PHASE RULE

(Textbook: Essentials of Physical Chemistry. By: B.S. Bahl, G.D.Tuli)

CHAPTER: 19

Define phase, component and degrees of freedom in context of phase rule.

Find out the number of phase for the following systems with proper reasons:

1) Any Alloy 2) Decomposition of calcium carbonate

3) Ordinary Sulphur 4) Dissociation of ammonium chloride

5) CaCO3 (s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) 6) Mixture of O2 and Cl2

7) H2O (l)+ CHCl3(l) + C2H5OH(l) 8) NH4Cl(s) HCl(g) + NH3(g)

9) H2O (s) H2O (l) H2O (g) 10) H2O (s) H2O (l)

11) H2O (l) H2O (g) 12) A piece of pure gold

13) A piece of pure silver 14) Pure benzene

15) All pure substances 16) Mixture of gases

17) Miscible liquids 18) An aqueous solution of edible salt [NaCl]

19) Mixture of two allotropic forms

20) NaCl (solid) NaCl solution water vapor

Find out the number of component for the following systems with proper
reasons:
1)
Decomposition of calcium carbonate / CaCO 3 (s) CaO(s) + CO2(g)
2)
Mixture of O2 and Cl2
3)
H2O (l)+ CHCl3(l) + C2H5OH(l)
4)
NH4Cl(s) HCl(g) + NH3(g)
5)
H2O (s) H2O (l) H2O (g)
6)
H2O (s) H2O (l)
7)
H2O (l) H2O (g)
8)
Mixture of two allotropic forms
9)
An aqueous solution of edible salt [NaCl]

Mention the number of degrees of freedom for the following systems with
proper reasons:

1) Mixture of O2 and Cl2

2) H2O (s) H2O (l) H2O (g)
3) H2O (s) H2O (l)
4) H2O (l) H2O (g)
5) Mixture of gases
6) NaCl (solid) NaCl solution water vapor

Give an example of a trivariant (F=3) system. Explain why it is called so.

What is the degree of freedom (F) for ́Ice- Water -Vapour system ̀ & why ?
Or,
Give an example of a nonvariant (F=0) system. Explain why it is called so.

Calculate the degree of freedom of a region, a line and the triple point of the
Phase diagram of water system.

Draw the Phase diagram of water system. Label its different regions,
line/curves and triple point.

What is the degree of freedom (F) for “Pure O 2-gas system”̀̀ & why?

“Water is a three-phase, one-component system.” – Elucidate this statement

in context of phase diagram of water system.

Why does the fusion curve of ice in the phase diagram of water system
slope to the left?

What does the inclination of the fusion curve of ice to the left in the phase
diagram of water system indicate?

Discuss the salient features of the phase diagram of water system.

Why the system at the triple point is nonvariant?

Why the system at the vapor pressure curve is monovariant?

Why the system at the fusion curve of ice is monovariant?

Why the system at the sublimation curve of ice is monovariant?

What happens if either temperature or pressure is changed while the water

system exists at the triple point?