Question No.

37

All the given solution generally follows this all rule of

addition .
(a)
 The vector diagram for the sum A+B can be shown
as follow
 to add A and B , connect tailpart of B to head part
of A then
 the vector A+B along the direction of the line
joining from tail part of A to head part of B
 the required graph is shown below.
 .

(b)
 The vector diagram for the sum A-B can be shown
as follow:
 to add A and B , connect tailpart of B to head part
of A
 then the vector A-B along the direction of the line
joining from tail part of A to head part of B.
(c)

 The vector diagram for the sum –A-B can be

shown as follow:
 to add A and B , connect tailpart of B to head part
of A
 then the vector –A-B along the direction of the
line joining from tail part of A to head part of B.
where they both are in their respective negative
 direction .

(d)
 The vector diagram for the sum B-A can be shown
as follow:
 to add A and B , connect tail part of B to head part
of A
 then the vector B-A along the direction of the line
joining from tail part of A to head part of B. where
A will be in opposite direction of the positive axis.
Question No.-44
The X-component of the vectors –
Ax= Asin37°
Ax= 7.22178 (Where A = 12)
Bx=Bcos40°
Bx=11.4906(Where B= 15)
Cx= -Ccos60°
Cx= -3.0(Where C= 6.0)
The Y-component of the vectors
Ay=Acos37°
Ay=9.58 (Where A = 12)
By=-Bsin40°
By=-9.64(Where B= 15)
Cy = -Csin60°
Cy= -5.1961(Where C= 6.0)
Question - 45
Ax=1.30cm
Ay=2.25cm
Bx=4.10cm
By=-3.75cm
(a)
The components of the sum of vectors are
Rx=Ax+ Bx
=1.3cm+4.10cm
=5.4cm
Ry= Ay+ By
=2.25cm-3.75cm
=-1.5 cm
(b)
The magnitude of R is given as

R= √𝑅𝑥 2 + 𝑅𝑦 2

R=√(5.4𝑐𝑚)2 + (−1.5𝑐𝑚)2
R = 5.6cm
Direction of R related to positive x-axis is given by
 𝑅𝑦
Θ =tan-1( )
𝑅𝑥
−1.5
Θ =tan-1( )
5.4

Θ =-15.5°
Θ = 344.5° counter clockwise

(c)
The component of Vector difference B-A are
R =B-A
X component
Rx=Bx-Ax
Rx =4.1cm-1.3cm
Rx =2.8cm
Y component
Ry=By-Ay
Ry = -3.75-2.25
Ry =-6cm
(d)
The magnitude is given by

R=√𝑅𝑥 2 + 𝑅𝑦 2

R=√(2.8𝑐𝑚)2 + (−6𝑐𝑚)2
= 6.62cm
The direction is given by
-1 𝑅𝑦
Θ =tan ( )
𝑅𝑥
−6
Θ =tan-1( )
2.8

Θ = -64.98°
Θ =295° counter clockwise

Question No.62.
5.80 km

Start Finish
2.00 km 45°
3.50 km
 First leg represented by the vector 𝑉1

𝑉1𝑥 = + 2.00 km( + means east and – means west )

𝑉1𝑦 = 0.00 km

Second leg represented by the vector 𝑉2

𝑉2𝑥 = +3.50 cos (45) = 2.47 km

𝑉2𝑦 = -3.50 cos(45) = -2.47 km

The total journey from start to finish is 5.80 km east.

i.e. 𝑉𝑥−𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = + 5.80 km

𝑉𝑦−𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 0.00 km

Now ,𝑉𝑥−𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑉1𝑥 + 𝑉2𝑥 + 𝑉3𝑥

⇒ 5.80 = 2.00 + 2.47 + 𝑉3𝑥

⇒ 𝑉3𝑥 = 1.33 𝑘𝑚

And ,𝑉𝑦−𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑉1𝑦 + 𝑉2𝑦 + 𝑉3𝑦

⇒ 0.00 = 0.00 − 2.47 + 𝑉3𝑦

⇒ 𝑉3𝑦 = 2.47 𝑘𝑚

Using these values, we get magnitude as

𝑉3 = √𝑉3𝑥 2 + 𝑉3𝑦 2

⇒ 𝑉3 = √(1.33)2 + (2.47)2 = 2.81 𝑘𝑚

 And direction

−1
𝑉3𝑦 −1
2.47
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( ) = 61.70°
𝑉3𝑥 1.33

Question No.63.

Resolving
vectors :
𝐹𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
A

32° 2𝐹 cos 𝜃
32°
B
−𝐹𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
The horizontal component of the forces are ,

𝐹𝐴 cos 𝜃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐵 cos 𝜃

But ,

𝐹𝐴 = 𝐹𝐵

Hence, Resultant force is

𝐹𝑅 = 2𝐹𝐴 cos 𝜃

Now, substituting 32° for 𝜃 and 𝐹𝑅 = 5.79

5.79 = 2𝐹𝐴 cos 32°

⇒ 𝐹𝐴 = 3.41 𝑁

Hence , the pulls from both the forces is of 3.41 N.