-Eumenes son, who from concubine begotten
nicus, the son of Eumenes by a con-
fuerat : is Eumenes frater Attali fuerat. Adversus
had-been : that Eumenes brother of-Attalus had-been. Against
cubine: this Eumenes was the brother of Attalus. Publius
eum missus-est Publius Licinius Crassus. Habuit
him was-sent Publius Licinius Crassus. He-had
Licinius Crassus was sent out against him. . He was
infinita regum auxilia, nam et, Bithyniae rex, Ni-
unlimited of-kings helps, for and, of-Bithynia king, Nt-
assisted by several kings, for both Nicomedes, the king of
comedes Romanos juvit, et Mithridates Pon-
comedes the-Romans assisted, and Mithridates belonging-to-
Bithynia, assisted the Romans, and Mithridates the king of
ticus, cum quo postea bellum gravissimum fuit,
Pontus, with whom afterwards war most-heavy was,
Pontus, with whom afterwards they were engaged in a serious war,
et Ariarathes Cappadox, et Pylaemenes
and Ariarathes the-Cappadocian, and Pylasmenes
arid Ariarathes the king of Cappadocia, and Pylsemenes
Paphlagon. Victus-est tamen Crassus, et in
the-Paphlagonian. Was-conquered yet Crassus, and in
of Paphlagonia. Crassus notwithstanding was defeated, and
praelio interfectus ; caput ejus Aristonico oblatum-
battle killed; head of-him to-Aristonicu* was-offer-
slain in battle; his head carried to Aristoni-
est, corpus Smyrnae sepultum. Postea Perpenna,
ed, body at-Smyrna buried. Afterwards Perpenna,
cus, and his body buried at Smyrna. After that, Perpenna, .
consul Romanus, qui successor Crasso veniebat,
consul Roman, who successor to-Crassus was-coming,
the Roman consul, who was appointed successor to Crassus,
audita belli fortuha, ad Asiam celeravit; et,
having-been-hcard of-war fortune, to Asia quickened ; and,
hearing of the event of the war, hastened to Asia ; and
92 liUTROPII HISTOR1A.

acie victum, Aristonicum, apud Stratonicen civita-

in-edge conquered, Aristonicus, . at Stratonice ci-
defeating Aristonicus in battle, near the city Strato-
tem, quo fugerat, fame ad deditionem compulit.
ty, whither he-had-8ed, by-hunger to surrender drove,
nice, to which he had fled, reduced him by famine to surrender.
Aristonicus jussu senatus Romae in carcere stran-
Aristonicus by-command of-senate at-Rome in prison stran-
Aristonicus, by command of the senate, was strangled in prison
gulatus, triumphari enim de eo non poterat,
gled, to-be-triumphed for from him not it-was-able,
at Rome, for a triumph could not be celebrated on his account,
quia Perpenna apud Pergamum rediens diem
because Perpenna at Pergamus going-back day
because Perpenna when on his return had died at
obierat.
had-gone- through .
Pergamus.
Lucio Caecilio Metello et Tito Quintio Flaminio
Lucius Caecilius Metellus and Titus Quintius Flaminius
In the consulate of Lucius Caecilius Metellus and Titus Quintius
consulibus, Carthago in Africa jussu senatus
consuls, Carthage in Africa by-command of-the-senate
Flaminius, Carthage in Africa, which still remains, was
reparata-est, quae nunc manet, annis duobus et
was-prepared-again, which now remains, in-years two and
rebuilt, by order of the senate, two and twenty years
viginti postquam a Scipione fuerat eversa. De-
twenty after-that by Scipio it-had-been overturned. Led-
after it had been demolished by Scipio. A
ducti ed sunt cives Romani.
down thither are citizens Roman,
colony of Roman citizens was led there.
Anno sexcentesimo vicesimo septimo ab urbe
In-jear six-handredth twentieth seventh from city
In the six hundred and twenty-seventh year from the building
condita, Caius Cassius Longinus et Sextus Domitius
put-together, Caius Cassius Longinus and Sextns Domitius
of the city, Caius Cassius Longinus and Sextus Domitius
 LIBER QUARTUS. 93

Calvinus consules Gallis Transalpinis bellum intu-

Calvinus consuls to-Gauls beyond-the-Alps war brought-
Calvinus, the consuls, made war upon the Transalpine
lerunt, et Arvernorum nobilissimae tum civitati atque
in, and of-the-Arverni most-noble then to-city and
Gauls, and the city of the Arverni, at that time very celebrated,
eorum regi, Bituito ; infinitamque multitudinem
of-them to-king, to-Bituitus; endless-and multitude
and their king, Bituitus ; and slew an immense mul-
juxta Rhodanum fluvium interfecerunt. Praeda ex
near Rhone river killed. Prey from
titude near the river Rhone. A very con-
torquibus Gallorum ingens Romam per-
collars of-Gauls vast to-Rome was-
siderable booty consisting of the golden collars of the Gauls was
lata-est. Bituitus se Domitio dedidit,
brought-through. Bituitus himself to-Domitius gave-up,
brought to Rome. Bituitus surrendered himself to Domitius,
atque ab eo Romam ductus-est ; magnaque gloria
and by him to-Rome was-led ; great-and with-glory
and was conveyed by him to Rome ; and both consuls
consules ambo triumpharunt.
consuls both triumphed,
triumphed with great glory.
Marco Porcio Catone et Quinto Marco Rege
Marcus Porcius Cato and Quintus Marcus Rex
In the consulate of Marcus Porcius Cato and Quintus Mar-
consulibus, sexcentesimo trigesimo anno et tertio ab
consuls, six-hundredth thirtieth in-year and third from
cus Rex, in the six hundred and thirty-third year from the
urbe condita, Narbona in Gallia colonia deducta-
cily put-together, Narbonne in Gaul colony wasled-
building of the city, a colony was conveyed to Narbonne in
est. Post a Lucio Metello et Quinto Mucio
down. Afterwards by Lucius Metellus and Quintus Mucius
Gaul. Afterwards a triumph was obtained over the Dalmatians
Scaevola consulibus de Dalmatia triumphatum-est
Scsevola consuls from Dalmatia it-was-triumphed.
by Lucius Metellus and Quintus Mucius Scsevola the consuls.
94 EITTROP1I HJSTORIA.

Ab urbe condita anno sexcentesimo trigesimo

From city put-together in-year srx-hundreth thirtieth
In the six hundred and thirty-fifth year from the building of
quinto, Caius Cato consul Scordiscis intulit bellum,
fifth, Caius Cato consul to-the-Scordisci brought-in war,
the city, Caius Cato, the consul, made war upon the Scordisci,
ignominioseque pugnavit.
ignominiously-and fought.
but disgraced himself in the engagement.
Caio Caecilio Metello et Cnaeo Carbone consu-
Caius Caecilius Metellus and Cna.us Carbo con- .
Caius Csecilius Metellus and Cneeus Carbo being
libus, duo Metelli fratres, eodem die, alterura ex
suls, two the-Metelli brothers, same in-day, the-other from
consuls, the Metelli, two brothers, triumphed on the same
Thracia, ex Sardinia alterum, triumphum egerunt :
Thrace, from Sardinia the-otber, triumph acted :
day, one for Thrace, the other for Sardinia :
nunciatumque Romae est, Cimbros e Gallia in
having-been-reported-and at-Rome it-is, the-Cimbri from Gaul into
and news was brought to Rome, that the Cimbri had crossed
Italiam transisse.
Italy to-have-gone-over.
out of Gaul into Italy.
Publio Scipione Nasica et Lucio Calpurnio Bestia.
Publius Scipid Nasica and Lucius Calpurnius Bestia
Publius Scipio Nasica and Lucius Calpurnius Bestia
consulibus, Jugurthae, Numidarum regi, bellum illa-
consuls, to-Jngurtha, of-Numidians to-king, war was-
being consuls, war was made upon Jugurtha, king of
tum-est, quod Adherbalem et Hiempsalem, Mici-
brought-in, because Adherbal and Hiempsal, of-Mici-
Numidia, because he had murdered Adherbal and Hiempsal,
psae filios, fratres suos, reges, et populi Romani
psa sons, brothers bis-own, kings, and of-people Roman
the sons of Micipsa, his cousins, kings and allies of the
amicos, interemisset. Missus adversus eum consul
friends, he-inight-have-killed. Sent against him consul
Roman people. Calpurnius Bestia, the consul,
 LIBER QUARTUS. 95

Calpurnius Bestia, corruptus regis pecunia,

Calpurnius Bestia, corrupted of-king by-money,
was sent against him, but being corrupted by the king's money,
pacem cum eo flagitiosissimam fecit, quae a se-
peace with him most-wicked made, which by se-
concluded a most ignominious peace with him, which was af-
natu reprobata-est. Postea contra eundem in
nate was-disapproved. Afterwards against the-same fol-
terwards annulled by the senate, Spurius Albinus Posthumius
sequenti anno Spurius Albinus Posthumius profectus-
- lowing in-year Spurius Albinus Posthumius went-
proceeded against him in the following
est : is quoque per fratrem ignominiose contra
forth : he also through brother disgracefully against
year : he also through his brother met with a disgraceful de-
Numidas pugnavit.
Numidians fought,
feat from the Numidians.
Tertio missus Quintus Caecilius Metellus
Thirdly sent Quintus Caecilius Metellus
Quintus Caecilitts Metellus the consul being sent out as the
consul, exercitum, ingenti severitate
consul, army, vast with-severity
third general against him, brought back the army, which he reformed
et moderatione correctum, cum nihil in quenquam
and with-moderation corrected, when nothing into aiiy-one
with great severity and judgment, without being guilty of the least
cruentum faceret, ad disciplinam Romanam
bloody he-might-do, to . discipline Roman
cruelty towards any individual, to the ancient Roman
reduxit. Jugurtham variis praeliis vicit, ele-
he-brought-back. Jugurtha various in-battles he-conquered, ele-
: discipline. He defeated Jugurtha in several battles, kill-
phantos ejus occidit vel cepit : et cum jam bello
, phants of-him he-slew or took : and when now . to-war
ing , or taking his elephants : and, when on the point
finem impositurus esset, successum-est ei a Caio
end about-to-put-npon he- might-be, it-was-succeeded to-him by Caius
of putting an end to the war, was succeeded by Caius
96 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Mario. Is Jugurtham et Bocchum, Maurita-

Marius. He Jugurtha and Bocchus, of-Maurita-
Marius. Marius defeated both Jugurtha and Bocchus, the king
niae regem, qui auxilium Jugurthae ferre coeperat,
nia king, who help to-Jugurtha to-bring had-begun,
of Mauritania, who had begun to afford assistance
pariter superavit : aliquanta et ipse oppida Numidiae
equally overcome : some-few and self towns of-Numidia
to Jugurtha : he also took a few towns of Nu-
cepit, belloque terminum posuit, capto Jugur-
he-took, to-war-and bound he-put, baving-been-taken Jugur-
midia, and put an end to the war, having by means
tha per quaestorem suum Cornelium Syllam, ingen-
tha through quaestor his-own Cornelius Sylla, very-
of his qusestor Cornelius Sylla, a distin-
tem virum, tradente Boccho Jugurtham, qui pro
great man, giving-over Bocchus . Jugurtha, who for
guished man, taken Jugurtha prisoner, whom Bocchus, who had
eo ante pugnaverat.
him before had-fought.
before fought for him, betrayed.
A Marco Junio Silano, collega Quinti Metelli,
By Marcus Junius Silanus, colleague of-Quintus Metellus,
In Gaul, the Cimbri were defeated by Marcus Junius Silanus,
Cimbri in Gallia, et a Minutio Rufo in Macedonia
the-Cirobri in Gaul, and by Minutius Rufus in Macedonia
the colleague of Quintus Metellus, the Scordisci and Triballi in
Scordisci et Triballi, et a Servilio Caepione in
the-Scordisci and the-Triballi, and by Servilius Caepio in
Macedonia by Minutius Rufus, and the Lusitani ' in
Hispania Lusitani, victi-sunt ; et duo triumphi de
Spain the-Lusitani, wereconquered ; and two triumphs from
Spain by Servilius Caepio : and two triumphs- were
Jugurtha, primus per Metellum, secundus per Ma-
Jugurtha, first through Metellus, second through Ma-
celebrated on account of Jugurtha, one by Metellus, the
rium, acti-sunt. Ante currum tamen Marii Jugur-
rius, were-acted. Before chariot yet of-Marius Jugur-
other by Marius. But before the chariot of Marius, Jugur-
 LIBER QUARTUS. 97

tha cum duobus filiis ductus-est catenatus, et mox

tha with two sons was- led chained, and presently
tha and his two sons were led in chains, and soon
jussu consulis in carcere strangulatus.
by-command of-consul in prison strangled,
after by order of the consul he was strangled in prison.
 EUTROPII HISTOR1A.

LIBER QUINTUS.
BOOK FIFTH.
THE FIFTH BOOK.

Dum bellum in Numidia contra Jugurtham geri-

Whilst war in Numidia against Jugurtha is-car-
While the war is carried on in Numidia against Jugur-
tur, Romani consules, Marcus Manilius et Quintus
ried, Roman consuls, Marcus Manilius and Quintus
tha, the Roman consuls, Marcus Manilius and Quintus
Caepio, a Cimbris, et Teutonibus, et Tigurinis, et
Ca?pio, by the-Cimbri, and Teutones, and Tigurini, and
Csepio, were defeated by the Cimbri, Teutones, Tigu-
Ambronibus, quae erant Germanorum et Gallorum
Ambrones, which were of-Gennans and of-Gauls
rini, and Ambrones, nations inhabiting Ger-
gentes, victi-sunt juxta flumen Rhodanum ; et,
nations, were-conquered near river Rhone ; and,
many and Gaul, near the river Rhone; and
ingenti internecione attriti, etiam castra sua et
vast with-carnage rubbed, also camp their-own and
being routed with a terrible .slaughter, lost even their camp
magnam partem exercitus perdiderunt. Timor
great part of-army they-Iost. Fear
together with a great part of their army. Great
Romas grandis fuit, quantus vix Annibalis
at-Rome great was, as-great-as scarcely of-Annibal
was the consternation at Rome, such as was scarcely experienced
 LIBER QUINTUS. 99

tempore Punicis bellis, ne iterum

in-time Punic in-wara, lest again
during the Punic wars in the time of Annibal, lest the Gauls
Galli Romam venirent. Ergo Marius, post vic-
Gauls (to-)Rome might-come. Therefore Marius, after ?ic-
should again attack Rome. Marius therefore, after his
toriam Jugurthinam, secundum consul est-factus,
tory Jugurthine, secondly consul was-made,
victory over Jugurtha, was created consul the second time,
bellumque ei contra Cimbros et Teutones decre-
war-and to-him against the-Cimbri and Teutones was-
and the war against the Cimbri and Teutones was decreed
tum-est. Tertid quoque ei et quartd de-
decreed. Thirdly also to-him and fourthly was-
to his management. The consulate was also conferred on him
latus-est consulatus, quia bella cum Cimbris
brought-down the-consulate, because wars with the-Cimbri
a third and fourth time, in consequence of the wars with the
protrahebantur ; sed in quarto consulatu col-
were-drawn-forth ; but in fourth consulate col-
Cimbri being protracted ; but in the fourth consulate he had
legam habuit Quintum Luctatium Catulum. Cum
league he-had Quintus Luctatius Catulus. With
Quintus Luctatius Catulus i for his colleague. En-.
Cimbris itaque conflixit, et duobus praeliis du-
the-Cimbri therefore he-dashed-together, and two in-battles two-
gaging therefore with the Cimbri, in two battles he took two
centa millia cepit et, ducem eorum, Teutobo-
hundred thousands took and, leader nf-them, Teutobo-
hundred thousand prisoners, and their general Teutobo-
dum ; propter quod meritum, absens quintum
dus ; on-account-of which desert, absent fifthly
dus; for which service, although absent, he was
consul est-factus. :
consul he-was-made.
a fifth time elected consul.
Interea Cimbri et Teutones, quorum co-
In-the-mean-time the-Cimbri and Teutones, of-whom pler.-
In the mean time the Cimbri and Teutones, whose nujn
 100 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

pia adhuc infinita erat, ad Italiam transierunt. Ite-

ty still infinite was, to Italy went-over. A-
bers were still immense, passed over into Italy. An-
rum a Caio Mario et Quinto Catulo contra eos di-
gain by Caius Marius and Quintus Catulus against them it-
Other battle was fought with them, by Caius Marius and
micatum-est, sed a Catuli parte felicius ;
was-fought, but from of-Catulus part more-happily ;
Quintus Catulus, but with greater success on the part of the latter;
nam eo prrelio, quod simul ambo gesserunt, centum
for that in-battle, which together both carried, hundred
for in that battle, in which they both commanded, a hun-
quadraginta millia aut in pugna aut in fuga caesa-
forty thousands either in fight or in flight were-
dred and forty thousand were either slain in the field or in the pur-
sunt, et sexaginta millia capta. Romani mi-
cut, and sixty thousands taken. Roman sol-
suit, and sixty thousand taken prisoners. Of the Roman sol-
lites ex utroque exercitu trecenti perierunt. Tria
diers from both army three-hundred perished. Three
diers in the two armies three hundred , fell. Thir-
et triginta signa Cimbris sublata-sunt ; ex his ex-
and thirty signs to-the-Cimbri were-borne-away ; from these ar
ty-three standards were taken from the Cimbri ; of these, the
ercitus Marii duo reportavit, Catuli exercitus trigin-
my of-Marius two carried-back, of-Catulus army tfair-
army of Marius took two, that of Catulus thir-
ta et unum. Is belli finis fuit : triumphus utri-
ty and one. That of-war end was : triumph to-
ty-one. This was the end of the war :, a triumph was de
que decretus-est.
both was-decreed.
creed to both the consuls.
Sexto Julio Caesare et Lucio Marcio Philippo
Sextus Julius Ca?sar and Lucius Marcius Philippus
In the consulate of Sextus Julius Csesar and Lucius Marcius
consulibus, sexcentesimo quinquagesimo nono anno
(being-)consuls, six-hundredth fiftieth ninth in-ye»r
Philippus, in the six hundred and fifty-ninth year from the
 LIBER QU1NTUS. 101

ab urbe condita, cum prope alia omnia bella ces-

from city put-together, when almost other all wars might-
building of the city, when almost all other wars had
sassent, in Italia gravissimum bellum Picentes, Mar-
have-ceased, in Italy heaviest war the-Picentes, Mar-
ceased, the Picentes, Marsi, and Peligni, kindled a most
si, Pelignique moverunt : qui, cum annis numerosis
si, Peligni-and moved: who, when in-years numerous
dangerous war in Italy: and, after having lived for many
jam populo Romano obedirent, tum libertatem si-
now to-people Roman they-might-listen, then liberty to-
years in subjection to the Roman people, then began to assert
bi aequam asserere coeperunt. Perniciosum
themselves equal to-assert began. Pernicious
their claim to equal liberty. This was
admodum hoc bellum fuit. Publius Rutilius consul
very this war was. Publius Rutilius consul
a very fatal war. In it Publius Rutilius
in eo occisus-est ; Coepio, nobilis juvenis ; et Por-
in that was-slain ; Caepio, noble youth ; and Por-
the consul fell; Ceepio, a noble youth; and Por-
cius Cato, alius consul. Duces autem adversus
cius Cato, another consul. Leaders but against
cius Cato, another consul. The generals against
Romanos Picentibus et Marsis fuerunt Titus
Romans to-Picentes and to-Marsi were Titus
the Romans on the part of the Picentes and Marsi were Titus
Vietius, Hierus Asinius, Titus Herennius, Aulus
Vietius, Hierus Asinius, Titus Herennius. Aulus
Vietius, Hierus Asinius, Titus HereWius, and Aulus
Cluentius. A Romanis bene contra eos pugnatum-
Cluentius. From Romans well against them it-uas-
Cluentius. The Romans fought against them successfully
est a Caio Mario, qui sexies consul
fought by Cains Marius, who six-times consul
under the conduct of Caius Marius, who had been six times
fuerat, et a Cnaeo Pompeio, maxime tamen a
had-been, and by Cnaeus Pompey, mostly yet by
elected consul, also under Cneeus Pompey, but particularly under
102 EUTROPII H1STORIA.

Lucio Cornelio Sylla, qui inter alia facta egregia

Lucius Cornelius Sylla, wlio between other deeds excellent
Lucius Cornelius Sylla, who among other signal exploits so
ita Cluentium, hostium ducem, cum magnis
so Cluentius, of-eneroies leader, with great
completely routed Cluentius, the general of the enemy, wtth his
copiis fudit, ut ex suis nec unum amitte-
forces poured-out, that from his-own nor one he-might-send-
numerous forces, that he lost not so much as one man of his
ret. Quadriennio, cum gravi tamen calami-
away. By-the-space-of-four-years, with heavy yet calami-
own army. The war, however, was protracted for four
tate, hoc bellum tractum-est : quinto demum anno
ty, this war was-drawn : fifth at-length in-year
years, with great havoc ; at length in the fifth it
finem accepit per Lucium Cornelium Syllam con-
end it-received through Lucius Cornelius Sylla con-
was terminated by Lucius Cornelius Sylla, the con-
sulem, cum antea in eodem bello ipse multa strenue
sul, when before in the-same v, ar self many(-things) stoutly
sul, who had greatly distinguished himself on many occasions
preetor gessisset.
pra?tor might-have-carried.
when praetor in the same war.
Anno urbis conditoe sexcentesimo sexagesimo
ln-year ofcity put-together six-hundredth sixtieth
In the six hundred and sixty-second year of the building of
secundo primum Romae bellum civile Caius
second first at- Rome war civil Caius
the city, Caius Marius, now the sixth time consul, kindled
Marius, sexies consul, dedit ; nam cum Sylla consul
Marius, six-times consul, gave ; for when Sylla consul
the first civil war in Rome ; for Sylla, the consul, being
contra Mithridatem gesturus bellum, qui Asiam et
against Mithridates alout-to-cavry war, who Asia and
sent to conduct the war against Mithridates, who had possessed
Achaiam occupaverat, mitteretur, isque exercitum
Achaia had-seized-upon, might-be-sent, he-and army
himself of Asia and Achaia, and detaining his
 LIBER QUINTUS. 103

in Campania paulisper teneret, ut belli socialis,

in . Campania a-litcle-while might-hold, that of-war social,
army for a little time in Campania, in order to extinguish
de quo diximus, quod intra Italiam gestum fuerat,
of which we-have-spoken, which within Italy carried had-been,
the remains of the Social war above mentioned, which had
reliquiae tollerentur, Marius affectavit, ut ipse ad
remains might-be-taken-away, Marius desired, that self to
been carried on in Italy, Marius was ambitious to be appoint-
bellum Mithridaticum mitteretur: qua re Sylla
war Mithridatic might-be-sent : which by-thing Sylla
ed himself to the Mithridatic war. Sylla being incensed
commotus cum exercitu ad urbem venit. Illic
disturbed with army to ciiy came. There
at this conduct marched to Rome with his army. There
contra Marium et Sulpicium dimicavit: primus urbem
against Marius and Sulpicius he-fought : first city
he fought Marius and Sulpicius, having first
Romam ingressus-est ; Sulpicium interfecit ; Marium
Rome he-marched-into ; Sulpicius he-killed ; Marius
entered the city; Sulpicius he slew; Marius
. fugavit : atque ita consulibus ordinatis in futu-
put-to-flight ; and so consuls being-ordained into fu-
he put to flight ; and thus having appointed Cneeus Octavius
rum annum Cnaeo Octavio et Lucio Cornelio Cinna,
ture year Cnaeus Octavius and Lucius Cornelius Cinna,
and Lucius Cornelius Cinna the consuls for the year ensuing,
ad Asiam profectus-est. Mithridates enim, qui
to Asia he-went-forth. Mithridates for, who
he set out for Asia. For Mithridates, who
Ponti rex erat, atque Armenian! Minorem et totum
of-Pontus king was, and Armenia Minor and the-whole
was king of Pontus, and possessed Armenia Minor and the
Ponticum mare in circuitu cum Bosphoro tenebat,
Pontic sea in circuit with Bosphorus was- holding,
entire coast of the Pontic sea with the Bosphorus,
primd Nicomedem, amicum populi Romani, Bithy-
firslly Nicomedes, friend of-people Roman, from-Bithy-
first attempted to expel Nicomedes, an ally of the Romans,
104 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

nia voluit expellere ; senatuique mandavit, bellum

nia wished to-drive-out ; to-senate-and charged, war
from Bithynia; aending word to the senate, that he
se ei propter injurias, quas passus-fuerat,
himself to-him on-account-of injuries, which he-had-suffered,
was preparing to make war upon him on account of the injuries
illaturum. A senatu responsum-est Mi-
about-to-bring-upon. From senate. it-was-answered to-Mi-
which he had received. Answer was returned by the senate to
thridati, si id faceret, qudd et ipse bellum a
thridates, if that he-might-do, because and self war from
Mithridates, that if he did so, he himself should feel the weight of
Romanis pateretur. Qua re iratus, Cappadociam
Romans might-suffer. By-which thing angry, Cappadocia
a war from the Romans. Incensed at this reply, he immediately
statim occupavit, et ex eft Ariobarzanem,
immediately he-seized-upon, and from that Ariobarzanes,
seized upon Cappadocia, and expelled from thence Ariobarzanes,
regem et amicum populi Romani, fugavit. Mox
king and friend of-people Roman, put-to-flight. Presently
the king and an ally of the Roman people. He next
etiam Bithyniam invasit et Paphlagoniam, pul-
also Bithynia he-went-against and Paphlagonia, having-
invaded Bithynia and Paphlagonia, and
sis ex ea regibus, amicis populi Romani,
been-driven from that kings, friends of-people Roman,
drove out the kings, Pylsemenes and Nicomedes, who
Pylaemene et Nicomede. Inde ad Ephesum
Pylaemenes and Nicomedes. Thence to Ephesus
were also in alliance with the Romans. He next marched to
contendit, et per omnem Asiam literas misit, ut
he-stretched, and through all Asia letters sent, that
Ephesus, and sent circular letters into all parts of Asia, with di-
ubicumque inventi-essent cives Romani, uno
wheresoever might-be-found citizens Roman, one
rections that wherever any Roman- citizens should be found, they
die occiderentur.
in-day they-might-be-slain.
should all be put to death in one day.
 LIBER QUINTUS. 105

Interea etiam Athenae, civitas Achaiae, ab

In-tlte-inean-time also Athens, city of-Achaia, by
In the mean time, Athens also, a city of Achaia, was
Aristone Atheniensi Mithridati tradita-est. Miserat
Aristo Athenian to-Mithridales was-given-over. Had-sent
delivered up to Mithridates by Ariston an Athenian. For Mi-
enim jam ad Achaiam Mithridates Archelaum, du-
for now to Achaia Mithridates Archelaus, lead-
thridates had already sent Archelaus, his general, in-
cem suum, cum centum viginti millibus equitum ac
er his-own, with hundred twenty thousands of-horsemen and
to Achaia, with a hundred and twenty thousand horse
peditum, per quern etiam reliqua Graecia occu-
of-foot-soldiers, through whom also rest-of Greece was-
and foot, by whom the rest of Greece was also
pata-est. Sylla Archelaum apud Piramm non longe
seized-upon. Sylla Archelaus at Piraeus not far
subdued. Sylla besieged Archelaus at Pireetis
ab Athenis obsedit, ipsamque urbem cepit. Postea
from Athens sat-against, self-and city took. Afterwards
near Athens, and took the city itself. A battle
commisso praelio contra Archelaum, ita eum
having-been-put-together battle against Archelaus, so him
being afterwards fought with Archelaus, hesoentire-
vicit, ut ex centum viginti millibus
he-conquered, that from hundred twenty thousands
ly defeated him, that out of a hundred and twenty thousand,
vix decem superessent Archelao, et ex Syllae
scarcely ten might-he-over to-Archelaus, and from of-Sylla
scarce ten remained of the army of Archelaus ; and of
exercitu quatuordecim tantum homines internce -
•rmy fourteen only men might-be-
that of Sylla only fourteen were
rentur. Hac pugna Mithridates cognita
killed. This with-fight Mithridates known
slain. Mithridates, on receiving intelligence of this battle,
septuaginta millia lectissima ex Asia Archelao misit,
seventy thousands most-chosen from Asia to-Archelaus sent,
sent seventy thousand chosen troops out of Asia to Archelaus,
O
100 EUTROPII HISTOKIA.

contra quem Sylla iterum commisit.. Primo

against whom Sylla again put-together. First
with whom Sylla again came to an engagement. In the first
praelio viginti millia hostium interfecta-sunt, fili-
in-batlle twenty thousands of-enemies . were-killed, son-
battle twenty thousand of the enemy were slain,, and,
usque Archelai * Diogenes : secundo omnes
and of-Arcbelans Diogenes : in-second all
also Diogenes, the son of Archelaus : in the second the entire
Mithridatis copiae extinctae-sunt ; Archelaus ipse
of-Mithridates forces were-extinguished ; Archelaus self
forces of Mithridates were cut ofF. Archelaus himself
triduo nudus in paludibus latuit. Hac
by-the-space-of-three-dajs naked in marshes lay-hid. This
lay hid for three days naked in the marshes. On
re cognita, Mithridates cum Sylla de pace agere
thing having-been-known, Mithridates with Sylla of peace to-act
the news of this, Mithridates began to treat with Sylla con-
coepit. . * .
began,
cerning peace.
Interim eo tempore Sylla etiam Dardanos,
In-the-mean-time that in-time Sylla also the-Dardanians,
In the mean time about this period Sylla also reduced part
Scordiscos, Dalmatas, et Moesos partim vicit, alios
the-Scordisci, the-Dalmatians, and the-Moesi partly conquered, others
of the Dardanians, Scordisci, Dalmatians, and Moesi, and
in fidem accepit. Sed cum legati
into faith received. But when deputies
granted terms of alliance to the rest. But when ambassadors
a rege Mithridate, qui pacem petebant, venissent,
from king Mithridates, who peace were-seeking, might-have-come,
arrived from the king Mithridates to treat about peace,
non aliter se daturum Sylla esse respondit, nisi. -
not otherwise himself about-to-give Sylla to-be ausw.ered, . unless
Sylla replied that he would grant it on no condition, unless
rex, relictis his quae occupaverat, ad regnum
king, having-been-left these which he-had-seized-upon, to kingdom
he quitted the countries on which he had seized, and retired
 LIBKR QUINTUS. " 107

suum rediisset. Postea tamen ad colloquium

his-own roight-kave-gone-back. Afterwards yet to a-talking-together
into his own dominions. Afterwards however the two coming
ambo veneiunt; pax inter eos ordinata-est, tit
both came ; peace between them ^ was-ordaiued, that
to a conference, peace was concluded between them ; in or-
Sylla, ad bellum civile festinans, a
Sylla, to war civil hastening, from
der that Sylla, who was in haste to proceed to the civil war, might
tergo periculum non haberet; nam dum Sylla in
back danger not might-have; fur whilst Sylla in
leave no danger in his rear; for while Sylla was
Achaia atque Asia Mithridatem vicit, Marius, qui
Achaia and Asia Mlthridates conquered, Marius, who
victorious over Mithridates in Achaia and Asia, Marius, who
fugatus-erat, et Cornelius Cinna, unus ex
had-been-put-to-flight, and Cornelius Cinua, one from
had been compelled to fly, and Cornelius Cinna, one of the
consul ibus, bellum in Italia repararunt; et- ingres-
consuls, war in Italy prepared-again ; and having-en-
consuls, recommenced hostilities in Italy; and enter-
si urbem Romam, nobilissimos ex senatu et con-
tered city Rome, most-noble from senate and con
ing Rome, put to death the noblest of the senators
sulares viros interfecerunt, multos proscripserunt ;
sular men killed, many proscribed;
and some of consular rank, proscribed many others,
ipsius Syllae domo eversa, filios et uxorem
self of-Sylla house having-been-overturn<'d, sons and wife
pulled down the house of Sylla himself, and forced his sons
ad fugam compulerunt ; universus reliquus senatus
to flight they-drove-together ; all remaining senate
and wife to seek safety by flight; all the rest of the senate
ex urbe fugiens, ad Syllam in Graciam venit,
from city fleeing, to Sylla into Greece came,
hastily quitting the city, fled to Sylla in Greece,
orans ut patriae subveniret. Ille in Italiam
praying that to-country he-would-corue-np. He into Italy
entreating him to succour bis country. He accordingly passed
108 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

trajecit, bellum civile gesturus adversus Norba-

crossed-over, war civil about-to-carry against Norba- .
over into Italy, to conduct the civil war against Norba-
num et Scipionem consules, et primo praelio contra
nus and Scipio consul9, and first in-battle against
nus and Scipio the consuls, and in the first battle
Norbanum dimicavit non longe a Capua ; tum sep-
Norbanus he-fought not far from Capua; then se-
engagmg with Norbanus not far from Capua, he slew
tem millia ejus cecidit, sex millia cepit;
ven thousands of-him he-cut, six thousands he-took ;
seven thousand of his forces, and took six thousand prisoners ;
centum viginti quatuor suorum amisit.
hundred twenty four of-his-own he-sent-away.
with the loss of only a hundred and twenty-four of his own army.
Inde etiam se ad Scipionem convertit, et ante
Thence also himself to Scipio he-turned-about, and before
From thence he marched against .Scipio, and with-
prgelium totum ejus exercitum sine sanguine in de-
battle whole of-him army without blood into a-
out a battle or any loss of lives made himself master of the whole
ditionem accepit.
giving-up he-received,
army by surrender.
Sed cum Romae mutati consules essent, et
Kut when at-Kome having-beeu- changed consuls might-be, and
But on a change of consuls at Rome, and
Marius, Marii Alius, ac Papirius Carbo consu-
Marius, of-Marius son, and Papirius Carbo consu-
the election of Marius the son of Marius, and Papirius Carbo
latum accepissent, Sylla tamen contra Marium
late might-have-received, Sylla yet against JMarius
to the consulate, Sylla again fought with Marius
juniorem dimicavit; et, quindecim millibus ejus
younger fought ; and, fifteen thousands of-him
ihe younger, and slew ftfteen
occisis, quadringentos de suis perdidit.
having Keen slain, four-hundred from his-own he-lost,
thousand, with the loss of only four hundred.
 LIBER QUINTUS. 109

Mox etiam et urbem ingressus-est. Marium,

Presently also and city he-marcked-into. Marius,
Immediately afterwards also he entered the city. He then
Marii filium, Praeneste persecutes, obsedit, et ad
of-Marius son, (to-)Praeneste having-pursued, sat-against, and to
pursued Marius, the son of Marius, to Preeneste, and besieging him
mortem compulit. Rursus pugnam
death compelled. Again fight
there, drove him even to self-destruction. He again fought a
gravissimam habuit contra Lamponium et Carinatem,
most-heavy he-had against Lamponius and Carinas,
most severe battle with Lamponius and Carinas,
duces partis Marianae, ad portam Collinam.
leaders of-part Marian, to gate Coiline.
the leaders of the Marian faction, near the Coiline gate.
Septuaginta novem millia hostium in eo praelio contra
Seventy nine thousands of-enemies in that battle against
The number of the enemy in that battle against Sylla is calculated
Syllam fuisse dicuntur ; duodecim millia se
Sylla to-have-bren are-said ; twelve thousands themselves
at seventy-nine thousand ; twelve thousand surren-
Syllae dediderunt : caeteri in acie, in castris, in fuga,
to-Sylla gave-up: the-rest in edge, in camp, in flight,
ed themselves to Sylla : the rest were cut offin the field, in the camp,
insatiabili ira victorum consumpti-sunt.
that-cannot have-enough by-anger of-conquerors were-taken-off.
or in the pursuit, by the insatiable resentment of the conquerors.
Cnaeus quoque Carbo, consul alter, ab Arimino
Cnaeus also Carbo, consul the-other, from Ariminum
Cneeus Carbo also, the other consul, fled from Arimi-
ad Siciliam fugit, et ibi per Cnaeum Pompeium
to Sicily fled, and there through Cnaeus Pompey
num into Sicily, and was there slain by Cneeus
interfectus-est : quern adolescentem Sylla, annos
was-killed : whom a-young-man Sylla, years
Pompey ; to whom, although but a young man, only
unum et viginti natum, cognita ejus indus-
one and twenty born, having-been-well-known his indus-
one and twenty years of age, Sylla, perceiving his activity, had
110 BUTROPII HISTORIA.

tria, traditis ejus exercitibus praefe-

try, having-been-given-over Lis to-armies had-set-
committed the management of his armies, in the command of
cerat, ut secundus a Sylla haberetur.
over, that second from Sylla he-might-he-had,
which he stood second only to Sylla himself.
Occiso ergo Carbone, Pompeius Siciliam
Having-been-slain therefore Carbo, Pompey Sicily
Carbo being thus slain, Pompey recovered
recepit. Transgressus inde ad Africam, Domitium,
re-took. Having-marched-over thence to Africa, Domitius,
Sicily. Crossing then over into Africa, he slew Do-
Marianae partis ducem, et Hiarbam, regem Mauri-
Marian of- part leader, and Hiarbas, king of-Mauri-
mitius, a leader of the Marian faction, and Hiarbas the king
tanise, qui Domitio auxilium ferebat, occidit.
tania, who to-Domitius help was-bearing, he-slew,
of Mauritania, who assisted Domitius.
Post haec Sylla de Mithridate ingenti
After these(-things) Sylla from Mithridates vast
After these events, Sylla celebrated a triumph with great pomp
gloria triumphavit. Cnaeus etiam Pompeius,
with-glory triumphed. Cnaeus also Pompey,
for his victory over Mithridates. Cnseus Pompey also,
quod nulli Romanorum tributum-erat, quartum et
which to-none of-Romans had-been-bestowed, fourth and
while only in his twenty-fourth year, was allowed a triumph
vicesimum annum agens, de Africa triumphavit.
twentieth year acting, from Africa triumphed,
for his successes in Africa,, a privilege unprecedented at Rome.
Hunc finem habuerunt duo bella funestissima, Ita-
This end had two wars most-deadly, tlte-
Such was the termination of two most lamentable wars, the
licum, quod et sociale dictum, et civile: quae
Italic, which and social called, and civil : which
Italian, also called the Social, and the Civil: which
ambo tractata-sunt per annos decem ; consumpserunt
both were-handled through years ten ; took-off
lasted for . ten years; and occasioned
 LIBER QUINTUS. Ill

ultra centum quinquaginta millia hominum,

beyond hundred fifty thousands of-men,
the destruction of more than a hundred and fifty thousand men ;
viros consulares viginti quatuor, praetorios septem,
men consular twenty four, praetorian seven,
twenty-four of consular rank, seven of praetorian,
sedilitios sexaginta, senatores fere trecentos.
aedilitian sixty, ' senators almost three-hundred.
sixty of aedilitian, and nearly three hundred senators.
112 EUTROPll HISTORIA.

LIBER SEXTUS.
BOOK SIXTH.
THE SIXTH BOOK.

Marco iEmilio Lepido, Quinto Catulo consulibus,

Marcus /Emilius Lepidus, Quintus Catulus (being-)consuls.
In the consulate of Marcus iEmilius Lepidus and Quintus Catulus,
cum Sylla rempublicam composuisset, bella nova
when Sylla republic might-bave-put-together, wars new
when Sylla had composed the troubles of the state, new wars
exarserunt, unum in Hispania, aliud in Pamphilia
flamed-out, one in Spain, another in Pamphilia
broke out; one in Spain, another in Pamphilia
et Cilicia, tertium in Macedonia, quartum in Dal-
and Cilicia, third in Macedonia, .fourth in Dal-
and Cilicia, a third in Macedonia, a fourth in Dal-
matia : nam Sertorius, qui partium Marianarum
matia: for Sertorius, who of-parts belonging-to-Marius
matia : for Sertorius, who had belonged to the party of
fuerat, timens fortunam caeterorum, qui interempti-
had-been, fearing fortune of-the-rest, who had-been-
Marius, dreading the fate of the rest, who had been all
erant, ad bellum commovit Hispanias. Missi-sunt
killed, to war moved-together the-Spains. Wrre-sent
cut off, excited the Spaniards to a war. The generals
contra eum duces Quintus Caecilius Metellus,
against him leaders Quintus Caecilius Metellus,
who were> sent against him were Quintus Caecilius Metellus,
 LIBER SKXTUS. 113

filius ejus, qui Jugurtham regem vicit, et Lucius

son of-him, who Jugurtha king conquered, and Lucius
the son of that Metellus, who had subdued Jugurtha, and Lucius
Domitius praetor. A Sertorii duce Hirtuleio Do-
Domitius pralor. By of-Sertorius leader Hirtuleius Do-
Domitius the prsetor. Domitius was slain by Hirtuleius the
mitius occisus-est. Metellus vario successu contra
mitius was-slain. Metellus various with-success against
general of Sertorius. Metellus contended against Sertorius
Sertorium dimicavit. Postea, cum impar pug-
Sertorius fought. Afterwards, when unequal to-the-
with various success. Afterwards, Metellus singly being
nae solus Metellus putaretur, Cnaeus Pompeius
light alone Metellus might-be-thought, Cnasus Pompey
considered unequal to the war, Cnaeus Pompey
ad Hispanias missus-est. Ita, duobus ducibus ad-
to the,-Spains was-sent. Thus, two with-leaders ad-
was sent into Spain. Thus, two generals being op-
versis, Sertorius fortuna varia saepe pugnavit.
verse, Sertorius with-fortune various often fought,
posed to him, the success of Sertorius was very uncertain.
Octavo demum anno a suis occisus-
Eighlh at-length in-year by his-own he-was-
At length, in the eighth year of the war, he was slain by his own
est, et finis ei bello datus per Cnaeum Pom-
slain, and end that to-war given through Cnseus Pom-
soldiers.and an end put to the war by Cnseus Pom-
peium adolescentem et Quintum Metellum Pium ;
pey young-man and Quintus Metellus Pius ;
pey, at that time but a young man, and Quintus Metellus Pius ;
atque omnes prope Hispanias in ditionem populi
and all almost the-Spains into power of-people
and nearly the whole of Spain was brought into subjection
Romani redactae-sunt.
Roman were-driven-back.
to the Roman people.
Ad Macedoniam missus-est Appius Claudius post
To Macedonia was-sent Appius Claudius after
Appius Claudius, on the expiration of his consulate, was sent into
P
114 EUTROPII HISTOR1A.

consulatum. Levia praelia habuit contra varias

consulate. Light battles he-had against various
Macedonia. He bad some skirmishes with different na-
gentes, quae Rhodopam provinciam incolebant ;
nations, which Rbodopa province were-inhabiting ;
tions that inhabited ' the province of Rhodopa ;
atque ibi morbo mortuus-est. Missus ei succes-
and there by-disease died. Sent to-him succes-
and there fell ill and died. Cnseus Scribonius Cu-
sor Cnaeus Scribonius Curio post consulatum.
sor Cnseus Scribonius Curio after consulate.
rio, on the expiration of his consulate, was sent tO' succeed him.
Is Dardanos vicit; et usque ad Danubium
He Dardanians conquered; and as-far- as to the-Danube
He conquered the Dardanians, penetrated as far as the
penetravit; triumphumque meruit; et intra tri-
penetrated ; triumph-avtd deserved ; and within the-
Danube, obtained the honor of a triumph, and put an end
ennium finem bello dedit.
space-of-three-years end to-war gave.
to the war within three years.
Ad Ciliciam et Pamphiliam missus-est Publius
To Cilicia and Parnphilia was-sent Publius
Publius Servilius, an enterprising man, was sent after
Servilius ex consule, vir strenuus. Is Ciliciam
Servilius from consul, man brave. He Cilicia
his consulate into Cilicia and Parnphilia. He reduced
subegit; Lyciae urbes clarissimas oppugnavit et
drove-under; of-Lycia cities most-clear fought-against and
Cilicia ; besieged and took the most celebrated cities of
cepit, in his Phaselidem, Olympum, Coricum
took, in these Phaselii, Olympus, Coricus
Lycia; amongst them Phaselis, Olympus, and Coricus
Ciliciae. Isauros quoque aggressus, in deditio-
of-Cilicia. The-Isauri also having-marched-to, into a-giving-
ofCilicia. The Isauri also he attacked, and compelled
nem redegit, atque intra triennium bello finem
up he-drove-back, and within the-space-of-three-years to-war end
to surrender, and within three years put an end to
 LIB BR SEXTUS. 115

dedit. Primus omnium Romanorum in Tauro iter

gave. First all of-Romans in Taurus journey
the war. He was the first of the Romans that marched beyond
fecit. Revertens triumphum accepit, et nomen
he-made. Returning triumph he-received, and name
Taurus. On his return he received a triumph, and acquired
Isaurici meruit.
of-Isauricus deserved,
the appellation of Isauricus.
Ad Ulyricum missus-est Cnaeus Cosconius pro-
To Ulyricum « as-sent Cnaeus Cosconius pro-
Cnseus Cosconius the proconsul was sent into llly-
consul. Multam partem Dalmatia? subegit ; Sa-
consul. Much part of-Dalmatia he-drove-under ; Sa-
ricum. He reduced a great part of Dalmatia; took
lonas cepit; et, composito bello, Romam post
lonas he-took ; and, having-been-set-together war, (to-)Rome after
Salonse; and, having quelled the war, returned to
biennium rediit.
the-space-of-tw o-years he-went-back.
Rome after an absence of two years.
Iisdem temporibus consul Marcus .ZEmilius Lepidus,
The-same in-times consul Marcus /Emilius Lepidus,
About the same time Marcus iEmilius Lepidus, the consul, and
Catuli collega, bellum civile voluit commovere ; m-
of-Catulus colleague, war civil wished to-move-together ; with-
colleague of Catulus, attempted to kindle a civil war; but
tra tamen unam aestatem motus ejus oppressus-est.
in yet one summer motion of-him was-pressed-down.
in one summer that commotion was suppressed.
Ita uno tempore multi simul triumphi fuerunt, Metelli
So one in-ttme many together triumphs were, of-Metellus
Thus there were several triumphs at the same period, that of
ex Hispania, Pompeii secundus ex Hispania, Curi-
'from Spain, of-Pompey second from Spain, of-Cu-
Metellus for Spain, a second for Spain obtained by Pompey, one of
onis ex Macedonia, Servilii ex IsauriA.
rio from Macedonia, of-Servilius from Isauria.
Curio for Macedonia, and of Servilius for Isauria.
11G EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Anno urbis conditae sexcentesimo septuagesimo

In-year of-city pot-together six-hundredth seventieth
In the six hundred and seventy-sixth year from the building of
sexto, Lucio Licinio Lucullo et Marco Aurelio
sixth, with-Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Marcus Aurelius
the city, Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Marcus Aurelius
Cotta consulibus, mortuus-est Nicomedes, rex Bi-
Cotta consuls, died Nicomedes, king of-
Cotta being consuls, Nicomedes, the king of Bithynia,
thyniae, et per testamentum populum Romanum
Bithynia, and through will people Roman
died, and by will appointed the Roman people
fecit haeredem.
made heir.
his heir.
Mithridates, pace rupta, Bithyniam et
Mithridates, peace having-been-broken, Biiiynia and
Mithridates, having violated the peace, again attempted
Asiam rursus voluit invadere. Adversus eum ambo
Asia again wished to-go-against. Against him both
to invade Bithynia and Asia. Both the consuls being
consules missi variam habuere fortunam. Cotta
consuls sent various had fortune. Cotta
sent out against him, met with various success. Cotta
apud Chalcedonem victus ab eo acie, etiam intra
at Chalcedon conquered by him in-edge, also within
being defeated by him in a battle near Chalcedon, was even
oppidum coactus-est et obsessus.
town was-driven-together and besieged,
obliged to take shelter within the town and to stand a siege.
Sed cum se inde Mithridates Cyzicum transtulisset,
But when himself thence Mithridates (to-)Cyzicum had-carried-over,
But Mithridates having marched from thence to Cyzicum,
ut Cyzico capto, totam Asiam invaderet,
that, Cyzicum having-bcen-taken, whole Asia he-might-go-against,
that, by the capture of that city, he might overrun all Asia,
Lucujlus ei alter consul occurrit, ac dum Mithri-
Lucullus to-him the-other consul ran-against, and whilst Mithri-
Lucullus the other consul met him, and whilst Mithri-
 LIBER SEXTUS. 117

dates in obsidione Cyzici commoraretur, ipse a

dates in siege of-Cyzicum might-be-delaying, self from
dates was occupied in the siege of Cyzicuto, besieged
tergo obsedit, fameque consumpsit, et multis praeliis
back sat-about, with-hunger-and outspent, and many in-battles
him in the rear, wearied him out with famine, and defeated him in
vicit: postremd Byzantium, quae nunc Con-
conquered : lastly (to-)Byzantium, which now Con-
several battles ; at last he pursued him to Byzantium,
stantinopolis est, fugavit. Navali quoque praelio
stantinople is, he-put-to-flight. Naval also in-battle
now called Constantinople. Lucullus also vanquished
duces ejus Lucullus oppresssit. Ita una hyeme
leaders of-him Lucullus pressed-down. Thus one in-winter
his generals in a sea-fight. Thus in a single
et aestate a Lucullo ad centum fere millia
and in-summer by Lucullus to hundred almost thousands
winter and summer, almost a hundred thousand men, on the
hominum ex parte regis extincta-sunt.
of-men from part of-king were-extinguished.
king's side, were cut off by Lucullus.
Anno urbis Romae sexcentesimo septuagesimo
In-year of-city of-Rome six-hundredth seventieth
In the six hundred and seventy-eighth year of
octavo Macedoniam provinciam Marcus Licinius
eighth Macedonia province Marcus Licinius
the city, Marcus Licinius Lucullus, the cousin of that Lucullus,
Lucullus accepit, consobrinus Luculli, qui contra
Lucullus received, cousin of-Lucullus, who against
'who had conducted the war against Mithridates, obtained
Mithridatem bellum gerebat: et in Italia novum
Mithridates war was-carrying : and in Italy new
the province of Macedonia : and a new war
bellum subitd commotum-est. ; Octoginta enim et
war suddenly was-moved-together. Eighty for and
suddenly sprung up in Italy. For eighty-
quatuor gladiatores, ducibus Spartaco, Chryso, et
four gladiators, with-leaders Spartacus, Chrysus, and
four gladiators, led by Spartacus, Chrysus, and
118 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

(Enomao, efFracto Capuae ludo, effu-

(Enomaus, having-been-broken-open at-Capua the-place-for-games, fled-
CEnomaus, having broken open the theatre at Capua, made
gerunt; et, per I tali am vagantes, pene non
away ; and, through Italy wandering, almost not
their escape ; and wandering over Italy, kindled a
levius bellum in ea, quam Annibal moverat, parave-
lighter war in it. than Annibal had-moved, prepa-
war there, almost as serious as that "which Annibal had
runt : nam multis ducibus et duobus simul Romano-
red : for many leaders and two together of-Ro-
raised : for several generals and two consuls of the Romans
rum consulibus victis, sexaginta fere millium
mans consols having-been-conquered, sixly almost of-thousands
being defeated by them at the same time, they collected an
armatorum exercitum congregaverunt ; victique sunt
of-armed(-men) army they-collected-together ; conquered-and are
army of nearly sixty thousand men ; but were defeated
in Apulia a Marco Licinio Crasso proconsule ; et
in Apulia by Marcus Licinius Crassus proconsul ; and
in Apulia by Marcus Licinius Crassus the proconsul ; and
post multas calamitates Italiae, tertio anno bello huic
after many calamities of-ltaly, third in-year to-war this
after much trouble to Italy, in the third year this war
finis imponitur.
end is-put-on.
was terminated.
Sexcentesimo octogesimo primo urbis conditae anno,
Six-hundredth eightieth first of-city put-together in-year,
In the six hundred and eighty-first year of the city,
Publio Cornelio Lentulo et Cnaeo Aufidio Oreste
with-Publius Cornelius Lentulus and Cnarus Aufidius Orestes
Publius Cornelius Lentulus and Cneeus Aufidius Orestes
consulibus, duo tantum gravia bella in imperio
: consols, two only heavy wars in empire
being consuls, there were but two wars of any importance through-
Romano erant, Mithridaticum et Macedonicum :
Roman were, Mitbridatic and Macedonian :
out the Roman empire, the Mithridatic and the Macedonian :
 LIBKB SKXTUS. 119

haec duo Luculli agebant, Lucius Lucullus et Mar-

these the-two the-Luculli were-acting, Lucius Lucullus and Mar-
of these the two Luculli, Lucius Lucullus and Marcus
cus Lucullus. Lucius ergo Lucullus post
cus Lucullus. Lucius therefore Lucullus after
Lucullus, had the direction. Lucius Lucullus thetefore, after
pugnam Cyzicenam, qua vicerat Mithri-
(ight belonging-to-Cyzicum, in-which he-had-conquered Milhri-
the battle of Cyzicum, in which he had conquered Mithri-
datem, et navalem, qua duces ejus oppresse-
dates, and naval, ia-which leaders of-him he-had-pressed-
dates, and the sea-fight, in which he had overpowered his
rat, persecutus-est eum ; et, recepta
down, pursued him ; and, having-been-taken-again
generals, pursued him ; and, recovering
Paphlagonia atque Bithynia, etiam regnum ejus
Paphlagonia and Bithynia, also kingdom of-him
Paphlagonia and Bithynia, entered his very
invasit. Sinopen et Amisum, civitates Ponti
he-went-against. Sinope and Amisus, cities of-Pontua
kingdom. He took Sinope and Amisus, two of the most
nobilissimas, cepit. Secundo praelio, apud Cabira
most-noble, he-took. Second in-battle, at Cabira
noble cities of Pontus. In a second battle, near the city
civitatem, quo ingentes copias ex omni regno ad-
city, whither vast forces from all kingdom had-
Cabira, where Mithridates had assembled a numerous army
duxerat Mithridates, cam triginta millia lectis-
led-to Mithridates, when thirty thousands most-
from all parts of his kingdom, thirty thousand of the king's chosen
sima regis a quinque Romanorum millibus vastata-
chosen of-king by five of-Romans thousands migbt-have-
troops having been cut in pieces by five thousand of the
essent, Mithridates fugatus, et castra ejus
been-wasted, Mithridates put-to-flight, and camp of-him
Romans, Mithridates was put to flight, and his camp
direpta. Armenia quoque Minor, quam tenu-
tora-asunder. Armenia also Less, which he-had-
plundered. Armenia Minor also, of which he had pos
 120 KUTROPII HISTOR1A.

erat, eidem sublata-est. Susceptus tamen

held, to-the-same was-taken-away. Having-been-taken-up yet
session, was wrested from him. Mithridates however was
est Mithridates post fugam a Tigrane, Armenia?
is Mithridates after flight by Tigranes, of-Armenia
received after his flight by Tigranes, the king of
rege, qui tum ingenti gloria imperabat. Persas
king, who then vast with-glory was-ruling. Persians
Armenia, who at that time reigned with great glory. He had
saepe vicerat ; Mesopotamiam occu-
often he-had-conquered ; Mesopotamia he-had-
frequently defeated the Persians, had made himself master of Me-
paverat, et Syriam, et Phoenices partem. Ergo
seiEed-upon, and Syria, and of-Phoenicia part. Therefore
sopotamia, Syria, and part of Phoenicia. Lucullus
Lucullus, repetens hostem fugatum, etiam regnum
Lucullus, seeking-again enemy put-to-flight, also kingdom
therefore, still pursuing- his routed enemy, entered even the
Tigranis, qui Armeniis imperabat, ingressus-est.
of-Tigranes, wbo to-the-Armenians was-ruling, he-marched-into.
kingdom of Tigranes, who ruled over both the Armenias.
Tigranocerta, civitatem Armeniae noblilissimam, ce-
Tigranocerta, city of-Armenia most-noble, he-
Tigranocerta, a most noble city of Armenia, he succeeded in
pit ; ipsum regem, cum sexcentis millibus sagit-
took ; self king, with six-hundred thousands of-
taking; the king himself advancing with six hundred
tariorum et armatorum venientem, octodecim millia
archers and of-arrned(-men) coming, eighteen thousands
thousand archers and other troops, he so completely
militum habens, ita vicit, ut magnam
of-soldiers having, so he-conquered, that great
defeated with a force of only eighteen thousand, that he annihilated
partem Armeniorum deleverit. Inde Nisibin
part of-the-Annenians he-may-have-blotted-out. Thence (to-)Nisibia
a great part of the Armenians. Marching from
profectus, eam quoque civitatem cum regis
having-gone-forth, that also city with of-king
thence to Nisibis, he took that city also, together with the
 ,

LIBER SEXTUS. 121

fratre cepit. Sed hi, quos in Ponto Lucullus reli-

brother he-took. But these, whom in Pnntus Lucullus had-
king's brother. But those, whom Lucullus had left in
querat cum exercitus parte, ut regiones victas etiam
left with of-army part, that regions conquered also
Pontus with part of the army, in order to defend the con-
Romanos tuerentur, negligenter se et
Romans they-might-defend, negligently themselves and
quercd countries, and the Romans, conducting themselves with
avare agentes, occasionem iterum Mithridati in
greedily acting, occasion again to-Mithridates into
remissness and avarice, gave an opportunity to Mithridates of
Pontum irrumpendi dederunt, atque ita bellum
Pontus of-breaking-in gave, and so war
again making an irruption into Pontus, and thus the war
renovatum-est. Lucullo paranti, cap-
was-renewed. To-Lucullus preparing, having-been-
was renewed. While Lucullus was preparing, after the
ta Nisibi, contra Persas expeditionem,
taken Nisibis, against the-Persians expedition,
reduction of Nisibis, to make an expedition against the Persians,
successor est-missus.
successor was-sent.
he was superseded in the command.
Alter Lucullus, qui Macedoniam adminis-
The-other Lucullus, who Macedonia was-
The other Lucullus, who had the management of affairs in
trabat, Bessis Romanorum primus intulit
managing, to-the-Bessi of-Romans first brought- in
Macedonia, was the first of the Romans that ever made war upon
bellum, atque eos ingenti praelio in iEmo monte
war, and them vast in-battle in jEmus mountain
the Bessi, and defeated them in a considerable battle on mount
superavit ; oppidum Uscudamam, quod Bessi habi-
overcame ; town Uscudama, which the-Bessi were-
iEmus; reduced the town of Uscudama, which the Bessi
tabant, eodem die, quo aggressus-est, vicit ;
inhabiting, same in-day, in-which he-marched-to, he-conquered ;
inhabited, on the same day in which he invested it;
122 EUTR0PII HISTORIA.

Cabylen cepit ; usque ad Danubium penetravit.

Cabyle he-took ; as-far-as to the-Danuhe he-penetrated,
took Cabyle ; and penetrated as far as to the river Danube.
Inde multas super Pontum positas civitates aggressus-
Thence many above Pontus placed cities he-marched-
He then attacked several cities bordering on Pon-
est. Illic Apolloniam evertit, Calatin, Partheno-
to. There Apollonia he-overturned, Calatis, Partheno-
tus. There he razed Apollonia, Calatis, Partheno-
polin, Tomos, Istrum ; Byziam omnem cepit ; bello-
polis, Tomi, Ister ; Byzia all he-took; witb-
polis, Tomi, Ister ; took all Byzia ; and,
que confecto, Romam rediit. Ambo
war-and quite-done, (to-)Rome he-went-back. Both
having put an end to the war, returned to Rome. Both
tamen triumphaverunt, Lucullus, qui contra Mithri-
yet triumphed, Lucullus, who against Mithri-
however triumphed, but Lucullus, who had fought
datem pugnaverat, majori gloria, cum tantorum
dates had-fought, greater with-glory, when so-great
against Mithridates, with greater glory, because he re-
regnorum victor rediisset.
of-kingdoms conqueror he-might-have-gone-back,
turned victorious over such powerful nations.
Confecto bello Macedonico, manente
Having-been-quite-done war the-Macedonian, remaining
The Macedonian war being finished, but that with
Mithridatico, quod, recedente Lucullo,
the-Mithridatic, which, going-back Lucullus,
Mithridates still continuing, which, on the departure of Lucullus,
rex collectis auxiliis reparaverat,
king having-been-gathered-together helps had-prepared- again,
he had renewed, collecting all his forces for that purpose,
bellum Creticum ortum-est ; ad id missus Csecilius
war Cretic arose ; to that sent Ocilius
the Cretic war arose ; to this Caecilius Metellus
Metellus, ingentibus praeliis intra triennium
Metellos, vast in-battles wilhin the-space-of-three-yeara
was sent, who made himself master of the whole province
 LIBER SEXTUS. 123

omnem provinciam cepit; appellatusque

all province he-took ; having-been-addressed-and
within three years by considerable battles, and received the appel-
est Creticus, atque ex insula triumphavit.
he-is Creticus, and from island triumphed.
lation of Creticus, and a triumph on account of the island.
Quo tempore Libya quoque Romano imperio per
Which in-time Libya also Roman to-empire through
About this time Libya also, by the will of Apion, the
testamentum Apionis, qui rex ejus fuerat, accessit,
will of-Apion, who king of-it had-been, came-to,
king of the country, was appended to the Roman empire;
in qua inclytae civitates erant, Berenice, Ptolemais,
in which famous cities were, Berenice, Ptolemais,
in it were the celebrated cities, Berenice, Ptolemais,
et Cyrene.
and Cyrene.
and Cyrene.
Dum haec geruntur, piratae omnia maria infes-
Whilst these(-things) are-carried, pirates all seas were-
During these transactions, pirates infested all the
tabant, ita ut navigatio Romanis, toto orbe victo-
infesting, so that navigation to-Romans, whole in-globe to-con-
seas, so that navigation was alone unsafe to the Romans,
ribus, sola tuta non esset. Quare id bellum
querors, alone safe now might-be. Wherefore that war
who were now conquerors of the world. This war therefore was
Cnaeo Pompeio decretum-est, quod intra paucos
to-Cmeus Pompey was-decreed, which within few
assigned to Cnseus Pompey, who with surprising suc-
menses ingenti felicitate et celeritate confecit.
mouths vast with-felicity and quickness he-accomplished,
cess and celerity finished it in the course of a few months.
Mox ei delatum bellum etiam contra regem
Presently to-him brought-down war also against king
The war also against Mithridates and Tigranes was
Mithridatem et Tigranem ; quo suscepto,
Milhridates and Tigranes; which having-beon-undertaken
soon after entrusted to him; in the conduct of which,
124 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Mithridatem in Armenia Minore nocturno praelio

Mithridates in Armenia the-Less nightly in-battle
he overcame Mithridates in Armenia Minor in a battle
vicit, castra diripuit, quadraginta millibus
he-conquered, camp tore-asunder, forty thousands
by night, plundered his camp, and killed forty thousand
ejus occisis; viginti tantum de exercitu suo
of-him having-been-slain ; twenty only from army his-own
of his men ; with the loss of twenty only of his own
perdidit, et duos centuriones. Mithridates cum
he-lost, and two centurions. Mithridates with
army, and two centurions. Mithridates fled
uxore fugit, duobus comitibus ; neque multo pdst,
wife fled, two with-companions ; nor much afterwards,
with his wife and two attendants ; and not long after,
cum in suos saeviret, Pharnacis, filii sui,
when into his-own he-might-rage, of-Pharnaces, of-son Ms-own,
in consequence of his tyranny over his own family, through a
seditione apud milites ad
by-sedition at soldiers to
sedition excited among his soldiers by his son Pharnaces, he was
mortem coactus, venenum hausit.
death forced, poison he-drew-up.
reduced to the necessity of putting an end to his existence by poison.
Hunc finem habuit Mithridates ; periit autem apud
This end had Mithridates ; perished but at
Such was the end of Mithridates, a man of singular ac-
Bosphorum, vir ingentis industriae consiliique.
the-Bosphorus, man vast of-activity of-counsel-and.
tivity and abilities; his death happened at the Bosphorus.
Regnavit annos sexaginta ; vixit septuaginta duos ;
He-reigned years sixty ; he-lived seventy two ;
He reigned sixty years, lived seventy-two,
contra Romanos bellum habuit annos quadraginta.
against the-Romans war he-had years forty,
and sustained a war against the Romans for forty years.
Tigrani deinde Pompeius bellum intulit : ille
To-Tigranes from-thence Pompey war brought-in : he
Pompey next made war upon Tigranes, who
 LIBER SEXTUS. 125

se ei dedidit ; in castra Pompeii sexto

himself to-him gave-up; into camp of-Pompey sixth
surrendered himself to him, coming to his camp at sixteen
decimo milliario ab Artaxata venit ; ac diadema
tenth by-mile from Artaxata he-came ; and diadem
miles distance from Artaxata; and throwing
suum, cum procubuisset ad genua Pompeii, in
his-own when he-might-have-fallen-forward to knees of-Pompey, in
himself at Pompey's feet, delivered up his diadem
manibus ejus collocavit, quod ei Pompeius reposuit ;
hands of-him he-placed, which to-him Pompey placed-back ;
into his hands, which Pompey returned to him,
honorificeque eum habitum, regni tamen parte
honorably-and him had, of-kingdom yet in-part
and treated him with great consideration, but mulcted him in part
mulctavit et grandi pecunia: adempta-est
he-fined and great in-money : was-taken-away
of his dominions and a large sum of money: Syria, Phoenicia,
ei Syria, Phoenice, Sophene ; sex millia praeterea
to-him Syria, Phoenice, Sophene ; six thousands besides
and Sophene were taken from him ; with six thousand ta-
talentorum argenti, quae populo Romano daret,
of-talents of-silver, which to-people Roman he-might-give,
lents of silver, which he was to pay to the Roman people,
quia bellum sine causa Romanis commovisset.
because war without cause to-Romans he-might-have-stirred-up.
because he had raised a war against them without cause.
Pompeius mox etiam Albanis bellum intulit,
Pompey presently also to-the-Albans war brought-against,
Pompey soon after made war also upon the Albans,
et, eorum regem, Orodem ter vicit ; postremd per
and, of-them king, Orodes thrice conquered; lastly, through
and thrice conquered their king Orodes; at length, being
epistolas et munera rogatus, veniam ei ac
letters and gifts asked, pardon to-him and
prevailed upon by letters and presents, he granted him a pardon
pacem dedit. Iberiae quoque regem, Arthacem vi-
peace gave. Of-Iberia also king, Arthaces he-con-
and peace. He also defeated Arthaces, king of Iberia,
126 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

cit acie, et in deditionem accepit. Armeniam

quered in-edge, and into a-giving-up received. Armenia
in battle, and reduced him to surrender. Armenia
Minorem Deiotaro, Galatiae regi, donavit,
the-Less to-Deiotarns, of-Galatia to-the-king, he-presented,
Minor he conferred upon Deiotarus, the king of Galatia,
quia socius belli Mithridatici fuerat. At-
because companion of-war belongiug-to-Mithridates he-had-been. Ta-
because he had acted as his ally in the war with Mithridates. To
talo et Philaemeni Paphlagoniam reddidit; Aris-
Attalus and to-Philaemenes Paphlagonia he-gave-back ; Aris-
Attalus and Philaemenes he restored Paphlagonia ; and ap-
tarchum Colchis regem imposuit. Mox Iturasos
tarchus to-the-Colchians king he-put-upon. Presently the-Itureans
pointed Aristarchus king of the Colchians. Shortly after he
et Arabes vicit : et cum venisset in
and Arabians he-conquered ; and when he-might-have-come into
subdued the Itureans and Arabians; and arriving in
Syriam, Seleuciam, vicinam Antiochae civitatem,
Syria, Seleucia, neighbouring to-Antioch city,
Syria, presented Seleucia, a city near Antioch,
libertate donavit, ed quod regem Tigranem non
with-freedom he-presented, for-that because king Tigranes not
with its freedom, because it had not entertained
recepisset. Antiochensibus obsides
it-iuight-have-received. To-the-Antiochians hostages
king Tigranes. To the inhabitants of Antioch he restored
reddidit. Aliquantum agrorum Daphnensibus
he-gave-back. Somewhat of-fields to-the-Daphnenses
their hostages. On those of Daphne he bestowed a portion
dedit, quo lucus ibi spatiosior fieret, delectatus
he-gave, that grove there more-extensive might-be-made, delighted
of land, in order that their grove might be enlarged, being charm-
amoenitate loci et aquarum abundantia. Inde
with-the-pleasantness of-place and of-waters with-abundance. Thence
ed with the beauty of the spot and the plenty of water. March-
ad Judaeam transgressus, Hierosolymam, caput
to Judea having-gone-over, Jerusalem, . head
ing from thence to Judea, he took Jerusalem,
 LIBER SEXTUS. 127

gentis, tertio mense cepit ; duodecim millibus Judae-

of-nation, third in-month he-took; twelve thousands of-
the japital, in the third month ; twelve thousand of the Jews
orum occisis ; caeteris in fidem accep-
Jews having-been- killed ; others into faith having-been -
being slain, and the rest received on terms of sub-
tis. His gestis, in Asiam se re-
received. These(-things) having-been-carried, into Asia himself he-took-
mission. After these achievements, he marched back into
cepit, et finem antiquissimo bello dedit.
back, and end most-antient to-war gave.
Asia, and put an end to this most tedious war.
Marco Tullio Cicerone, Caio Antonio consulibus,
Marcus Tullius Cicero, Caius Antonius (being- )consuls,
In the consulate of Marcus Tullius Cicero and Caius Antonius,
anno ab urbe condita sexcentesimo octogesimo
in-year from city put-together six-hundredth eightieth
in the six hundred and eighty-ninth year from the building of the
nono, Lucius Sergius Catilina, nobilissimi generis vir
ninth, Lucius Sergius Catiline, most-noble of-kind man
city, Lucius Sergius Catiline, a man of very noble family,
sed ingenii pravissimi, ad delendam patriam con-
but of-disposition most-depraved, to to-be-blotted-out country swore-
but of a most depraved mind, conspired to destroy his
juravit, cum quibusdam claris quidem sed
together, with some bright indeed but
country, in conjunction with some other illustrious but
audacibus viris. A Cicerone urbe expulsus-est ;
bold men. By Cicero from-city he-was-driven-out ;
desperate characters. He was expelled the city by Cicero;
socii ejus deprehensi in carcere strangulati-sunt ;
companions of-him seized in prison were-strangled ;
his accomplices being taken were strangled in prison ;
ab Antonio, altera consule, Catilina ipse in praelio
by Antonius, the-other consul, Catiline himself in battle
Catiline himself was defeated in battle and slain by
victus-est et interfectus.
was-conquered and killed.
Antonius, the other consul.
128 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Sexcentesimo nonagesimo anno ab urbe con-

Six-hundredth ninetieth in-year from city put-
In the six hundred and ninetieth year from the building of the
dita, Decio Junio Silano et Lucio Muraena consu-
together, Decius Junius Silauns and Lucius Murana (being-)
city, in the consulate of Decius Junius Silanus and Lucius
libus, Metellus de Creta triumphavit ; Pompeius
consuls, Metellus from Crete triumphed ; Pompey
Mureena, Metellus triumphed on account of Crete, Pompey
de bello Piratico et Mithridatico. Nulla unquam
from war Piratic and Mithridatic. No ever
for the Piratic and Mithridatic wars. Never was any
triumphi pompa similis fuit ; ducti-sunt ante
of-triumph pomp like was ; were-led before
triumph celebrated with pomp equal to this ; the sons of Mithri-
ejus currum filius Mithridatis, Alius Tigranis,
of-him chariot son of-Mithridates, son of-Tigranes,
dates and Tigranes, and Aristobulus, king of the Jews,
Aristobulus, rex Judaeorum ; praelata ingens pecunia,
Aristobulus, king of-Jews; bome-before vast money,
were led before his car; a vast sum of money, and
auri atque argenti infinitum pondus. H6c tempore
of-gold and of-silver endless weight. This in-time
an immense mass of gold and silver preceded. At this time
nullum per orbem terrarum grave bellum erat.
no through globe of-earths heavy war was.
there was no war of any importance throughout the world.
Anno urbis conditae sexcentesimo nonagesimo
In-year of-city put-together six-hundredth ninetieth
In the six hundred and ninety-third year from the founding of
tertio, Caius Julius Caesar, qui postea imperavit,
third, Caius Julius Cifisar, who afterwards ruled,
the city, Caius Julius Ctesar, who was afterwards emperor,
cum Lucio Bibulo consul est-factus ; decreta ei
with Lucius Bibulus consul was-made ; decreed to-hirn
was made consul with Lucius Bibulus ; and Gaul and
Gallia et Illyricum cum legionibus decem. Is primd
Gaul and Illyricum with legions ten. He firstly
Illyricum were decreed to him with ten legions. He first .
 LIBER SEXTUS. 129

vicit Helvetios, qui nunc Sequani appellantur ;

conquered the-Helvetii, who now Sequani are-addressed ;
subdued the Helvetii, who are now called the Sequani;
deinde, vincendo per bella gravissima, us-
from-thence, in-conquering through wars heaviest, as-
and afterwards by his conquests in very severe wars, pro-
que ad oceanum Britannicum processit. Domuit
far-as to ocean British went-forth. He-tamed
ceeded as far as the British ocean. In about
autem annis fere novem omnem Galliam, quae inter
but in-years almost nine all Gaul, which between
nine years he reduced all that part of Gaul, which lies
Alpes, flumen Rhodanum, Rhenum, et Oceanum est,
Alps, river Rhone, Rhine, and Ocean is,
between the Alps, the river Rhone, the Rhine, and the Ocean,
et circuitu patet ad bis tricies centena millia
and in-the-going-about lies-open to twice thirty-times hundred thousands
and extends in circumference nearly six thousand
passuum. Britannis mox bellum intulit, qui-
of-paces. To-Britons presently war he-brought-against, to- -
miles. He next made war upon the Britons, who
bus ante eum ne nomen quidem Romanorum
whom before him not name indeed of-Romans
were not even acquainted with the name of the Romans
cognitum erat ; et eos quoque victos, obsidibus
known was ; and them also conquered, hostages
before his time ; and having subdued them, and re-
acceptis, stipendiaries fecit. Gallia? autem
having-been-received, tributary he-made. To-Gaul but
ceived hostages, rendered them tributary. Under the head
tributi nomine annuum imperavit sestertium
of-tribute in-name yearly, he-commanded a-thousand-sesterces
of tribute he imposed on Gaul the yearly sum of four hundred
quadringenties ; Germanosque trans Rhenum
four-hundred-times; Germans-and across the-Rhine
thousand sesterces ; and having invaded the Germans on the other
aggressus, immanissimis praeliis
having-marched-to, most-savage in-battles
side of the Rhine, conquered them in several most sanguinary
R
180 KUTROPII III8TORIA.

vicit. Inter tot successus ter male pug-

hc-conquered. Between so-many successes thrice badly he-
engagements. Among so many successes, he met with three
navit, apud Arvernos semel praesens, et absens in
fought, at the-Arverni once present, and absent in
defeats, once in person among the Arverni, and twice in Ger-
Germania bis, nam, legati ejus duo, Titurius
Germany twice, for, deputies of-bim two, Titurius
many during his absence ; for his two lieutenants, Titurius
et Aurunculeius, per insidias caesi-sunt.
and Aurunculeius, through snares were-cut.
and Aurunculeius, fell in an ambuscade.
Circa eadem tempora, anno urbis conditae sex-
About the-same times, in-year of-city put-together six-
About the same time, in the six hundred and ninety-
centesimo nonagesimo septimo, Marcus Licinius
hundredth ninetieth seventh, Marcus Licinius
seventh year from the foundation of the city, Marcus Licinius
Crassus, collega Cnaei Pompeii Magni in con-
Crassus, colleague of-Cnaeus Pompev the-Great in con-
Crassus, the colleague of Cnoeus Pompey the Great in his
sulatu secundo, contra Parthos missus-rest ; et cum
sulate second, against Parthians was-sent; and when
second consulate, was sent against the Parthians ; and hav>
circa Carras contra omina et auspicia*
about Carrie against omens and auspices
ing ventured on an engagement near Carree, contrary to the
dimicasset, a Surena, Orodis regis
he-might-have-fought, by Surens, of-Orodes king
omens and the auspices, was defeated by Surena, the general
duce, victus, ad postremum interfectus-est, cum
leader, conquered, to the-last he-was-killed, with
of king Orodes, and at last slain, toge-
filio, clarissimo et praestantissimo juvene.
son, brightest and most-excellent youth.
ther with his son, a most illustrious and excellent young man.
Reliquiae exercitus per Caium Cassium quaesto-
The-remains of-army through Caius Cassius the-quaes-
The remains of the army were preserved by Caius Cassiu*
 LIBER SEXl'US. 181

rem servatae-sunt, qui singulari animo perditas res

tor were-preserved, who singalar with-mind lost things
the quaestor, who, with singular courage so effectually
tanta virtute restituit, ut Persas,
so-great with-virtue settled-again, that the-Persians,
retrieved the ruined fortune of the Romans, that, in his retreat
rediens trans Euphratem, crebris praeliis vin-
going-back over the-Euphrates, frequent in-battles he-
over the Euphrates, he conquered the Persians in several
ceret.
might-conquer,
battles.
Hinc jam bellum civile successit, execrandum et
Hence now war civil succeeded, to-be-cursed and
Immediately upon this succeeded a civil war, truly execrable
lacrymabile, quo, praeter calamitates quae praeliis
tn-be-wept-for, in-which, besides calamities which in-battles
and deplorable, in which, besides the calamities incidental to
acciderunt, etiam Romani nominis fortuna muta-
fell-out, also Roman of-name fortune was-
battles, the good fortune of the Roman nation desert-
ta-est. Caesar enim rediens e Gallia victor,
changed. Caesar for going-back from Gaul conqueror,
ed it. For Caesar, on his return from Gaul, as a conqueror,
coepit deposcere alterum consulatum, atque, cum
began to-deniand another consulate, and, when
began to demand another consulate ; which would
sine dubietate aliqua deferretur, contradictum-
without doubtfulness some it-might-be-cOnveyed, it-was-spoken-
have been granted him without hesitation, had not Mar-
est a Marcello consule, a Bibulo, a Pompeio, a
against by Marcellus consul, by Bibulus, by Pompey, by
cellus the consul, Bibulus, Pompey, and Cato opposed
Catone; jussusque, dimissis exercitibus,
Cato j commanded-and, having-been-sent-away armies,
him ; in consequence of which he was ordered to disband
ad urbem redire : propter quam injuriam ab
to city to-go-back : on-account-of which injustice from
the army and return to Rome : in revenge for which insult, he
182 EUTBOPII HISTORIA.

Arimino, ubi milites congregates habebat,

Ariminum, where soldiers. assembleii-together he-was-having,
marched with his army from Ariminum, where his forces
adversum patriam cum exercitu venit. Consules
agaiost country with army he-came. Consuls
were assembled, against his country. The consuls,
cum Pompeio, senatusque omnis, atque uni-
with Pompey, senate-and all, and the-
together with Pompey, the whole senate, and all
versa nobilitas ex urbe fugit, et in Graeciam
whole nobility from city fled, and into Greece
the nobility, fled from the city, and crossed over into
transivit ; apud Epirum, Macedoniam, Achaiam,
went-over j at Epirus, Macedonia, Achaia,
Greece; and in Epirus, Macedonia, and Achaia,
Pompeio duce, contra Caesarem bellum
Pompey (being-)leader, against Ca;sar war
under Pompey as their general, prepared war against
paravit.
prepared.
Caesar.
Caesar, vacuam urbem ingressus, dictatorem
Caesar, empty city having-marched-into, dictator
Caesar, having marched into the deserted city, appointed him-
se fecit. Inde Hispanias petiit. Ibi Pompeii
himself made. Thence the-Spains he-sought. There of-Pompey
self dictator; and then set out for Spain. There he defeated
exercitus validissimos et fortissimos,
armies strongest and bravest,
the armies of Pompey, which were very powerful and brave,
cum tribus ducibus, Lucio Afranio, Marco Petreio,
with three leaders, Lucius Afranius, Marcus Petreius,
with their three generals, Lucius Afranius, Marcus Petreius,
Marco Varrone, superavit. Inde reversus,
Marcus Varro, he-overcame. Thence having-returned,
and Marcus Varro. In his route back from
in Graeciam transivit. Adversum Pompeium
into Greece he-went-over. Against Pompey
thence he passed over into Greece. He fought against
 LIBER SEXTUS. 133

dimicavit; primo praelio victus-est et fugatus,

he-fought; first in-battle he-was-conquered and put-to-flight,
Pompey, but in the first battle was defeated and put to flight;
evasit tamen, quia, nocte interveniente, Pom-
he-went-away yet, because, in-night coming-between, Pom-
he escaped, however, from Pompey's unwillingness to pursue him
peius sequi noluit ; dixitque Caesar, nec
pey to-follow did-not-wish ; said-and Caesar, nor
when the night was coming on ; on which Caesar remarked, that
Pompeium scire vincere, et illo tantum die
Pompey to-know to-conquer, and that only in-day
Pompey knew not how to conquer, and that he himself could have
se potuisse superari. Deinde in Thessalia
himself to-have-been-able to-be-overcome. From-thence in Thessaly
been vanquished on that day alone. They next fought at
apud Palaeopharsalum, productis utrinque
at Palaeopharsalus, having-been-led-forth on-both-sides
Paleeopharsalus in Thessaly, leading immense forces
ingenfibus copiis, dimicaverunt. Pompeii acies
vast forces, they-fought. Of-Pompey edge
into the field on both sides. The army of Pom-
habuit quadraginta millia peditum, equitum in
had forty thousands of-foot-soldiers, of-horsemen in
pey consisted of forty thousand foot, seven thousand
sinistro cornu septem millia, in dextro quingenta,
left horn seven thousands, in right five-hundred,
horse on the left wing, five hundred on the right,
praeterea totius Orientis auxilia, totamque nobi-
besides-lhat whole of-East helps, whole-aud nobi-
besides the auxiliaries of the whole Bast, and all the nobi-
iitatem, innumeros senatores, praetorios,
lity, without-number senators, men-who-had-been-praetors,
lity, senators without number, men of preetorian and
consulares, et qui magnorum jam populorum
who-had-been-consuls, and who great now of-peoples
consular dignity, and some who had already been vanquishers
victores fuissent. Caesar in acie suk habuit
conquerors might-have-been. Caesar in edge his-own had
powerful nations. Ceesar had not thirty thousand
134 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

peditum non integra triginta millia, equites

of-foot-soldiers not entice thirty thousands, horsemen
effective infantry in his army, and but one
mille. Nunquam adhuc Romanae copiae in
a-thousand. Never hitherto Roman forces into
thousand horse. Never hitherto had a greater number
unum neque majores, neque melioribus ducibus,
one nor greater, nor better with-leaders,
of Roman forces assembled in one place, nor under
convenerant, totum terrarum orbem facile
had-come-together, whole of-earths globe easily
better generals, forces which would easily have subdued the
subacturae, si contra barbaros ducerentur. Pug-
about-to-subdue, if against barbarians they-might-be-led. Having-
whole world, had they been led against barbarians. They
natum tamen est ingenti contentione, victusque ad
bcen-fought yet it-is vast with-striving conquered-and to
fought however with gre.it eagerness, but Pompey
postremum Pompeius, et castra ejus direpta-sunt.
the-last Pompey, and tents of-him were-tom-asunder.
was at last overcome, and his camp plundered.
Ipse fugatus Alexandriam petiit,
Self pnt-lo-flight Alexandria sought,
Pompey himself, being put to flight, took refuge at Alexandria,
lit a rege iEgypti, cui tutor a senatu datus-
that from king of-Egypt, to-whom guardian by senate he-had-
with the hope of receiving aid from the king of Egypt, to whom,
fuerat propter juvenilem ejus aetatem, acciperet
been-given on-account-of youthful of-him age, he-might-receive
on account of his youth, he had been appointed guardian by
auxilia, qui, fortunam magis quam amicitiam secu-
helps, who, fortune more than friendship having-
the senate; he however, regarding fortune rather than friend-
tus, oecidit Pompeium ; caput ejus et annulum
followed, slew Pompey, head of-him and ring
ship, slew Pompey, and sent his head and
Caesari misit ; quo conspectu Caesar etiam lacrymas
to-C*sar sent ; which from-sight Caesar also tears
ring to Ceesar ; at sight of which even Ceesar is said to
 LIBER SKXTUS. 135

fudisse dicitur, tanti viri intuens caput et

to-have-poured is-said, so-great of-man looking-on head and
have shed tears, as he viewed the head of so great a man, and
generi quondam sui.
of-son-in-law formerly his-own.
formerly his son-in-law.
Mox Caesar Alexandriam venit ; ipsi quoque
Presently Caesar (to-)Alexandria came; to- self also
Csesar soon after went to Alexandria; against his life
Ptolemaeus parare voluit insidias ; qua causa
Ptolemaeus to-prepare wished snares ; which from-cause
also Ptolemy attempted to form designs ; for which reason
regi bellum illatum-est : victus in Nilo pe-
tOrking war was-brought-against : conquered in Nile he-
war was made upon him, and, being defeated, he perished in the
riit, inventumque est corpus ejus cum lorica
perished, having-been-found-and is body of-him with coat-of-mail
Nile, and his body was found covered with a golden coat of
aurea. Caesar, Alexandria potitus,
golden. Caesar, Alexandria having-obtained,
mail. Caesar, having made himself master of Alexandria,
regnum Cleopatrae dedit, Ptolemaei sorori.
kingdom to-Cleopatra gave, of-Ptolemy to-sister.
conferred the kingdom on Cleopatra, the sister of Ptolemy.
Rediens inde, Caesar, Pharnacem, Mithridatis
Going-back thence, Caesar, Pharnaces, of-Mithridates
Returning from thence, Caesar defeated in battle Pharnaces, the
Magni filium, qui Pompeio in auxilium apud Thes-
the-Great son, who to-Pompey into help at Thes-
8on of the great Mithridates, who had assisted Pompey
saliam fuerat, rebellantem in Ponto et multas po-
saly had-been, warring-again in Pontus and many of-
in Thescaly, raised an insurrection in Pontus, and seized
puli Romani provincias occupantem, vicit acie ;
people Roman provinces seizing-upon, conquered in-edge ;
upon several provinces of the Roman people;
postea ad mortem coegit. Inde Romam
afterwards to death forced. Thence to-Rome
and at last drove him to self-destruction. Returning from
136 EUTROPII H1STORIA.

regressus, tertid se consulem fecit cum

having-marched-back, thirlly himself consul he-made with
theuce to Rome, he created himself a third time consul with
Marco iEmilio Lepido, qui ei magister equitum
Marcus ^Emilius Lepidus, who to-him master of-horsemen
Marcus jEmilius Lepidus, who had been his master of the
dictatori ante annum fuerat. Inde in Africam
to-dictator before, year had -been. Thence into Africa
horse when dictator the year before. From thence he went
profectus-est, ubi infinita nobilitas cum
he-wentrforth, where endless nobility with
into Africa, where a great number of the nobility, in con-
Juba, Mauritaniae rege, bellum reparave-
Juba, of-Mauritania king, war had-prepared-
junction with Juba, the king of Mauritania, had renewed the
rat. Duces autem Romani erant Publius Cornelius
again. Leaders but Roman were Publius Cornelius
war. The Roman generals were Publius Cornelius
Scipio, ex genere antiquissimo Scipionis Afri-
Scipio, from race most-antient of-Scipio Afri-
Scipio, descended from the most antient family of Scipio Afri-
cani, (hic etiam socer Magni Pompeii fuerat,)
canus, (this also father-in-law the-Great of-Pompey had-been,)
canus, (who had also been the father-in-law of the great Pompey,)
Marcus Petreius, Quintus Varus, Marcus Porcius
Marcus Petreius, Quintus Varus, Marcus Porcius
Marcus Petreius, Quintus Varus, Marcus Porcius
Cato, Lucius Cornelius Faustus, Syllae dicta-
Cato, Lucius Cornelius Faustus, of-Sylla dicta-
Cato, and Lucius Cornelius Faustus, the son of Sylla,
toris filius. Contra hos commisso praelio,
tor son. Against these having-been-joined-together battle,
the dictator. In a battle fought against them,
post multas dimicationes victor fuit. Cato,
after many fightings conqueror he-was. Cato,
after many skirmishes Caesar was victorious. Cato,
Scipio, Petreius, Juba, ipsi se occiderunt ;
Scipio, Petreius, Juba, selves themselves slew;
Scipio, Petreius, Juba, slew themselves ;
 . ' LIBER SEXTUS. • 137

Faustus, Pompeii gener, a Caesare interfectus-

Faustus, of-Pompey son-in-law, by Caesar was-
Faustus, Pompey's son-in-law, was slain by
est.
killed.
Caesar.
Post annum Caesar, Romam regressus, quartum
After year Cassar, (to-)Rome having-ntarched-back, fourthly
On his return to Rome, a year after, Csesar created himself a
se consulem fecit, et statim ad Hispanias est-
himself consul made, and immediately to the-Spain went-
fourth time consul, and immediately proceeded to
profectus, ubi, Pompeii filii, Cnaeus et Sextus,
forth, where of-Pompey sons, Cnaeus . and Sextus,
Spain, where the sons of Pompey, Cnseus and Sextus,
ingens bellum reparaverant. Multa praelia fuerunt ;
vast war had-prepared-again. Many battles were ;
had renewed an alarming war. Many engagements ensued ;
ultimum praelium apud Mundam civitatem, in quo
last battle at Munda city, in which
the last near the city Munda, in which
adeo Caesar pene victus-est, ut, fugientibus
to-that-degree Caesar almost was-conquered, that, fleeing
Caesar so nearly sustained a defeat, that upon his forces
suis, se voluerit occidere, ne, post
bis-own, himself he-may-have-wished to-slay, lest, after
giving way, he was on the point of killing himself, lest, after
tantam rei militaris gloriam, in potestatem ado-
so-great of-thing military glory, into power of-
having acquired such great glory in war, he should fall, at the
lescentium, natus annos sex et quinquaginta, ve-
youths, born years six and fifty, he-
age of fifty-six, into the hands of
niret. Denique, reparatis ' suis, vicit;
might-come. Lastly having-been-prepared-again his-own, he-conquered ;
youths. At length, having rallied his troops, he conquered;
et Pompeii filius major occisus-est, minor fugit.
and of-Pompey son greater was-slain, less fled.
and the elder son of Pompey was slain, the younger fled.
s
138 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Inde Caesar, bellis civilibus toto orbe compo-

Thence Caesar, wars civil whole iu-globe having-been-
After this, the civil wars throughout the world being terminated,
sitis, Romam rediit: agere insolentiiis coepit,
»et-together, to-Rome be-went-back : to-act more-unusually he-began,
Ceesar, on his return to Rome, began to conduct himself with
et contra consuetudinem Romanae liber-
and against custom Roman of-li-
greater arrogance, and to make encroachments on the freedom
tatis. Cum ergo et honores ex sua
berty. When therefore and honors from his-own
of the Romans. As he disposed therefore at his own pleasure
voluntate praestaret, qui a populo antea defere-
will he-might-sel-forth, which by people before-that were-con-
of those honors, which before were conferred by the
bantur, nec senatui ad se venienti assur-
veyed, nor lo-senate to himself coming he-might-
people, and did not even rise up when the senate ap-
geret, aliaque regia ac pene tyrannica
rise-up, other-(things-) and kingly and almost tyrannical
proached him, and in other respects acted as a king or rather
faceret, conjuratum-est in eum a sexaginta
he-might-do, it-was-sworn-together against him by sixty
as a tyrant, a conspiracy was formed against him by sixty
vel amplius senatoribus equitibusque Romanis.
or more senators horsemen-and Roman,
or more senators and Roman knigbts.
Praecipui fuerunt inter conjuratos duo Bruti,
Foremost were among those-sworn-together two the-Bruti,
The chief among the conspirators were the two Bruti,
ex eo genere Bruti qui primus Romae consul est-
from that family of-Brutus who first at-Rome consul was-
descended from that Brutus, who had been made first consul of
factus et reges expulerat, Caius Cassius, et Ser-
made and kings had-driren-out, Caius Cassias, and Ser-
Rome andwhohadexpelled the kings, Caius Cassius, and Ser-
vilius Casca. Ergo Caesar, cum senatus die
vilius Casca. Therefore Ca?sar, when of-senate on-day
vilius Casca. Ceesar therefore, having on a certain day
 LIBER SEXTUS. 139

quadam inter caeteros venisset ad curiam, tribus

certain among the-rest be-might-have-come to court, three
come into the senate house with the rest, fell
et viginti vulneribus confossus-est.
and twenty with-wounds was-dug-tbrough.
pierced with three and twenty wounds.
140 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

LIBER SEPTIMUS.
BOOK SEVENTH.
THE SEVENTH BOOK.

Anno urbis septingentesimo fere ac nono, inter-

In-jear of-city seven-hundredth almost and ninth, having-
In aboat the seven hundred and ninth year of the city, upon
fecto Caesare, bella civilia reparata-sunt ;
been-made-away-with Caesar, wars civil were-prepared-again ;
the murder of Ceesar, the civil wars were renewed ;
percussoribus enim Caesaris senatus favebat ; An-
to-strikers for of-Caesar senate was-favoring ; An-
for the senate favored the assassins of Ccesar ; but
tonius consul, partium Caesaris, civili bello
tony consul, of-parts of-Caesar, civil in-war
Antony, the consul, who was one of his adherents, endeavoured
opprimere eos conabatur. Ergo turbata re-
to-press-down them was-endeavouring. Therefore disturbed in-re-
to crush them in a civil war. The state therefore being
publica, multa Antonius scelera com-
public, many Antony crimes com-
thrown into confusion, and Antony perpetrating many acts of
mittens, a senatu hostis judicatus-est. Missi ad
mitting, by senate enemy was-judged. Sent to
wickedness, he was declared an enemy by the senate. The two
eum persequendum duo consules, Pansa et Hirtius,
him to-pursue two consuls, Pansa and Hirtius,
consuls, Pansa and Hirtius, were sent in pursuit of him,
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 141

et Octavianus, adolescens annos octodecim

and Octavianus, youth years eighteen
together with Octavianus, a youth of eighteen
natus, Caesaris nepos, quem ille testamento
born, of-Caesar nephew, whom he by-will
years, the nephew of Csesar, whom by will he
haeredem reliquerat, et nomen suum ferre jus-
heir had-left, and name Ins-own to-bear had-
had appointed his heir, with directions to bear his
serat ; hie est, qui postea Augustus est die-
commanded; this is, who afterwards Augustus is having-been-
name ; this is the same who was afterwards called Au-
tus et rerum potitus. Quare profecti
said and of-things having-become-possessor. Wherefore having-gone-forth
gustus and obtained the imperial dignity. These three generals
contra Antonium, tres duces vicerunt eum. Eve-
against Antony, three leaders conquered him. It-came-
therefore marching against Antony, defeated him. The
nit tamen, ut victores consules ambo morirentur ;
out yet, that conquerors consuls both might-die ;
two victorious consuls however happened to die ;
quare tres exercitus uni Caesari paruerunt.
wherefore three armies one to-Caesar obeyed,
by which means three armies fell to the command of Caesar.
Fugatus Antonius, amisso exercitu,
Put-to-flight Antony, having-been-sent-away army,
Antony, upon his defeat and the dispersion of his army,
confugit ad Lepidum, qui Caesari magister equiturh
fled to Lepidus, who to-Caesar master of-horsemen
fled for refuge to Lepidus, who had been master of the horse to
fuerat, et tum copias militum grandes
had-been, and then forces of-soldiers great
Csesar, and at that time was in possession of a strong body
habebat, a quo susceptus-est. Mox, Lepido
was-having, by whom he-was-taken-up. Presently, Lepidus
of forces, by whom he was kindly received. By the mediation
operam dante, Caesar cum Antonio pacem fecit ;
labour gfriflg) Cassar with Antony peace made ;
of Lepidus, Caesar shortly after made peace with Antony;
142 EUTROPIl HISTORIA.

et quasi vindicaturus patris sui mortem, a quo

rod as-if about-to-revenge of-father his-own death, by whom
and under pretence of avenging his father's death, by whom
per testamentum fuerat adoptatus, Romam cum
through will he-bad-been adopted, (to-)Rome with
he had been adopted by will, marched to
exercitu profectus-est, extorsitque, ut sibi vigesimo
army he-went-forth, wrested-from-and, that to-himself twentieth
Rome with an army, and forcibly procured his appointment
anno consulatus daretur. Senatum pro-
in-year consulate might-be-given. Senate he-
to the consulate in his twentieth year. In conjunction with
scripsit cum Antonio et Lepido, et rempub-
proscribed with Antony and Lepidus, and repub-
Antony and Lepidus he proscribed the senate, and began to make
licam armis tenere coepit. Per hos etiam Cicero
lie with-anns to-hold begun. Through these also Cicero
himself master of the state by arms. Cicero the orator, and many
orator occisus-est, multique alii nobiles.
orator was-slain, many-and other noble,
others of the nobility, fell victims to them.
Interea Brutus et Cassius, interfectores
In-the-mean-titne Brutus and Cassius, killers
In the mean time Brutus and Cassius, the murderers of
Caesaris, ingens bellum moverunt : erant enim per
of-Csssar, vast war moved : were for through
Ceesar, raised an alarming war : for there were several
Macedoniam et Orientem multi exercitus, quos
Macedonia and the-East many armies, which
armies in Macedonia and the East, which
occupaverunt. Profecti igitur contra
they-seized-upon. Having-gone-forth therefore against
they brought under their power. Ceesar Octavianus Augustus
eos, Cresar Octavianus Augustus et Marcus Antonius
them, Caesar Octavianus Augustus and Mark Antony
therefore and Mark Antony proceeding against them,
(remanserat enim ad defendendam Italiam Le-
(had-staid-behind for to to-be-defended Italy Le-
(for Lepidus had remained for the defence of
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 143

pidus) apud Philippos, Macedoniae urbem, contra

pidus) at Philippi, of-Macedonia city, against
Italy) came to an engagement at Philippi, a city
eos pugnaverunt. Primo praelio victi-sunt Antonius
them fought. First in-battle were conquered Antony
of Macedonia. In the first battle Antony and Ceesar were
et Caesar, periit tamen, dux nobilitatis, Cassius ;
and Ciesar, perished yet, leader ,of-nobility, Cassius;
conquered, but Cassius, the leader of the nobility, fell ;
secundo Brutus et infinita nobilitas, quae
in-second Brutus and endless nobility, which
in the second Brutus and very many of the nobility who
cum illis bellum gesserat : ac sic inter eos divisa-
with them war had-carried : and so between them was-di-
had joined them in the war : and the republic was thus di-
est respublica, ut Augustus Hispanias,
vided republic, that Augustus the-Spains,
vided among the conquerors ; to Augustus was allotted the
Gallias, Italiam teneret, Antonius Asiam, Pontum,
the-Gauls, Italy might-hold, Antony Asia, Pontus,
Spains, the Gauls and Italy, to Antony Asia, Pontus,
Orientem. Sed intra Italiam Lucius Antonius
the-East. But within I'aly Lucius Antonias
and the East. But Lucius Antonius, the consul, the brother
consul bellum civile commovit, frater ejus, qui cum
consul war civil moved-together, brother of-him, who with
of the one who had fought with Ceesar against
Cassare contra Brutum et Cassium dimicaverat :
Ceesar against Brutus and Cassius had-fought:
Brutus and Cassius, kindled a civil war within Italy ;
is apud Perusiam, Tusciae civitatem, victus
he at Perusia, of-Tuscany city, having-been-conquered
and being defeated near Perusia, a city of Tuscany, was
et captus est, neque occisus.
and taken is, nor cut-down,
taken prisoner, but not slain.
Interim a Sexto Pompeio, Cnaei Pompeii
In-the-mean-time by Sextus Pompey, of-Cnaeus . Pompey
In the mean time a war of a serious nature was excited in
144 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

Magni filio, ingens bellum in Sicilia commotum-est,

the-Great son, vast war in Sicily was-moved-togetber,
Sicily by Sextus Pompey, the son of Cneeus Pompey the Great,
his, qui superfuerant ex partibus Bruti Cassiique,
those, who had-been-over from parts of-Brutus of-Cassius-and,
to whom the remaining partisans of Brutus and Cassius
ad eum confluentibus. Bellatum per Caesarem
to him flowing-tugether. Warred through Caesar
flocked from all parts. The war against Sextus
Augustum Octavianum et Marcum Antonium adver-
Augustus Octavianus and Mark Antony a-
Pompey was carried on by Caesar Augustus Octavianus
sus Sextum Pompeium. Pax postremo convenit.
gainst Sextus Pompeius. Peace lastly came-together.
and Mark Antony. A peace was at length concluded.
Eo tempore Marcus Agrippa in Aquitania rem
That in-time Marcus Agrippa in Aquitania thing
About that time Marcus Agrippa met with signal success
prosperegessit: et Lucius Ventidius Bassus, irrum-
prosperousty carried : and Lucius Ventidius Bassus, break-
in Aquitania ; and also Lucius Ventidius Bassus defeated
pentes in Syriam, Persas tribus praeliis
ing-in into Syria, (he-Persians three in-battles
the Persians, who were making incursions into Syria, in three
vicit. Pacorum, regis Orodis filium, interfecit
conquered. Pacorus, of-king Orodes son, he-killed
engagements. He slew Pacorus, the son of king Orodes,
eo ipso die, quo olim Orodes, Persarum rex,
that self in-day, in-which once Orodes, of-Persians king,
on that very day, on which Orodes, the king of the Persians,
per ducem Surenam, Crassum occiderat.
through leader Surena, Crassus had-cut-down.
had before slain Crassus by the hands of his general Surena.
Hic primus de Parthis justissimum triumphum
This first from Parthians most-just triumph
He was the first who obtained a most deserved triumph at Rome
Romae egit. *
at-Rome acted.
on account of the Parthians.
 LIBEE. SEPTIMUS. 145

Interim , Pompeius pacem rupit, et, navali

In-the-mean-time Pompey peace broke, and, naval
In the mean time Pompey violated the peace, and, being
praelio victus, fugiens ad Asiam, interfectus-
in-battle conquered, fleeing to Asia, was-
conquered in a sea-fight, fled to Asia, and was there
est.
"killed,
slain.
Antonius, qui Asiam et Orientem tenebat, re-
Antony, who Asia and the-East was-holding, having-
Antony, who possessed Asia and the East, hav-
pudiata sorore Caesaris Augusti Octaviani, Cleo-
been-divorced sister of-Caesar Augustus Octavianus, Cleo-
ing divorced the sister of Caesar Augustus Octavianus, married
patram, reginam iEgypti, duxit uxorem. Contra
patra, queen of-Egypt, led wife. Against
Cleopatra, queen of Egypt. He also
Persas ipse etiam pugnavit : primis eos praeliis
Persians self also fought : first them tn-battles
fought against the Persians, and defeated them in the
vicit ; regrediens tamen fame et pestilen-
he-conquered ; marching-back yet with-hunger and with-pesti-
first encounters ; but on his return suffered greatly from hunger
tia laboravit, et, cum instarent Parthi fa
ience he-labored, and, when might-be-at-hand the-Parthians to-
and pestilence ; and being pressed in his retreat by the Par-
gienti, ipse pro victo recessit.
(him-)fleeing, self for conquered went-back.
thians, was compelled to withdraw as a defeated general.
Hie quoque ingens bellum civile commovit, cogente
He also vast war civil moved-together, compelling
He also excited a civil war of some importance, at the in-
uxore Cleopatra, regina. iEgypti ; dum cu-
wife Cleopatra, queen of-Egypt; whilst by-
stigation of his wife Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt ; who with
-piditate muliebri optat etiam in urbe regnare.
desire womanish she-wishes also in city to-reign.
a womanish ambition aspired to the empire of Rome.
T
146 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

Victus-est ab Augusto navali pugna, clara et

He-wa»-conquered by Augustus naval in-fight, bright and
He was defeated by Augustus in the famous and celebrated
illustri, apud Actium, qui locus in Epiro est; ex
shining, at Actium, which place in Epirus is ; from
sea-fight near Actium, a place in Epirus ; after
qua fugit in iEgyptum, et, desperatis
which he-fled into Egypt, and, being-past-hope
which he fled into Egypt, and, his affairs becoming des-
rebus, cum omnes ad Augustum transirent, ipse
things, when all to Augustus might-go-over, self
perate, and all deserting to Augustus, he
se interemit. Cleopatra sibi aspidem admisit,
himself killed. Cleopatra to-herself an-asp let-to,
slew himself. Cleopatra applied an asp to her bosom,
et veneno ejus extincta-est. iEgyptus per Octa-
and with-poison of-it was-extinguished. Egypt through Ocla-
and perished by its venom. Egypt was added to
vianum Augustum imperio Romano adjectus-est,
vianus Augustus to-empire Roman was-cast-tu,
the Roman empire by Octavianus Augustus,
praepositusque ejus factus-est Cnaeus Cornelius Gal-
overseer-and of-it was-made Cnaeus Cornelius Gal-
and Cneeus Cornelius Callus was appointed gover-
lus; hunc primum iEgyptus Romanum judicem
lus ; him first Egypt Roman judge
nor ; he was the first Roman judge that Egypt
habuit.
had.
had.
Ita bellis toto orbe confectis,
So with-wars whole in-globe thoroughly-done.
Thus a termination being put to wars throughout the world,
Octavianus Augustus Romam rediit duodecimo
Octavianus Augustus (to-)Rome went-hack twelfth
Octavianus Augustus returned to, Rome in the twelfth year
anno postquam consul fuerat. Ex eo rempub-
in-year after-that consul he-had-been. From that repub-
after he had been elected consul. From that period he
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 147

licam per quadraginta quatuor annos solus obti-

lic through forty four years alone he-
held the government for forty years
nuit ; ante enim duodecim annis cum Antonio
kept-hold-of ; before for twelve in-years with Antony
alone; for he had held it for the twelve previous years in
et Lepido tenuerat. Ita ab initio prin-
and Lepidus he-had-held. So from beginning of-
cohjunction with Antony and Lepidus. Thus from the beginning
cipatfls ejus usque ad finem, quinquaginta sex
principality of-hiiu as-far-as to end, fifty si*
of his reign to the end, were fifty-
anni fuerunt. Obiit autem octogesimo sexto
years were. He-went-through but eightieth sixth
six years. He died a natural death in his
anno morte communi, in oppido Campaniae Atella ;
in-year by-death common, in town of-Campania Atella ;
eighty-sixth year, at the town of Atella in Campania;
Romae in Campo Martio sepelitur; vir
at-Rome in plain belonging-to-Mars he-is-buried ; man
his remains are interred at Rome in the Campus Martius ; a man
qui non immeritd ex maxima parte deo similis
who not undeservedly from greatest part to-god like
who was considered not without reason in most respects to resem-
est-putatus, neque enim facile ullus eo aut
was-thought, nor for easily any than-that-(man) or
ble a divinity, for scarcely ever was there any one more sue-
in bellis felicior fuit, aut in pace moderatior ; qua-
in wars more-happy was, or in peace more-moderate ; for-
cessful than him in war, or more moderate in peace ; for
draginta quatuor annos, quibus solus gessit impe-
ty four years, in-which alone he-carried em-
the forty-four years during which he held the government
rium, civilissime vixit, in
pire, most-citizen-like he-lived, into
alone, he conducted himself with the greatest courtesy, '
cunctos liberalissimus, in amicos fidissimus,
all most-liberal, into friends most-faithful,
very liberal to all, and most constant to his friends,
 148 EUTR0PII HISTORIA.

quos tantis evexit honoribus, ut pene aequa-

whom so-great he-carried-out with-bonors, that almost he-might-
whom he raised to such great honors, that he placed them al-
ret fastigio suo. Nullo tempore
equal to-height his-own. No in-time
most on a level with his own elevation. At no period
ante eum res Romana magis floruit; nam, ex-
before him thing Roman more flourished ; for, having-
before him was the Roman state more flourishing; for, with the
ceptis civilibus bellis, in quibus invictus fuit, Ro-
been-taken-out civil wars, in which unconquerecl he-was, Ro-
exception of the civil wars, in which he was invincible, he
mano adjecit imperio iEgyptum, Cantabriam, Dal-
man he-cast-to to-empire Egypt, Cantabria, Dal-
added to the Roman empire Egypt, Cantabria, Dal
matian!, saepe ante victam sed penitus tunc subac-
matia, often before conquered but thoroughly then driven-
matia, often before conquered but then _ entirely re-
tam, Pannoniam, Aquitaniam, Illyricum, Rhaetiam,
under, Pannonia, Aquitania, Illyricum, Rhaetia,
duced, Pannonia, Aquitania, Illyricum, Rheetia,
Vindelicos et Salassos in Alpibus, omnes Ponti
the-Vindelici and the-Salassi in the-Alps, all of-Pontus
the Vindelici and Salassi on the Alps, all the ma-
maritimas civitates, in his nobilissimas
maritime cities, in these most-noble
ritime cities of Pontus, and, among them, the two most noble,
Bosporum et Panticapaeon. Vicit autem
Bosporus and Panticapaeon. He-conquered but
Bosporus and Panticapeeon. He also conquered the Da-
praeliis Dacos ; Germanorum ingentes copias ce-
in-battles the-Daci ; of-Germans vast forces he-
cians in battle ; put to the sword immense forces of the Ger-
cidit ; ipsos quoque trans Albim fluvium submovit,
cut ; selves also across Albis river he-moved-awav,
mans ; and forced them beyond the river Albis,
qui in Barbarico longe ultra Rhenum est:
which in barbarian-(country) far beyond Rhine is :
which is in the country of the Barbarians far beyond the Rhine:
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 149

hoc tamen bellum per Drusum, privignum suum,

this yet war through Drusus, step-son his- own,
this war however he carried on by means of his step-
administravit, sicut per privignum Tiberium alte-
he-served-to, so-as through step-son Tiberius the-
son Drusus, as he had also the oiher in Pannonia by his
rum Pannonicum, quo bello trecenta millia capti-
other the-Pannonian, which in-war three-hundred thousands of-
step-son Tiberius, in which he transplanted three hundred
vorum ex Germania transtulit, et super ripam
captives from Germany he-brought-over, and above bank
thousand prisoners from Germany, and settled them in
Rheni in Gallia collocavit. Armeniam a Parthis
of-Rhine in Gaul placed- together. Armenia from Parthians
Gaul on the bank of the Rhine. He recovered Armenia from
recepit. Obsides, quod nulli antea, Persae ei
he-took- back. Hostages, which none before, Persians to-him
the Parthians. The Persians gave him hostages, which they had
dederunt. Reddiderunt etiam signa
gave. They-gave-back also signs
done to no one before. The Parthians also restored the Roman
Romana, quae Crasso victo ademerant.
Roman, which to-Crassus conquered they-had-taken-away.
standards, which they had taken from the conquered Crassus.
Scythae et Indi, quibus antea Romanorum
Scythians and Indians, to-whom before-that of-Romans
The Scythians and Indians, to whom the Roman name
nomen incognitum fuerat, munera et legatos ad eum
name unknown had-been, gifts and deputies to him
was before unknown, sent him presents and am-
miserunt. Galatia quoque sub h6c provincia fac-
sent. Galatia also under this province ' was-
bassadors. Galatia also was made a province under his
ta-est, cum antea regnum fuisset, primus-
made, when before-that kingdom it-might-have-been, first-
reign, having before been an independent kingdom, and Mar
que eam Marcus Lollius pro prretore adminis-
and it Marcus Lollius for prtetor served-
cus Lollius was the first that governed there, in the quality of
150 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

travit. Tanto autem amore etiam apud barbaros

to. So-great but with-love also at barbarians
praetor. But so much was he beloved even by the bar-
fuit, ut reges, populi Romani amici, in honorem
he-was, that kings, of-people Roman friends, into honor
barians, that kings, allies of the Roman people, founded ci-
ejus conderent civitates, quas Caesareas nomina-
of-him might-put-together cities, which Caesareas they-might-
ties in his honor, to which they gave the name of
rent, sicut in Mauritania a rege Juba, et in Pa-
name, so-as, in Mauritania by king Juba, and in Pa-
Ceesarea, as one in Mauritania by king Juba, and another
laestina, quae nunc est urbs clarissima. Multi
lestine, which now is city brightest. Many
in Palestine, which is now a very celebrated city. Many
autem reges ex regnis suis venerunt, et habitu
but kings from kingdoms their-own came, and in-fashion
kings moreover left their own dominions, and assuming
Romano, togati scilicet, ad vehiculum vel equum
Roman, gowned truly, to carriage or horse
the Roman dress, that is the toga, ran by the side of his car-
ipsius cucurrerunt. Moriens divus appellatus-est.
of-him ran. Dying god he-was-termed.
riage or his horse. At his death he was styled a divinity.
Rempublicam beatissimam Tiberio successori re-
Republic most-blessed to-Tiberius successor he-
He left the republic in a most flourishing condition to his succes-
liquit, qui privignus ejus, mox gener, pos-
left-behind, who step-son of-him, presently son-in-law, last-
sor Tiberius, who had been his step-son, afterwards his son-in-
tremd adoptione filius fuerat.
ly by-adoption son had-been.
law, and lastly his son by adoption.
Tiberius ingenti socordia imperium gessit, gravi
Tiberius vast with-heartlessness empire carried, heavy
Tiberius governed the empire with great indolence, exces-
crudelitate, scelesta avaritia, turpi libidine ;
with-cruelty, wicked with-avarice, base with-lust ;
sive cruelty, impious avarice, and abandoned debauchery ;
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 151

nam nusquam ipse pugnavit ; bella per legatos

for no-where self hc-fought; wars through deputies
he fought on no occasion in person ; the wars were carried on by
suos gessit : quosdam reges, ad se per blanditias
his-own he-carried : some kings, to himself through flatteries
his lieutenants; some kings, induced to visit him by se-
evocatos, nunquam remisit, in queis Arche-
called-forth, never he-sent-back, in whom Arche-
ducing allurements, he never sent back, among whom was Ar-
laura Cappadocem, cujus etiam regnum in pro-
laus the-Cappadocian, of-whom also kingdom into of-
chelaus of Cappadocia, whose kingdom also he reduced
vinciae formam redegit, et maximam civitatem
province form he-reduced, and greatest city
to the form of a province, and directed that its principal
appellari suo nomine jussit, quae nunc Cassarea
to-be-styled his-own by-name he-commanded,, which now Csesarea
city should be called after his own title ; whose original name
dicitur, cum Mazaca antea vocaretur. Hie
is-said, when Mazaca before-that it-mightbe-called. This
Mazaca is consequently now changed to Caesarea. He
tertio et vigesimo imperii anno, aetatis octogesimo
third and twentieth of-empire in-year, of-age in-eightieth
died in Campania, in the three and twentieth year of his
tertio, ingenti omnium gaudio, mortuus-est in
third, vast of-all with-joy, died in
reign, and the eighty-third of his age, to the great joy
Campania.
Campania.
of all men.
Successit ei Caius Caesar, cognomento Caligula,
Succeeded to-him Caius Ca:sar, by-surname Caligula,
To him succeeded Caius Caesar, surnamed Caligula,
Drusi privigni Augusti, et ipsius Tiberii
of-Drusus step-son of-Augustus, and self of-Tiberius
the grandson of Drusus the step-son of Augustus, and of Tiberius
nepos, sceleratissimus ac funestissimus, et qui
grandson, most-wicked and most-deadly, and who
himself, a most impious and cruel man, and who
152 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

etiam Tiberii dedecora purgaverit. Bellum con-

also of-Tiberius disgraces may-have-cleansed. War a-
effaced even the memory of Tiberius's enormities. He undertook
tra Germanos suscepit; et ingressus Sueviam,
gainst Germans he-undertook; and having-marched-into Suevia,
a war against the Germans ; and having entered Suevia,
nihil strenue fecit. Cum adversum
nothing boldly he-did. When against
achieved nothing of consequence. While tyrannising over
cunctos ingenti avaritia, libidine, crudelitate saevi-
all vast with-avarice, with-lust, with-cruelty he-might-
all with insatiable avarice, lust, and
ret, interfectus in palatio est, anno aetatis
be-fierce, having-been-killed in palace he-is, in-year of-age
cruelty, he was slain in the palace, in. the thirty-
suae trigesimo nono, imperii tertio, mense decimo,
his-own thirtieth ninth, of-empire in-third, in-month tenth,
ninth year of his age, in the third year, tenth month,
dieque octavo.
in-day-and eighth,
and eighth day of his reign.
Post hunc Claudius fuit, patruus Caligulae,
After this Claudius ' was, uncle of-Caligula,
After him reigned Claudius, the uncle of Caligula,
Drusi, qui apud Moguntiacum monumentum habet,
of-Drusus, who at Moguntiacum . monument has,
and the son of that Drusus, who has a monument at Mogun-
filius, cujus et Caligula nepos erat. Hic .medie
son, of-whom and Caligula grandson was. This in-a-middle-way
tiacum, whose grandson Caligula also was. His reign was but
imperavit, multa gerens tranquille atque mo-
governed, many-(things) carrying tranquilly and mo-
indifferent ; in many respects characterized by gentleness and mo
derate, quaedam crudeliter atque insulse. Britanniae
derately, some cruelly and sillily. To-Britain
deration, in some by cruelty and weakness. He made
intulit bellum, quam nullus Romanorum post
he-brought-against war, which no-one of-Romans after
war upon Britain, which no Roman since
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 1,53

Julium Caesarem attigerat; eaque devicta

Julius Czesar had-touched-at ; that-and having-keen-quite-conquered
Julius Caesar bad visited ; and having reduced it
per Cnaeum Sentium et Aulum Plautium, illustres
through Cnsus Sentius and Aulus Plautius shining
by Cnseus Sentius and Aulus Plautius, illustrious
et nobiles viros, triumphum celebrem egit.
and noble men, triumph celebrated he-acted,
and noble men, he celebrated a magnificent triumph.
Quasdam insulas etiam, ultra Britanniam in oceano
Some islands also, beyond Britain in the-ocean
Certain islands also, called the Orcades, situated beyond
positas, Romano imperio addidit, quae appellantur
placed, Roman to-empire he-gave-to, which are-styled
Britain in the ocean, he added to the Roman
Orcades ; filioque suo Britannici nomen imposuit.
Orcades; to-son-and his-own of-Britannicus name he-placed-on.
empire ; and gave his son the name of Britannicus.
Tam civilis autem circa quosdam amicos exstitit,
So citizen-like but about some friends he-stood-out,
So courteous too was he to some of his friends,
ut etiam Plautium, nobilem virum, qui in expedi-
that also Plautius, noble man, who in expedi-
that he even attended Plautius, a person of noble birth, who
tione Britannica multa ac egregia fecerat, tri-
tion British many-(things) and select had-made, tri-
had obtained many signal successes in the expedition to
umphantem ipse prosequeretur, et conscendenti
umphing self might-follow-throughout, and to-(him-)climbing-up
Britain, in his triumph, and walked at his left
capitolium lasvus incederet. Is vixit annos sexaginta
the-capitol left might-go-on. He lived years sixty
hand when hewentupto the capitol. He lived to the age of sixty-
quatuov ; imperavit quatuordecim : post mortem
four; he- governed fourteen; after death
four ; he reigned fourteen ; and after his death
consecratus-est, divusque appellatus.
he-was-made-sacred, god-and styled,
was consecrated and deified.
U
ir,4 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Successit huic Nero, Caligulae, avunculo suo,

Succeeded to-tbia Nero, to-Caligula, to-uncle his-own,
To him succeeded Nero, who greatly resembled his uncle
simillimus, qui imperium Romanum et deformavit
most-like, who empire Roman and dis6gured
Caligula, and both disgraced and weakened the Ro-
et diminuit; inusitatae luxuriae sumptuumque,
and lessened ; unusual of-luxury of-expenses-and,
man empire ; his luxury and extravagance were so uncommon,
ut qui, exemplo Caii Caligulae, calidis et
as who, by-example of-Caius Caligula, hot and
that after the example of Caius Caligula, he even bathed
frigidis se lavaret unguentis ; retibus aureis pis-
cold himself might-wash with-ointments ; with-nets golden might-
in hot and cold perfumes ; and fished with golden
caretur, quae blatteis funibus extrahebat. Infi-
fish, which purple with-ropes he-was-drawing-out. End-
nets, which he drew out with cords of purple silk. He
nitam partem senatus interfecit. Bonis
less part of-senate he-made-away-with. To-good-(men)
put to death a very great number of the senate. He was an
omnibus hostis fuit. Ad postremum se tanto
all enemy he-was. To last himself so- great
enemy to all good men. At last he prostituted
dedecore prostituit, ut saltaret et can-
«ith-disgrace he-set-forth, that he-might-dance and might-
himself in so disgraceful a manner, that he danced and sung
taret in scena citharoedico habitu et tragi-
sing in stage belonging-to-a-harper in-fashion and belonging-to-
upon the stage in the dress of a singer and a
co. Parricidia multa commisit, fratre, uxore,
a-player. Parricides many he-committed, brother, wife,
player. He was guilty of many parricides, his brother, wife,
matre interfectis. Urbem Romam
mother being-made-away-with. City Rome
and mother being put to death by him. He set on fire the city
incendit, ut spectaculi ejus imaginem cer-
he-set-on-fire, that of-spectacle of-that image he-
of Rome, that he might witness a representation of the
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 155

neret, quasi olim Troja capta

might-see, as-if formerly Troy taken
spectacle which Troy formerly presented when captured and
arserat.
had-flamed.
burnt.
In re militari nihil omnino ausus, Bri-
In thing military nothing altogether having-dared, Bri-
In the military department he attempted nothing, but
tanniam pene amisit ; nam duo sub hdc nobilissima
tain almost he-lost ; for two under this most-noble
almost lost Britain ; for two of its most noble towns
oppida capta illic atque eversa sunt. Arme-
towns having-been-taken there and overturned are. Arme-
were taken and levelled to the ground under his reign. The Par-
niam Parthi sustulerunt, legionesque Romanas
nia the-Parthians took-away, legions-ana Roman
thians took possession of Armenia, and compelled the Roman le-
sub jugum miserunt. Duae tamen provinciae
under yoke sent. Two yet provinces
gions to pass under the yoke. Two provinces however
sub eo factae-sunt, Pontus Polemoniacus, conce-
under that were-made, Pontus Polemoniacus, yield-
were formed under him, Pontus Polemoniacus, by the
dente rege Polemone, et Alpes, Cottio rege de-
ing king Polemon, and the-Alps, Cottius king having-
concessions of king Polemon, and the Alps, by the death
functo.
served-out-(his-life.)
of king Cottius.
Propter hoc Romanas urbi execrabilis,
On-account-of this Roman to-city worthy-to-be-cursed,
For these reasons becoming detestable to the city of Rome,
ab omnibus simul destitutus, et a senatu hostis
by all at-once forsaken, and by senate enemy
deserted at the same time by every one, and declared an enemy
judicatus, quum quaereretur ad poenam, (quae
judged, when he-might-be-sought to punishment, (which
by the senate, when sought for to be led to execution, (the
156 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

poena erat talis, ut nudus per publicum

punishment was such, that naked through public-way
manner of which was, that he should be drawn naked through
ductus, furca capiti ejus inserta, virgis usque
led, with-fork to-head of-him thrust-in, with-twigs as-far-as
the streets, with a fork placed under his head, be beaten to
ad mortem caederetur, atque ita praecipitaretur
to death he-might-be-cut, and so might-be-thrown-headlong
death with rods, and then hurled from the Tar-
de saxo,) « palatio fugit, et in suburbano
from rock,) from palace he-tied, and in house-withuut-the-city
peian rock,) he fled from the palace, and killed himself in a
se liberti sui, quod est inter Salariam et
himself of-freed-man his-own, which is between Salarian and
suburban villa of one of his freetl-men, between the Salarian and
Nomentanam viam, ad quartum urbis milliarium,
Nomentane way, to fourth of-city mile-stone,
Nomentane roads, at the fourth mile-stone from
interfecit. Is sdificavit Romae thermas, quae
he-made-away-with. He built at-Rome hot-baths, which
Rome. He built those hot baths at Rome, which
ante Neronianae dictae, nunc Alexandrinae appel-
before Neronian said, now Alexandrine are-
were formerly called the Neronian, but now the Alex-
lantur. Obiit trigesimo et altero aetatis anno,
styled. He-went-through thirtieth and another of-age in-year,
andrine. He died in the thirty-first year of his age,
imperii decimo quarto ; atque in eo omnis
of-empire in-tenth fourth ; and in that all
and the fourteenth year of his reign ; and in him all
familia Augusti consumpta-est.
family of-Augustus was-quite-spent.
the family of Augustus became extinct,
Huic Sergius Galba succassit, antiquissimae no-
Xo-this Sergius Galba succeeded, most-antienl of-
To Nero succeeded Sergius Galba, a senator of a very
bilitatis senator, cum septuagesimum tertium
nobility . senator, when seventieth third
ancient and noble family, elected emperor when in his
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 157

annum ageret aetatis, ab Hispanis et Gallis impe-

year he-might-act of-age, from Spaniards and Gauls empe-
seventy-third year, by the Spaniards and
rator electus, mox ab universo exercitu libenter
ror chosen-ont, presently from whole army willingly
Gauls, and soon after readily acknowledged by the
acceptus-est ; nam privata ejus vita insignis fuerat
he-was-received ; for private of-him life marked bad-been
whole army ; for his private life had been distinguished
militaribus et civilibus rebus, saepe consul, saepe
military and civil by-things, often consul, often
by many military and civil exploits, often as consul, often
proconsul, frequenter dux in gravissimis bellis.
proconsul, frequently leader in heaviest wars,
as proconsul, and frequently as general in most important wars.
Hujus breve imperium fuit, et quod bona haberet
Of-this short empire was, and which good might-have
His reign was short, but not otherwise objectionable
exordia, nisi ad severitatem propensior
beginnings, unless to severity more-hanging-down
in its commencement than that it seemed to incline too much
videretur. Insidiis tamen Othonis occisus-est
he-might-seem. By-snares yet of-Otho he-was-killed
to severity. He was slain however by the treachery of Otho
imperii mense septimo in foro Romas, sepul-
of-empire in-month seventh in forum of-Rome, buried-
in the seventh month of his reign in the forum at Rome, and
tusque in hortis suis, qui sunt Aurelia via,
and in gardens his-own, which are Aurelian in-way,
buried in his gardens, which are situated in the Aurelian way,
non longe ab urbe Roma.
not far from city Rome,
not far from the city.
Otho, occiso Galba, invasit impe-
Otho, having-been-slain Galba, went-against em-
Otho, on the death of Galba, took possession of the govern-
rium, materno genere nobilior quam pa-
pire, maternal by-race more-noble than by-
meut, of a more nobje descent on the mother's than the father's
158 EUTROPII H1STOR1A.

terno, neutro tamen obscuro. In privata vitk

paternal, neither yet obscure. In private life
side, but obscure on neither. In private life
mollis; in imperio documentum sui
soft; in empire lesson of-faimself
he was effeminate ; in his government he had no opportunity
non potuit ostendere, nam cum iisdem tem-
not he-was-able to-hold-forth, for when the-same in
to give evidence of his disposition ; for, about the same
poribus, quibus Otho Galbam occiderat, etiam Vi-
limes, in-which Otho Galba had-killed, also Vi-
time that Otho had slain Galba, Vitellius
tellius factus-esset a Germaniacis exercitibus im-
tellius might-have-been-made by German armies em-
having also been chosen emperor by the German
perator, bello contra eum suscepto, cum
peror, in-war against him undertaken, when
armies, Otho, having commenced a war against him, and
apud Bebriacum in Italia levi praelio victus-
at Bebriacum in Italy light in-battle he-might-have-been-
having sustained a defeat in a slight skirmish near Bebriacum in
esset, ingentes tamen copias haberet, spon-
conquered, vast yet forces he-might-have, will-
Italy, although he had still powerful forces remaining, volun-
te semetipsum occidit, petentibus mi-
ingly himself he-killed, seeking sol-
tarily slew himself, in opposition to the entreaties of
litibus ne tam citd de belli desperaret
diers that-not so quickly concerning of-war be-might-despair
his soldiers that he would not so soon despair of the issue of
eventu, cum tanti non esse dixisset, ut
event, when of-so-great not to-be he-might-have-said, that
the war ; saying, that he was not of sufficient consequence, that
propter eum civile bellum commoveretur. Vo-
on-account-of him civil war might-be-moved-together. Vo-
a civil war should be raised on his account. He
luntaria morte obiit trigesimo et octavo
luntary with-death he-went-through thirtieth and eighth
perished by a voluntary death in the thirty-oighth
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 159

aetatis anno, nonagesimo et quinto imperii

of-age in-year, ninetieth and fifth of-empire
year of his age, and the ninety-fifth day of his
die.
in-day.
reign.
Dein Vitellius imperio potitus-est, familia
Thence Vitellius empire obtained, from-family
Vitellius next obtained the imperial dignity, of a family
honorata magls quam nobili, nam pater ejus non
honored more than noble, for father of-him not
rather honorable than noble, for his father was
admodum clare natus, tres tamen ordinarios ges-
very brightly born, three yet regular had-
not of very illustrious birth, but had filled three
serat consulatus. Hie cum multo dedecore im-
carried consulships. This with much disgrace go-
regular, consulships. His reign was most dis-
peravit, et gravi saevitia notabilis, praecipue in-
verned, and heavy with-cruelty remarkable, chiefly in-
graceful, and marked by the greatest cruelty, as well as by
gluvie et voracitate, quippe cum de die saepe
gluttony and iu-greediness, because when from day often
gluttony and voraciousness, since he is reported to have fre-
quartd vel quintd feratur epulatus. Notissima
fourthly or fifthly he-may-be-borne having-feasted. Most-known
quently feasted four or five times a day. A most re-
certe coena memoriae mandata-est, quam
certainly supper to-memory has-been-committed, which
markable supper at least has been transmitted to memory, which
I ei Vitellius frater exhibuit, in qua, super caeteros
to-him Vitellius brother exhibited, in which, above other
his brother Vitellius set before him, in which, besides other
sumptus, duo millia piscium, septem avium mil-
expenses, two thousand of-fishes, seven of-birds thou-
expenses, two thousand fishes, and seven thousand
lia apposita traduntur.
sands set-near are-delivered.
birds are said to have been set on the table.
160 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Hic, cum Neroni similis esse vellet, atque id'

This, when to-Nero like to-be be-migbt-wish, and that
Being ambitious of resembling Nero, and aim-
aded prae se ferret, ut etiam exequias Ne-
to-that-degree before himself might-bear, that also funeral-rites of-Ne-
ing so openly at this that he even paid respect to
ronis, quae humiliter sepultae fuerant, honoraret,
ro, which humbly buried had-been, he-might-honor,
his remains, which had been meanly buried,
a Vespasiani ducibus occisus-est, interfecto
by of-Vespasian leaders he-was-slain, having-been-made-away-with
he was slain by the generals of the emperor Vespasian, whose
prius Sabino, Vespasiani imperatoris fratre, quem
before Sabinus, of-Ve3pasian emperor brother, whom
brother Sabinus had been first put to death by him, whom
cum capitolio incendit. Interfectus autem, et
with capitol he-burnt. Killed but, and
he.burnt together with the capitol. When slain, he
cum magno dedecore tractus per urbem Romam
with great disgrace drawn through city Rome
was dragged naked with great ignominy through the public
publice nudus, erecta coma et capite, subjec-
publicly naked, upright with-hair and with-head, having-been-
streets of the city, with his hair erect and his head raised
to ad mentum gladio, stercore in
thrust-under to chin with-gword, with-dung into
by means of a sword placed under his chin, his face and
vultum et pectus ab omnibus obviis appeti-
countenance and breast from all in-the-way tbrown-
breast pelted with dung by all that came in the
tus; postremd jugulatus, et in Tiberim
at ; lastly cut-in-the-throat, and into Tiber
way; at last he was thrown with his throat
dejectus, etiam communi caruit
cast-down, also common he-wanted
cut into the Tiber, and wanted even the common rites of
sepultura. Periit autem aetatis anno septimo
burial. He-perished but of-age in-year seventh
burial. He perished in the fifty-seventh year
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 161

et quinquagesimo, imperii mense octavo et die

and fiftieth, of-empire in-month eighth and in-day
of his age, in the eighth month and first day of his
uno.
one.
reign.
Vespasianus huic successit, factus apud Palaes-
Yespasian to-this succeeded, i made at Pales-
To him succeeded Vespasian, who had been created
tinam imperator, princeps obscure quidem natus
tine emperor, prince obscurely indeed born,
emperor in Palestine, a prince indeed of obscure birth,
sed optimis comparandus, privata
but with-best to-be-got-together, private
but worthy to be compared with the best emperors, and in
vita illustris ; ut qui a Claudio
in-life shining; as who from Claudius
private life greatly distinguished, since he had been sent by Clau-
in Germaniam, deinde in Britanniam missus, tri-
into Germany, from-thence into Britain sent, thir-
dius into Germany, and afterwards into Britain, and
cies et bis . cum hoste conflixerit; duas
ty-times and twice with enemy may-have-dashed-togetber; two
had contended two and thirty times with the enemy ; two
validissimas gentes, viginti oppida, insulam Vec-
strongest nations, twenty towns, island Vec-
very powerful nations, twenty towns, and the isle of
tam, Britanniae proximam, imperio Romano ad-
ta, to-Britain nearest, to-en>pire Roman he-may-
Wight, on the coast of Britain, were added by him to the Ro-
jecerit. Romae se in imperio moderatissime
have-cast-to. At-Rome himself in empire most-moderately
man empire. At Rome he acted with the greatest forbearance
gessit; pecuniae tamen avidior fuit,
he-carried; of-money yet more-greedy he-was,
during his administration ; but was rather too eager after money,
ita ut eam nulli injuste auferret, quam
so that it to-rio-one unjustly he-might-bear-away, which
not however that he deprived any one of it unjustly, and
x
163 KUTROPII HISTORIA.

cum omni diligentiae provisione collige-

when all of-diligence with-foresight he-might-gather-toge-
even when he had collected it with the greatest diligence and an-
ret, tamen studiosissime largiebatur, praecipue
ther, yet most-zealously he-was-bestowing, chiefly
xiety, he was in the habit of distributing it most readily, especially
indigentibus ; nec facile ante eum cujusquam
to-(those- )standing*in-need ; nor easily before him any
to the indigent ; nor was there hardly ever known before
principis vel major est liberalitas comperta vel
of- prince or greater is liberality found-out or
hiin a prince whose liberality was more diffused or more judi-
justior : placidissimaa bonitatis,
juster : mildest of-goodness,
cious : he was also of a most mild and amiable disposition,
ut qui majestatis quoque contra se reos
as who of-majesty also against himself arraigned
insomuch that he never willingly inflicted a severer pu-
non facile puniret ultra exilii
not easily he-might-punish beyond of-exile
nishment than banishment even on persons convicted of high
poenam.
punishment.
treason.
Sub hdc Judaea Romano accessit imperio, et
Under this Judea Roman came-to to-empire, and
Under this prince Judea was added to the Roman empire, and
Hierosolyma, quae fuit urbs clarissima Palaestinae.
Jerusalem, which was city brightest of-Palestine.
Jerusalem, the most celebrated city of Palestine.
Achaiam, Lyciam, Rhodum, Byzantium, Samum,
Achaia, Lycia, Rhodes, Byzantium, Samos,
Achaia, Lycia, Rhodes, Byzantium, Samos,
quae liberae ante hoc tempus fuerant, item
which free before this time bad-been, also
which had been free before this period ; together
Thraciam, Ciliciam, Tracheam, Comagenam, quae
Thrace, Cilicia, Trachea, Comagena, which
with Thrace, Cilicia, Trachea, and Comagena, which
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 163

sub regibus amicis, in provin-

under kings friendly, into of-pro-
had been governed by their respective Icings in alliance with the
ciarum formam redegit.
vinces form he-bruught-under.
Romans, he reduced to the form of province*.
Offensarum et inimicitiarum immemor fuit ;
Of-offences ' and of-enmities unmindful he-waa ;
Offences and animosities he never bore in mind ;
convicia a causidicis et philosophis in se dicta,
reproaches from lawyers and philosophers upon himself spoken,
reproaches uttered against himself by lawyers and philosophers
leniter tulit; diligens tamen coercitor disci-
gently he-bore ; diligent yet restrainer ofdis-
he bore with calmness ; but was a strenuous enforcer of
plinae militaris. Hie cum Tito filio de Hieroso-
cipline military. He with Titus son from Jerusa-
military discipline. He triumphed, together with his son Titus,
lymis triumphavit.
lem triumphed
on account of Jerusalem.
Per haic ctim senatui et populo, postremd
Through these when to-senate and to-people, lastly
By these means having become amiable and a favorite with
cunctis, amabilis ac jucundus esset, proflu-
to-all, worthy-to-be-loved and pleasant he-might-be, with-a-flowing-
the senate and the people, in short, with all men, he
vio ventris extinctus-est in villa propria circa
forth of-beliy he-was-extinguished in country-seat peculiar about
died of a flux in his own villa near
Sabinos, annum aetatis agens sexagesimum
the-Sahines, year of-age acting sixtieth
the Sabine country, in the sixty-ninth year of his
nonum, imperii nonum et diem septimum ; atque
ninth, of-empire ninth and day seventh ; and
age, the ninth year and seventh day of his reign ; and
inter divos relatus-est.
among gods was-referred,
,was enrolled among the gods.
 164 EUTROPII HISTORIA.

Huic Titus- filius successit, qui et ipse Vespa-

To-thii Titus son succeeded, who and self Vespa-
To him succeeded his son Titus, who was also
sianus est-dictus, vir omnium virtutum genere
sian was-said, man all of-virtues in-kind
called Vespasian, a man remarkable for every species
mirabilis, aded ut amor et deliciae humani
wonderful, to-that-degree that love and delights human
of virtue, insomuch that he was styled the favorite and the
generis diceretur. Facundissimus, bellicosissimus,
of-kind he-might-be-said. Most-eloquent, most-warlike,
idol of mankind. He was very eloquent, warlike,
moderatissimus ; causas Latine egit ; poemata et
most-moderate ; causes in-Latin he-acted ; poems and
and temperate ; he pleaded causes in Latin ; and composed
tragoedias Graece composuit. In oppugnatione
tragedies in-Greek he-put-together. In siege . ,
poems and tragedies in Greek.. At the siege
Hierosolymorum sub patre militans, duodecim
of-Jerusalem under father being-a-soldier, twelve
of Jerusalem while serving under his father, he slew
propugnatores duodecim sagittarum ictibus
fighters-for twelve of-arrows with-strokes
twelve of those who were defending the town with wounds from as
confixit. Romae tantas civilitatis in imperio
he-quite-fixed. At-Rome so-great of-civility in empire
many arrows. Such was his lenity towards the citizens during his
fuit, ut nullum omnino puniret ;
he-was, that no-one at-all he-would-punish ;
administration at Rome, that he did not punish a single person ;
convictos adversum sese conjurationis ita dimi-
convicted against himself of-a-swearing-together so he-may-
and even those convicted of conspiracy against himself he
serit, ut in eadem familiaritate, qua antea,
have-sent-apart, that in the-same intimacy, in-which before-that,
released, and continued on the same terms of intimacy with
habuerit. Facilitatis tantae fuit et liberalitatis>
he-may-have-had. Of-easiness so-great he-was and of-liberaIityr
them as before. Such was his good-nature and generosity,
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 165

ut nulli quidquani negaret, et cum ab amicis

that to-no-one any-thing he-woukl-deny, and when by friends
that he never refused any thing to any one, and being blamed by his
reprehenderetur, respondit, nullum tristem debere'
he-might-be-caught-back, he-answered, no-one sad to-owe
friends on this account, replied, that no one ought to leave
ab imperatore discedere. . Propterea cum quadam
from emperor to-depart. On-account-of-that when a-certain
an emperor in sorrow. Hence having recollected on
"die in coena recordatus-fuisset, nihil se illo
in-day in supper he-might-have-called-to-niind, nothing himself that
a certain day at supper, that he had conferred
die cuiquam praestitisse, dixit, " O amici,
in-day to-any-one to-have-set-forth, he-said, "O friends,
no obligation on any one, he exclaimed, " O my friends !
hodie diem perdidi." Hie Romae amphitheatrum
this-day day I-have-lost." This at-Rome amphitheatre
I have lost this day 1" He built an amphitheatre
aedificavit, et quinque millia ferarum in dedicatione
built, and five thousands of-wild-beasts in dedication
at Rome, and on its dedication slew five thousand
ejus occidit. '
of-it slew.
- wild beasts.
Per haec inusitato favore dilectus, morbo
Through these-(things) unusual with-favor beloved, by-disease
Thus beloved with an unusual attachment, he fell ill
periit in ea, qua pater, villa, post bien-
he- perished in that in-which father, country-seat, after the-space-of-
and died in the same villa as his father, after having
nium, menses octo, dies viginti, quam imperator
two-years, months eight, days twenty, that emperor
reigned two years, eight months, and
erat-factus, aetatis anno altero et quadragesimOi
he-had-been-made, of-age in-year the-other and fortieth,
twenty days, in the forty-first year of his age.
Tantus luctus eo mortuo publicus fuit, ut omnes
So-great mourning that-(man) having-died public was, that all
So great was the public lamentation on his death, that all
166 KUTROPll H18T0RIA.

tanquam in propria doluerint orbitate. Se-

u-if ia peculiar may-have-grieved orphancy. Se-
deplored his loss as that of a near relative of their own. The
natus, obitu ipsius circa vesperam nun-
oate, death of-him about evening having- been-
senate, having received intelligence of his death about the
tiato, nocte irrupit in curiam, et
told, in-night broke-in into court, and
evening, hurried into the senate-house in the night time, and

tantas ei mortuo gratias laudesque

so-great to-hhn dead thanks praises-aud
heaped upon him after his death even more expressions of grati-
congessit, quantas nec vivo unquam
carried-together, Iiow-great nor to-alive ever
tude and commendation, than they had when he was alive and
egerat, nec praesenti. Inter divos relatus-est.
it-had-acted, nor to-present. Among gods he-was-referred.
present among them. He was numbered among the gods.
Domitianus mox accepit imperium, frater
Domitian presently received empire, brother
Domitian next received the imperial dignity, the
ipsius junior, Neroni, aut Caligula?, aut Ti-
of-him younger, to-Nero, or to-Caligula, or to-
younger brother of Titus, but more like Nero, or Cali.
berio similior, quam patri vel fratri suo : primis
Tiberius more-like, than to-father or to-brother Itis-own : first
gu fa, or Tiberius, than his father or brother: in the
tamen annis moderatus in imperio
yet in-years moderate in empire
commencement however of his reign he used his power with mo-
fuit; mox ad ingentia vitia progressus libidinis,
he-was; presently to vast vices going-forward of-lust,
deration ; but soon proceeded to the greatest excesses of lust,
iracundiae, crudelitatis, avaritiae, tantum in se
of-passion, of-cruelty, of-avarice, so-great into himself
rage, cruelty, and avarice, so that he incurred
odium concitavit, ttt merita patris et fratris
hatred he-stirred-up, that deserts of-father and of-brother
universal detestation, and effaced the remembrance of his father's
 LIBER SEPTIMUS. 167

aboleret. Interfecit nobilissimos ex

he-might-abolish. He-killed noblest from
and his brother's merits. He put to death the most distinguished of
senatu. Dominum se et deum primus appel-
senate. Lord himself and god first to-be-
the senate. He was the first that required to be addressed by the
lari jussit ; nullam sibi nisi auream et
called he-commanded ; no to-himself unless golden and
titles of Lord and God ; and suffered no statue of himself to
argenteam statuam in capitolio poni passus-est.
silver statue in capitol to-be-placed he-suffered,
be placed in the capitol except of gold or silver.
Consobrinos suos interfecit. Superbia quoque in
Cousins his-own he-killed. Pride also in
He put his own cousins to death. His pride also was
eo execrabilis fuit.
him worthy-to-be-cursed was.
thoroughly detestable. ,
Expeditiones quatuor habuit, unam adversus
Expeditions four he-had, one against
He made four expeditions, one against
Sarmatas, alteram adversus Cattos, duas adversum
the-Sannatians, another against the-Catti, two against
the Sarmatians, another against the Catti, two against
Dacos. De Dacis Cattisque duplicem quidem
the-Dacians. From Dacians Catti-and double indeed
the Dacians. Ou account of the Dacians and the Catti indeed he
triumphum egit ; de Sarmatis solam lauream
triumph he-acted ; from Sarmatians alone laurel-crown
obtained a double triumph ; for the Sarmatians, he received only
usurpavit. Multas quidem calamitates iisdem bel-
he-used. Many indeed calamities the-same in-
the laurel. He suffered many disasters in
lis passus-est, nam in Sarmatia legiones ejus cum
wars he-suffered, for in Sarmatia legions of-him with
these wars, for in Sarmatia his legions with
duce interfectae, et a Dacis Appius Sabinus
leader killed, and by Dacians Appius Sabinus
their general were cut off, and by the Dacians Appius Sabinus,
168 EUTR0PII HISTORIA.

consularis et .Cornelius Fuscus, praefectus

consular and Cornelius Fuscus, prefect
a person of consular dignity, and Cornelius Fuscus, the prefect
praetorio, cum magnis exercitibus occisi-
to-pratorian-(band), with great armies were-
of the praetorian cohort, were slain with immense
sunt. Romas quoque multa opera fecit,
slain. At-Rome also many works he-did,
armies. At Rome he also erected several public buildings,
in his capitolium et Forum Transitorium,
in these capitol and forum that-one-may-pass-through,
among which were the capitol, the Forum Transitorium,
Odeum, Portions, Isium ac Serapium, et
the-Odeum, the-Porticos, temple-of-Isis and ternpie-of-Serapis, and
the Odeum, the Piazzas, the temples of Isis and Serapis, and
Stadium.
the-Stadium.
the Stadium.
Verum cum ob scelera universis exosus esse
But when for crimes by-all hated to-be
But becoming odious to every one on account of
coepisset, interfectus-est suorum conjuratione
he-might-have-begun, he-was-killed of-bis-own by- swearing-together
his crimes, he fell a victim to a conspiracy of his own
in palatio, anno aetatis quadragesimo
in palace, in-year of-age fortieth
servants within the palace, in the forty-fifth year of his
quinto, imperii quinto decimo. Funus ejus, cum
fifth, of-empire in-fifth tenth. Funeral of-him, with
age, and the fifteenth of his reign. His corpse was carried
ingenti dedecore per vespillohes exportatum ig-
vast disgrace by bearers carried-out ig-
out with marked insult by hired bearers, and
nobiliter est-sepultum.
nobly was-buried.
buried ignominiously.
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