Q. 1. Which two areas of India produce oranges mainly?

Ans. Nagpur, Cherapunjee

Q. 2. Which crop is the major crop of Rabi?

Ans. Wheat

Q. 3. By which other name is ‘slash and burn’ agriculture known?

Ans. Primitive Subsistence Farming/ Jhumming

Q. 4. India is the largest producer as well as consumer of which agricultural product in the
world?
Ans. Pulses

Q. 5. In which type of soil does maize grow well?

Ans. Old Alluvial Soil

Q. 6. Which crop is grown with the onset of monsoons and are harvested in the month of
September and October?
Ans. Kharif crops

Q, 7. Name some Rabi crops.

Ans. Wheat, Barley, Peas, Gram, Mustard

Q. 8. In which system of agriculture, a single crop is grown on a large area?

Ans. Plantation Agriculture

Q. 9. Name some plantation crops.

Ans. Tea, Coffee, Rubber, Sugarcane, etc.

Q. 10. In which country the ‘slash and burn’ agriculture is known as ‘Roca’?
Ans. Brazil

Q. 11. Hoe, Dao, digging sticks are associated with which type of farming?
Ans. Primitive Subsistence Farming

Q. 12. Name the crop for which India is the largest producer in the world.
Ans. Fruits and Vegetables
Q. 13. Which type of farming is intensive subsistence farming?
Ans. Labour Intensive Farming

Q. 14. Which country is the first largest producer of rice?

Ans. China

Q. 15. Name the two important wheat growing zones in India.

Ans. Ganga-Satluj area in the North West and black soil of Deccan plateau

Q. 16. Which crop is used both as food and fodder?

Ans. Maize

Q. 17. Which crop is known as golden fibre?

Ans. Jute

Q. 18. Which state is the largest producer of ragi?

Ans. Karnataka

Q. 19. By whom the Bhoodan-Gramdaan movement was initiated?

Ans. Vinoba Bhave

Q. 20. What is the full form of ICAR?

Ans. Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Q. 21. In which part of India is Jhumming practiced in India?

Ans. North eastern parts of India

Q. 22. Name any two fibre crops.

Ans. Jute, Cotton

Q. 23. Name the country in which Jhumming agriculture is known as Milpa?

Ans. Mexico

Q. 24. Which type of farming is practiced in areas with high population pressure on land?
Ans. Intensive Subsistence Farming

Q. 25. What is Bewar?

Ans. The primitive farming in Madhya Pradesh is called Bewar or Dahiya

Q. 26. What is Pama Dabi?

Ans. The primitive farming in Odisha is called Pama Dabi

Q. 27. What is Zaid season?

Ans. Zaid season is the season of 2-3 summer months between Kharif and Rabi seasons

Q. 28. Name the season during which watermelon, muskmelon and cucumber are
produced?
Ans. Zaid season

Q. 29. What are Aus, Aman and Boro?

Ans. In states like Assan, West Bengal and Orissa, 3 crops of paddy are grown in a year. These are
known as Aus, Aman and Boro

Q. 30. Name the rain fed millet crop mostly grown in the moist areas which hardly needs
irrigation?
Ans. Jowar

Q. 31. Which is the kharif crop account for about half of the major oilseeds produced in the
country?
Ans. Groundnut

Q. 32. Name the crops which are known as coarse grains.

Ans. Jowar, Bajra, Ragi

Q. 33. Discuss three main impacts of globalization on Indian agriculture.

Ans. (i) Indian agricultural products are not able to compete with the developed countries
(ii) Bad condition of small farmers
(iii) Land degradation caused due to overuse of chemicals

Q. 34. Which are two main cropping seasons in India? Mention their growing and harvesting
periods.
Ans. The 2 main cropping seasons are Rabi and Kharif crops.
Rabi: They are sown during October-December. They are harvested during April-June.
Kharif: They are sown with the onset of monsoon. They are harvested during September-October
Q. 35. What are the growing conditions required for the main staple food crop of India?
Mention the main growing regions.
Ans. Growing conditions:-
(i) High humidity
(ii) High temperature (above 25°C)
(iii) High rainfall (above 100cm)
Main growing areas:-
Northern Plains, Deltaic Plains, River Valley

Q. 36. Why the pulses crop are mostly grown in rotation with other crops? Name any two
major pulse producing states?
Ans. Pulses are mostly grown in rotation because:
(i) Pulses grow in less moisture and survive even in very dry climate
(ii) Pulses being a leguminous crop help in retaining the fertility of the soil by fixing the nitrogen
from the soil
Major producing states:-
Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh

Q. 37. State the importance of groundnut and name the states where it is grown.
Ans. Importance:-
(i) They are used as raw materials in production of soap, ointment, cosmetics
(ii) They are edible and used as cooking medium

Groundnut:-
(i) India is the largest producer of groundnut
(ii) It is kharif crop
(iii) States producing groundnuts are Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, etc.

Q. 38. What were the attributes of the comprehensive land development programme
initiated in India in the 1980s and 1990s?
Ans. (i) Issuing of Kissan Credit Card, Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, etc.
(ii) Special weather bulletin and agricultural programmes for farmers on TV and Radio
(iii) Land Reforms: Collectivization and consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of
zamindari
(iv) Agricultural Reforms: White Revolution and Green Revolution
(v) Land development programmes: Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone
etc., establishment of Grameen banks, Cooperative societies and banks for providing loans.
Q. 39. Explain any three geographical conditions required for the growth of rice in India.
How is it possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall? Explain with examples.
Ans. The geographic conditions required for the growth of rice are:-
(i) High temperature (25 °C)
(ii) High humidity
(iii) High rainfall (above 100cm)
It is possible to grow rice with help of proper irrigation facilities in areas of less rainfall like Punjab
and Haryana

Q. 40. Mention any two geographical conditions required for the growth of maize crop in
India. Describe any three factors which have contributed to increase in maize production.
Ans. The geographic conditions required for growth of rice are:-
(i) It requires temperature between 21°C to 25°C
(ii) It grows well in alluvial soil
Modern farming techniques like HYV seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and proper irrigation facilities has
led to increase in maize production

Q. 41. Define plantation agriculture. Explain any four characteristics of plantation

agriculture.
Ans. It is a type of commercial farming practiced in tropical and sub-tropical regions. It was
introduced by the British
Characteristics:-
(i) A single crop is grown on large scale
(ii) It is capital intensive and done with migrant farmers
(iii) All the produce is used as raw material in factories such as tea, coffee, sugarcane, etc.
(iv) Plantation has interface of industries and agriculture both

Q. 42. Explain Rubber cultivation in India under the following heads:

(a) Importance
(b) Geographical conditions
(c) Producing states.
Ans.
(a) Rubber is used as raw material in many factories especially transport industry
(b) (i) It is a equilateral crop but also grown tropical and sub-tropical areas
(ii) It requires moist and humid climate
(iii) It requires rainfall above 200 cm
(iv) It requires temperature more than 25°C
(c) Producing states are Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andaman and Nicobar island, Garo hills of
Meghalaya
Q. 43. Explain any four features of primitive subsistence agriculture in India?
Ans. (i) It is practiced on small patches of land with primitive tools
(ii) The tools used are basically traditional tools like hoe, dao, digging sticks
(iii) This type of farming completely depends on rain for irrigation
(iv) When one piece of land is degraded, the farmers move to another piece of land

Q. 44. What is Intensive subsistence farming? Write three features of intensive farming.
Ans. Intensive subsistence farming is practiced in areas of high population pressure on land. In this
type of farming, the agricultural production is increased by biochemical inputs and better
agricultural inputs.
Features of intensive farming:-
(i) HYV seeds, modern chemical inputs and irrigation are used to increase production
(ii) Yield per hectare is high
(iii) More than one crop is cultivated in a year

Q. 45. Which are the two major cotton producing states of North India? Describe four
geographical conditions required for the growth of cotton.
Ans. Haryana and Uttar Pradesh are 2 major cotton producing states
Geographical conditions:-
(i) It grows well in drier parts of black soil in Deccan plateau
(ii) It requires less rainfall
(iii) It requires high temperature
(iv) It requires minimum 210 frost free days

Q. 46. Describe any four geographical conditions required for the growth of tea. Mention the
two major tea producing states of South India.
Ans. Geographic conditions:-
(i) It grows well in tropical and sub-tropical areas
(ii) It requires frequent showers all through the year
(iii) It requires warm and moist, frost-free climate all through the year
(iv) It requires deep and fertile, well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter
2 major tea producing states are Tamil Nadu and Kerala

Q. 47. Describe four geographical conditions required for the growth of sugarcane. Name
two major sugarcane producing states of North India.
Ans. Geographical conditions:-
(i) It grows well in tropical and sub-tropical regions
(ii) It requires temperature between 24°C to 27°C
(iii) It requires hot and humid climate
(iv) It requires annual rainfall between 75 to 100cm
2 major producing states are Haryana and Uttar Pradesh

Q. 48. “Wheat and Rice farming in India are fairly different from each other”. Support the
statement with five suitable examples.
Ans.
BASIS OF DIFFERENCE WHEAT RICE
Type of crop Rabi Kharif
Producing state Punjab West Bengal
Temperature 15°C Above 25°C
Rainfall 50 to 75 cm Above 100 cm
Area wise distribution North and north-west Plains of north and north-west
and other parts of country

Q. 49. Distinguish between Primitive subsistence farming and Commercial farming by

stating five points of distinction.
Ans.
Primitive subsistence farming Commercial farming
Production is on small plot of lands Production is on large plot of lands
Labour is from their own family Labour is hired
Less production More production
Fertilizers are not used Fertilizers are used
Irrigation facilities are absent Irrigation facilities are present

Q. 50. Compare the geographical conditions required for the production of cotton and jute.
Ans.
COTTON JUTE
It requires temperature of more than 21°C It requires temperature of 30°C
It requires rainfall of 50 to 100 cm It requires 15 cm rainfall
Loamy and black soil are required Well-drained fertile loamy soil is required
Mainly grown in Gujarat and Maharashtra Mainly grown in eastern part of India
Frost free days are required Hot and humid climate is required