POLYGON- CLOSED PLANE FIGURE FORMED BY LINE SEGMENTS

PARTS OF POLYGON

1. SIDE OR EDGE (s)- THE LINE SEGMENT OF THE POLYGON

1.1. ADJACENT SIDE- PAIR OF SIDES THAT SHARE A COMMON VERTEX

take note: IF S1 AND S2 ARE ADJACENT, S2 AND S3 ARE ADJACENT THEREFORE

S1 AND S2 ARE ADJACENT.

2. VERCTICES (v)- THE TWO POINTS THAT CONNECTS TO FORM A SIDE

2.1. ADJACENT VERTICES- SHARED A COMMON LINE SEGMENTS
IN QUADRILATERAL:

Take note: IF V1 AND V2 ARE ADJACENT VERTICES, THEN S2 IS THE

COMMON LINE SEGMENT

*S1, S2, S3, S4 ARE THE SIDES

*V1, V2, V3, V4 ARE THE VERTICES

TRANSITIVE PROPERTY OF EQUALITY- IF A IS EQUAL TO B, B IS EQUAL TO C, THEREFORE A IS EQUAL TO C.

Transitivity DOES NOT APPLY TO QUADRILATERAL, ONLY IN TRIANGLE.

IN triangle, IF S1 IS ADJACENT TO S2, S2 IS ADJACENT TO S3, THEREFORE S1 IS ADJACENT TO S3

BECAUSE IN TRIANGLE ALL VERTICES ARE ADJACENT VERICES
IN quadrilateral, IF S1 IS ADJACENT TO S2, S2 IS ADJACENT TO S3, THEREFORE S1 IS NOT
ADJACENT TO S3
BECAUSE IN QUADRILATERAL NOT ALL VERTICES ARE ADJACENT VERTICES
Take note: IF THERE’S NON- ADJACENT VERTICES, DIAGONAL WILL FORM.

3. DIAGONAL (d)- LINE SEGMENT THAT CONNECTS TWO ADJACENT VERTICES

VECTOR- ALTITUDE + DIRECTION
LINEAR- THE 1ST DEGREE OF THE VALUE OF THE UNKNOWN
QUDRATIC- THE 2ND DEGREE OF THE VALUE OF THE UNKNOWN
CUBIC- THE 3RD DEGREE OF THE VALUE OF THE UNKNOWN
 n v d SIA IA SEA EA
TRIANGLE 3 3 0 180 60 360 120 120
QUADRILATERAL 4 4 2 360 90 360 90 90
PENTAGON 5 5 5 540 108 360 72 72
HEXAGON 6 6 9 720 120 360 60 60
HEPTAGON 7 7 14 900 128.6 360 51.4 51.4
OCTAGON 8 8 20 1080 135 360 45 45
NONAGON 9 9 27 1260 140 360 40 40
DECAGON 10 10 35 1440 144 360 36 36

4. INTERIOR ANGLE (IA)- ANGLE INSIDE THE POLYGON

TRIANGLE HAS 180◦

4.1. SUM OF INTERIOR ANGLE (SIA)

5. EXTERIOR ANGLE (EA)- SUPPLEMENT OF THE INTERIOR ANGLE

SUPPLEMENTARY- THE SUM OF TWO ANGLES IS 180◦
COMPLEMENTARY- THE SUM OF TWO ANGLES IS 90◦

5.1. SUM OF EXTERIOR ANGLE IS ALWAYS 360◦

TYPES OF POLYGON
1. EQUILATERAL- ALL SIDES ARE EQUAL (EX. ROMBUS)
2. EQUIANGULAR- ALL ANGLES ARE EQUAL, NOT NECESSARILY ALL SIDES ARE EQUAL (EX. RECTANGLE)
3. REGULAR- ALL SIDES AND ANGLES ARE EQUAL (EX. SQUARE)
4. IRREGULAR- ALL SIDES AND ANGLES ARE NOT EQUAL
5. CONVEX- LINE SEGMENT CROSSED A POLYGON LESS THAN 2 SIDES
6. CONCAVE- LINE SEGMENT CROSSED A POLYGON MORE THAN 2 SIDES
 • PERIMETER (P)- THE SUM OF ALL SIDES

• CENTRAL ANGLE ( )-

• AREA (A)- THE SURFACE THAT OCCUPY A CERTAIN FIGURE

• RADIUS (r)

IN TRIANGLE:

• AREA OF TRIANGLE AND

POLYGON
EXERCISE

1. FIND THE AREA OF A REGULAR NONAGON WHOSE SIDES MEASURE 3 UNITS. DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF
DIAGONAL AND THE SUM OF THE INTERIOR ANGLE.
GIVEN: n= 9
s= 3
REQUIRED: area (A), diagonal (d) and sum of interior angle (SIA)
EQUATION:

SOLUTION:

• d= 9 (9-3)/ 2
• SIA= 180 (9-2)
• A= 9(36^2)___
4 tan 180/9

ANSWER:

d= 27, SIA= 1260, A= 55.6 units^2